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... structural-functional approaches. The analysis reveals significant divergences between the CPRF and the Communists of Russia in their interpretations of the historical experience of socialism in the USSR, the causes of the crisis and collapse of the Soviet state, the nature of contemporary Russian society, as well as the driving forces, methods, and stages of socialist transformation. It is established that while the CPRF leans toward a more moderate and gradual strategy of socialist transformation within the framework ...

... significant ideas of I. Kant concerning the principle of expediency. As a result of the study, the author proposes a definition of the principle of expediency as a substantive element underlying the complex systemic concept of legality. Given the polysemous nature of legality, the author critically evaluates the notion that legality can be viewed in its entirety as a form of expediency and supports the view that the principle of expediency (or reasonableness) constitutes one of the structural general legal ...

... the publication of the thematic cluster. At the same time, we plan to return to this line of research in the coming year and encourage further discussion of the proposed concepts and methodological approaches, especially given the inherently debatable nature of many contributions published over the course of the year. The second section of this issue is devoted to a theme both central and longstanding for the journal: the reflection of cultural and historical epochs in the word, as well as the word’s ...

... Literature]. Moscow (in Russ.). Chebanov, S. V. and Dmitrieva, M. A., 2009. Directions in Interpretative Biosemi­otics. In: 9th Gathering in Biosemiotics. Prague, p. 26. Chebanov, S. V. and Martynenko, G. Ya., 1990a. The main types of ideas about the nature of language. In: Acta et commentationes universitatis tartuensis, 911. Tartu, pp. 112—136 (in Russ.). Chebanov, S. V. and Martynenko, G. Ya., 1990b. Ideas of hermeneutics in applied linguistics. In: Quantitative linguistics and automatic text ...

... Dostoevskogo. Peterburg Pushkina [The soul of St. Petersburg. Do­stoevsky's Petersburg. Pushkin 's Petersburg]. St. Petersburg: Lenizdat, 335 p. (in Russ.). Bykov, A. T. and Malyarenko, T. N., 2018. People in City: Preventive and Medi­cinal Role of the Nature Factors. Voennaya meditsina [Military medicine], 4 (49), pp. 104—114 (in Russ.). Demidenko, G. A., 2015. The Influence of the Climate Indicators and the Weather Phenomena of Large Cities on the Psychophysiologicalhuman Condition. Vestnik KrasGAU ...

.... Logi­ko-filosofskie shtudii [Logical and philosophical studies], 18 (2), pp. 112—133 (in Russ.). Montague, R., 1973. The Proper Treatment of Quantification in Ordinary English. In: J. Hintikka, J. Moravcsik and P. Suppes, eds. Approaches to Natural Language . Dordrecht, pp. 221—242. Rami, D., Zimmermann, T. E., 2017. Imagination, Psychologistic Semantics, and the Paradox of Fictional Names. Theoretical Linguistics , 43 (1—2), pp. 71—80. Recanati, F., 2012. Mental files . Oxford. ...

... Blind variation and selective retentions in creative thought as in other knowledge processes. Psychological Review , 67, pp. 380 — 400. Campbell, N. R., 1957. Foundations of Science . New York: Dover Publications. Delancey, C. S., 2007. Meaning Naturalism, Meaning Irrealism, and the Work of Language. Synthese , 154 (2), pp. 231 — 257. Gavrilets, S., 2004. Fitness Landscapes and the Origin of Species . Monographs in popu­lation biology, 41. Princeton University Press. Giddens, A., 1984....

... of a sys­tem approach that is inadequate to the task. At the same time, it is necessary to take into ac­count the marginal manifestations of language as fully as possible to obtain truly universal results, which is impossible without clarifying the nature of man as the user of language. Human nature is in a very complex relationship with human biology in its anthropological understanding and the biology of Homo sapiens as an object of zoology as one of its compo­nents. The doctrines of different ...

... Psychology , 7 (1), pp. 25—42 (in Russ.) Luria, A. R., 1974. Ob istoricheskom razvitii poznavatel'nykh protsessov [On the histo­rical development of cognitive processes]. Moscow (in Russ.). Mahon, B. Z. and Hickok, G., 2016. Arguments about the nature of concepts: symbols, embodiment, and beyond. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review , 23 (4), pp. 941—958. Michel, C., 2021. Overcoming the modal/amodal dichotomy of concepts. Pheno­me­nology and the Cognitive Sciences, 20 (4), pp. 655—677....

... Hintikka, J., 1969. Semantics for propositional attitudes. In: Models for modalities . Springer, Dordrecht, pp. 87—111. Kaplan, D., 1968. Quantifying In. Synthese , 19 (1-2), pp. 178—214. Kripke, S., 1972. Naming and necessity. In: Semantics of Natural Language . Sprin­ger, Dodrecth, pp. 253—355. Lewis, D., 1979. Attitudes De Dicto and De Se. Philosophical Review , 88 (4), pp. 513—543. Percus, O. and Sauerland, U., 2003. On the LFs of attitude reports. In: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung ...

... [Thinking as creativity: an introduction to the logic of mental dialogue]. Moscow (in Russ.). Brodsky, J. A., 2002. Sochineniya [Works]. Yekaterinburg (in Russ.). Chernigovskaya, T., Natochin, Yu., Menshutkin, V., 2000. Principles of evolution of natural and computer languages and physiological systems. In: B. Bichakjian, T. Chernigovskaya, A. Kendon and A. Moeller, eds. “Becoming Loquens” — Bochum Pub ­ lications in Evolutionary Cultural Semiotics . Vol. 1. Frankfurt а/M; Berlin; Bern; ...

... the unique cultural meanings of the city as part of exp­loring its image in the external environment. As the basis for the study of the cultural code of the city, it is proposed to consider the following factors encoding of urban environ­ment: a) nature and climate, b) texts, where the city is conceptualized and presented in litera­ry context, c) historical events associated with the city, d) spatial characteristics, e) symbolic relationship with famous individuals (“geniuses of place”). ...

... (2), 265. doi: https://doi . org/10.3390/biom11020265. Chebanov, S. V., 1999. Biohermeneutics and hermeneutics of biology. Semiotica , 127 (1—4), pp. 215—226. doi: https://doi.org/10.1515/semi.1999.127.1-4.215 . Deacon, T., 2011. Incomplete Nature: How Mind Emerged from Matter . New York: W. W. Norton & Company. Eigen, M., 1971. Self-organization of matter and the evolution of biological mac­romolecules. Naturwissenschaften , 58, pp. 465—523. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/ BF00623322....

The article presents a reflection on Yuri Lotman’s idea of reorienting semiotics from the analysis of structures to the analysis of texts and their binary diagogical nature. This idea allows correlating Lotman’s approach with Bakhtin’s concept of a continuous, meaning-generating dialogue. The juxtaposition of these approaches opens up new possibilities for ex­panding the semiotic analysis of the processes of ...

... aesthetic phenomenon. Analysing language through shifts, Jakobson explores it in a structuralist way. In “The Newest Russian Poetry” the scholar summarises the ideas that became fundamental for him in the 1960s-1970s: the ideas of the teleological nature of poetry, a close connection between mental and language structures, and the relevance of the identification of text struc­ture as a relatively stable set of relations for the analysis of sense-making and text generation. Exploring the concept ...

... principles. For Vvedensky, the non-normative punctuation of contact lexical reduplications creates prerequi­sites for perceiving repeated word forms as occasional homonyms, distinguishes the signified behind the signifier, and also problematizes the nature of poetic communication. On the grammatical level, reduplication creates tension between repeated grammar patterns and their lexical realisations, which allows Vvedensky to demonstrate the potential extensibility of syn­tactic models and make ...

The article investigates a religious and philosophical dialogue of Miłosz and Dostoevsky. The antinomic content of Miłosz's poem “Theological Treatise” is analyzed in the context of Dostoevsky's Christocentric worldview, as well as religious and heretical teachings of early Christianity, which aroused Milosz's interest throughout his career. In their works, Dostoev­sky and Miłosz explored the theological problem of apoсatastasis and offered their interpreta­tion of it. The paper also examines Miłosz’s...

... in Chinese: Novel En­counters. Manchester: St. Jerome. Cheung, M. P. Y., ed., 2006. An Anthology of Chinese Discourse on Translation. Vol 1: From Earliest Times to the Buddhist Project. Manchester: St Jerome. Cheung, M. P. Y., 2012. The mediated nature of knowledge and the pushing-hands approach to research on translation history. Translation Studies , 5 (2), pp. 156—171. Clements, R., 2015. A Cultural History of Translation in Early Modern Japan. Camb­rid­ge: Cambridge University Press....

The article presents a comparative analysis of the translation of basic epistemological terms and attempts to analyse cognitive factors underlying the construction of meaning in the translation process. Apart from linguistic expertise, the translation of philosophical texts re­quires a profound understading of the subject matter. Ambiguity of philosophical terms, which appears as a result of the development of a particular concept within a specific philo­sophical school of thought, may lead to inconsistencies...

... Gobalization . London: Routledge. Cronin, M., 2013. Translation in the Digital Age . London: Routledge. Cronin, M., 2016. Eco-translation : Translation and Ecology in the Age of the Anthropo­cene . Abingdon: Routledge. Desblache, L., 2020. Translation, Natural history and Music: Thinking Communi­cation beyond the Verbal. In: K. Taivalkoski-Shilov, ed. Translating the Voices of Na­ture . Vita Traductiva. Toronto: Editions Québécoise, pp. 207—229. Descola, P., 2005. Par-delà nature et culture ...

... Recherches sur l'abstraction reflechissante. Vol. 1, 2. Paris. Piaget, J., 1970. Genetic Epistemology. New York. Rizzolatti, G. and Sinigaglia, C., 2010. The functional role of the parieto-frontal mirror circuit: interpretations and misinterpretations. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 11, pp. 264—274. Rubinstein, S. L., 1940. Osnovy obshchei psikhologii [Fundamentals of General Psy­chology]. Moscow (in Russ.). Schmidt, R. A. and Lee, T. D., 1999. Motor Control and Learning: A behavioral em­phasis. Leeds....

... razmyshleniya [Cartesian reflections]. St. Pe­tersvurg (in Russ.). Kant, I., 2002. Spor fakul'tetov [Faculty dispute]. Translated from German by T. G. Arzakanyan, I. D. Koptsev and M. I. Levina. Kaliningrad (in Russ.). Landauer, R., 1996. The Physical Nature of Information. Physics Letters. A, 217 (4—5), pp. 188—193. Lotman, M. Ju., 1970. Struktura khudozhestvennogo teksta [The structure of artistic text]. MMoscow (in Russ.). Magun, A. V., 2008. Otritsatel'naya revolyutsiya: k dekonstruktsii politicheskogo ...

... sotsial'no-utopicheskie legendy XVII—XVIII vv. [Russian folk socio-utopian legends of the 17th—18th centuries]. Moscow (in Russ.). Hintikka, J., 1972. The Semantics of Modal Notions and the Indeterminacy of On­tology. In: D. Davidson and G. Harman, eds. Semantics of Natural Language. Synthese. Vol. 40. Dordrecht. Hoffmann, E. T. A., 1994. Serapion brothers. In: A. A. Gugnina, ed. «Serapionovy brat'ya» v Petrograde: antologiya [The Serapion Brothers in Petrograd: Anthology]. Mos­cow, pp. 41—596 (in Russ.). Kripke,...

... and Ivan Shmeleff’s novel The Year of the Lord. The two texts share fundamental similarities in literary images. The church procession is portrayed as a manifestation of eternity in the tan­gible reality of this world. Despite their common temporal nature, images in Boris Godunov and The Year of the Lord differ in terms of both motivation (state-driven in Pushkin’s dra­ma and public-driven in Shmeleff’s novel) and the degree of detail. The description is con­densed and script-driven in Boris ...

... Opisanie moei ezdy v Shadskuyu derevnyu [Description of my travel to the village in Shadsk]. OR RNB. F. 608. Op. 2. № 88/7 (in Russ.). Bolotov, A. T., 1788. Opyt rukovodstva k opisaniyu krasot natury [Essay on guiding the description of the beauty of nature]. NIOR BAN F. 69. № 18b (in Russ.). Bolotov, A. T., 1761. Pamyatnaya knizhka ili sobranie razlichnykh nravouchitel'nykh pravil [A memorial book or collection of various moral guidelines]. NIOR BAN F. 69. № 22 (in Russ.). Bolotov, A. T., 1875....

... the late Middle Ages — the concept “people” as a kind of mystical body. Protestant science makes a clear choice in favour of interpreting the concept as an “arti­ficial person”. The author emphasizes that the introduction of the concept “natural state” led to changes in the ontological status of people in political theory. The concept “people” becomes “a flickering subject” that appears during the transition from a natural state to a civil one and disappears when the transition ...

... The author holds that already at the beginning of the revolutionary period, the Cadets substituted the triad “author­ity — society — people”, which was conservative in origin by the dichotomy “power — peo­ple”, which was democratic in nature. The “people” included the educated public and was opposed to the “authorities”. In its new meaning, “people” was seen as the “third class”, the future civil nation, called to construct a political system based on the idea of popular ...

... cultural-cognitive, linguistic, inten­tional and socio-economic. Summing up the specifics of the formation of meaning in narrative social practices, I draw conclusions about the recontextualization of Mikhail Bakhtin's ideas concerning the polyphonic nature of language and communication. Ageyeva, R. A., 1990. Strany i narody: Proiskhozhdeniye nazvaniy [Countries and Peop­les: Origin of Names]. Moscow (in Russ.). Ayzenberg, M., 1997. Power of darkness quotes. Znamya [Banner], 2, pp. 214—221 ...

... to observe the knowledge about colour, which exists in the lan­guage but does not exist in its physical sense. We hold that the given knowledge is the cause of significant difficulties arising in the translation of various colour terms, though the nature of these terms existence should not be complex in its essence, being a basic phenomenon of the natural world. Moreover, certain ambiguity rises when reference points of colour do not coin­cide with the indirect naming of colours and shades in ...

... bibliocentric hermeneutics treats the ‘philosophy of the Book’ as the question as to whether the experience of truth as such is possible. In the light of his hermeneutics, the fate of ontology is a function of the quality of reading since its dialogical nature directly determines a person’s special hermeneutic responsibility towards all that exists. In being the Book of Life, all that exists communicates with the human being as if it were the Book. It does so within the complex dialectics of objectivation ...

... is a static entity. The generation of a text, however, is a dy­namic process. Therefore, language should contain the possibility of dynamics. The TMS of­fered a twofold solution to this dilemma. Firstly, the text was assumed to have a polysemiotic nature: the verbal text is encoded not by one, but by several sign systems. Secondly, there was an idea of the activity, memory, and responsibility of the text. The two major lines of research within the TMS developed accordingly. The first one focused ...

... others. The linguistic ontology of the pattern as a text-generating mechanism is determined by the fact that the pattern problematizes the relation­ship between repetition and variation, singular and plural, a norm and a deviation. A text has a pattern nature if its basic pattern does not coincide with its textual realizations, provided the latter are very similar at the prototype or model level. Therefore, the relationship between the pattern and a resultant text is isomorphic to the relationship between ...

... The intentions of intentionality and other new models for modalities. Dordrecht: D. Reidel Publishing Company. Hintikka, J., 1972. The Semantics of Modal Notions and the Indeterminacy of On­to­logy. In: D. Davidson and G. Harman, eds. Semantics of Natural Language. Synthese. Vol. 40. Springer, Dordrecht. Galtung, J., 1977. Methodology and Ideology. Vol. 1: Essays in Methodology. Copen­ha­gen: Christian Ejlers. Kiklewicz, A., 2015. Bełkot w komunikacji: próba klasyfikacji zjawisk. In: P. Le­wiński,...

... (in Russ.). West, D., 2015. Kontinental'naya filosofiya. Vvedenie [Continental Philosophy. In­troduction]. Translated from English by D. Yu. Kralechkin. Moscow: Izdatel'skii dom «Delo» RANKhiGS (in Russ.). Hume, D., 1996. A treatise on human nature. In: D. Hume, ed. Sochineniya v 2 t. [Compositions in 2 volumes]. Vol. 1. Moscow: Mysl'. pp. 203—204 (in Russ.). Blank, A., 1999. "Why do new meanings occur? A cognitive typology of the mo­tivations for lexical Semantic change"....

... Moscow (in Russ.). Kojève, A., 2003. Vvedenie v chtenie Gegelya [Introduction to the reading of He­gel]. Moscow (in Russ.). Kreydlin, G. E., 2002. Neverbal'naya semiotika: Yazyk tela i estestvennyy yazyk [Non­ver­bal semiotics: Body language and natural language]. Moscow (in Russ.). Kukuy, I., 2014. The supertale of V. Khlebnikov “Zangezi” as a hybrid text. In: N. V. Zlydneva, ed. Gibridnye formy v slavyanskikh kul'turakh [Hybrid forms in Slavic cultures]. Moscow. pp. 227—236 (in Russ.)....

... Language and the Brain. New York: W. W. Norton. Hoffmeyer, J., 2008. Biosemiotics: An Examination into the Signs of Life and the Life of Signs. Scranton: Scranton University Press. Hoffmeyer, J., Emmeche, C., 1991. Code duality and the semiotics of nature. In: M. Anderson, M. Floyd, eds. On Semiotic Modeling. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 117—166. Kull, K., 1999. Towards biosemiotics with Juri Lotman. Semiotica, 127(1/4), pp. 115—131. Kull, K., 2015. A semiotic theory of life: Lotman’s principles ...

... Karpovich, eds. Filosofskie osnovaniya nauchnoi teorii [Philosophical foundations of scientific theory]. Novosibirsk, pp. 108—127 (in Russ.). Tul'chinskii, G. L., 1987. Normativno-tsennostnaya priroda osmysleniya deistvitel'nosti [The normative value nature of the understanding of reality]. Leningrad (in Russ.). Tul'chinskii, G. L., 1986. Problema osmysleniya deistvitel'nosti [Problem understanding of reality]. Leningrad (in Russ.). Tul'chinskii, G. L., 2001. Freedom and meaning. A new shift in the ...

... diachronic in relation to the author. At the same time, a textual analysis of Kan-Fun and a comparison of the key theses of Chicherin’s semiotic theory with the examples of his poetry (‘construemas’) show that his aesthetic project was of a utopian nature. Despite the outright rejection of the natural language as ‘non-constructive’ and the espousal of non-verbal semiotic means, Chicherin’s theory has internal inconsistency. Its artistic representations are incapable of overcoming the basic ...

... Hamburg: Meiner. Franke, U., 1998. Zeichenkonzeptionen in der Kunstphilosophie und Ästhetik von der Renaissance bis zum frühen 19. Jahrhundert. In: Hg. R. Posner, K. Robering, eds. Semiotik. Ein Handbuch zu den zeichentheoretischen Grundlagen von Natur und Kultur.Vol. 2. Berlin, New York: Gruyter, pp. 1232—1262. Haas, A. M., 1995. Eckehart, Meister. In: Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche. Vol. 3. Freiburg u. a.: Herder, pp. 443—446. Herder, J. G., 1985. Werke. Vol. 1. Fr. a. M.: Deutscher Klassiker ...

... de Estu­dios Ingleses, 51, pp. 19—32. Chesterman, A., 2008. On explanation. In: A. Pym et al. (eds.). Beyond Descriptive Stu­dies. Investigations in homage to Gideon Toury. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 363—379. Chesterman, A., 2009. The Name and Nature of Translator Studies. Hermes, 42, pp. 13—22. Chesterman, A. and Arrojo, R., 2000. Shared ground in Translation Studies. Tar­get, 12 (1), pp. 151—160. Delabastita, D., 2003. Translation Studies for the 21 st century. Trends and per­spectives....

... in Consumer Research, 3, pp. 197—203. Leerssen, J. Imagology: On using ethnicity to make sense of the world. Iberic@l, Revue d’études ibériques et ibéro-américaines, 10, pp. 13—31. Lieb, H. H., 1975. On subdividing semiotic. Pragmatics of natural languages. Dordrecht, Springer Netherlands. pp. 94—119. Morris, C. W., 1938. Foundations of the theory of signs. International encyclopedia of unified science, 1 (2), pp. 1—59. Monticelli, D., 2016. Critique of ideology or/and analysis of ...

... Leerssen, a well-known representative of Western imagological school. The author analyzes the main ideas of Leerssen's updated conception “Imagology: on using ethnicity to make sense of the world” published in 2016: the thesis about interdisciplinary nature of images, the threefold procedure of an ethnotype's analysis, "frame/trigger" approach, irony and meta-images. The author describes some aspects of imagological studies in Russia. The author analyzes interpretations of the term “imagology” ...

... On the contrary, we can benefit from considering the phenomena in the context of opportunities for the constructive transformation of reality. We address three major problems. The first problem concerns the possibility of a dynamic description of the nature of events. In this context, we justify a transition to a constructive-dynamic ontological paradigm. We identify the functions of an event that consists in the creation, management, and destruction or reality. We demonstrate the need for a constructive ...

... 2. Azarova, N. M., 2015. Water graphics and stone graphics in a classic Chinese poem: is it possible to convey this in translation? (On the material of Du Fu's poetry). In: L. O. Zaionts, ed. Zhivoi kamen': ot prirody k kul'ture [Living stone: from nature to culture]. Moscow, p. 194—205. 3. Alekseev, V. N., 1978. Kitaiskaya literature [Chinese literature]. Moscow. 4. Dreizis, Yu. A., 2015. Development of the concept of poetic language in modern experimental poetry of China. Vestnik Moskovskogo ...

... i kontekst [Russian rock poetry: text and context], 6, pp. 97—103. 5. Nefedov, I. V., Ogryzko E. V., 2015. Text and rock text as an artistic phenomenon. Aktual'nye problemy gumanitarnykh i estestvennykh nauk [Actual problems of the humanities and natural sciences], 2—1. Available at: http://publikacia.net/archive/ 2015/2/1/67 [Accessed at: 29 February 2017]. 6. Sviridov, S. V., 2001. A. Bashlachev. "Fish Day" (1984). Experience of analysis. Russkaya rok-poeziya: tekst i kontekst ...

... complex sentences. The force of persuasion of the prosecutor’s speech depends on its emotional effect on the jury. The author concludes that the distinctive characteristics of speeches delivered to present arguments in court stem from the institutional nature of this type of discourse and the use of specific linguistic means. When employing pragmatic and logical and rhetorical linguistic means, it is necessary to follow the rules of usage and consider the suitability of such means. An excessive use ...

This article considers the key provisions relating to the nature and structure of the word in human mental space. The author distinguishes between the word as an asset of an individual (the “living” word) and the word as found in a dictionary. It is concluded that there is a dramatic difference between the ...

... I. I. Dmitriev, P. I. Shalikov, K. N. Batyushkov, V. A. Zhukovskiy, A. S. Pushkin, V. L. Pushkin, N. M. Yazykov, A. N. Maykov, F. I. Tyutchev). N. Karamzin is depicted in poetry as a Russian language reformer; the one who brought harmony into the ‘nature’ of Russian language; a discoverer, ‘Columbus’ of Russian history, in disregard for famous Russian historians before N. Karamzin; and a true Russian citizen. Ultimately, the history of image of N. Karamzin in Russian poetry shows his relevance ...

... Unified theory of mental processes]. Moscow. 6. Gubareva, O. V., 1998. “Trinity” of the monk Andrey Rublev. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo otdeleniya Rossiyskoi akademii Estestvennykh nauk [Bulletin of the St. Petersburg branch of the Russian academy of natural sciences], 2(3), pp. 288—292. 7. Gurevich, A. Ya., 1972. Kategorii srednevekovoi kul’tury [Categories of medieval culture]. Moscow. 8. Dvoskina, Ye. M., 1998. Antichnaya teoriya ritma: Traktat Avreliya Avgustina “Demusicalibrisex” [Ancient ...

This article emphasises that, in the history of the early Balts (the Aesti and Prussians), amber was a principal means of trade that was exchanged for necessary goods from Europe. In these conditions, amber played a dual role: on the one hand, it stimulated trade connections between the Balts and other peoples, on the other hand, it decelerated their own cultural and technological development. The author’s assumptions are corroborated by archaeological data. 1. Давидан О. И. Янтарь Старой Ладоги...