Moral theology and the cosmological argument. Comments and delibera¬tions on a little-known Reflection of Kant
This essay concerns an unusual note of Kant’s that has been available in Hamburg since the 1920s but otherwise neglected in the Kant literature. This small 8 x 6.3 cm sheet belonged to the manuscript collector Oskar Ulex (1852—1934), who appears to have bought it from a dealer in France. Writing covers both sides of the sheet, with moral theology discussed on one side, and the cosmological proof on the other. A transcription and description of the sheet is provided, followedby a “Question &...
Artificial Intelligence: a catalyst for entrepreneurship education in the Baltics
The article explores the growing role of artificial intelligence (AI) in entrepreneurship education within universities. This exploration is set against the backdrop of the rapid and widespread integration of AI technologies across economic and other domains of life. The authors aim to define the concept of ‘entrepreneurial potential’ and elucidate the contribution of AI in augmenting the entrepreneurial potential among university students in the Baltic States. To achieve this goal, the authors...
The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region
The article examines Sweden’s and Finland’s motives for ending their long-time non-aligned policies and joining NATO after Russia had launched a special military operation in Ukraine in February 2022. The two countries’ decision is shown to be in the interest of the United States, which has always sought to fill the geopolitical vacuum reigning after the collapse of the opposing Soviet bloc and the Soviet Union itself. Finland and Sweden were the missing links for Washington and NATO in the...
A. A. Fet and Kant’s stars-and-morals motif in Russian philosophical poetry
... article maintains that the founder of the “stars-and-morals” cycle in Russian philosophical poetry of the 1840s is A. A. Fet. From the poems “I stood a long time without moving” (1843) and “To Le Verrier's Neptune” (1846) to “To extinguished stars” (1890), i. e. over half a century, Fet created lyrical miniatures under the influence of Kant’s and Schopenhauer’s ideas.
1. Благой Д. Д. Мир как красота. (О «вечерних огнях» А. Фета) // Фет ...
Christmas and Easter archetypes in A. Varlamov’s story “The Little Star”: to the plot and character typology problem
... hagiographic topics, motifs of trial and temptation, a smart heart, in the correlation between the main female character and the image of Christ, which is manifested by the meek bearing of reproach. The Christmas archetype is presented through a multi-level star symbol, which becomes a prototype of Paradise and eternal life. The symbolism of the image of the star becomes more complicated, combined with the image of Liza; the girl, like a little star, is able to show the way to God, and this is also reflected ...
The two-party tendency in Poland’s political system: manifestations, causes and prospects
The article analyses the Polish political system and the increasing role of two political parties in it. This tendency has been observed in Poland for more than 15 years. We can draw a conclusion that two-and-a-half-party system has formed in Poland. Using Duverger’s phrasing, there is a “two-party tendency” in the functioning of the Polish model. The study analyses the facts that firm up this conclusion: not only the distribution of seats in the Sejm (the main criterion) but also many other...
History of the words starina and starik as terms of friendship in Russian
This article explores when and under what circumstances the words starik and starina emerged as terms of friendship in standard Russian language. These terms were often used by male characters in the prose of the Khrushchev Thaw — students, scientists, and engineers. It was initially assumed that these words had become forms of address at that time. Analysis of data from the Russian National Corpus shows that these terms of friendship date back earlier than that. Starik was used to address a male...
The Conjunction Functions of the Particle tolko: A Conjunction Particle vs a Conjunction Analogue
This article considers the conjunction functions of the logical and modal particle tolko. A study into the functioning of logical and modal particles led the author to identify the basic syntactic positions that determine the functional and grammatical status of the lexical units studied: the particle, the conjunction particle, and the conjunction analogue. The conjunction behaviour of a particle can be manifested to a greater or lesser degree. The particle/conjunction relation forms a gradient....
The teaching on postulates in Kant’s lectures on philosophical theory of religion
“Lectures on Poelitz’s philosophical theory of religion” are one of the four surviving manuscripts of Kant’s lectures on rational theology. The Lectures include an introduction, two parts, and an appendix. The introduction contains an overview of the basic questions and problems of rational theology, namely: the concept of theology, arts of natural theology, the idea of highest essence, possible types of arguments for the existent of God and their limitations etc. The first part is called...
A man as a “citizen of two worlds”: The development of Kantian themes by Rosenzweig
This article focuses on Rosenzweig’s major work The Star of Redemption. The author attempts to answer the principal question as to whether Rosenzweig’s thought belongs to the tradition of Kantian philosophy.The author addresses the Rosenzweig’s interpretation of Kant’s concept of freedom as a hermeneutical ...
Immaturity and the objective of a true reform in ways of thinking. Part II
The originality of Kant’s answer to the question of the Enlightenment in a 1784 article consisted not in addressing the words of Horace, but in linking it to the revised legal notion of immaturity, which is now interpreted from the philosophical and theological perspective and has become one of key philosophical notions. However, Kant’s view is fraught with certain complications: firstly, it is dominated by negative characteristics; secondly, unlimited use of one’s understanding can lead to...
The wasted years. Another take on the achievements, problems, and shortcomings of the academic collection of Kant’s works
The possibilities for improvement of the first volumes of the Academic edition of Kant’s works are discussed. The collegiality and deliberativeness of the researchers and institutions, involved in Kantian studies, which allowed for the high quality of early volumes, is absent today. The responsible institutions and publishers do not react to information regarding even the most obvious shortcomings and mistakes that could be easily corrected, while the plans for future reprints are based predominantly...
A new role of cooperation under economic sanctions as seen by residents of the Kaliningrad region
The current economic crisis conditions call for a search for new mechanisms to maintain the population’s well-being. Within this setting, cooperation may be considered a priority form of entrepreneurial activity, enabling the consolidation of financial resources and reducing business costs. This article aims to assess the potential of consumer cooperation in the Kaliningrad region under anti-Russian sanctions. The authors analyse the features of cooperation development within the territory and...
Economic development of Russia’s north-western regions and migration to the St. Petersburg agglomeration
This article aims to analyse the development of Russia’s North-Western Federal District (NWFD) regions between 1998 and 2021, based on data from Rosstat. It focuses on how the territories responded to migration to the St. Petersburg agglomeration in the early 21st century and compares their progress with the cores of the St. Petersburg, Moscow, and Helsinki agglomerations. For building the models, regions with similar development dynamics were divided into four sectors: St. Petersburg, the Leningrad...
Toil, Passion, Serendipity, Money, and Marketing: a Fresh Look at Agents of Translation
...
Lispector, C., 1989.
The Stream of Life
. Translated by E. Lowe and E. Fitz. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Lispector, C., 1989.
Soulstorm
. Translated by A. Levitin. New York: New Directions.
Lispector, C., 1992.
The Hour of the Star
. Translated by G. Pontiero. New York: New Directions.
Lispector, C., 1992.
The Foreign Legion
. Translated by G. Pontiero. New York: New Directions.
Lispector, C., 1996.
Selected Cronicas
. New York: New Directions.
Lispector, C., 2011.
The Hour ...
What Saussure wrote/did not write: A half a century discussion on the anagram theory
This article explores the history of studies into Ferdinand de Saussure’s ideas of anagrams. When Saussure’s notebooks were published in the late 1960s and his drafts in the 1990s, scholars received a wealth of material for in-terpretation going far beyond the initial topic of ancient Indo-European poetry. The paper emphasises the diversity of approaches to Saussure’s ideas — from J. Kristeva’s semiotics to M. Gronas’s mnemotechnical analysis. Over the recent decades, the study of anagrams...
Principles of geological interpretation of the scattered waves field
The basic principles of geological interpretation of the scattered waves field are represented. One the basis of scattered waves sections and map analysis had made the forecast of fracture cavernous reservoirs. These reservoirs are very perspective object for oil deposits exploration. The researchers are based on original prestack migration method — Common Scattering Point, which makes it possible to get two independent time cubes: reflected waves cube and scattered waves cube. The last are generated...
Kant studies in Königsberg: 1784—1949
The article provides, for the first time in the philosophical literature, a general description of the Konigsberg Kant studies as a special local direction in the history of philosophy. Core activities in this direction formed the Society of Kant’s Friends, as well as "archival Kant studies" — the work of collecting, annotating and publishing the manuscript heritage, correspondence and lecture notes Kant. Given the large volume of primary and secondary sources, we propose a variant...
Immaturity and the objective of a true reform in ways of thinking. Part I.
The originality of Kant’s answer to the question of the Enlightenment in a 1784 article consisted not in addressing the words of Horace, which was commonplace in Germany of the time, but in linking it to the revised legal notion of immaturity, which is now interpreted from the philosophical and theological perspective and has become one of key philosophical notions. However, Kant’s view is fraught with certain complications: firstly, it is dominated by negative characteristics; secondly, unlimited...
Priorities for the development of manufacturing industries in the Kaliningrad region
The Kaliningrad region is a socio-economically developed area with a steadily increasing population. Its economy is predominantly influenced by manufacturing industries, whose growth is supported by the region’s strategic geographic position on the Baltic coast and the Special Economic Zone (SEZ) regime. However, the region’s exclave status, which makes it reliant on external factors, hinders its development. Any change in these external factors could necessitate a restructuring of manufacturing...
The border as a barrier and an incentive for the structural economic transformation of the Kaliningrad exclave
This paper aims to study how geopolitical shifts affect regional economies and their structures. Border functions and regimes act as tools for the economy and society to adapt to the redistribution of political influence, movements of people, goods, capital and information between integration associations, individual countries and their cores. A changed environment may slow down the development of some industries (and even cause them to decline) and give a boost to others, with these two processes...
Migration distances in Russia: a demographic profile of migrants
The distance of migration is closely linked to life course events, which are, in turn, marked by age. It serves as a criterion for distinguishing migration from other forms of spatial mobility. This paper aims to calculate the average distance of domestic migrations in Russia between 2011 and 2020, considering various migrant profiles such as sex, age, and type of residential registration. The Euclidean distance between 130,000 geocoded Russian settlements was computed to estimate migration distances...
The dialogue between linguistics and the poetic avant-garde in Russia in the 1920—1930s: experiments with a universal language
... create new international languages while systematizing and building a typology of universal languages. Of particular interest among the Avant-garde concepts is the ‘cosmic language of AO’ by the Gordin brothers, which builds on Khlebnikov’s ‘star language tradition but aims for cognitive and linguo-social changes. The article compares the scientific and poetic universal languages and concludes that there is a pervasive tendency towards linguistic experimentation.
Akhmanova, ...
France’s strategy in the Baltic region: military and political aspects
This article examines the current military-political strategy of France in the Baltic region. This area has not traditionally been among the main priorities of French diplomacy. However, under President Emmanuel Macron, France pays closer attention to the Baltic Sea due to the growing tension between Russia and the West. According to France’s key strategic documents, the government assesses the present-day situation mainly in a negative way, considering Russian actions as the main reason for the...
The ‘Route from the Varangians to the Greeks’: truth or fiction
The ‘route from the Varangians to the Greeks’ is widely known and often mentioned in research, popular science and educational literature. Much less often is it mentioned that the existence of the trade route is seriously doubted and needs additional evidence. The discussion about the actuality of a ‘route from the Varangians to the Greeks’ has intensified in the recent decade; it mostly involves historians who draw on chronicles, archive materials and literary sources. Although relevant...
Dialektik als Logik des Scheins. Zu Kants Lektüre von Michael Piccarts Isagoge
An unrecognised copy (1665) in Kant’s private library of Michael Piccart’s Isagoge (1605), an introduction to the system of Aristotelian philosophy together with Kant’s own remarks on this author (Refl 4160, AA 17, p. 439) can be established as an original source for the Kantian ‘ideosphere’. First, I point out contexts and consequences of Piccart’s Altdorfian Aristotelianism, in contrast to the Königsbergian Aristotelianism (emphasised by Tonelli’s research). To further check the...
On the history of graph theory. Origin
The family tree as an ancient unscientific use of graphs is not always a tree in the mathematical sense and may include cycles. Another ancient unscientific use of graphs is the image of the starry sky:
— just a drawing of stars — a graph without edges;
— asterisms and arrangements of stars of constellations can be both “minimal“ trees and graphs with cycles;
— figures and regions of constellations in the starry sky are hypergraphs.
The authors proposed ...
Global value chains in the age of uncertainty: advantages, vulnerabilities, and ways for enhancing resilience
In this paper, we seek to explain the fundamental vulnerability of global value chains (GVCs) to sudden shocks, as revealed by the COVID-19 pandemic crisis, and outline ways for enhancing their adaptability to the increased uncertainty at both conceptual and policy levels. We consider the concept and a typical multi-structural model of GVCs, highlighting the network complexity of the system of distributed production and trade in value added. Not only does this system bring competitive advantages...
The Legal Regulation of the EU Immigrant Integration Policy
In this article, I consider the legal aspects of the EU policy on the integration of immigrants into the host society. The current EU basic law does not give the Union the power to issue legislative acts aimed at harmonizing national rules for the integration of immigrants. However, in the aftermath of the migrant crisis in Europe, this problem has been receiving increased attention. I systematize legal instruments for immigrant integration, analyse the conditions of the system formation, emphasize...
Modeling of the cathode thermal conditions
This article provides results of the cathode of stationary plasma engine thermal vacuum test with various operating modes simulated, a thermal calculation and the cathode thermal mathematical model verification. Based on the calculations, the cathode thermal model and operating performances were assessed, the most efficient required cathode life time characteristics were selected, which are related to the cathode heater power and operating time with provision of emitter optimal temperature in the...
Forecasting Actions of Baltic elites: A Scenario Approach
This paper provides an overview of different approaches to forecasting the future of the three Baltic States. The author’s theoretical approach to studying Baltic elites is used to forecast changes in the action models of the Baltic elites. The article stresses the scarcity of internal political processes in the Baltics. However, a significant number of scenarios focusing on military aspects in the Baltics have recently been published. The author distinguishes between inertia, confrontation, and...
Sales Modeling in an Investment Project Evaluation
The article deals with the sales part of investment project evaluation calculations. A number of parameters are recommended for taking into consideration, such as start of sales, starting sales volume, planned sales volume, seasonality, prices growth and other. Spreadsheet formulas are presented.
1. Баев Л. А., Литке М. Т. К вопросу о формировании системы критериев оценки и управления инновационным потенциалом...
Numerical solving the problem of detecting of ultraweak diffractors in a complex acoustical medium
Some results of numerical simulating of the problem of detecting of ultraweak diffractors in a complex acoustical medium are represented. The term “ultraweak” here means that the diffractors are not determined by standard depth migration. To solve the problem of detecting we use two procedures: Reverse Time Datuming (RTD) and Common Scattering Point (CSP). The first procedure (RTD) extends (synthetic) wave field from the day surface down to some level that is sufficiently close to diffractors...
Use of results of interpretation of scattered waves on the CSP method at the assessment of resources of the field of hydrocarbons with fracture collectors
Results of an assessment of resources of a field with fracture and cavernous type of a collector are given. The technique of complex interpretation of seismic data on the CSP method is described, allowing to receive such important parameters, as the area of distribution of a fracture collector and its thickness. Importance of exact definition of a form and the size of deposits in carbonates and granites for a correct assessment of potential of a field is proved.
1. Ерохин Г. Н., Кремлев...
Identifying diffractors in complex acoustical media by the CSP-RTD method
The CSP (Sommon Scattering Point) method is used to identify diffrac-tors associated with cavernous fractured reservoirs of hydrocarbons. This method shows the highest efficiency in weakly inhomogeneous media. As to strongly inhomogeneous media, this method can be supplemented by the pre-liminary extension of wave field to a certain depth. To this end, the Reverse Time Datuming (RTD) procedure is used. The results of a numerical study of the joint application of RTD and CSP techniques (CSP-RTD method)...
Efficiency of the CSP technology using in Caspian region (on the example of the North Akkar oilfield)
For the first time in the fields of the Caspian region was used the CSP technology, which makes it possible to extract the scattered waves from the full wave field. One the basis of scattered waves sections and map analysis had made the forecast of fracture cavernous reservoirs in carbonate Triassic sediments of the North Akkar oilfield. Confirmation of the executed forecast allows to recommend this technology for mapping non conventional fracture-cavernous reservoirs on other fields of the Caspian...
Formal Languages and Automata VI:-algebraic systems and transducers
This is the sixth paper of a series of papers that will give a survey on several topics on formal languages and automata by using semirings, formal power series, matrices andxed point theory. The sixth paper of this series deals with the basic results in the theory of !-algebraic systems over quemirings generalizing the classical context-free grammars generating languages overnite and innite words. The presentation of these results is based on continuous starsemiring-omegasemimodule pairs. We...
A major principle of Indo-European poetry or arbitrary etymologising? A review of modern international publications on anagrams in the cultures of Ancient East and Antiquity
This article examines the approaches of modern international scholars to the problem of anagrams in ancient texts. The author addresses the following “problem nodes”: the difficulty of proving the presence of an anagram in each individual case and the ambiguity of the question as to the arbitrary or systematic nature of anagrammatic structures and anagrams’ functions. Solving these problems will contribute to identifying the major avenues of further research on anagrams.
1. Гаты Заратустры...
The political elite recruitment in the Baltic: the role of the ethnic factor
The role of the ethnic factor in political processes in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia has been rather significant since these countries’ independence. The author investigates the assumption that after the completion of major Eurointegration procedures, the ethnic factor — which became especially important in the Baltics after independence — relegated to the periphery of political life. After a period of ‘independence-induced euphoria’ faded, Lithuanian, Latvian, and Estonian power groups...
Evangelical Lutheran church of Denmark: socio-economic and territorial-organisational aspects
The study exemplifies the use of an institutional-territorial approach for a comprehensive description of a national denominational landscape. The article aims to provide such an account by analysing relevant official data and performing statistical processing using computational tools. The focus is on the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Denmark and its administrative-territorial structures. The study places emphasis on the financial aspect, one seldom discussed in academic discourse. The denominational...
Models for countering the segregation of ethnoreligious immigrant areas in Denmark and Sweden
The article explores the immigration and integration strategies of Denmark and Sweden while assessing their efficacy. The two countries, sharing historical, cultural, social and economic similarities, face a common challenge: the formation of ethnoreligious enclaves primarily inhabited by individuals with a Muslim background. Due to the recent European migrant crises, there has been a notable increase in the number of migrants, leading to stricter integration policies in the Scandinavian countries...
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
Since the mid-2010s, Germany has significantly adjusted its approaches to the use of the Bundeswehr, pivoting its strategic focus from regions distant from the Euro-Atlantic community to those within or near it. This has underscored the pressing need to address issues related to securing steadfast allies in Eastern Europe and enhancing cooperation with them. This article aims to explore the current evolution of German-Lithuanian relations in both political and military domains. The approach of...
Sanctions risks and regional development: Russian case
Economic sanctions and countersanctions are expanding worldwide, posing spatially heterogeneous threats to most countries. The study aims to develop and test a methodology for assessing regional exposure to sanctions risks using Russian data. The share of foreign trade with the countries that introduced restrictions can be used to evaluate the exposure to new trade barriers. In several cases, this share exceeded 50 %, necessitating a rapid reorientation of product flows in Nenets, Khanty-Mansiysk...
The Role of the Kantian “Power of Judgment” in the “Nonmodern” Study of Conscious Experience
... Philosophy: Selected Papers]. Moscow: MSU Press. (In Rus.)
Sekatskaya, M. A., 2015. The Study of Consciousness in Philosophy and Cognitive Sciences: Why the Hard Problem of Consciousness Does Not Need to Be Solved. Voprosy filosofii, 4, pp. 185-194. (In Rus.)
Star, S. L. and Griesemer, J. R., 1989. Institutional Ecology, “Translation” and Boundary Objects: Amateurs and Professionals in Berkeley’s Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 1907—1939. Social Studies of Science, 19(3), pp. 387-420.
https://doi.org/10....
Vivos Voco. Post-war Correspondence between Sergey Hessen and Ivan Lapshin: Year 1946
The letters of S. I. Hessen and I. I. Lapshin, two Russian Neo-Kantian philosophers, were written in the early post-war years. These letters bear witness to the later period in the life and work of their authors, a period of hardship, tragic losses and hopes. Both philosophers were deeply embedded in the intellectual landscape of Russian emigration. They were also known and valued by their peers in the countries that gave them refuge, Poland and Czechoslovakia, where they not only published their...
The modern economy of Russia’s Baltic regions in the municipal context
This article analyses the differentiation of municipalities at the municipal and urban district levels in the Kaliningrad and Leningrad regions based on their economic development and the response of their economies to the crises of 2020 and 2022. Emphasis is placed on the possibilities of conducting such assessments by merging Rosstat statistics with publicly available accounting and tax reporting data from the Federal Tax Service. The contribution also assesses the role of small businesses in municipal...
The adaptation of Russian regions’ economies to the rupture of relations with Europe: the case of Baltic Sea ports
Despite the sweeping economic sanctions imposed by Western countries, Russia has managed to avoid a significant recession, experiencing recovery growth. The situation in the regions earlier involved in cooperation with Europe was more complicated. Yet, these territories have also succeeded in reviving their economies and returning to growth. A number of growth areas have emerged in the Russian regions, which continue to develop under sanctions. A prime example of this is Russian seaports. This article...
Three Russian Baltic regions in the context of confrontation between Russia and the West
This study examines the features, limitations and development prospects of three Russian territories bordering the Baltic Sea — St. Petersburg, and the Leningrad, and Kaliningrad region — amid the sharply heightened confrontation between Russia and the West, which has affected the Baltic region. The time frame spanning from 2014 to 2023 was chosen for the study. This period encompasses the sanctions imposed by Western countries and their associations, primarily the EU, in response to the return...
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
The article explores the impact of geopolitical processes on the spatial organisation of society, a matter that has gained increasing importance in Russia. It focuses on the utilization of the World Ocean and its coastlines for resource extraction, logistics, military-strategic purposes, and settlement. Methodologically, this study combines modern socio-geographical approaches emphasising the role of the maritime factor in spatial development with classical geopolitical ideologemes drawing a line...
The specifics of psychological atmosphere within inclusive groups of university students
The description and results of an empirical study conducted within two inclusive student groups at the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University are presented. The instrument used for this research was the “Psychological Atmosphere in the Group Scale” (F. Fiedler’s scale adapted by Yu. L. Khanin) with the inclusion of open-ended questions to assess participants’ attitudes toward inclusion in the university. The study aimed to understand how students evaluate the positive and negative effects...