Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
... the direction of daily activities and allow us to comprehend, evaluate, and organize daily activities in time and space [11, p. 1—2]. It is essential to shift the research focus from analysing actors to a deeper understanding of their interests and choice preferences. The legitimization of actions is associated with justifying one’s own choices and behaviour in the eyes of other individuals and the public [13, p. 126]. Irhin argues that the neo-institutional approach enables a comprehensive examination ...
The effect of taxation of profit and valude aaded on the choice bet-ween short- and long-lived machinery
This article addresses the choice between long- and short-lived equipment. The author considers the impact of taxation on this choice. The main choice parameters and the comparative effect of taxation are identified.
1. Брейли Р., Майерс С. Принципы корпоративных ...
The institutional aspects of the discrete investment choice at a regional level (through the example of the SEZ in the Kaliningrad region)
This article considers the institutional aspects of discrete investment choice at the regional level through the example of the SEZ in the Kaliningrad region. The authors analysed the changes of the institution of SEZ throughout the latter's existence as well as the conditions of the economic agent activity within the SEZ....
Military and political cooperation between Germany and Lithuania in the late 2010s to early 2020s
... Baltic states plus Germany) of foreign ministers’ meetings was established. These negotiations were intended to be held annually, signifying Germany’s commitment not to overlook the security concerns of Lithuania and the other Baltic republics. The choice of the date, August 23, 1994, holds additional significance. It fell before the completion of the withdrawal of Soviet troops from Latvia, Estonia, and the new territories of Germany (the former German Democratic Republic) by September 1, 1994,...
Reputation and status in Denmark’s strategic culture
... small states’ security, Nikolai Kaveshnikov writes in a similar vein that the position of these countries has historically been governed by ‘the impossibility to ensure their security’ due to the scarcity of resources. Therefore, they face the choice between three principal behaviour strategies: 1) finding equilibrium amongst powers; 2) seeking security guarantees, defence mechanisms or protectorate status from a great power; 3) increasing the cost of gaining and retaining control of their ...
The impact of the food embargo on consumer preferences and cross-border practices in the Kaliningrad region
... and reduced competition in the domestic market [7], [8]. Household incomes were also decreasing. Thus there was a shift in consumption to less expensive, often low-quality, goods [7].
Another effect felt by the consumers was an increasingly limited choice [9]. Over the years, it extended but transformed profoundly. New and many “old” domestic producers came into the market, the range of products imported from not embargoed countries expanded, and the available range of elite and dietary products ...
1+1-Dimensional Yang — Mills Equations and Mass via Quasiclassical Correction to Action
Two-dimensional Yang — Mills models in a pseudo-euclidean space are considered from a point of view of a class of nonlinear Klein — Gordon — Fock equations. It is shown that the Nahm reduction does not work, another, novel choice is proposed and investigated. A quasiclassical quantization of the models is based on Feynmann — Maslov path integral construction and its zeta function representation in terms of a Green function diagonal for an auxiliary heat equation with ...
Three Russian Baltic regions in the context of confrontation between Russia and the West
... Europe or the United States, its isolation could be inevitable for a generation or more [23].
As Bordachev notes, “for Russia, none of the geographical directions of its external relations is a question of survival, a necessity, but always remains a choice.” He believes, and one might concur, that Russia evaluates any foreign policy partnership based on the benefits of this choice, not as a matter of vital necessity for developing relations with a specific partner [24]. This approach opens up opportunities ...
Expansionism in Poland’s strategic culture: historical retrospective and variations
...
Building on the works of Alastair Johnston and my earlier research, I propose a classification of the ideal types of strategic cultures. I consider strategic preferences as the decisive criterion, which includes both permanent preferences (such as the choice between coercion or cooperation) and preferences that may change in response to the volatile environment. These preferences reflect the desire to either maintain or alter the status quo. Another major factor is the ability to act upon these preferences,...
Regional trends in electoral support for Latvian parties: the neighbourhood effect
... S., Rokkan, M. 1967, Cleavage structures, party system, and voter alignments: An introduction, Party system and voter alignments, N. Y., p. 27—45.
14. Johnston, R., Pattie, Ch. 2017, Local context, social networks and neighborhood effects on voter choice. In: Fisher, J. et al. (eds.) The Routledge Handbook of Elections, Voting Behavior and Public Opinion, Routledge, p. 383—400. doi:
https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315712390
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15. Turovskii, R. F. 1996, Political Stratification of Russian Regions ...
Narrative in structure of genre: A.I. Kuprin’s “Four beggars” ..... 15 Babenko N.G., Koreshkova E.K. Functional analysis of the linguistic reflection in Evgeny Vodolazkin’s “Justification of the Island”
... attention on the role of the category of chance in the fate of the hero, thus establishing an analogy of events in his life with gambling, which can have any outcome. The genre structure of the novel is formed by the personality of the hero and his free choice in the coordinates of the most incredible circumstances, and the interest in the category of choice in the syncretic genre structure is largely determined by the specific historical conditions of the literary process.
Kuznetsova A.V.
genre,...
Shore ground monitoring methodology
.... The combination of a number of different profiles allows one to obtain speed and direction quantitative characteristics of the coastal processes at a particular morphodynamic site over a specific time interval. It is important to have a reasonable choice of a marker, i. e. an element of the relief, the change in position of which makes it possible to obtain the magnitude of deformations of the shore as a whole or its individual forms. The choice of marker depends on the purpose of the study. The ...
The philosophical and legal content of Sergey Hessen’s concept of personality
... culture — civilizedness, level of education, and civic virtue. He stressed that the personality and culture existed in a dialectical relationship. Hessen emphasised the primacy of personal freedom and the need to distinguish between freedom and power of choice. Acts of choice are random and unpredictable — they do not have a solid foundation, whereas acts of freedom are a prerequisite for creativity — an integral characteristic of personality. The creative essence of personality suggests individuality ...
Geo-demographic typology of municipalities of the Kaliningrad region
.... The city: Suggestions for investigation of human behavior in the urban environment. Chicago, 1925.
4. Shevky E., Williams M. The social areas of Los Angeles. Berkeley, 1949.
5. Harris R., Johnston R., Burgess S. Neighborhoods, Ethnicity and School Choice: Developing a Statistical Framework for Geodemographic Analysis // Popul Res Policy Rev. 2007. № 26. Р. 553—579.
6. Федоров Г. М. Об актуальных направлениях геодемографических исследований ...
Implications of J. L. Holland’s theory: applicability of RIASEC structure and assessment to English language teachers of the Kaliningrad region
....психодиагностических методик. М., 2004.
7. Atanasoff L., Rayman J. Holland’s Theory and Career Intervention: The Power of the Hexagon // Journal of Vocational Behavior. 1999. Vol. 55. С. 23—44.
8. Brown D. Status of theories of career choice and development // Career choice and development: applying contemporary theories to practice. San Francisco, 2002.
P. 510—515.
9. Bullock E., Lindsay A., Braud J. Reardon R. Holland’s Theory in international context : applicability of RIASEC ...
On endogenous and exogenous factors of Russian modernization
This paper considers the dynamics of different scientific opinions on the correlation between endogenous and exogenous factors in the choice of national modernization model. The authors formulate the question about the urgency of searching for the optimum in the choice between general and unique features for the construction of a more efficient modernization model.
1.
Алексеев ...
The image of Svyatopolk in the Tale of Boris and Gleb: predestination or freedom of choice?
... культуре : в 2 т. М.,1995—1998. Т. 1 : Начало христианства на Руси.
5. Федотов Г. П. Святые Древней Руси. М., 1990.
Dorofeeva L.
hagiography, anthropology, image, will, freedom of choice
108-111
Исследования современного маркетинга: вехи пути
.... 600—609.
2. Bemmaor A. C., Wagner U. A Multiple-Item Model of Paired Comparisons —Separating Chance from Latent Preference // Journal of Marketing Research. 2000.37 (4). S. 514—524.
3. Wagner U., Taudes A. A Multivariate Polya Model of Brand Choice and Purchase Incidence // Marketing Science. 1986. 5 (3). S. 219—244.
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Brand Choice Processes // Journal of Marketing Research. 1985. 22 (2).S. 218—219.
5. ...
Cognitive-semantic modelling of the metaphoric choice devices
... структура, историческая эволюция. М., 2000.
9.
Войтов А.
Г.
История и философия науки. М., 2005.
Pankratova S. A.
association, cognitive model, critical rationalism, metaphoric
choice, metaphor.
36-40
10.5922/2223-2095-2009-2-6
The features of choosing an institutional development trajectory in Eastern Europe in the 16th—17th centuries: Moscovy and the Polish — Lithuanian Commonwealth
Recent decades have witnessed an increase in the number of works dedicated to the analysis of effects of historical events on the choice of institutions and further economic and social development of regions. This article employs the new institutional economic theory approach to consider the choices regarding title to land and serfdom in Moscovy and the Polish — Lithuanian Commonwealth ...
Negative externalities and sustainability of energy sector
... internalization of the negative externalities are reviewed from the viewpoint of principles of environmental economics and sustainable development.
1.
Arrow K. J. (1970). The organization of economic activity: issues pertinent to the choice of market versus nonmarket allocation. / In: Public expenditures and policy analysis.
Chicago.
2.
Baarsma, B.; Lambooy, E. (2005). Valuation of externalities through neo-classical methods by including institutional variables. ...
Geopolitical regionalisation of the Baltic area: the essence and historical dynamics
... calculations [16, p. 12]. The entire zone surrounding the sea can be seen as one dimension of the Baltic region. This approach should not be classified as physiographical, as some authors suggest: one side of this zone is comprised of the coast, and the choice of 50 km as its width is conventional and based on the intensity of economic activities.
As we move away from the physiographical framework, delineating the boundaries of the Baltic region becomes increasingly complex. Historical, economic, cultural,...
University performance and regional development: the case of Russia’s North-West
... district are an area of active international cooperation, a transport and logistics hub, and a centre for developing high-tech industries. Therefore, the district holds a special place in the spatial organization of higher education [1] determining the choice of its regions for the study.
Table 1 shows the change in the education’s contribution to the GRP in the NWFD regions. Based on the data, its proportion fluctuated between 2.2 % and 4.4 % in 2015, whereas in 2021, it varied between 1.9 % and ...
The Problem of the Possibility of an Artificial Moral Agent in the Context of Kant’s Practical Philosophy
... and moral law, moral understanding and sense of duty. It is concluded that, first, AMA not only cannot be moral, but should not be that, since the inclusion of any moral principle would imply the necessity for the individual to choose it, making the choice of the principle itself immoral. Second, although AI has no will as such, which prima facie makes not only moral but also legal action impossible, it can still act legally in the sense of conforming to legal law, since AI carries a quasi-human ...
The modern economy of Russia’s Baltic regions in the municipal context
... region. Therefore, there are statistics on the settlements available, which allows researchers to conduct larger-scale studies (there are papers on settlements in the Leningrad region [13], [14]), although some difficulties still arise (see below).
The choice of the object of research on municipalities is significantly influenced by the availability of statistical data, which is determined by the relative simplicity of data collection and the importance of developing specific sectors of the economy....
Knowledge and innovation dynamics of the Northwest Russia under geopolitical changes
... the scientific and innovative dynamics of regional development in Northwest Russia in the context of geopolitical changes.
The research object is the regions of the Russian Northwestern Federal District, commonly referred to as Northwest Russia. This choice is determined by their significant role in the innovative development of the country, territorial proximity to the EU countries and associated higher geopolitical pressure. The St. Petersburg-Pribaltic region, characterized by advanced industry ...
The Accession of Finland and Sweden to NATO: Geopolitical implications for Russia’s position in the Baltic Sea region
... rather a political and psychological factor. In the political communities in Finland and Sweden, a prevailing desire is to downplay the danger that their accession to NATO poses for Russia, and to place all the blame for the respective geopolitical choices of Helsinki and Stockholm on Moscow itself. For instance, the well-known Finnish diplomat, former ambassador of Finland to the Russian Federation and Germany René Nyberg believes that in the context of miscalculations made by Moscow during its ...
Education in orthodox comprehensive schools in modern Russia: the issue of choosing methodological principles of research
... and theory of Orthodox education. The accumulated experience in Orthodox general education schools over the past decades needs to be explored, revealing its content and characteristics of the corresponding educational systems. This justifies the choice of the subject of the study — education in Orthodox comprehensive education schools—as well as the theme of the article, which aims to substantiate the methodological principles in researching the mentioned phenomenon. The possibility of ...
Modern trends in paradiplomacy: a case of Russian-Finnish regional cooperation
... bottom-up (through particular cross-border cooperation projects, universities’ programmes, and curricula) helped us to analyze in complexity the phenomenon of Russian-Finnish paradiplomacy.
Criteria for case selection. The case study implies a careful choice of case parameters. Based on the case study methodology proposed by Yin [23], the cases for the study were selected according to the criteria we defined: time frame, participants, place and process (table 1).
Criteria for selecting cases for analysis
...
The Swedish institute’s scholarship policy as a soft power instrument
... Sweden’s innovative business practices, alongside an optimal balance between work or study and personal life. Moreover, the SI emphasizes Swedes’ readiness for collaborative work and cooperation, coupled with a deep respect for personal space, individual choices, and the principle of equal opportunities, as key attributes of the Swedish social fabric. Of paramount importance, according to the SI, is Sweden’s openness to diverse cultures, including its willingness to immerse incoming foreign students ...
Artificial Intelligence: a catalyst for entrepreneurship education in the Baltics
... countries, perceive the regulatory framework for conducting business as a significant hindrance to entrepreneurial pursuits. Recognizing the factors that impact entrepreneurial learning, as well as the micro and macro factors influencing the career choices and intentions of young individuals, holds the potential to inform public policy enhancements within the domains of both general and vocational education. Such improvements aim to bolster the effectiveness of entrepreneurship education and promote ...
Information and propaganda strategies in German non-state media discourse during the COVID-19 pandemic
... individuals adapt to unfamiliar or challenging circumstances. However, knowledge disseminated through education is independent of one’s interests. Education does not force opinions and does not control the implementation of imposed attitudes; it provides a choice and may even retreat if the ideas and attitudes being broadcast are not accepted. Within the framework of education, various forms of communication are available, including interactive methods like discussions and debates. The key element in education ...
On multiple semiotics integrally, aspectively and concretely
... are now discovering the basic mechanisms of meaning making. In: T.
Bennett and S. Rattasepp, eds.
Gatherings
in biosemiotics
, Tartu, pp. 11—24.
Kull, K., 2021. Natural selection and self-organization do not make meaning, while the agent’s choice does.
Biosemiotics
, 14, pp. 49—53
,
https://doi.org/
10.1007/
s12304-021-09422-2.
Kull, K., 2022. The aim of extended synthesis is to include semiosis.
Theoretical Biology Forum
, 115 (1—2), pp. 119—132,
https://doi.org/
10.19272/202211402008....
Forensic aspects of cyberbullying as a form of destructive behavior on the Internet
... of bullying are incurred by very limited control in the digital space, first of all social networks due to anonymity of their users. The article proposes some measures to optimize the forensic prevention of crimes committed through cyberbullying. The choice of specific preventive measures should be conditioned by: materials of the criminal case; circumstances prevailing at the time of the decision to implement preventive measures; peculiarities of the personality of the juvenile and other factors....
The Visegrad Group and the Baltic Assembly: coalitions within the EU as seen through Russian foreign policy
... the European problems after joining the EU (January 1, 2004) and they have been actively participating in the process of fragmentation of the European Union. Each country has its own reasons, therefore, requires individual studies for each case.
The choice of the Visegrad group and the BA/BCM as the objects of study is not accidental since these associations are, in a way, the consequences of the demise of the Soviet Union and the socialist system in Europe. In this regard, it is necessary to understand ...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... what drives national preferences, bargaining strategies and the nature of international institutions and regimes that emerge as an outcome of such a multicausal process. Regional and global integration is understood by the LIGA as a series of rational choices by national leaders. These choices respond to constraints and opportunities stemming from the socio-economic, political and cultural interests of powerful domestic constituents, the relative power of states deriving from asymmetrical interdependence,...
Current trends in the development of a green finance system: methodology and practice
The concept of green growth and sustainable development is turning into a global ideology guiding the transformation of national economies. The focus is shifting from quantitative assessments of performance to rational choice conditions. Rationality is becoming the decisive factor behind sustainable green growth, and a change in the financial model that supports such growth may be needed. Therefore, the most urgent problems relating to sustainable growth are the transformation ...
The European Union Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region and accomplishments
... infrastructure, operational programmes, as well as the private sector. Political stabilisation and economic development may transform, in a longer time span, the emerging transnational Baltic Europe into a new economic and cultural European centre. The choice of research methodology applied in the study derives from the nature of collected data, i.e. literature regarding scientific accomplishments in the Baltic cooperation, analysis of working documents and reports drawn up by public institutions, the ...
Application of spatial analysis of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19 (the case of the Pskov region)
... the new coronavirus COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, set large-scale tasks for creating and improving mathematical and information technologies that operate spatial data in statistical analysis and forecasting. The regional level is seen as a suitable choice for spatial analysis of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality due to the availability of statistics, as well as data on geographical patterns, characteristics of the distribution space (population density, concentration in one city, density of the transport ...
Evaluating the efficiency of the research sector in Russian regions: a dynamic data envelopment analysis
... strength of DEA is the possibility to include in the analysis several outputs varying in scale and units of measurement. This makes the method universal: the selection of study objects (for instance, regions) determines the disciplinary area, and the choice of resources and results (for example, research) determines the subject area of the analysis.
This study aims to create a new type of ranking for regional research, using dynamic DEA as a comparative efficiency assessment method.
DEA has gained ...
France’s strategy in the Baltic region: military and political aspects
... NATO. According to many researchers, after the expansions to the East in the late 1990s — early 2000s, the trend of distancing from Russia as a way of internal consolidation got noticeable in both organisations [6, p. 178]. For Obichkina, “this choice contradicted the traditional geostrategy of the Fifth Republic, but France, not sharing it, did not actively resist it respecting the desire of the former socialist countries to break with the Soviet past” [6, p. 178]. As a result, Paris has ...
Changes in the structure and geography of tourist flows during the COVID-19 pandemic
..., Kymenlaakso, South and North Karelia. The second one comprises regions with a significant proportion of winter arrivals, all of them boasting major ski resorts. These are Finland’s Lapland, Sweden’s Dalarna and Russia’s Murmansk region. This choice is predicated on two factors. Firstly, the inbound tourism flows did not change much between January and March, with the decline beginning in the latter month, and a winter lockdown was imposed in 2021, making inbound tourism virtually impossible....
Territorial structure of inbound and domestic tourism in the Baltic States
... Estonia<10>, Latvia<11> and Lithuania<12> (2 points awarded for a World Heritage site; 1 for a contender; if there are several such objects, the points are summed).
— It is worth noting that tourism statistics impose a limitation on the choice of the study period and groups of indicators: new methods for statistical data collection and indicator calculation were adopted before the countries acceded to the EU and in their first years as member states. But for the study to be fully comprehensive,...
Estonian ‘Balticness’ as a social construct: meanings and contextual specifics
... methodology of content analysis.
Methodology
This work applies content analysis to official statements made by the presidents, prime ministers and ministers of foreign affairs of the Republic of Estonia between 1 March 2011 and 1 March 2021.<15> This choice was informed by the consideration that the politicians holding these offices convey the nuances of Estonian regional identity, on the one hand, and construct it in their capacity of agents, on the other.<16> Their official statements are ...
The two-party tendency in Poland’s political system: manifestations, causes and prospects
... into a zero sum game: what is good for PiS is bad for PO and vice versa. In the shadow of these two parties (and to some extent in their orbit), there are other less influential political forces, which, however, do not unduly affect the agenda. The choice between PiS and PO is the central issue of Polish politics and the main factor in political self-identification for the majority of voters; it largely determines the tenor of public and political debate. The parties have diverged even more widely: ...
Refugees from Syria and Iraq in Sweden: resettlement during the migration crisis
... Shvetsii posle Vtoroi mirovoi voiny [Is it possible to become a Sweden? Immigrant Adaptation and Integration Policy in Sweden after World War II], vol. 2, Moscow, KRASAND (in Russ.).
8. Zorlu, A., Mulder, C. H. 2008, Initial and Subsequent Location Choices of Immigrants to the Netherlands, Regional Studies, vol. 42, № 2, p. 245—264,
https://doi.org/10.1080/00343400601145210
.
9. Van der Bracht, K., Van de Putte, B., Verhaeghe, P.-P., Van Kerckem, K. 2014, Ethnic Diversity in Belgium: Old and ...
The image of Kaliningrad in the perception of university students
... picture of any individual. The research aims to study the peculiarities of perception and verbal representation of the image of Kaliningrad by the students of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University. The objectives of the research determined the choice of a comprehensive methodology, which included the method of unfinished sentences, as well as the methods of interpretation and modelling. As a result of this research, four interrelated constituents of the image of Kaliningrad were determined ...
Politics of urban identity in the cultural heritage discourse of St. Petersburg: media analysi
... configuration of the system determines the characteristics of the reassembly carried out.
The articulation of interests, goals and values of actors leads to a clearer distribution in a theoretical perspective, authentic identification and a conscious choice of practices and policies in the construction of urban identity.
Sosnovskaya A.M.
discourse, dispositives, media, discursive strategies, reassembly, identity
68-83
Immigration policy and integration of migrants in the Kingdom of Denmark at the beginning of the XXI century
... Jørgensen, M. B. 2014, Decentralizing immigrant integration: Denmark’s mainstreaming initiatives in employment, education, and social affairs, Brussels, Migration Policy Institute Europe, 32 p.
20. Borevi, K., Bengtsson B. 2015. The tension between choice and need in the housing of newcomers: A theoretical framework and an application on Scandinavian settlement policies. Urban Studies, № 52 (14), p. 2599—2615. doi: 10.1177/0042098014548137.
21. Lægaard, S. 2013, Danish Anti-Multiculturalism?...