International heritage in the memorial landscape of the Kaliningrad region
... like popular science, educational and media narratives, an essential element of this struggle is the transformation of the symbolic space: the removal of ‘alien’ memorials failing to fit the symbolic landscape. The most effective way to wage a ‘war of monuments’ is their demolition, a quick action generating instant publicity. As a rule, monument removal is accompanied by information campaigns justifying the demolition of cultural and historical heritage objects.
As the international crisis ...
Household management as seen by the federal military personnel during the American Civil War
The problem of the American Civil War participants’ place in family relations is frequently raised by scholars specializing in the cultural and social history of the conflict. Despite this fact, the dynamics of economic relationships between the Federal servicemen on the front and ...
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
... strategic culture, revealing its close ties with the Danish perception of the US as the safeguard for the liberal world order and associated multilateral institutions. Denmark’s value-driven militarised foreign political activism in the post-Cold War era is thus not only pragmatic but also ideological as it seeks to promote liberal values, democracy and human rights under American leadership. The article concludes that factoring in status and reputation in strategic culture studies may complement ...
The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region
... decisions of Sweden and Finland to join NATO were an eloquent manifestation of increased tensions between Russia and the West. The two Nordic countries for a long time (the former for more than two centuries, the latter for the entire period after World War II) adhered to the policy of military non-alignment. In May 2022, they submitted applications for accession to NATO, and the Alliance summit in Madrid in June 2002 sent them official invitations to join NATO.
The situation emerging as a result of ...
The modern historiography on the gender aspects of the history of the First World War
This article describes the major issues in studying the gender aspects of the First World War in modern historiography. Major topics of studies include women on the battlefield and on the home front, gender-specific propa¬ganda, and the crisis of masculinity. The author argues that the explanation of history of societies during and after ...
A testimony of the First World War: Käthe Kollwitz’s cycle War (1922—1923)
This article analyses the cycle War (Krieg) by the German painter Käthe Kollwitz as a testimony of the First World War. The author argues that the testimony of the painter has been underestimated. Current gender studies make it possible to interpret K. Kollwitz’s works as a historical ...
The journal “1812”and the 100th anniversary of the Patriotic War of 1812
... — the beginning of the 20th centuries. The same group of military historians, academics and popularizers initiated the foundation of the Museum of 1812 and the Borodino panorama, painted by F. A. Roubaud for the 100th anniversary of the Patriotic War of 1812. On the one hand, publications in the journal reflected the prevailing worldview and the lexis used at that time. On the other hand, articles of the journal disseminated a set of values amongst the readership, having an equal or lower educational,...
Human Resources of Post-war Lithuania and Their Role in the Rebuilding of Klaipeda
... restoration effort in the Soviet Lithuania. German occupation of the republic caused significant damage to its industry and agriculture. Pre-war Lithuania was an agrarian state aspiring to embark on an industrial-agrarian path of development. After the war, this aspiration did not only persist, but was intensified. To reach this objective, however, Lithuania required qualified workforce. Before the war, hardly any attention was paid to the training of workers for industrial-scale production and construction....
The concept “people” in A. S. Shishkov’s manifestoes in the discourse of the Patriotic War of 1812
The Patriotic War of 1812 is an event that influenced the formation of the Russian national consciousness. At that time, imperial and class identities coexisted. With the de facto ban on discussing the idea of a civil nation, Russian intellectuals focused on the ...
Approaches to the Definition of the Baltic Sea Region
The Baltic Sea region is one of the most developed and well-formed regions of international cooperation. It is a place for promoting collaboration between businesses, non-profits, public authorities, and municipalities of the countries located on the Baltic Sea coast and its adjacent territories. The Baltic Sea region has both unresolved problems and potential for development. This necessitates the identification of the Baltic Sea region territory having a capacity for the efficient development of...
Key trends and features of the Canadian military-industrial complex during the Second World War
...
http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNBR_2pounder_m8.htm
(дата обращения: 14.07.2017).
18. 4"/45 (10.2 cm) QF Mark XVI. URL:
http://www.navweaps.com/Weapons/WNBR_4-45_mk16.php
(дата обращения: 14.07.2017).
19. Canada at War. 1945. № 45.
20. Canadian Production of War Materials. URL:
http://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/historical-sheets/material
(дата обращения: 14.07.2017).
21. Douglas W. A. B., Greenhous B. Out of shadows: Canada in the ...
Kant, Königsberg, and the Albertina. Excerpts from the letters of a Polish student
By the end of the 19th century, after three partitions of Rzeczpospolita by the neighbouring powers, about half of its territory became part of the Kingdom of Prussia. These geopolitical changes had significant social implications for the Polish population.Jan Swiecicki was one of many Polish students to be sent to German-speaking gymnasia. Some of them continued their education at the oldest Prussian university, the Albertina. Selected pas¬sages from letters dated 1802—1806 give an idea of the...
The legitimation and criticism of violence in international law. A po¬litical science perspective
... article considers the practice of justification of arbitrary use of force, which poses a paradox and was not foreseen in Kant’s peace project. It is paradoxical because modern international law — unlike classical law — is aimed not at regulating wars but maintaining peace. However, the UN Charter provides for the right to self-defence before the collective resolution is adopted. Despite rather strict legal restrictions and international court procedures, cases of abuse of this right occur on ...
Demographic development processes in the history of the Kaliningrad region: national trends and regional specifics
... the comparative historical method. The migration factor had the leading role in the emergence of the regional specifics of demographic development. Migrants from the regions of the USSR that were deeply involved in demographic modernisation before the war formed the resident population of the Kaliningrad region. The gender and age profile of the migrants ensured the prolonged post-war demographic compensation and secured fertility and marriage rates above the RSFSR average. The regional fertility rates ...
The rhetoric and logic of the representations of the Russian-Turkish War of 1877–1878 in Russian public discourse
The Balkan crisis of 1875—1876 and the ensuing Russo-Turkish war of 1877—1878 were the first major foreign policy challenges for the Russian Empire in the entirely new public sphere situation. The military reform of 1784, which replaced recruitment with conscription, translated in the involvement of the general ...
Correnpondence of Wladislaw Broniewski and Irena Gelman: historical and cultural context
Having analyzed fifty-seven letters of the Polish poet Wladyslaw Broniewski and seven letters of Irena Gelman, the author explores the historical and cultural context as well as the poetic vision of the correspondents. Additionally, these letters bear testimony to their romatic feeling. The authors of the letters knew and appreciated Russian literature, which was one of the subject matters in their letters, and valued both classical Russian literature and the literatrure of the time. In their letters...
The principle of mutual recognition of court orders within legal cooperation on criminal cases in the European Union
This article considers particular problems of cooperation on criminal matters in the European Union using the example of the European Arrest Warrant and European Evidence Warrant.
1.
Treaty
on the functioning of the European Union, consolidated version //
Official Journal.
C 115.
9.5.2008.
2.
Presidency
Conclusions, Tampere European Council 15 and 16 October 1999. URL
:
http
://
presidency
.
finland
.
fi
/
doc
/
liite
/
treconen
.
rtf
(дата обращения: 26.09.2011).
3.
Programme...
Philology of Jerzy Faryno
1. Гончаров С. А. Западная славистика. Ежи Фарино // Фарино Е. Введение в литературоведение: учебное пособие. СПб., 2004.
2. Фарино Е. Введение в литературоведение: учебное пособие. СПб., 2004.
3. Фарыно Е. Юрятинская читальня и библиотекарша Авдотья («Археопоэтика «Доктора Живаго»...
Translation Historiography
... to the adoption of new methods and forms of analysis, such as microhistory, histoire croisée, archival research, oral history and digital translation history, and to the birth of new areas of research such as the role of translation in conflict and war.
Adamo, S., 2006. Microhistory of Translation. In: G. L. Bastin and P. F. Bandia, eds. Charting the Future of Translation History.
Current Discourses and Methodology
. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, pp. 80—99.
Baer, B. J., ed., 2011....
One Hundred Years Later: Visual Representations of Cultural Memory of the First World War in the Commemorative Practices in the UK
Based on the pieces of art created in the UK to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the First World War, the article analyzes the visual images used in the national commemorative practices. Interconnection between the specifics of "English style" in the representation of the cultural memory of the Great War and deep trauma of British society ...
Expansionism in Poland’s strategic culture: historical retrospective and variations
... opponent (annihilation, attrition, safeguarding of achievements) and operational preferences (the way resources are used to attain goals) [6, p. 7—12] — all three being a product of military experience, the advances in political thought concerning war and peace, and the religious and ethical attitudes prevalent in society [7].
Today’s science offers a broader interpretation of strategic culture, one that is dynamic and generally non-essentialist [8, р. 4—11]. This new approach emphasises the ...
Preserve vs dismantle: major trends in the Baltics’ politics of memory regarding Soviet monuments at sites of mass violence
... did not save the places of remembrance from acts of vandalism. Moreover, there are trends in the Baltics towards a revision of the laws protecting the monuments.
1. Kantor, Yu. Z. 2011,
Pribaltika: vojna bez pravil (1939—1945)
[The Baltics: war without rules (1939—1945)], St. Petersburg, “Zvezda” Journal, 336 p. (in Russ.).
2. Weiss-Wendt, A. 2008, Why the Holocaust Does Not Matter to Estonians, Journal of Baltic Studies, vol. 39, № 4, p. 475—497,
https://doi.org/10.1080/01629770802461530
...
The concept of “memory wars” in contemporary studies of collective memory
The article analyses how the terms “memory wars” / “memorial wars” are applied in the contemporary research papers on conflicts of collective perceptions of the past. The author shows that in the late 1990s and early 2000s the concept was not yet associated exclusively with the political ...
The ‘сool war’ in the Baltic Sea Region: consequences and future scenarios..
The relevance of this topic is determined by the Baltic region playing a special role in the current confrontation between Russia and the West, which is most accurately defined by the term ‘cool war’. Russia borders on the EU and NATO in that region. In this study, I aim to demonstrate the impact of the ‘cool war’ on international relations in the region and explain why the preservation of the status quo is the most likely scenario. I conclude ...
Polish Accession to the European Union: Participating Institutions
In May 2014 it was aready ten years since Poland’s accession to the European Union. The accession was preceded by a long period of political action and negotiations between the Polish and the EU institutions. The process of integration was extremely complex. It covered almost all areas of economic, legal and civil aspects of the aspiring country’s economy, in which all necessary requirements had to be met. The aim of the article was to present the institutional framework created for efficient...
The January uprising in the worldview of the Warsaw positivists
An attempt has been made to determine the views of Warsaw positivists on the January Uprising. The author turns to literary works, letters, and memoirs of representatives of Warsaw positivism and concludes that the suppression of the uprising in 1863-1864 contributed significantly to the formation of the ideology of this philosophical movement. Positivists openly condemned the Polish liberation movement, believing that armed conflicts would lead to the disappearance of the Polish nation. Despite...
Paleoecological conditions of the Gdansk basin in Holocene in the complex analysis of short sediment cores
The article is aimed at reconstructing the paleoecological conditions in the Gdansk Basin of the Baltic Sea in the Late Holocene. The hydrological and hydrochemical conditions of its isolated bottom layer are strongly influenced by water exchange with the North Sea, which in connected to the World Ocean. Information on environmental conditions in the past is necessary to understand the observed changes in the Baltic Sea ecosystem, to identify the natural and anthropogenic components of these changes...
The later works of Boris Porshnev in foreign historiography
... Fronde (1648—1653). P., 2004.
16. Cinnella E. B. F. Poršnev, Francija, anglijskaja revoljucija i evropejskaja politika v seredine XVII v. Moskva, Nauka, 1970 // Rivista storica italiana. 1972. № 2. P. 514—524.
17. Dukes P. The Thirty Years’ War, the Smolensk War and the Modernization of International Relations in Europe // Modernizing Muscovy. Reform and social change in seventeenth-century Russia. L. ; N. Y., 2004. P. 203—222.
18. Ekholm L. Kontributioner och krediter. Svensk krigsfinansiring ...
The intertexteme as an instrument in the past — present — future dialogical space of urbanism practices: an intersemiotic analysis of graffiti and inscriptions in Gdansk and Kaliningrad
This paper discusses intertextual and intervisual tools for creating the past — present — future dialogic axis in urban practices, using the example of graffiti and inscriptions in Gdansk and Kaliningrad. The authors describe the urban space as an object of research, give a definition of the urban inscription, characterize the semiotic nature of the latter, consider terminology problems relating to the category of intertextuality, and broadly interpret the intertexteme as a tool in the ‘past...
Finland’s policy towards the USSR in the 1980s—at the beginning of the 1990s in the Finnish historiography
The article is a review of the body of literature published in Finland during the 1990s — 2010s, describing the evolution of Finland's foreign policy towards the USSR in the last decade of the Cold War. The author identifies chronological stages of the study of Finland’s policy towards the Soviet Union and analyses the most relevant themes, which were the subject of attention of Finnish historians and historiographers. The author characterizes ...
Satisfaction of Polish Bank Employees with Incentive Systems: An Empirical Approach
This article considers employee satisfaction with incentive systems. Strict requirements for the efficiency of human resource management (HRM) and internal public relations make it a major management problem. The importance of this study lies in the fact that incentives affect all stages of HRM. This work reports the results of an empirical survey of Polish bank employees, which was aimed to establish to what degree incentive systems met employees’ expectations, and to analyse the impact of such...
Male Cinderella: the character, genre, and poetics of Jerzy Kosiński's novel Being There
This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the novel of the Polish émigré author Erzy Kosiński written in the English language. The image of the main character is considered in the typological comparison with the prece-dent images of world literature; the plot and composition structure is de-scribed; the genre is identified. Using the analysis of the novel’s key episodes, the article stresses the meaning-creating function of the reflection technique. The receptive field of the novel is...
Cross-border cooperation in tourism between the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship and the Kaliningrad region
The border location of the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship and the Kaliningrad region is a prerequisite for active cooperation at different institutional levels. The development of cross-border cooperation between the Kaliningrad region and the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship was launched in 1992, when the first agreements on international cooperation were signed. As of today, a high emphasis is placed on cross-border cooperation between the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship and the Kaliningrad region, which...
Historical narrative in the work of Kaliningrad poets during Perestroika: the experience of content analysis
... Kaliningraders and utilizing the concept of “lieux de mémoire” (places of memory). The article demonstrates the dynamics of poem publications over the years and characterizes the prioritized historical themes, including events of the Great Patriotic War, the settlement and recovery of the region, and the fate of the historical and cultural heritage. The conclusion is drawn that during the Perestroika period, influenced by changes in public consciousness, there was a gradual incorporation of new ...
Hybrid texts as a form of interaction between avant-garde artistic and political discourses
... slavyanskikh kul'turakh [Hybrid forms in Slavic cultures]. Moscow. pp. 227—236 (in Russ.).
Lotman, Yu., 1992. Izbrannye stat'i: v 3 t. [Selected articles: in 3 volumes]. Tallinn (in Russ.).
Mayakovskiy, V. V., 2019. Voyna i yazyk: stat'i, zametki i dr. [War and language: articles, notes, etc.]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.).
Mayakovskiy, V. V., 1955. Polnoe sobranie sochineniy: V 13 t. 1955—1961. T. 1. Stikhotvoreniya, tragediya, poemy i stat'i 1912—1917 godov [Complete works: In 13 volumes. 1955—1961....
A programming language and translation
The article deals with some issues of translating technical, in particular, programming texts. The author pays special attention to the polysemy of certain English IT terms. An important problem is adapting such terms to the system of the target language. Translators working in IT are required to have extensive expertise in informatics. Only this will guarantee the choice of a translation strategy adequate for the task of pragmatic adaptation.
1. Ваулина Е.Ю. Информатика. Толковый...
An environmental analysis of the red-backed shrike’s and barred warbler’s nutrition in the conditions of sympatric habitation in natural and anthropogenic stations
We studied the features of altricial trophism in the barred warbler and red-backed shrike in 2004—2013. The collection of data on the nutrition of altricial chicks was carried out in the Ryazan region both in natural (Spas-Klepiki district) and in manmade (Ryazan outskirts) habitats. A comparative analysis of the data showed that both species are characterized by considerable dietary plasticity. In each station, the species composition of prey and the mass concentration of trophic groups differed...
Formation of American Foreign Policy towards Poland before and in First Years of Cold War
... postwar Europe
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Hull C.
The memoirs of Cordell Hull. N. Y., 1948. Vol. 2.
10.
Larsh W.
W. Averell Harriman and the Polish question, December 1943 ...
The activation of languages and the self-awareness of students of philology
This article offers an overview of the discipline ‘Language activation and language teaching strategy’ taught to students of philology at the University of Gdansk. It is emphasised that the course pays special attention to acquiring knowledge and its application in the course of individual studies. The results of an annual survey of junior students of Russian philology at the University of Gdansk help identify the factors of effective teaching of foreign languages.
1. Anisimowicz B. Alternatywne...
Different forms of parliamentarism and the factors determining the variations
Parliamentarism can be implemented in a few versions: parliamentary-cabinet,cabinet-parliamentary, parliamentary-presidential and parliamentary-committee. It is, thus, an internally diversified system. It is influenced by a number of factors, among others, the type of party system, the way of granting the non-confidence vote and dissolving the parliament, as well as the scope of so called delegated legislation.In contemporary parliamentary democracies aspirations to strengthen executives can be observed...
Geopolitical regionalisation of the Baltic area: the essence and historical dynamics
... which either emerge from the collapse of a political system, as seen in the case of Britain’s Commonwealth of Nations, or experience a process of decline, often marked by a series of military conflicts.
3. post-conflict regions forming usually after wars, often forced. For example, the European Union emerged on post-war ruins as a region of integration.
Regions can be classified as follows according to types of regionalisation and geospatial characteristics:
1. As for the geospatial structure, it ...
Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
... second-generation city dwellers and may not be fully accustomed to urban lifestyles.
In Poland, the challenges of urban lifestyle development can be attributed, in part, to the historical process of the country’s territorial formation during and after World War II. The country lost a large part of the Second Polish Republic (interwar Poland), while it obtained some new lands in the north and west (the so-called Recovered Territories, Pol. Ziemie Odzyskane), where a large share of the population was displaced ...
On the problem of acausal semantic coincidences: the cognitive background of omens
The authors study the issue of acausal semantic coincidences (synchronicity) for the first time as omens of war in the Russian linguocultural tradition. The semiotic structure of omens is shown, and models of transformations of situational semantics in their signifier and signified are revealed. In particular, symbolic substitutions are possible in the ...
The issues of the post-war demobilization of military officers (1945—1948)
The article analyses demobilization of officers of the USSR armed forces after the Great Patriotic war in 1945—1948. Six mobilization rounds were carried out to reduce the size of the Armed Forces during this period, and more than 1.3 million officers were dismissed. The original idea was to retain the officers special for their moral and professional ...
Victories and defeats of General Barclay de Tolly in the novel by L. Tolstoy «War and Peace»
The article analyses various means of creating the image of Barclay de Tolly, a great Russian commander who played, according to historians, a decisive role in defeating Napoleon in the Patriotic War of 1812. The author concludes that his portraying in the novel was very powerful not only due to the re-creation of the dominating attitude towards the general of that time but also to Tolstoy’s philosophy of history. According to Tolstoy, the ...
Nikolay Kononov's novel “Flaneur” in the context of Polish messianism: history and myth
The article describes the specific features of Kononov’s dialogue as the author of the novel “Flaneur” with Polish messianism, which is presented by Mickiewicz’s “Books and the Pilgrimage of the Polish Nation” and Slovatsky’s “Journey to the East”. Kononov’s parody and play with historical myths of Polishness allow the reader to compare his novel with the literary works of Gombrovich. The author concludes that Kononov’s Tadeush represents the anthropological trichotomy:...
Financial Support for the Red Army Personnel During the Great Patriotic War
In this article, I analyse the improvement of the system for financial support for military personnel during the Great Patriotic War. Financial support included a monetary allowance, material bonuses for involvement in combat, and welfare benefits for families and veterans. The financial support system was vertically integrated from the centre (the Financial Directorate of the ...
Children's daily life play in the post-war years (based on the material of the Ukrainian SSR)
The author makes an attempt to characterize the daily life play of the Soviet children in the postwar period. The analysis of the issue was carried out on the background of theoretical works on the topic, as well as archival materials and the results of the questionnaire. The study allows to identify the main types of toys and gaming activities, common among Soviet children in the post-war years. It was determined that the post-war devastation had negative consequences for the development of the...
Forecasting Actions of Baltic elites: A Scenario Approach
... Sovereign State, Routledge.
9. Di Paola, G., Shirreff, R., Heisbourg, F., Szatkowski, T., Keller, P., Tamnes, R. 2016, Alliance at Risk Strengthening European Defense in an Age of Turbulence and Competition, Atlantic Council.
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www.vox.com/2015/6/29/8845913/russia-war
(accessed 18.07.2016).
11. Future Security Challenges in the Baltic Sea Region, 2015, A study for the Swedish Armed Forces by the Development, Concepts and ...
Aldington’s «All people are enemies»: an analysis of the motivic structure of the novel
... авторского сознания : дис. … канд. филол. наук. Воронеж, 2002.
6. Aldington R. All men are enemies. N. Y., 1949.
7. Morris J. Richard Aldington and Death of a Hero — or Life of Anti-hero? // The First World War in fiction. L., 1978. P. 183—193.
8. Onions J. English Fiction and drama of the Great War, 1918—1939. L., 1990.
9. Rutherford A. The literature of war: studies in heroic virtue. L., 1989.
Pohalenkov O. R.
Richard Aldington, «All Men Are Enemies»,...