The sea factor in the federal regulation of Russia’s spatial development: post-Soviet experience and current priorities
... and its spatial organisation, highlighting the problems of spatial socioeconomic development and its governmental regulation. This article examines the theoretical and applied aspects of the incorporation into the national regional policy of the sea factor, understood as a combination of location and resources, which is determined by a country’s jurisdiction over coasts and waters, its maritime activities and coastalisation potential, including the economic, settlement-related and psychological ...
Geography of the mobile internet in the border and interior regions of Russia
..., particularly in connection with the development of mobile network infrastructure. The objective of this research is to offer a comparative evaluation of mobile internet accessibility and technological adoption, considering the impact of the border factor. The distinctive nature of border regions, marked by their frontier status and often peripheral positioning in relation to economic hubs, plays a significant role in a heightened demand for accelerated digital infrastructure deployment within these ...
Polynominativity of geographical objects in the linguocultural context
The article attempts to analyze the linguocultural factors contributing to the phenomenon of polynominativity—multiple names for a single object. This investigation employs toponyms as a case study. The exploration delves into several key factors that give rise to polyonyms: 1) linguosociocultural ...
The geopolitical effect of the maritime factor on the spatial development of post-Soviet Russia: the Baltic case
... on the utilization of the World Ocean and its coastlines for resource extraction, logistics, military-strategic purposes, and settlement. Methodologically, this study combines modern socio-geographical approaches emphasising the role of the maritime factor in spatial development with classical geopolitical ideologemes drawing a line between the land and the sea. It stresses the fundamental possibility for territories, including states, not only to acquire synthetic continental-maritime attributes ...
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
... 44—46].
The aim of this study is to identify the key characteristics that make up the reputation of Russian authorities at the regional level, specifically focusing on regional executive bodies. In doing so, I will take into account socio-economic factors that contribute to the formation of reputation across the regions of the Russian Federation. The ultimate goal is to address a fundamental scientific problem — the development and substantiation of a methodology for studying the concept of the ...
Ergonomics and the translation process
The translation process can be regarded as a complex system involving many agents, organizational factors such as workflow, communication processes, project management, job security, and translator status. Environmental factors in the physical sense (e. g. lighting, temperature, air quality, space) as well in the broader sense of the role of translation ...
Influence of hematopoietic growth factors on the activation status and functional activity of human T-lymphocytes
... glycoprotein HGP92 induces cytokine synthesis in mouse mononuclear phagocytes // Int Immunol. 1995. Vol. 7. P. 1753—1761.
8. Brugger W., Mocklin W., Heirnfeld S. et al. Ex vivo expansion of enriched peripheral blood CD34+ progenitor cells by stem cell factor, interleukin-1a, IL-6, IL-3, interferon-a and erythropoietin // Blood. 1993. Vol. B1. P. 2579.
9. Bunn H. F. New agents that stimulate erythropoiesis // Blood. 2007. Vol. 109 (3).
10. Burgess A. W., Camakaris J., Metcalf D. Purification and properties ...
Sustainable development of coastal regions: geographical and geopolitical factors and limitations
... regional level. Attaining sustainable regional development, understood as a steady progress balanced across the economy, social industries and environmental protection, has been deemed impossible without identifying and considering regional development factors, such as geographical and economic-geographical position, environmental conditions and their geographical diversity, natural resource and their location, spatial features of the economy and the settlement structure. Coastal regions are affected ...
Geopolitical regionalisation of the Baltic area: the essence and historical dynamics
... natural processes, imparts geo-space features to these activities and processes through geo-adaptational relations [3, p. 56—65].
Geo-space self-organisation of society and an aggregate of localised domestic and international historical conditions and factors launch a process of mutual adaptation between society and geo-space. As a result, specific systems of socio-geo-adaptational relations emerge that manifest themselves in the regional self-organisation of society, known as regionalisation. Regionalisation ...
The Visegrad Group and the Baltic Assembly: coalitions within the EU as seen through Russian foreign policy
... geographical proximity.
The article aims to explore the following questions. Does the activity of these sub-alliances open up opportunities for Russia to normalise bilateral relations with their member countries? Is membership in sub-alliances a neutral factor or will it further complicate bilateral relations? Does a possible dialogue with the V4 and BA/BCM have the potential of becoming a backup channel of Russia-EU communication?
Previous research on the topic
International cooperation is developing ...
The coastal factor in spatial development programmes for the municipalities of the Kaliningrad region
The geographical location of the Kaliningrad region calls for the coastal factor to play a greater role in the development of the region. Created in the Soviet period, the backbone of local maritime activities is highly polarized along the coastline of the region. Similarly polarized along the coastline is the settlement system,...
The political elite recruitment in the Baltic: the role of the ethnic factor
The role of the ethnic factor in political processes in Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia has been rather significant since these countries’ independence. The author investigates the assumption that after the completion of major Eurointegration procedures, the ethnic factor ...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... to Russia’s security was now an internal one.<2>
This was a distinct departure from previous doctrines. For example, the military doctrine of 1993 was based on the assumption that the main threat to Russia’s security was posed by external factors, such as local conflicts or territorial claims of foreign countries.
The 1997 concept clearly suggested that the current, relatively benign, international climate afforded Russia the opportunity to direct resources away from the defense sector ...
Features of modern accommodation production of agricultural products in the Russian non-black earth region
... This study focuses on the patterns of change in the location of agricultural production in the Nonblack Soil Zone. Research methodology relies on a combination of statistical analysis methods with heuristic methods (taking into account zonal and azonal factors) based on the use of fundamental works on agricultural zoning. The study has established trends towards a decrease in the role of the Nonblack Soil Zone in the all-Russian production of crop products and towards its growth for livestock products....
Analysis of contextual mental health factors in adolescent girls and women of fertile age
The aim of the article is to analyze the level and frequency of the psychopathology prevalence (stress-related disorders) in adolescent girls and women of fertile age and to identify the relationship with contextual factors that adversely affect health.
The research found that the most important contextual factors affecting psychological health and the prevalence of psychopathologies in adolescent girls and women of fertile age are family environment, the lack ...
The Battle of Tannenberg: subjective factors
Analyzing the military and political consequences of the Great War it is essential to study the process of decision-making. Along with objective factors, various subjective factors were also important. Later subjective factors turned to be hidden from the researcher’s eye, being ignored by propaganda. However, it neither diminishes their significance, nor proves their non-existence. Basing on ...
The social phenomenon of pilfers at factory No. 820 in the first post-war years (1946—1953)
Based on documents of the State Archive of the Kaliningrad region that were not previously used for scientific purposes, this article attempts to examine the specific Soviet social phenomenon of factory pilfers and identify the reasons behind its development, as well as its extents at factory No. 820 (today, the Yantar factory). The author presents the facts of petty thefts at the factory and analyses corresponding punishments and the management’s attitude towards pilfers.
1. Беляков...
Key factors of the spatial organisation of small businesses
... article describes the conditions, resources, and prerequisites necessary for the efficient functioning of small businesses. Based on the theoretical propositions and practical results of productive forces distribution, the authors identify groups of factors of spatial organization of small businesses: national and supranational level, regional level, location, and the entrepreneur. A sequential analysis of the main factors of the small business deployment showed that taking into account all the factors ...
Competitiveness of the region: content, factors, policies
The article describes a framework conception of regional competitiveness. The notion of regional competitiveness as well as approaches to the classification of competitiveness factors are considered in detail. The author elaborates a set of indicators of regional competitiveness. The article also dis-cusses three groups of factors which can influence the competitiveness of any region.
1.
Алчян А. А., Демсетц ...
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
... issues related to securing steadfast allies in Eastern Europe and enhancing cooperation with them. This article aims to explore the current evolution of German-Lithuanian relations in both political and military domains. The approach of Germany to the factor of historical memory is demonstrated, along with its aspiration to position itself as the defender of Lithuanian national sovereignty. Yet, there was a notable lack of strategic focus from Germany towards Lithuania in the early 21st century, contributing ...
The border as a barrier and an incentive for the structural economic transformation of the Kaliningrad exclave
... barrier: now Kaliningraders needed a visa and an international passport to visit the neighbouring country. As early as 2003, the number of crossings of the Russian—Polish border dropped by 20 % compared to 2002; in 2009, the decline was already by a factor of three [26]. Yet, the new metamorphosis of the borders did not lead to any crisis phenomena in the regional economy. On the contrary, from 1999, Kaliningrad’s GRP was growing at a rate above the national average, and the margin by which the ...
Spatial differentiation of rural territories in the Kaliningrad region: implications for socio-economic policies
... region have demonstrated that its rural areas undergo processes similar to those observed in most other regions of Central Russia. However, the intensity of these processes and some other aspects are region-specific due to the interaction of various factors, including natural, historical, economic, social, demographic, and even (due to the enclave status of the region) foreign policy factors.
This study aims to identify territorial differences in agriculture, settlement patterns, and population in ...
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
... Denmark’s value-driven militarised foreign political activism in the post-Cold War era is thus not only pragmatic but also ideological as it seeks to promote liberal values, democracy and human rights under American leadership. The article concludes that factoring in status and reputation in strategic culture studies may complement the explanations of security community formation, alliance strategies and the dynamics behind relations within different types of alliances.
Introduction. Expert discussion ...
Geoecological aspects of various types of archaeological sites in the North-West of the Russian Plain
The study of geo-ecological factors allows not only to determine the nature of human economic activities but also reveals natural influences affecting the placement of archaeological objects in the past. Special attention is given to «Stone piles» («Lappish cairns») — stone ...
Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
... geographical proximity to the eastern border of Poland, the Podlaskie and Subcarpathian voivodeships in the PL8 “Makroregion wschodni” exhibit notable differences in various aspects. These differences encompass nature, demography, and economy, among other factors. The natural environment, including landscapes, climate, and ecological features, can vary significantly between the two regions. Additionally, demographic characteristics such as population size, composition, and migration patterns can differ ...
Migration distances in Russia: a demographic profile of migrants
... prefer to remain near their families, friends and social contacts, being unwilling to lose the benefits of access to familiar public spaces and the social capital that they have accumulated, probably over a long period [2]. Amongst other significant factors are psychological considerations [3], attachment to the neighbourhood [4], and weaker awareness of distant territories than neighbouring areas [5], [6].
Of some importance, albeit lesser than that of potential economic gains, is the financial ...
Geopolitical Security of Russia: Remarks on the Problem Statement
... considered in conjunction with security ones [17], [18]. Modern research in Russia devotes close attention to this area [19], [20], [21].
Taking into account the above definitions of geopolitics, geopolitical security can be defined as a state (a set of factors, processes and their consequences) in which a particular country can steadily and effectively, in cooperation with other (sometimes competitive) centres of power, control a territory (and equip it, develop, use its communicative, resource, military-strategic ...
The spread of the COVID-19 infection in Russia’s Baltic macro-region: internal differences
... flows dichotomy, Russia’s Baltic regions can be divided into three spaces: 1) St. Petersburg, the Leningrad and Kaliningrad regions (dominated by spaces of flows; highly permeable space); 2) the Republic of Karelia and the Murmansk region (the key factors are rotational employment and the introduction of the virus from without); 3) the Novgorod and Pskov regions (lowly permeable spaces of places; the central role of local foci of the disease). The principal risk factor for the space of flows is ...
The two-party tendency in Poland’s political system: manifestations, causes and prospects
... distribution of seats in the Sejm (the main criterion) but also many other quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the political system contribute to the development of the current political trend. The main goal of this article is to identify the factors that have led to the emergence and development of the tendency and assess the prospects of its further evolution, considering that both leading parties face multiple difficulties. The article concludes by pointing out that Poland is unlikely to ...
Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
... rural settlements was developed and has been tested by the State Agency for Regional Development of Latvia since 2013. The data collected were then analysed taking into account the geographical location of small towns. The research showed that the main factors influencing the development of small towns are the level of business activity and the role of local authorities in the provision of public funding. The article describes prospects for the polycentric development of small towns and analyses the ...
The Republic of Belarus and the Kaliningrad region of Russia as a sub-regional security complex
... in the field of international relations speak of, is an indisputable thing. Although the development of military technology, the format of globalization, a critical attitude towards classical geopolitics have led to an underestimation of the spatial factor, regionalisation has once again proved that it is an integral part of globalisation and its alter ego. At the beginning of the third decade of the 21st century, political developments in Europe are closely connected with military security. Although ...
Legal regulation of activities in the Arctic in the context of sanctions
The article explores the sanction factor impact on the legislative framework regulating Russian and European joint economic activities in the Arctic. The fundamental documents on the joint projects with the European Union get analyzed in the context of the sanction factor. The paper ...
Liver shear wave elastography: the problem of accuracy and reproducibility
The article reviews the influence of various factors on the accuracy and reproducibility of liver stiffness measurements using shear wave elastography (SWE), as well as on the reliability of judgments about the norm and pathology. The tasks included analyzing the factors affecting the accuracy ...
Socio-psychological factors provoking aggression in adolescents
The article considers a wide range of socio-psychological factors leading to aggression of various degrees among adolescents. This research aims to study and compare the degree of aggression caused by socio-psychological factors among adolescents aged 12—16. The study group included 109 teenagers of 12—16 ...
Platform Markets: Their Place in the Theory of Mesoeconomic System: Development and a Challenge to Spatial Studies
Over the past three decades, researchers across different disciplines have paid close attention to the development of platform markets — an emergent long-term trend in economic policy. I consider platform markets as institutional and technological systems. Platforms create systems of rules and mechanisms that stimulate agents to adopt, maintain, and improve standards disseminated by the most successful platforms. Similarly to economic zones and clusters, platform markets are two-factor mesoeconomic...
The secret of Moritzfelde
Based on documents of the State Archive of the Kaliningrad region that were not previously used for scientific purposes, this article attempts to examine the specific Soviet social phenomenon of factory pilfers and identify the reasons behind its development, as well as its extents at factory No. 820 (today, the Yantar factory). The author presents the facts of petty thefts at the factory and analyses corresponding punishments and the management’s attitude towards pilfers.
1. Беляков...
The factors and pedagogical conditions for the development of general cultural competences of cadets in the current educational process at a military university
... vectors of human activities in a knowledge society, the author thoroughly analyses the current educational process at a military university in view of its contribution to the general cultural development of cadets. The author attempts to analyse the factors facilitating and inhibiting the development of general cultural competences in cadets, as well as to identify the pedagogical conditions for the development of cadet’s general cultural competences in the current educational process of a military ...
The impact of innovative factors on the development of Russian regions
This article explores the influence of innovative factors on the gross regional product. The following statistic indicators are chosen as factors: the volume of innovative goods, works and services and expenditure on technological innovations. The calculations are performed through the method of correlation ...
Factors and risks of modern ecionomic dynamics: post-crisis tendencies in Russia
Russian economy is overcoming the crisis; its further restoration and growth depend on different factors: abrupt and not always predictable changes in the world economic situation, dynamics and fluctuations of oil prices, inflow and outflow of capital from financial markets, and other external economic and political factors. However, there is increasing ...
The factors affecting the development of the South-eastern Baltic tourism and recreation region
The territories of Vistula and Curonian lagoons, centrally located in the cross-border region, have numerous remarkable nature sites as well as monuments of history and culture. The article analyses the internal and external factors affecting the development of the Russian segment of the transborder "Southeastern Baltic" tourism and recreation region.
1. Cybin, Ju. A. 2004. Shema ohrany prirody Kaliningradskoj oblasti. M-vo prirod.resursov RF, Federal'naja sluzhba ...
University performance and regional development: the case of Russia’s North-West
... labour force, the number of students per 1,000 population, etc. The estimations of the human capital’s contribution to regional development vary from 10 % [2] to 26 % [3], which validates the importance of higher education underpinning the need to factor it in when making managerial decisions on regional development.
Recently, there has been a wide-ranged discussion around the university ceasing to be exclusively a regional educational and research centre. Universities are increasingly tasked with ...
Models for countering the segregation of ethnoreligious immigrant areas in Denmark and Sweden
... and Iraq).<9> The Muslim migration background of a significant part of the population of Denmark and Sweden had a significant impact on the formation of civic identity. At the same time, a number of socio-economic, religious and value-cultural factors hinder the effective integration of residents of ethnic enclaves, which are predominantly represented by immigrants with “Muslim background”.
Despite the cultural and historical commonality and the similarity of models of socio-economic development,...
Current status of the Eastern Baltic cod population Gadus morhua callarias Linnaeus, 1758
... 1990s, resulting from a reduction in the frequency of large North Sea inflows, led to a decrease in salinity and oxygen levels in the bottom layers of the deep basins of the Baltic Sea. This caused a sharp deterioration in the spawning conditions. Factors influencing the Eastern Baltic cod population and changes in the population under the influence of these factors are described. The decisive impact of North Sea inflows and their prolonged absence on the population's development, the influence ...
International political status of an observer state to the EAEU: problems and prospects of institutionalization
... international-political usefulness of the observer state status and the problems of its actual implementation. A comparison is made between the positioning of Moldova, Cuba, and Uzbekistan as observer states within the EAEU. Special attention is given to ranking the factors hindering and promoting the effective implementation of this specific international-political status. The conclusion is substantiated that among the hindering factors are the weakness of the national economy and domestic political instability,...
The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region
... achieve this aim, elements of the retrospective method are used, necessary to understand the motives for the decisions taken by Finland and Sweden, as well as studying the role of the main external players (primarily the United States). Likewise, the key factors shaping the challenges and threats that Russia faces in light of these events are analyzed. Finally, possible scenarios for the development of the situation and Russia’s reaction are built.
The study draws on a wide range of Russian and foreign ...
Comparative analysis of the territorial support frame of settlement in coastal areas: the case of St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad regions
... socioeconomic or political context. According to Aleksandr Druzhinin, the “gravitation to the sea” phenomenon, which encompasses the economic and population trends, along with related institutional, economic, socio-cultural, and spatial planning factors and impacts, serves as the primary indicator and fundamental characteristic of coastal zones or regions [1, p. 28]. He writes that, in Russia, only 23 regions have an outlet to the sea, accounting for 60 % of the country’s territory and 24.2 ...
A typology of the Baltic region states according to excellence in science and technology
... selection of these patterns will depend on the authors’ interests in various aspects and subtleties of the subject.
Russian authors are mainly focused on the governmental role in scientific and technological development, describing it as a crucial factor [2], [3] or, at the very least, not insignificant [4]. In fact, the state is primarily responsible for promoting scientific and technological progress in Russia, as it is considered to be lagging behind leading countries due to an economy that ...
Internet diffusion and interregional digital divide in Russia: trends, factors, and the influence of the pandemic
.... Leading regions have an impact on their neighbours through spatial diffusion. Econometrically, access to the Internet depends on income, the average age and level of education, and its use depends on the business climate and Internet accessibility factors. Regional markets are gradually getting more saturated with digital services and technologies. The difference between regions in terms of access to the Internet is twofold, whereas, in terms of digital technology use, the gap is manifold. In many ...
Regional trends in electoral support for Latvian parties: the neighbourhood effect
... al. (eds.) The Routledge Handbook of Elections, Voting Behavior and Public Opinion, Routledge, p. 383—400. doi:
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315712390
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15. Turovskii, R. F. 1996, Political Stratification of Russian Regions (History and Formation Factors), Partiino-politicheskie elity i elektoral’nye protsessy v Rossii. Kruglyi stol biznesa Rossii. Analiticheskie obozreniia Tsentra kompleksnykh sotsial’nykh issledovanii i marketinga. Seriia: politologiia [Party and Political Elites and Electoral ...
The marine component of human geography studies in Post-Soviet Russia: key trends and development priorities
... branch was a product of the rapid growth of the marine economy and the country’s military infrastructure and settlement system starting to gravitate towards the world ocean. This article uses bibliographical and scientometric materials to explore the factors, features and priorities of the development of Russian post-Soviet human geography of the world ocean. Special attention is paid to the path dependence in the evolution of this branch of geography (associated with the established professional ...