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... Hamann against Enlightenment. Vestnik MGU. Ser.: Filosofia [Bulletin of Moscow State University. Ser.: Philosophy], 3, pp. 14—26 (in Russ.). Gilmanov, V., 2013. J. G. Gaman i I. Kant: bitva za chistyi razum [J. G. Hamann and I. Kant: Struggle for Pure Reason]. Kaliningrad (in Russ). Kant, I., 1994. The Answer for the Question: What is Enlightenment? In: I. Kant. Sobranie sochinenii [Collected Works]. Vol. 8. Moscow: Choro. pp. 29—37 (in Russ.). Eco, U., 1987. The limits of Interpretations. Munich,...

... description, or an imperative was present in the text. Similar to the narrative, the performative is created under pressure from various external factors associated with the system of public communica­tions, to which the author is exposed, and a multitude of reasons that reflect in his or her mind external processes. All these factors and influences transmute in the course of text crea­tion; the viewer/reader consumes ready-made information, which invariably bears an imprint of the author's habitus. When ...

... righteous and the lives of the venerable. The novel conforms to the canons of hagiographic texts because of the presence of a righteous character, whose image is built in accordance with the traditional paradigm of the positive qualities of a saint. Other reasons for such conformity include the biographical topic, namely, a stable set of events and facts, affecting the life and fate of the character, and such structural plot elements as the character’s dreams and visions, as well as signs and miracles,...

... His World. Vol. 2. London: Routledge. Jakobson, R., 1935. Společná řeč kultury: Poznámky k otázkám vzájemných sty­ků sovětské a západní vědy. In: Země sovětů, červenec. pp. 109—111. Mercier, H., Sperber, D., 2017. The Enigma of Reason. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Uni­versity Press. North, D. W., 1986. A Tutorial Introduction to Decision Theory. IEEE Transactions on Systems Science and Cybernetics, Vol. SSC-4, no. 3, pp. 200—210. Marx, K., 1963. The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis ...

... Russia and the West lends new urgency to the problem of teaching local history, ninety percent of which is the history of a territory that once belonged to Germany — today, a pillar of the EU and a member of NATO. The author examines whether it is reasonable to draw on international experience in patriotic education. The subject ‘History of West Russia: The Kaliningrad Region’ was taken off the school timetable. The article stresses the need to teach a course on East Prussian history and proposes ...

.... F., 2009. Category of linguistic personality in language for special purposes. In: I. Yu. Ieronova et al., eds. Pelevinskie chteniya —2009 [Pelevin Readings — 2009]. Kaliningrad. pp. 71—77. 3. Kalinnikov, L. A., 1983. Postulates of practical reason in the light of the Kantian philosophy of history. In: L. A. Kalinnikov, ed. Kantovskii sbornik [Kant's collection]. Kaliningrad. pp. 12—26. 4. Vorländer, K., 1977. Immanuel Kant. Hamburg. 5. Gulyga, A. V., 2001. Nemetskaya klassicheskaya filosofiya ...

... problems]. Moscow. pp. 357—370. 3. Arendt, Kh., 2017. Viva Activa, ili O deyatel'noi zhizni [Viva Activa, or About active life]. Moscow. pp. 55—66. 4. Achkasov, V. A., 2011. National populism in post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe: reasons for the growth of electoral support. Vestnik MGIMO-Universiteta [Bulletin of MGIMO-University], 3, pp. 145—149. 5. Baranov, N. A., 2015. Revival of populism: European experience and Russian practices. Vestnik SPbGU [Bulletin of SPSU], 3, pp....

This article focuses on the reasons behind and attempts at demonising the image of the Red Army in the modern Western historiography. It is concluded that the key factor behind this approach is the aspiration to misrepresent the role of the USSR in the destruction of Hitler’s ...

... of robbers’ life, which was introduced by Pushkin and became central to Russian Romanticism. An analysis of the poem in the axiological aspect shows that A. Veltman – as well as other Russian poets – is interested in the moral and psychological reasons behind this phenomenon rather than social ones. The plot structure and the author’s position suggest that robbery is depicted in the poem as a cardinal sin that cannot be justified; it forces a person to abandon the moral law and leads to spiritual ...

... from Rabe’s Cursus Philosophicus. Instead, Piccart refers to a passage of Aristotle’s Metaphysics, which suggests the very distinction between an analytic philosopher who searches for scientific truth and dialecticians and sophists. For different reasons, they do not claim any scientific seriousness. Adickes, E., 1887. Kants Systematik als systembildender Factor. Berlin: Mayer & Müller. Anonymus, 1808. Verzeichniß der Bücher des verstorbenen Prof. Joh. Friedr. Gensichen, wozu auch die ...

... 15-31. Fichte, J. G., 1982. The Science of Knowledge. Translated by P. Heath and J. Lachs. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Holzhey, H., 1986. Cohen und Natorp: In 2 Bände. Band 1. Basel; Stuttgart: Schwabe & Co. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Edited by P. Guyer and A. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Liebmann, O., 1912. Kant und die Epigonen. Eine kritische Abhandlung. Berlin: Reuther & Reichard. Luft, S., 2010. Construction and Constitution, or What is the Content of Experience?...

... Beilagen. Berlin: Reuther & Reichard, pp. 155-195. Holt, E. B., Marvin, W. T., Montague, W. P., Perry, R. B., Pitkin, W. B. and Spaulding, E. G., 1912. The New Realism: Cooperative Studies in Philosophy. New York: Macmillan Company. Jurkevich, P. D., 1865. Reason According to Plato and Experience According to Kant (Speech Delivered at the Solemn Meeting of the Imperial Moscow University on 12 January 1866). Moskovskie universitetskie izvestija [Moscow University News], 35, pp. 321-392. (In Rus.) Kalinichenko,...

... Consistency in Action. In: P. Guyer, ed. 1988. Kant’s Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals: Critical Essays. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 105-132. Overall, C., 2012. Why Have Children? The Ethical Debate. Cambridge: MIT Press. Parfit, D., 1984. Reasons and Persons. Oxford: Clarendon. Parfit, D., 2011. On What Matters, Volume 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Puls, H., 2016. Kant’s Justification of Parental Duties. Kantian Review, 21(1), pp. 53-75. Rumbaugh, D. and Washburn, D., 2003. Intelligence ...

... inoculated first (vaccine distribution). Following Beauchamp and Childress’s principlism, adopted guidelines have tended to value both whole lives (survival to discharge) and life-years (survival for years past discharge). This process of collective moral reasoning has revealed our common commitment to both Kantian and utilitarian principles. For Kant, respecting people’s rights entails that we ought to value whole lives equally. Therefore we ought to allocate resources so as to maximise the number of ...

.... M. Scanlon’s Contractualism, cleave closely to Kant in idealising the process of legislation. For Rawls, the citizens of the Kantian Reich can be reduced to one, a representative of all, who deliberates behind the veil of ignorance using minimax reasoning. Scanlon includes other lawmakers, but any potential diversity among them is overridden by trans­historical canons of reason. By contrast, I view morality as developing historically through the interactions among people with different views ...

... Henrich, D., 1963. Über Kants früheste Ethik. Versuch einer Rekonstruktion. Kant-Studien, 54(4), pp. 404-431. Kant, I., 1991. Metaphysics of Morals. Translated by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2002. Critique of Practical Reason. Translated by W. S. Pluhar. Indianapolis & Cambridge: Hackett. Kant, I., 2011a. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Translated by M. J. Gregor and J. Timmermann. New York: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2011b. Inquiry Concerning the ...

... which Kant does not use, the translator resorts to a loan-translation “elastic liquid,” harking back to the Russian term упругая жидкость (elastic liquid) which was proposed by Mikhail V. Lomonosov but did not catch on. For the same reason the translator uses the loan translation “moment” instead of the more common “motive force”. “Gradus”, however, is always translated as “degree” for the sake of uniformity. All the translator’s additions to the Kantian text are ...

..., dialogic or epistolary form, practical orientation and eclecticism — all this brings logic within the intellectual reach of any civilised person, providing him/her with an instrument of performing their own mission, i. e. the employment of their reason. The very fact that the content of logic for women is practically no different from the content of classical compendiums was a revolutionary development, a practical implementation of the postulate that logic is universal and can be understood ...

... by D. Walford and R. Meerbote. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 14. Kant, I., 1997. Lectures on Ethics. Edited by P. Heath and J. B. Schneewind. Translated by P. Heath. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 15. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated and edited by P. Guyer, A. W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 16. Kant, I., 1999. Correspondence. Translated and edited by A. Zweig. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 17. Kuehn, M., 2001. Kant. A Biography. Cambridge: ...

... Kantian Journal, 38(4), pp. 34-50. http://dx.doi:10.5922/0207-6918-2019-4-2 . Hanna, R. 2018. Kant, Agnosticism, and Anarchism — A Theological-Political Treatise. New York: Nova Science Publishers. Pinker, S. 2018. Enlightenment Now: The Case for Reason, Science, Humanism, and Progress. New York: Viking Press.

... stance is taken against him. But the prevailing theme of the conference will be the practical philosophy of the German and Russian philosophers: in 2018, 230 years have passed since the publication of Kant’s main ethical work, the Critique of Practical Reason (1788), and, in 2019, 120 years will have passed since the publication of Solovyov’s final version of The Justification of the Good (1899). Both of these works are the apexes of two different, yet closely related, traditions of moral philosophy ...

... Kantian Ethics and Our Duties to Animals. In: G. B. Peterson, ed. 2004. The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, Volume 25/26. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press, pp. 77-110. Korsgaard, C.M., 2008. The Constitution of Agency: Essays on Practical Reason and Moral Psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Korsgaard, C.M., 2009. Self-Constitution: Agency, Identity, and Integrity. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Korsgaard, C.M., 2018. Fellow Creatures: Our Obligations to the Other Animals. Oxford: ...

... of self-consciousness and the understanding of subjectivity in Kant’s ethics as well as in Fichte’s philosophy. Stolzenberg shows the significance of Heidegger’s philosophical relations with Kant, Fichte, and the Neo-Kantians. He outlines the reasons which explain the different structures of the philosophical theories after Kant in comparison with the structure of Kant’s philosophy itself. Answering the question of Kant’s role in affirming the value of human dignity, he emphasises the ...

... Review of Law and Ethics, 3, pp. 11-35. Herman, B., 1993. The Practice of Moral Judgment. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Hill, T. E. J., 1980. Humanity as an End in Itself. Ethics, 91(1), pp. 84-99. Hill, T. E. J., 1992. Dignity and Practical Reason in Kant’s Moral Theory. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. Hill, T. E. J., 2002. Human Welfare and Moral Worth: Kantian Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Hill, T. E. J., 2014. Kantian Perspectives on the Ratio­nal Basis of Human ...

... Stilos. (In Rus.) Chernov, S. A., 2000. Poslednii trud Kanta [The Last Work of Kant]. In: I. Kant, 2000. Iz rukopisnogo naslediya (materialy k «Kritike chistogo razuma», Opus postumum) [From the Manuscript Heritage (Materials for “Critique of Pure Reason”, Opus Postumum)]. Edited by V. A. Zhuchkov. Moscow: Progress-Traditsiya, pp. 686-716. (In Rus.) Chernov, S. A., 1985. Teoriya fiziki v “Opus postumum” Kanta [Theory of Physics in Kant’s “Opus Postumum”]. Kantian Journal, 1(10), pp....

... his dissertation A New Elucidation of the First Principles of Metaphysical Cognition (Nova dilucidatio). The author explains the importance of the pre-critical argument analysis for the understanding of argumentation presented in the Critique of Pure Reason. The traditional interpretation of the arguments in Nova dilucidatio and related problems are discussed in detail. 1. Гегель Г. В. Ф. Лекции о доказательстве бытия Бога // Гегель Г. В. Ф. Филосо­фия ...

The article is devoted to the problem of identification of the Kant’s and Berkeley’s philosophical systems. The author considers reasons of the origin of Kant-Berkeley question and considers some versions of its completion. 1. Васильева М. Ю. Критика И. Кантом идеализма Дж. Беркли // Историко-фило­софский альманах....

This article considers the correlation between the historical Christianity and the pure religion of reason, the figure of the biblical Christ of Nazareth and Kant's interpretation of his personality. The author focuses on the question, whether the Biblical Christ, as a real historical person, is the personification of the idea of the absolute good and ...

... Idealism. An Interpretation and Defence. New Haven; L., 1983. 13. König A. P. Denkformen in der Erkenntnis. Bonn, 1980. 14. Krings H. Transzendentale Logik. München, 1964. 15. Pippin R. B. Kant’s Theory of Form: An Essay on the Critique of Pure Reason. New Haven; L., 1982. 16. Rohs P. Transzendentale Logik. Meisenheim a/Glan, 1976. 17. Stuhlmann-Laeisz R. Kants Logik. B.; N. Y., 1976.

... the work “Things in Themselves: an Interim Report” (XI Kant Readings, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, 2014), the author questions how far Kant’s idealism can be accepted and these problems resolved in any way that (i) is reasonably faithful to Kant’s texts, (ii) renders his position consistent (and his major arguments valid), and (iii) does not rest on premises that are themselves philosophically implausible. The author argues that these three desiderata are not met ...

... An Interim Report,” Robert Howell says that a philosophically satisfactory resolution of all-too-familiar problems about Kant’s views on the object of knowledge and the nature of things-in-themselves should meet three conditions: (1) it should be reasonably faithful to Kant’s views, (2) it must show that his views are internally consistent and his major arguments are valid, and (3) it must not rest on premises that are themselves philosophically implausible. Howell concludes that it would be ...

1. Гулыга А. Кант. М., 1977. 2. Кант И. Критика чистого разума // И. Кант. Собр. соч. : в 8 т. Юбилейное издание 1794—1994 / под ред. А. В. Гулыги. М., Т. 3. 3. Hamann J. G. Briefwechsel. Bd. 1—3 / hrsg. von W. Ziesemer, A. Henkel. Wiesbaden,1955—1957 ; Bd. 4—7 / hrsg. von A. Henkel. Wiesbaden, 1959 ; Frankfurt am Main,1965—1979. 4. Hamann J. G. Sämtliche Werke. Historisch-kritische Ausgabe von J. Nadler : 6 Bde.Wien, 1949—1957. 5. Löwisch D.-J. Kants Kritik der reinen Vernunft und Humes Dialogues...

... Kant’s claim of the enlightenment of the philosophizing subject by tracing his criticism of philosophical enthusiasm (“Schwärmerei”). For Kant intellectual intuition (“intellektuelle Anschauung”) serves in case of philosophical enthusiasm as a reason for the justification of philosophical knowledge. This determination is a threat for his project of enlightenment, because it entices the philosophizing subject to contradict the maxim of self-thinking. In order to show the link between Kant’s ...

... extent further progress of philosophy and exact sciences confirmed (or modified) original Kant ideas? I'm inclined to judge that apriorism in its modest version do not contradict to modest type of empiricism. Real practice of logical and mathematical reasoning provides pry conjunctions of a priori and empirical elements of cognitive processes. We can find their harmonic combinations of mentioned standpoints and thus to confirm the validity of Kant idea related to inherent unity of a priori and empirical ...

... shows that coercion is not an insurmountable condition to fulfill legal obligations, since the cosmopolitan order depends on the moral equality among states, far from involving a hierarchy over governmental structure. Third, I will discuss that the only reason to perform an active role in the political sphere according to Kant stems from the statehood, so that to help other needy and less developed peoples and societies in order to boost that they achieve their autonomy as a state would not belong to ...

This article focuses o the functions, structure and effects of transcendental logic in the Analytic of concepts of Kant's "Critique of pure reason". The author explicates different aspects, rules, principles, the method and procedures of transcendental logic. 1. Брюшинкин В. Н. Взаимодействие формальной и трансцендентальной логики ...

... Transl. and ed. by J. M. Young. Cambridge. Kant, I. 1992b, The False Subtlety of the Four Syllogistic Fi­gures. In: Kant, I. Theoretical Philosophy, 1755—1770. Transl. and ed. by D. Walford, R. Meerbote. Cambridge. Kant, I. 1998, Critique of Pure Reason, transl. by P. Guyer, A. W. Wood, Cambridge. King, P. 2001, Consequence as Inference. Medieval Proof Theory 1300—1350. In: Yrjönsuuri, M. (ed.), Medieval Formal Logic. Dordrecht, pp. 117—145. Klima, G. 2004, Consequences of a Closed, Token-Based ...

... и сфера свободы для веры // Научные и вненаучные формы мышления / под ред. И. Т. Касавина, В. Н. Поруса. М., 1996. 23. Beck L. W. A commentary on Kant's Critique of practical reason. Chicago, 1960. 24. Crusius Chr. A. Weg zur Gewißheit und Zuverläßigkeit der menschlichen Er­kenntniß. Leipzig, 1747. 25. Lambert J. H. Anlage zur Architectonic, oder Theorie des Einfachen und Ersten in der philosophischen und mathematischen ...

... the Post-Truth Era, in: The New York Times, 16.1.2017, p. C1. Kluge, A. 2012, „Der Konjunktiv des Krieges“. Spiegel-Gespräch R. Leik mit A. Kluge, in: Der Spiegel, Nr. 2 vom 9.1.2012, S. 122—125. Kolbert, E. 2017, That’s What You Think. Why Reason and Evidence Won’t Change Our Minds, in: The New Yorker vom 27.2.2017, pp. 66—71. Kuhn, Th. S. 1973, Die Struktur wissenschaftlicher Revolutionen. Frankfurt a. M. Lukács, G. 1954, Die Zerstörung der Vernunft. Berlin. Mendelssohn, M. 1978,...

... Шопенгауэр А. Мир как воля и представление: в 2 т. Минск, 1999. Т. 2. 11. Bedau H. A. Casuistry // Encyclopedia of Ethics. 2nd ed. N. Y., 2001. 12. Jonsen A. R., Toulmin S. The Abuse of Casuistry: a History of Moral Reasoning. University of California Press, 1997. 13. Kim S. B. The Formation of Kant’s Casuistry and Method Problems of Applied Ethics // Kant-Studien. 100. Jahrgang. 2009. H. 3. S. 332—346. 14. Kiowsky H. Die intuitive Erkenntnis bei Schopenhauer ...

... Status. Proceedings of an International Research Seminar], Moscow. (In Russ.) Motroshilova, N. V. 2017, Why it is Absolutely Necessary and How it is Possible to Carry Out a Preliminary Textual Analysis of the Key Concepts in Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason, in: Transtesndentalny povorot v sovremennoy filosofii (2), Moscow, pp. 68—73. (In Russ.) Soboleva, M. E. 2017, Analytic Kant Studies, Transcendental Idealism, and the Thing in Itself, in: Kantovsky sbornik [Kantian Journal], vol. 36, no. 4, ...

The article considers the first of the two principles of justice proposed by the American philosopher John Rawls as universal principles that would be chosen by every reasonable and rational person in an ‘original position’. The work analyses the problematic aspects of the principle’s formulation (the vagueness of the list of key rights and freedoms and the value criterion for ranking them) and of the methods ...

... [Writings: in 8 vol. Vol. 8] М. 10. Kant, I. 1994е, Beantwortung der Frage: Was ist Aufklärung? in: Kant, I. Werke. Zweisprachige deutsch-russische Ausgabe. Bd. 1. М. 11. Kant, I. 1994ж, Religija v predelah tol'ko razuma [Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone], in: Kant, I. Soch.: v 8 t. T. 6. [Writings: in 8 vol. Vol. 6] М. 12. Kant, I. 1999, Spor fakul'tetov [The Contest of the Faculties]. Kaliningrad. 13. Machiavelli, N. 1990, Gosudar' [The Prince]. М. 14. Novikov, G. N. 1996, Teorii mezhdunarodnyh ...

... Renaut, A. 2002, Jera individa. K istorii sub’ektivnosti [The era of the individual. To the history of of subjectivity], Saint Petersburg, 470 p. 13. Saul, J. 2007, Ubljudki Vol'tera. Diktatura razuma na Zapade [Voltaire's Bastards: The Dictatorship of Reason in the West], Moscow, 895 p. 14. Pantykina, M. I. 2010, A. Rajnah i N. N. Alekseev: dva proekta fenomenologii prava [A. Reinach and N. N. Alekseev: Two Projects of Phenomenology of the Law], Vestnik Gumanitarnogo instituta TGU [Gazette of Institute ...

1. Кант И. Критика чистого разума // Кант И. Собрание сочинений : в 8 т.Юбилейное издание 1794—1994 / под ред. А. В. Гулыги. М., Т. 3. <br /> 2. Юм Д. Трактат о человеческой природе. Кн. 1 : О познании / пер. с англ.С. И. Церетели. М., 1995. <br /> 3. Hamann J. G. Briefwechsel. Bd I—III, hrsg. von W. Ziesemer und A. Henkel. Wiesbaden,1955—1957; Bd IV—VII, hrsg. von A. Henkel. Wiesbaden, 1959; Frankfurt am Main, 1965—1979. <br /> 4. Hamann J. G. Sämtliche Werke. Historisch-kritische...