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This article considers Kant’s deliberations on the essence and varieties of human love, based on the Lectures on Ethics. Kant distinguished between the love of benevolence (ethical love) — a commitment to the other’s wellbeing (discussed in Kant’s other ethical writings) — and a love of delight (aesthetical love), further divided into the sensual and intellectual love. The sensual love of delight is identified with sexual love. The intellectual love of delight eludes definition, since such delight...

This article presents an overview of Russian philosophers’ publications in German periodicals of the late 19th/early 20th centuries. At the time, Germany boasted a significant number of journals dedicated to philosophy or addressing philosophical problems. Even in the first approximation, there are several dozen journals featuring either texts by Russian scientists or works dedicated to Russian philosophy. Of special importance are two journals with the most pronounced presence of Russian authors...

This article provides a comparative analysis of the influence of the two great German thinkers — Immanuel Kant and Gottfried Leibnitz — on the Russian philosophy of the 19th/20th centuries. The ideas of metaphysical personalists and neo-Leibnizians (E. A. Bobrov, A. A. Kozlov, S. A. Alekseev (Askoldov), N. O. Lossky, and V. Salagova) are invoked to demonstrate the main arguments of the critique of Kantianism and neo-Kantianism in Russian philosophy. It is shown that the ideas of Russian neo-Leibnizians...

Probability theory, which emerged as early as the 17th century thanks to the works of Pascal and Fermat, served for a long time as a tool of professional mathematicians. It was not considered a means of rational prediction of social actions. In the late 18th century, Nicolas de Condorcet (1743—1794) first proposed to apply probability theory to moral and political disciplines thus creating a basis for social forecasting. The methods he developed made it possible to predict the results of political...

This article is devoted to the correlation between liberal and socialist ideas in the social and philosophical conception of the prominent methodologist of social sciences and a Neo-Kantian legal theorist Bogdan Kistyakovsky. The author stresses the uncertainty of both the definition of liberalism and the principles behind attributing concrete thinkers to this movement. The article emphasises the inconsistency of classifying Kistyakovsky’s socio-philosophical concept as liberal. The analysis performed...

This article focuses on the relation between the subject and object in theory of cognition. Special attention is paid to the role of social communication in the construction of the real world. The author stresses that the language communication plays an important role in this process. Thereby, it affects human cognition as well as all existence. When discussing this phenomenon, the author uses the methodology that was symbolically described by Kant as the Copernican turn. Wilhelm von Humboldt was...

This article presents the key ideas of the book Für den Frieden, in which the author scrutinises the basic principles of the Japanese constitution with the help of the works of Erasmus of Rotterdam, Kant, and Salomo Friedländer. The article develops the following theses: the human being has a right to pin their hopes on the future; the task of establishing perpetual peace rests with the human being themselves; as a result, everything depends on the development of personality, since it is that acts...

This article focuses on Deleuze’s attempt to describe so-called thinking of differences, which severs any connection with the premises of natural pre-philosophical thinking and good will tending towards good and truth. The author believes that Deleuze’s thinking of differences does have a rather evident premise. For Deleuze, thinking is an energy flow or sensual “vitality”.Another approach to analysing the fundamentals of thinking can be found in Kant’s article “What Does It Mean to Orient Oneself...

The legends about dinner parties of Immanuel Kant’s friends have been known since the times of his first biographers and other contemporaries. However, there were other communities of friends in Königsberg. Gathering friends at a dining table for the purpose of intellectual communication became a tradition in Königsberg in the 17th/18th centuries. This tradition created a sub-system of creative communication and leisure bringing together both nobility and aristocracy and ordinary curious citizens...

Kant’s transcendental philosophy (transcendentalism) focuses on both the human method of cognition in general [CPR, B25] and certain types of cognition aimed at justifying their objective significance. This article aims to explicate Kant’s understanding (resp. justification) of the abstract nature of mathematical knowledge (cognition) as the “construction of concepts in intuition” (see: “to construct a concept means to exhibit a priori the intuition corresponding to it”; [CPR, A713/В 741], which...

In his treatise On General Speculative Philosophy, J. N. Tetens sets out to justify the possibility and necessity of metaphysics as a general speculative science. His primary objective is to defend metaphysics against the opponents, the most serious of which, in Tetens’s opinion, is D. Hume. In this connection, Tetens sharply criticises traditional empiricism and develops a new perspective on experience and the bases of its certainty. The main target of his critique is ‘popular philosophy’, which...

This article considers the development of N. O. Lossky’s concept of intuitivism in the context of the translation of Kant’s works and revision of Kant’s epistemology. The development of Lossky as an independent philosopher required overcoming Kant’s scepticism, which was not consistent with the ideal-realist’s belief in the cognoscibility of transsubjective world given us in the original. The means necessary to overcome it determined the key characteristics of the new system of intuitivism, which...

Necessity is a key philosophical notion, which is used in different disciplines from logic to ontology. In the German philosophy of the Enlightenment, this concept was centralto the work of many thinkers. For them, necessity is related not only to logic but rather to the disciplines of general and special metaphysics. It is explained by that the principle of sufficient reason introduced by Leibniz is closely linked to the notion underconsideration. The recognition of this principle as one of the...

This article focuses on the interpretation of ideas of Kant’s Perpetual Peace treatise in the modern democratic peace theory. Despite the fact that the advocates of the theory consider Kant’s perpetual peace project the political and philosophical framework of their concept, the analysis shows that the democratic peace theory misinterprets many ideas of Kant. 1. Babst D. Elective Goverments — A Force for Peace // The Wisconsian Sociologist.1964. Vol. 3, № 1. Р. 9—14. 2. Doyle M. W. Kant, Liberal...

This article considers the key aspects of P. Natorp’s aesthetics in the system of his philosophy and identifies the legitimate position of aesthetics in the structure of philosophical disciplines: logic, ethics, and philosophy of religion. The author analyses the understanding of aesthetics and philosophyof arts and creative works in line with the Neo-Kantian tradition. The article focuses on the thinker’s contribution to the philosophy of the Marburg School and the justification of idealism. Philosophical...

This article explores the contribution of the Russian philosopher and theorist of law, neo-Kantian Kistyakovsky, to the understanding of the essence of law. He supported methodological pluralism and identified four theoretical and two practical concepts of law. The neo-Kantian motive in Kistyakovsky's theory manifested itself in the reference to the normative nature of legal rules and law in general and its independence of any external authorities or internal motivations of human behavior. According...

This essay concerns an unusual note of Kant’s that has been available in Hamburg since the 1920s but otherwise neglected in the Kant literature. This small 8 x 6.3 cm sheet belonged to the manuscript collector Oskar Ulex (1852—1934), who appears to have bought it from a dealer in France. Writing covers both sides of the sheet, with moral theology discussed on one side, and the cosmological proof on the other. A transcription and description of the sheet is provided, followedby a “Question & Answer”...

This article offers an analysis of the influence of Kant’s and Schopenhauer's philosophical ideas on Fet’s worldview. The author demonstrates that the poet was not a strict follower of A. Schopenhauer, since he interpreted the German pessimist’s doctrine cum grano salis. The influence of Kant’s ideas on A. Fet was, at least, not less significant. 1. Зеньковский В.В. История русской философии. Т. 1, ч. 2. Л., 1991. 2. Кант И. Критика чистого разума // И. Кант. Соч. : в 6 т. Т. 3. М., 1964. 3. Л...

This article defines the way of interaction between formal and transcendental logic through introducing ontological considerations based on P. Strawson's descriptive metaphysics. The notions of a particular, a sortal universal, and a feature universal are introduced into the transcendental limitation on the inferences of formal logic. 1. Аристотель. Категории // Аристотель. Соч.: в 4 т. М., 1978. Т. 2. С. 53—90. 2. Брюшинкин В. Н. Взаимодействие формальной и трансцендентальной логики // Кантовский...

This article offers an analysis of the influence of Kant’s and Schopenhauer's philosophical ideas on Fet’s worldview. The author demonstrates that the poet was not a strict follower of A. Schopenhauer, since he interpreted the German pessimist’s doctrine cum grano salis. The influence of Kant’s ideas on A. Fet was, at least, not less significant. 1. Благой Д. Д. Мир как красота // Фет А. А. Вечерние огни. М., 1981. 2. Григорьев Ап. Мои литературные и нравственные скитальчества // Григорьев Ап...

The article deals with Maimon’s critical reinterpretation of Kant’s theory of analytic judgments. Maimon contributed to the history of the German Idealism primarily through his criticism of Kant’s theoretical philosophy, which largely predetermined some ideas of Fichte and later exerted a certain influence on the thinkers of some very different schools (from Marburg Neo-Kantianism to Deleuze). Maimon’s attitude toward Kant’s views on the nature of analytic judgments underwent an essential change...

The development of Orthodox comprehensive education schools in Russia at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries, as part of the religious education system, makes them a new and relevant subject for scientific research. The necessity of restoring the full educational function of modern schools and the search for effective educational means in contemporary socio-cultural conditions require a reference to the history and theory of Orthodox education. The accumulated experience in...

One of the characteristic features of Yevgeny Vodolazkin’s idiostyle is the appeal to linguistic reflection as a way of explicating the conceptual and emotive-evaluative meanings of the work, de-automating its perception by the recipient, ensuring and updating the dialogue between the text and the reader. The purpose of this study is a multi-aspect description of the reflexives contained in Evgeny Vodolazkin’s novel “Justification of the Island”. The use of a complex research methodology that combines...

The paper analyzes the trends of prefix nominal derivation, identified on the data analysis represented in the National Photographic Corpus of the Polish language. It is shown that the analysis of derivatives with the prefix super-, functioning only in modern discursive practices, leads to unreasonable conclusions about the innovativeness of this process in the Polish language. The dated and localized photo citations collected in the photocorpus ensure the reliability of the data obtained, which...

The article discusses the issue of maintaining psychological health in men and women of senile age in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of 100 respondents aged 74 to 98, living in a family and in a nursing home. Negative characteristics of psychological health in men and women of senile age were revealed: low level of life satisfaction, low mental activation and emotional tone, high level of stress. A higher level of anxiety and more pronounced depressive tendencies were...

Phraseological units are perhaps one of the most visible manifestations of language manipulation. Although phraseology has always been regarded as a powerful source of influencing people’s minds, relatively little is known about the way one perceives and interprets a phraseological unit which has accumulated a great deal of knowledge and experience of many generations since it was first implemented. This paper attempts to classify the types of this information compression bringing the American election...

... of implementing a communicative cognitive strategy. Tolstoy names the following functions of prayer: it helps to achieve harmony, avoid complex emotional states, makes a person strong, spiritually elevates them, protects them from the temptation to sin, helps in self-understanding. An essential aspect of the conceptualization of prayer for Tolstoy is the definition of the conditions for its performance. Tolstoy understands prayer exclusively as an intimate, non-church appeal to God. Tolstoy believes ...

... of antiquity. The characters of “The feast” are historical figures, their friendly conversation demonstrates the search for truth, love is understood as a desire for beauty and for eternity. The friendly feast in Kononov’s story is a feast of sinful flesh, “a feast during the plague”. The artistic images of the story are simulacra, attractive in appearance, but morally corrupted.

The article verifies the proposal that the study of the onomastic compo­nent makes it possible to reveal more fully the specific of the language person­ality of the Russian military officer. Theoretical analysis of existing papers re­sults in a generalized concept of a language personality as an image of a bear­er of knowledge, models of behavior and reactions, cultural-linguistic and communicative-activity values. The vocabulary activated in communication is considered from the point of view of...

The study analyzes the definitions of terms that name the main regulato­ry documents for top-level medical personnel: “clinical recommendations”, “clinical guidelines”, “diagnostic and treatment protocol”. The article com­pares the terminological phrases with the keywords “recommendations”, “management” and “protocol”, multicomponent units that name specific va­rieties of these documents. It was revealed that a large number of syntagmatic connections of the main term and its derivatives (attributive...

This article considers the functional significance of the attributive combination ‘captain's daughter’ as an essential and integral component of the semantic space of Alexander Pushkin’s novel. Placed in the title, it functions as the key sign of the work of fiction since it makes it possible to interpret implied meanings. Unlike the other, more frequent, lexical and grammatical units used as nominations in the text (‘Masha’, ‘Marya Ivanovna Mironova’), ‘captain’s daughter’ explicates the image of...

In this article, I investigate the poetics of the novel The buried giant by Kazuo Ishiguro and consider artistic images that tend to actualise mytho­logical poetics in the literary text. I pay particular attention both to the re-creation of elements of mythological origin in the context of the novel and to new semantic meanings emerging through the reconsideration of the myth in the mind of the author. I address the problem of defining the genre of the novel, which has not yet received a single identification...

The creation of a corpus of historical documents requires developing cri­teria for the scientific evaluation of the former based on a number of genre pa­rameters that make it possible to structure a text array and present it in an electronic search environment. An important feature is the genre and type of a documentary text, which are established using a set of elements essential to documents. Since in histor­ical documents these elements are not always highlighted in the text, the marker of the...

Alexander Galich, a prominent singer-songwriter, built a gallery of socio-psychological types, central to which was the image of the ordinary Soviet per­son. This article focuses on the motif of death/immortality as a plot component describing the fate of a small person in Galich’s poetry. The place of the ordi­nary person in Galich’s creative ‘characterology’ is identified. The ground­work for a classification of the ordinary person types is laid and key motifs of plots introducing the types are...

Since the 1990s, especially after Russia joined the Bologna Process in 2003, Russian education has been adopting the key features of the US educa­tional system, having acknowledged its greater efficiency in comparison to the Soviet one. Russian reformers, however, often overlook the substantial socio-cultural differences between the two countries. To understand whether it is prudent to adopt and copy in Russia either selected features of the US educa­tional system or its goals and objectives, it...

A comparison of two original versions of the legend of Orpheus and Eu-rydice, the rock opera Orpheus and Eurydice (1975) and A Hip-Hopera: Orpheus & Eurydice (2018), shows how contemporary mass culture revives and deconstructs the ancient mythological pre-text, which lays a foundation for aesthetic legitimation of rock and hip-hop lyrics and their inclusion in a greater cultural context. The study explores the forms of representation of Orpheus’s dual semantics as the archetypical poet and musician...

The article verifies the assumption that connotations of verbal sememes can serve as the basis for the development of a quasi-symbol meaning. A qua­si-symbol is an element of an intermediate, linguocultural system, generated as a result of close interaction between language and culture. While a symbol is a sign of culture that expresses some idea in an imperative manner, a quasi-symbol is a type of symbol that has a verbal nature. The study has objectified connotations based on the semantics of secondary...

... Vestnik VSU. Series: linguistics and intercultural communication, No. 1, pp. 166—169 (in Russ.). 12. Prunch E., 2015. The Ways of development of Western translation studies. From language asymmetry to political one. Moscow, R. Valent Publ. 512 p. 13. Sin Wai Ch., 2012. Approaching Localization. Bartrina M., Bartrina F., eds. The Routledge Handbook of Translation Studies. Carmen, London and New York, Routledge, pp. 347—362. 14. Romadina (Volkova) I. D., Mityagina V. A., 2017. Translation and Localization ...

The article describes a new coursebook designed for students studying Biotechnology. The new coursebook facilitates the formation and development of critical thinking skills in the process of foreign language learning. The formation of critical thinking is one of the main objectives of pedagogy since it ensures successful functioning of the individual in the modern information society. 1. Благодатин А., Лозовский Л., Райзберг Б. Финансовый словарь. М., 2009. 2. Коряковцева Н. Ф. Проверка владением...

The paper describes possibilities and prospects of big data analysis in education given a rapid development of technology. The author explores new approaches to the modernization of the system of education, which are based on big data technologies, including unstructured data. The article offers techniques and tools that could help to solve the existing problems in education and describes some negative consequences of the massive use of big data in modern digital society. 1. 152,000 Smart Devices...

The present paper considers a complex and onomastically underexplorwed issue of proper names' (PN) informational field. The article highlights the author's view of singling out aspects of the PN informational field as well as their heterogeneity, mutual intersections and interpenetrations. A prospective variant has been offered for a complex information analysis and determination of its communicative significance as exemplified by a developed informational field of the oikonym Katyn' (Smolensk Region)...

The purpose of this article is to describe pragmatic characteristics of complex sentences with relative clauses in the German media discourse. The author selects the following pragmatic schemes of hypotaxis structures of the studied type: specification, problematization, irony, simplification, complication, prevention and argument. The single-model and double-model types are identified as pragmatical types of complex sentences with relative clauses. 1. Любимова А. А. Языковые аспекты воздействия...

The cases of two Kaliningrad universities are used in a forecast study of the interpersonal aspect of culture of students’ and teachers’ trust within higher professional education. The author gives a definition of the culture of trust between the agents of educational process and outlines the structure of this notion. The article presents the students’ and teachers’ forecasts of the culture of trust between the agents of educational process in future. 1. Педагогический энциклопедический словарь...

The second article of the series considers the role of the vegetative code in conveying the core of N. Kononov’s hidden semantic system, namely, the de-velopment of the dual and the plural from the singular I (ego). The paronymy between the Russian koren (root) and the English corn makes it possible to progress to the Russian ovyos (oats), which represents this development in different linguistic transformations. It is shown how the description of the vegetative cycle of oats (or the singularity/duality...

Based on N. Kononov’s short story, this article analyses the numerological code relating to the generation of the plural from the singular I (ego). An increase in the number of objects is accounted for by the dynamic equation N = N+1. The author examines both the visible and hidden techniques of the code representation based on the game possibilities of the language and intertextual references. 1. Песни и романсы русских поэтов. М. ; Л., 1963. 2. Дмитровская М. Коли муза Клио: история души человеческой...

This article provides an analytical evaluation of approaches formulating education results in developing new modules of the Special Education bache-lor degree programme. The author analyses the application of the programme’s modules using innovative forms of training organisation — interactive lec-tures, modelling methods, case studies, educational games (role-playing, simulations, business games), etc. 1. Об образовании в Российской Федерации : федеральный закон от 29.12.2012 № 273-ФЗ (ред....

The parabolic works of F. Kafka and F. Dostoevsky are compared in the ideational context of the 20th century philosophy in relation to different philosophical interpretations of sin and crime. The ideal world of these works is considered in the light of sociocultural experience of totalitarian system, its later analysis and overcoming. The author address the writers’ interest in the psychological determination of enslavement ...

Based on his own experience, the author stresses the considerable poten-tial of metaphor in increasing the level of self-consciousness of teachers at a special psychological training. The article explores the significance of the met-aphor for the humanities (psychology) and exact sciences (mathematics). Since each person is characterised by their own unique individual semantic space elements, whose elements are metaphorical, it is possible to identify a set of in-dividual metaphors. This underlies...

Since Lionel Abel (1963), metatheatrical plays are understood as a piece of drama, whose object is the play itself. The author considers the reasons behind the frequent references to the personality and works of A. P. Chekhov found in modern metatheatrical drama and analyses the changes to the standard “author-actor-audience” theatrical communication brought about by metatheatrical elements. 1. Барбой Ю. М. К теории театра. СПб., 2008. 2. Богаев О. Ад Станиславского. URL: http://www.bogaev.narod...

... (дата обращения: 03.02.2013). 12. Словарь методических терминов // Грамота.ru : [сайт]. URL: http://www.gramota.ru/slovari/dic/?word=%E2%E5%F0%F1%E0%EB%E8%E7%E0%F6%E8%FF&all=x&lop=x&zar=x&ag=x&ab=x&sin=x&lv=x&az=x&pe=x (дата обращения: 03.02.2013). 13. Табель о рангах: тексты передач // Эхо Москвы : [сайт]. URL: http://www.echo.msk.ru/programs/tabel/ (дата обращения: 03.02.2013)....