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... of imperial transformation. The article offers a general explanation of the current role and possible future of the foundation of contemporary “international relations”—the phenomenon of the nation-state. The author argues that the idea of the existence of “nations” (and “nation-states”) is unstable and, on this basis, proposes one possible (though undesirable) scenario for the devel­opment of human societies in the event of the collapse of this idea. The study examines the phenomenon of a specific historical type of world order that emerged at the turn of the nine­teenth and twentieth centuries. Its aim is to conceptualize this order as an ...

While studying the characteristics of the formation and existence of foci of transmissible tick-borne infections, it is essential to consider both natural and anthropogenic factors. The impact of human activity on this process undoubtedly requires constant attention. Retrospective studies conducted in our country and the post-Soviet space within this framework are systematized in this review according to the following periodization: the observation ...

... community — communion” which enabled him to analyse the formation of collective units and determine the features of their existence. In his article “Mass, Community, and Communion” (1941) he presented the forms of sociability which enabled him ... .... Swedberg, R., 1982. Sociology as Disenchantment: The Evolution of the Work of Georges Gurvitch. Atlantic Highlands, N. J.: Humanities Press. Zagirnyak, M. Y., 2022. The Concept of Sobornost’ in the Georges Gurvitch’s Philosophy of Law. Philosophy ...

... Rome report Come on! Capitalism, Short-Termism, Population and the Destruction of the Planet (2018) Kant, along with other “old” Enlighteners, is presented as the father of a world-view which led to the destabilisation of the environment in which humanity exists. The authors of the report argue that the “old Enlightenment” with its individualism, faith in the market and a consumerist attitude to nature should be scrapped. I maintain that this assessment of Kant’s philosophy is groundless and that ...

.... doi:10.35765/forphil.2006.1101.15. Dvořák, P., 2015. Self-Evident Prepositions in Late Scholasticism: The Case of “God Exists”. Acta Comeniana, 27, pp. 47-73. Descartes, R., 1998. Discourse on Method. In: R. Descartes, 1998. Discourse on Method; ... ... His Life and Doctrine. Translated by A. Lefevre and J. E. Creighton. London: J. C. Nimmo. Reid, T., 1810. An Inquiry into the Human Mind on the Principles of Common Sense. The Sixth Edition. Edinburgh: Bell & Bradtute. Roothaan, J., 1832. Covered letter ...

... differences due to the author’s personality, historical context, and literary form. Thus, considerable divergence is shown to exist in the individual writers’ preferences for the particular colour terms. However, the differences come down to a unified ... ... informatsionnogo obshchestva» : tezisy dokladov [Proceedings of the 7th Scientific and Practical Conference “Philosophy and Humanities in the In­formation Society”]. Vol. 2. St. Petersburg, pp. 141—143 (in Russ.). Grebennikov, A. O., ed., 1999. ...

... a mycelium, but also through a distinctive worldview based on the interconnectedness of all living things and all entities (human beings, living and non-living nature). Thus, Tokarczuk’s work offers a perspective on the world that is far removed from ... ... The article also analyzes the theme of existential crisis, reflected in the landowner Popielski’s search for the meaning of existence. The game he plays, Ignis Fatuus, metaphorically illustrates what Gilles Deleuze refers to as the rhizome. A gene­ral ...

... held in the concentration camp, as well as to reconstruct the names of their participants. The study of such a topic as football in Auschwitz confirms that even under the most extreme conditions— when life stood on the brink of annihilation—there existed a drive for self-expression and the preservation of human nature. For the prisoners, football held symbolic meaning—it was not only an attempt to escape from the brutal reality but also a kind of refuge, a space where they could, even if only briefly, feel free. Auschwitz concentration camp, prisoners,...

... has shown that such a discrepancy in the image of Kaliningrad is typical because of the dichotomy Koenigsberg — Kaliningrad, the contrast between the German past and Russian present, and the intention to represent Koenigsberg as a city that still exists. The article provides recommendations for overcoming the discrepancy problem. Amin, E. and Thrift, N., 2002. The Intelligibility of Everyday City. Logos, 3 (34), pp. 1—25 (in Russ.). Andreevsky, I. E., Arseniev, K. K. and Petrushevsky, ...

... Tartu, pp. 68—84 (in Russ.). Chernigovskaya, Т. V., 2020. Biology, environment, and culture: from animal com­munication to human language and cognition. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo uni­ver ­ siteta. Filosofiya i konfliktologiya [Vestnik of Saint-Petersburg ... ... Univer­sity of Tartu. Issue 426)]. Tartu, pp. 94—100 (in Russ.). Tulviste, P., 1981. Does specifically children’s verbal thinking exist? Voprosy Psy­cho ­ logii [The Issues Relevant to Psychology], 5, pp. 34—42 (in Russ.). Vygotsky, L. S., 1982—1984....

... de facto normalized, but not subjected to strict standardization, semi-autonomous idioms. Different modes of correlating the oral and the written in these texts come in direct connection with the practice of recitation and other forms of the auditory existence of poetry. The introduction of new empirical material contributes to the reassessment of the problem of the oral and the written, since it demonstrates the non-equivalence of the oral and the spoken, and the written and the literary. The visually ...

... self-iden­tity since objects constantly multiply, lose their distinctiveness or, on the contrary, find mea­ning where it does not exist. Boychuk, E. I., 2014. Distinction of anadiplosis, epanalepsis and reduplication and features of their functioning ... ... french novel of 19th century). Vestnik Tambovskogo universiteta. Ser.: Gumanitarnye nauki [Tambov University Review. Series: Humanities], 4 (132), pp. 105—110 (in Russ.). Bukatnikova, S. D., 2017. Funktsionirovanie reduplikatsii v khudozhestvennom tekste: ...

... to the Apoca­lypse, in which the most aesthetically significant the idea for him is that of ​​restoring paradisi­acal existence. However, unlike Dostoevsky, the concept of life after death in “Theological Treatise” is not free from pessimism ... ... Tchiževskij’s works about mistics. Vestnik Russkoi khristianskoi gumanitarnoi akademii [Review of The Russian Christian Academy for The Humanities], 18, pp. 145—156 (in Russ.).

... 10—14 (in Russ.). Chueshov, V. I., 1993. The Argument to Death: Logic, Rhetoric and Dialectics of Communication. In: A. V. Demichev and M. S. Uvarov, eds. Tema smerti v dukhovnom opyte chelovechestva [The Topic of Death in the Spiritual Experience of Humanity]. St. Pe­tersburg. pp. 10—12 (in Russ.). Quine, W. V., 1981. Theories and things. Cambridge.

... like a hobbit country]. Available at: https:// censor.net.ua/resonance/240801/moskva_pohoja_na_mordor_ukraina_na_stranu_ hobbitov [Accessed 19 August 2018] (in Russ.). Bochkareva, N., 2016. 4 strany, kotorye ne sushchestvujut [4 countries that do not exist]. Available at: http://fb.ru/post/destinations/2016/2/8/4077 [Accessed 19 Au­gust 2018] (in Russ.). Verbitskiy, А. А., 1990. Aktivnoe obuchenie v szkole: kontekstnyj podkhod [Active schooling: a contextual approach]. Moscow (in Russ.). Vinogradov,...

... the light of his hermeneutics, the fate of ontology is a function of the quality of reading since its dialogical nature directly determines a person’s special hermeneutic responsibility towards all that exists. In being the Book of Life, all that exists communicates with the human being as if it were the Book. It does so within the complex dialectics of objectivation in the epistemological linguisticality of a prophet, a scien­tist, or a poet and, through them, reaches out to countless generations of the Reader, who is voluntarily ...

... 65—79 (in Russ.). Porshnev, B. F., 2007. O nachale chelovecheskoi istorii. Problemy paleopsikhologii [On the Beginning of Human History. Problems of paleopsychology]. St. Petersburg: Ale­teia (in Russ.). Hintikka, J., 1980. Semantics of propositional ... ... p. 11—26. Kripke, S., 1980. Naming and Necessity. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Kripke, S., 2013. Reference and Existence. N. Y.: Oxford University Press. Lewis, D., 1968. Counterpart Theory and Quantified Modal Logic. Journal of Phi­losophy,...

... New Testament differs from that in the Old Testament. In the Old Testament texts, necessity is perceived primarily as a legal and social law, whereas in the New Testament it is understood as a moral duty. This contributes to the Christian idea of the existence of a legal and social law and a higher, moral law, which are not always identical. Using the findings of this study, I describe the formation of the division between the spiritual and social aspects of duty in human consciousness and identify the causes of contradictions between the spiritual and social duty. Vaulina, S.S., 2003. About the modality of the old Russian text. In: Tekst v lingvodidakticheskom aspekte. Materialy nauchno-prakticheskogo seminara ...

... stable relativity. Target, 12 (2), pp. 341—345. Mauranen, A. and Kujamäki, P. (eds.), 2004. Translation Universals. Do they Exist? Amsterdam: Benjamins. Muñoz, M. R., 2014. A blurred snapshot of advances in translation process re­search. MonTI, Special ... ... dti.ua.es/es/documentos/monti/monti-especial-1-portada-indice.pdf (accessed 23 June 2018). Pym, A., 2003. Localization and the humanization of technical discourse. Across Languages and Cultures, 4 (2), pp. 205—216. Pym, A., 2016. Translation Solution ...

... transmitting information from a tradition to a tradition, from a generation to a generation, whereas the least attractive myths exist at the moment of communication and are unlikely to be replicate by other generations. The authors hold that a linguocultural ... ... transfer of information from one generation to another, due to the attractiveness of the memes of this or that myth for the human psyche. Barthes, R., 2008. Mifologii [Mythologies]. Moscow (in Russ.). Debray, R., 2010. Vvedenie v medialogiyu [Introduction ...

... Anagrams of the names of 17th century Königsberg poets – Simon Dach, Robert Roberthin, and Andreas Adersbach – comprise an ironical baroque reflection of the new “tacit theology” of poetry, whose mimesis reveals the growing inadequacy of a human being to their true essence and the transition of the word to reaching its eschatological limits set in the Book of Revelation 1. Донн Д. Анатомия мира // Европейская поэзия XVII века. М., 1977. 2. Кузанский ...

Anon., 1914. Formular List of the Service of Alexander Liverievich Sakketti, a titular councillor attached to the Ministry of National Education. Compiled to 17 May 1914. [manuscript] Ministry of Public Education Collection, 733. Inventory 155, Folder 1087, Sheet 92. St. Petersburg: Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA). (In Rus.) Dmitrieva, N. A., 2007. Russkoe neokantianstvo: “Marburg” v Rossii. Istoriko-filosofskie ocherki [Russian Neo-Kantianism: “Marburg” in Russia. Historical and Philo­sophical...

... reasons are rooted in the character of propositional thought, which can only circumscribe a singular, supersensible reality by means of predicative sentences and discursive thought. Taking Kant’s lead, but in contrast to his terminology, I call really existent singularities, including the thinking, knowing, desiring, feeling unique individuals we know as human beings, spontaneities, in order to distinguish them from descriptive characteristics attributed to them by predicative thought. Kant’s “practico-dogmatic” account of the postulates of God and immortality of the soul, based on the “fact of ...

... Christian August. In: Neue Deutsche Biographie, Volume 3. Berlin: Duncker und Humblot, pp. 432-433, [online]. Available at: < https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/gnd118677438.html> ; [Accessed 4 February 2019]. Sartre, J.-P., 2007. Existentialism Is a Humanism; including, A commentary on The Stranger. Translated by C. Macomber; introduction by A. Cohen-Solal; notes and preface by A. Elkaïm-Sartre, edited by J. Kulka. New Haven: Yale University Press. Schiller, F., 1988. On Grace and Dignity. In: F....

... How shall I support my reading? First, by appealing to overwhelming textual evidence according to which the proof is of the existence of mind-independent things, showing that Kant’s main opponent is Mendelssohn’s idealism of Cartesian provenance.... ... 2001. Kant and the Foundations of Analytic Philosophy. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Hanna, R., 2006. Kant, Science, and Human Nature. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Jacobi, F. H., 1787. David Hume über den Glauben oder Idealismus und Realismus: ...

... until the beginning of the nineteenth century reveals the paradoxical status of the Kantian transcendental subject. While the existence of the transcendental subject, whatever the term means, is not open to question since it arises from the very essence ... ... Standpunctslehre and the Kantian Thing-in-itself Debate. Cham: Springer. Reinhold, K. L., 2011. Essay on a New Theory of the Human Capacity for Representation. Translated by T. Mehigan and B. Empson. Berlin & New York: De Gruyter. Rouba, M. V., 2019. ...

... transcendental anthropology, which acts a method in Kant’s pragmatic anthropology. The essence of transcendental anthropology is the metaphysics of morals. This role of morals manifests itself in the primacy of practical reason over the theoretical one. The humanity owes its development and existence to the practical reason. In Kant’s system, morality is the essence of humanity. 1. Гартман Н. Этика. СПб., 2002. 2. Гуревич П. С. Философская антропология: учебное пособие. М....

This article proves that when addressing the problem persistent in his oeuvre — whether the humanity exists independently in space or it is a transcendental project — the Saint Petersburg poet A. S. Kushner always consults with I. Kant. 1. Гейне Г. Собр. соч.: в 10 т. М., 1958. Т. 6. 2. Кант И. Всеобщая естественная ...

.... Katrechko’s interpretation antecedes Husserl’s phenomenology, which introduced a substantive a priori justification of human experience. This is a realist interpretation of Husserl’s philosophy. At its core is a fundamental principle of phenomenology ... ... the everyday experience through which it is obtained. It is stressed that, unlike Kant, Husserl’s phenomenology rejects the existence of unknowable things in themselves and, unlike Katrechko, it rules out the interpretation of objects as signs. The latter ...

... transcendental anthropology, which acts as a method in Kant’s pragmatic anthropology. The essence of transcendental anthropology is the metaphysics of morals. This role of morals manifests itself in the primacy of practical reason over the theoretical one. The humanity owes its development and existence to the practical reason. In Kant’s system, morality is the essence of humanity. 1. Апель К.-О. Априори коммуникативного сообщества и основания этики. К проблеме рационального ...

.... 69—79. 8. Maslin М. А. 2012, Andzej Valickij. Intellektualnyj portret polskogo istorika russkoj filosofii [Andrey Valicky. Smart portrait of the Polish historian of Russian philosophy] // Gumanitarnyje nauki. Vestnik Finansovogo universitieta [Humanities. Bulletin of the University of Finance]. № 4, p. 88—92. 9. Obolevich Т. 2012, Spor Vladimira Solov’eva s Aleksandrom Vvedenskim po povodu Spinozy [Dispute Vladimir Solovyov and Alexander Vvedensky about Spinoza] // Solov’evskije issledovanija ...

... Rickert. Following to neo-kantian thinkers Alexeev indicates, that genesis of culture is measured because a priori values are exist. Therefore individual is not a creator of these values per se. Value became the basis of Alexeev’s philosophy of law. ... ... the state], Moscow, p. 386—624. 9. Benoist, A. 2015, Po tu storonu prav cheloveka. V zashhitu svobod [On the other side of human rights. In defense of liberties], Moscow, 144 p. 10. Bykova, M. F. 1996, Misterija logiki i tajna sub’ektivnosti. O zamysle ...

... law, but also actually want do it? As in his published writings Kant concludes in the Introduction of Natural Law Notes that human will itself can not be in complete agreement with the moral law, because objective motive (that is the moral law alone) ... ... Jedinstvenno vozmozhnoje osnovanije dla lokazatelstva bytija Boga [The Only Possible Argument in Support of a Demonstration of the Existence of God], Sobranije sochinienij v 8 tt. [Works in 8 vol.], Moscow, Vol. 1. 4. Kant, I. 2016, Jestestvennoje pravo Fajerabjenda....

... knowledge provoked sharp criticism. The author describes Vvednesky’s position, which can be traced in all of his later works. Its central elements is the need to create a coherent understanding of the world providing answers to all the phenomena of human existence, including those traditionally interpreted as objects of nonscientific knowledge. In the conclusion, the author focuses on the characteristics of Vvedensky’s oeuvre and its role in the development of Russian critical philosophy. It is postulated ...

... interpretatsii v fizike [Another reality and problems of interpretation in physics]. In: Kontseptsiya virtualnyih mirov i nauchnoe poznanie [The concept of virtual worlds and scientific knowledge], SPb. 16. Heidegger, M. 1988, Pis'mo o gumanizme [Letter on Humanism]. In: Problema cheloveka v zapadnoy filosofii [The problem of man in Western philosophy]. Moscow, pp. 314—356. 17. Chalmers, D. 2013, Soznayushchii um: v poiskakh fundamental’noi teorii [The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory],...

... sufficient reason introduced by Leibniz is closely linked to the notion underconsideration. The recognition of this principle as one of the two basic principles of philosophy inevitably raises the question about the necessity of all things, since all that exists has a sufficient reason behind its existence. In this case, any statement, any action, any object would be predetermined by its reason. Such state of affairs excludes any possibility of any accidents or free actions, which undermines the foundation ...

... the moment of its inception, it exhibited critical contradictions; however, later, it was demonstrated that the contradictions existed not in the system of the Königsberg philosopher, but rather in the mind of the interpreter, and the system proved to ... ... of the unity of the world. All these principles are designed to prove that a system is the answer to the question “What a human being is”, as well as a representation of transcendental anthropology. 1. Калинников Л. А. Интерпретация ...

... and object in theory of cognition. Special attention is paid to the role of social communication in the construction of the real world. The author stresses that the language communication plays an important role in this process. Thereby, it affects human cognition as well as all existence. When discussing this phenomenon, the author uses the methodology that was symbolically described by Kant as the Copernican turn. Wilhelm von Humboldt was one of the first to apply and develop Kant’s method in the theory and philosophy of ...

... transcendental anthropology, which acts as a method in Kant’s pragmatic anthropology. The essence of transcendental anthropology is the metaphysics of morals. This role of morals manifests itself in the primacy of practical reason over theoretical reason. The humanity owes its development and existence to practical reason. In Kant’s system, morality is the essence of humanity. 1. Гартман Н. Этика. СПб., 2002. 2. Гуревич П. С. Философская антропология: учебное пособие. М., 1997....

... image of reality. The theme of the text and its key motifs are most fully expressed in the complex interactions among links existing within this reality. 1. Владимирова Н. Г. Условность, созидающая мир. Поэтика ... ... Sir Lancelot and Sir Gawain: A Contradistinction Among Chival­rous Beatitudes and Courtly Love. URL: https://owlcation.com/humanities/Sir-Lan celot-and-Sir-Gawain-A-Contradistinction-Among-Chivalrous-Beatitudes-and-Cour tly-Love (дата обращения: ...

... attendant Godot» // PMLA. 1960. Vol. 75, № 1. P. 137—146. 20. Krance Ch. (ed.). Samuel Beckett's Mal vu mal dit / Ill seen ill said : A bi­lingual, evolutionary, and synoptic variorum edition. N. Y. ; L., 1996. (Garland Reference Library of the Humanities ; Vol. 1266). 21. Laws C. Headaches Among the Overtones: Music in Beckett / Beckett in Mu­sic. Amsterdam, 2013. 22. Pilling J. The Cambridge Companion to Beckett. Cambridge, 1994. P. 81—82. 23. White H. Music and the Irish Literary Imagination....

In this article, we describe approaches to studying the verbal threat, which exist in the recent Russian and international research literature. We examine the essence of the verbal threat from the perspective ... ... 20, iss. 2. P. 213—228. 20. Sami S. The Differences between Threat and Promise Acts // Interna­tional Research Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 2015. Vol. 7, iss. 3. P. 46—53. 21. Searle J. R. A taxonomy of illocutionary acts // Language,...

The authors prove the possibility of revealing semantic invariants of pro­phetic dreams and folk signs. The study shows that such invariants do exist, and they stay with the other side of the language, belong to the deep sphere of human mentality (unconscious), have a special sign nature (they are both se­mantic signs and images). From this point of view, the problem of synchronic­ity — acausal semantic coincidences, is considered. The article suggests that the domain of semantic ...

... analysis of F. de Saussure's 1872—1911 authentic texts. A component analysis makes it possible to identify the characteristics of formation of general linguistic terms. It is established that F. de Saussure's terminology (118 preterms) is based on existing lexical units of different systems. Tectological mechanisms transformed Saussure’s terminology into a linguistic terminological system consisting of 36 scientific terms. 1. Cardona T. R. Négativité, récursivité, incalculabilité, les quaternions ...

Wry humor is viewed as an essential aspect of philosophical discourse. The authors analyze gloomy philosophical motives including life, death, human existence, social interactions, loneliness. The article shows that comprehending these issues through the wry humor acquires pessimistic connotation. 1. Даль В. И. Пословицы русского народа // Хранители сказок ...

The poetic destiny of the outstanding German poet and novelist Johannes Bobrowski is being considered. His poetology in the most complicated synthesis of antinomic semantics and metrics is being analyzed. The existence of guilt with its exacerbated spirit of his Christian humanity’s eschatological personalism in creative work of Bobrowski is being emphasized. The conclusion about the essential equality of his poetic language and being/nothingness in his understanding is being made. 1. Бёлль Г. Франкфуртские ...

This article considers the current state of the existing system of education in the Russian Federation and analyses the main problems of the development of human resources potential within the tourism industry, as well as the trends in the training of specialists in tourism and hospitality. The author emphasizes the need for training masters in tourism within the “Tourism” field of study and identifies ...

... Enlightenment landscape utopia on the example of the analysis of the evolution of utopian ideas by Andrei Bolotov in his autobiographical work “Life and Adventures”. The author of the article outlines the destruction of ‘natural state’ of a human being by the realities of the ‘Iron Age’ that followed the Enlightenment. 1.  Болотов А.   Т . Жизнь и приключения Андрея Болотова, описанные самим им для своих потомков: ...

The article provides an overview of the existing theories of categorization and their critical analysis categorization is a basic cognitive process, providing a basis ... ... Cognition is categorization. URL: http://eprints.ecs.soton.ac.uk/11725/ 13.  Jackendoff R. Patterns in the mind. Language and Human Nature. N.   Y., 1994. 14.  Langacker R. Foundations of cognitive grammar. V. 1: Theoretical prerequi­sites. Stanford,...