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... language. In: Novoe v lingvistike [New in linguistics]. Vol. 1. Moscow, pp. 264—389 (in Russ.). Humboldt, W. von., 2000. On the difference in the structure of human languages and its influence on the spiritual development of mankind. In: Izbrannye trudy ... ... types of character profiling. In: Yazyk i metod. Russkii yazyk v lingvisticheskikh issledovaniyakh XXI veka [Language and method. The Russian language in Linguistic research of the 21st century]. Vol. 1. Kraków, pp. 119—133 (in Russ.). Kubryakova,...

... reference in expository dialogue. The data were collected in an experiment involving native Russian speakers explaining the differences between close synonyms. The paper contrasts the distribution of vague reference speech cues used to shape referents ... ... methodology . Berlin; New York, pp. 223—256. Stepanov, Yu. S., 1998. Yazyk i metod: k sovremennoi filosofii yazyka [Language and Method. Towards Modern Philosophy of Language]. Moscow (in Russ.). Zolyan, S. T., 2021. Semiopoesis: Formation of Meaning in Molecular ...

... completeness and accuracy of the analysis for various types of echo-questions can only be achieved through the use of the corpus method, which allows obtaining a sufficient amount of data and representative material for analysis. Bhalla, О ., 2024.... ... workings of conversation . New York. Fliessbach, J., 2024. Mirativity, obviousness, and reversal as instances of contrast on different levels of meaning: Evidence from Spanish intonation. In: J. Brysbaert and K. Lahousse, eds. On the Role of Contrast ...

... quantitative analysis, the verb ‘sovershit’sya’ refers to a neutrally evaluated fact, event or phenomenon, while the verb ‘svershit’sya’ clearly tends to the positive-evaluative attitude of the speaker to the depicted. It is concluded that the method of corpus-discursive analysis of induced evaluativeness tested in the work has significant potential for research objectification of fairly subtle semantic differences between words close in meaning, as well as for recording intuitively felt, but not recorded by dictionaries, evaluativeness, which is implied by the immediate or further contextual environment of the analyzed word or expression. pragmatics ...

The article provides a comparative description of different types of metaphors based on an analysis of the prose of Hrant Matevosyan (1935—2002), a classic of Armenian literature.... ... Matevosyan-the-person suffered defeat as a traditionalist. But Matevosyan-the-writer, who developed non-traditional writing methods to describe the metamorphoses of the collap­sing ‘mix of mores’, achieved victory as a modernist. Matevosyan's creative ...

... resolu­tion of relevant complaints, which do not always comply with the requirements of the law. These contradictions determine the relevance of the topic under discussion and demonstrate the need to search for new perspectives that allow a somewhat different consideration of inves­tigative actions as a legal phenomenon, which determined the aim of this article. To achieve this aim, along with general scientific methods (logical, comparative analysis, synthesis), spe­cific legal methods (interpretation of legal norms and formal-legal analysis) were also applied. The empirical method formed the basis for addressing law enforcement practice. This made it possible ...

... situational-discursive demonstrativeness and identify the linguistic means of its expression and functions. An interdisciplinary approach and the method of psycholinguistic analysis of communicants’ statements were employed in the study. The material for analyzing the properties ... ... positive constatives, demonstration of material attributes of success, and speech strategies of boasting and exaggeration. In different communicative situations, demonstrative tonality serves influencing, regulatory, evaluative, presentational, constative,...

... clarifying the nature of man as the user of language. Human nature is in a very complex relationship with human biology in its anthropological understanding and the biology of Homo sapiens as an object of zoology as one of its compo­nents. The doctrines of different epochs and schools of thought, from the Book of the Prophet Ezra through Thomas Aquinas, from Palamas to Austin, from Searle to Shchedrovitsky and Father Georgy Kochetkov, are examples of works claiming to solve this problem. Alashari,...

... level. The author identifies the main ways of expressing, capturing and communicating the city’s cultural code in signs of different origin. Afinskaya, Z. N. and Kulazhenkova, L. N., 2015. Urban toponymy as a semiotic problem. Evraziiskii Soyuz ... ... 259—265 (in Russ.). Fedotova, N. G., 2018. Symbolic Capital of the Place: Notion, Peculiarities of Accumulation, Research Methods. Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Kul'turologiya i iskusstvovedenie [Tomsk State University Journal of ...

... modulations. The author singled out the level of pragmatic equivalence and the level of pragmatic modulation, which account for different pragmatic effects produced and illustrated the realization of the poetic function of a sign in a multimodal discourse.... ... Education], 4, pp. 20—29 (in Russ.). Zykova, I. V., 2016. Linguistic creativity in a linquoculturological perspective: the­ory, method, research findings. In Yazyk. Soznanie. Kommunikatsiya [Language. Mind. Communication], 53. Moscow, pp. 136—151 (in Russ....

... authors distinguish macro-discursive, micro-discursive and inter-discursive parameters that affect linguistic innovations at different levels — from phonologi­cal to pragmatic. It is concluded that the strategy of delayed, de-automated perception is ... ... Lingvistika i semiotika kul'turnykh transferov: metody, printsipy, tekhnologii [Linguistics and semiotics of cultural transfers: methods, principles, tech­nologies]. Moscow, pp. 203—233 (in Russ.). Shpet, G. G., 2007. Iskusstvo kak vid znaniya. Izbrannye ...

... interdiscursivity of “Stalker” is determined both by a significant degree of transformation of its literary basis and by a varied appropriation of certain types of discourse in the process of making a film as an original artistic-aesthetic object. Elements of different types of discourse act as linguistic and creative means that influence the heuristic potential of the verbal system of a film. Beloglazova, E. V., 2010. Interdiscursivity. Diskurs-Pi [Discourse-P], 9, pp. 359—360 (in Russ.). Chernyavskaya,...

... dominance of the archiseme — 'process', the existence of the differen­tial semes 'result', 'actions of people involved in a police search'). Further research is aimed at examining business writings from Western and Eastern Siberia, which belong to a different genre and a different time period. Further research will be based on the texts from the Nation­al Corpus of the Russian language, the Uppsala and Tyubinsk corpuses, the database of the Russian press Integrum and Open Corpus. Delo Irkutskogo ...

... 20th century, Andrej A. Zaliznjak (1935—2017), who authored fundamental works on the Russian and Old Russian languages. In different years, Zaliznjak addressed issues in morphology, syntax, accentology, and historical gram­mar. This apparent variety ... ... from purely structural paradigmatic descriptions to merely historical-philological analysis of specific texts. Zaliznjak basic method, however, remained unchanged throughout his life. His descriptions were always rule-based: he extracted rules from language ...

Texts of different eras relate to varying degrees to the question of generating and present­ing novelty. Recent poetry has been undergoing ... ... practices of hedging against the new in the light of the philosophy of the text and in the context of the need to reconsider methods for studying the language of poetry. The possibility to decipher a poetic text is not embedded in it as an algo­rithm....

... action and examined mechanisms for their interpretation. These mechanisms can be considered as manifestations of various modally different types of textualisation. Interpretation and textualisation make it possible to identify and describe the interaction ... ... example, the Karabakh conflict). In: M. V. Ilyin, ed. METOD: Moskovskii ezhegodnik trudov iz obshchestvovedcheskikh distsiplin [METHOD: Moscow Yearbook of Works from Social Stu­dies]. Vol. 3. Moscow. pp. 39—67 (in Russ.). Zolyan, S. T., 2018. To the problem ...

... compliments by people of different age identities from English, American and Russian cultures. Language is not the same across different age groups, which necessitates a thorough examination of age-related parameters in language and the identification of ... ... linguistic research — social semiotics — lends an urgency to such a study. To achieve the goal of the research, I employ the methods of contextual analysis and semantic and pragmatic interpretation. The qualitative calculations ensure the relevance of ...

... Moscow: Sovetskii pisatel'. pp. 35—39 (in Russ.). Shklovskii, V., 1919. Connection of the methods of plot with the general methods of style. In: Poetika: sborniki po teorii poeticheskogo yazyka [Poetics: collections on the theory of poetic language].... ... stsenaristov s obraztsami stsenariev raznogo tipa [How to write scripts. A guide for beginners script writers with samples of different types of scenarios]. Moscow-Leningrad: GIKhL (in Russ.). Yakobson, R., Tynyanov, Yu., 1977. Problems of studying literature ...

... genre in the Life of Alexander from Plutarch’s Comparative Biographies. I use the comparative, reverse and structural-semantic methods to analyse the biography of Alexander the Great, the images of the protago­nist and the narrator, the unreality and the ... ... aim of life and the freedom of choice. These aspects are reflected in the hagiographic genre. I analyse the similarities and differences of the narrative strategies employed since the narrative (non-diegetic narrator) in the hagiography genre is clearly ...

... article describes recent tendencies in the imagological studies in Russia. The author holds that imagology has a significant potential for development and the subject of this field of science can be extended due to intensifying interactions between different national cultures and literatures. Bakhtin, M. M., 1979. Estetika slovesnogo tvorchestva [Aesthetics of Verbal Art]. Moscow. 424 p. (in Russ.). Dima, A., 1977. The image of an alien in various national literatures. In: Printsipy sravnitel'nogo ...

... papers, Everett effectively summarizes the views on the subject of worldview. Everett’s standpoint does not show significant differences from those of Anna Wierzbicka, or Veronika N. Teliya. At the end of this article, Everett is compared to Émile Benveniste,... ... world]. Moscow. 7. Kovshova, M. L., 2012. Lingvokul'turologicheskii metod vo frazeologii: Kody kul'tury [Linguistic-cultural method in phraseology: Codes of culture]. Moscow. 8. Kovshova, M. L., Gudkov, D. B., 2017. Slovar' lingvokul'turologicheskikh ...

... managed to convey all the details). 1. Gadamer, Kh.-G., 1988. Istina i metod: Osnovy filosofskoi germenevtiki [Truth and method: Fundamentals of philosophical hermeneutics]. Moscow. 2. Kade, O., 1978. Problems of translation in the light of communication ... ... Arutyunova, ed. Perevod khudozhestvennykh tekstov v raznye epokhi [Logical analysis of the language. Translation of literary texts in different epochs]. Moscow, p. 19—30. 7. Tarasova, M. A., 2014. Perevody sovremennoi angloyazychnoi poezii na russkii yazyk v ...

... culture referents. 1. Apresyan, Yu. D., 1966. Idei i metody sovremennoi strukturnoi lingvistiki (kratkii ocherk) [Ideas and methods of modern structural linguistics (short essay)]. Moscow. pp. 253—254. 2. Arutyunova, N. D., 1976. Predlozhenie i ego ... ... vlasti i seksual'nosti. Raboty raznykh let [The will to truth. On the other side of knowledge, power and sexuality. Works of different years]. Moscow. p. 21. 37. Shul'ga, E. N., 2012. Symbolic interactionism and the problem of understanding. Filosofiya ...

This article investigates variations in a synthetic text manifested in word, sound, and performance. Based on earlier literary studies of the synthetic art phenomenon and its relevant methods, the authors set a theoretical and analytical framework for this research. The object of the study is verbal and musical subtexts, each performing a meaning-construction function. The difference between the performed and written texts is significant from the perspective of the capacities of meanings. However, the performed and written variants of the same text are equivalent. The study of variations in A. Bashlachev’s texts is based ...

... // Latviešu valoda 15 neatkarības gados. Rīga, 2007. 16. Dzenovska D. How to Be a Minority: The Politics of Conduct and Difference in the New Europe (в печати). 17. Edwards J. Challenges in the Social Life of Language. Basingstoke, 2011. ... ... //Latviešu valoda 15 neatkarības gados. Rīga, 2007. 28. Jørgensen M., Phillips L. Discourse Analysis as Theory and Method. L., 2002. 29. Kalniņa A., Sūna L. Kultūra un sabiedrības integrācija // Sabiedrības integrācijas tendences un ...

... related phenomena in morality, which makes it possible to determine the causes and nature of the transformation of morality in different eras and the accompanying change in the terminological apparatus of absolute ethical universalism, considered to be ... ... Suhrkamp, pp. 9-30. Hare, R. M., 1963. Freedom and Reason. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Hare, R. M., 1981. Moral Thinking. Its Levels, Method, and Point. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Hegel, G. W. F., 1991. Elements of the Philosophy of Right. Translated by H. B. Nisbeth,...

... suggests the very distinction between an analytic philosopher who searches for scientific truth and dialecticians and sophists. For different reasons, they do not claim any scientific seriousness. Adickes, E., 1887. Kants Systematik als systembildender ... .... Kuehn, M., 2005. Immanuel Kant. A Biography. Cambridge: Cambridge Universtiy Press. Leinsle, U. G., 1985. Das Ding und die Methode. Methodische Konstitution und Gegenstand der frühen protestantischen Metaphysik. I. Teil. Darstellung. Augsburg: Maro....

... examine whether Heidegger’s claim can bear up against a micro-hermeneutical and micro-analytical test. Such an examination, to be fair and appropriate to the leading aspects of the two philosophers, has to bear in mind from the very beginning the deep differences of these leading aspects: Kant concentrates on the formal structure and the strictly subjective status of time as a form of intuition, Heidegger concentrates on the roles time plays in the daily human world orientation. Under these methodical and conceptional pre-suppositions a close examination must come the result, that both conceptions complement, even complete one another. Heidegger comes closer to the type of time-experience as it is exposed by St. Augustine, Kant exposes a ...

... architectonics. The third part shows that Lakatos’s methodology can provide a detailed insight into the elements of transcendental philosophy, a clear idea of its logic and identify the component parts that can be improved and developed. In spite of the different levels of detailing and epistemological prerequisites, the methodologies of Kant and Lakatos can be combined to achieve a metaphilosophically informed and progressive understanding of philosophical projects. Apel, K.-O., 2011. Paradigmen ...

... was held on 9–11 October 2020 at the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU) in Kaliningrad. Fifteen participants from different countries discussed aspects of the Kantian understanding of science and the roles of reason in it: the unity, difference, and systematicity of the functions of reason in science, as they are revealed in Kant’s discussions of criteria of scientificity, the classification of sciences, or methods of theoretical and experimental research in specific sciences. The topics discussed fell into two broad categories: firstly, the relationship between metaphysics and science in the context of Kant’s time; secondly, the relevance of Kant’s ...

... our need for knowledge of the supersensible. To “lay the groundwork” for experience of our own self-conscious reality, the reality of others like ourselves, of things which transcend the boundaries of sense intuition, and of true reciprocity, a different method is needed, one which leads us “beyond being and thought” to the unconditional beginning of conditional reality. Allison, H., 2002. Editor’s Introduction. In: I. Kant, 2002. Theoretical Philosophy after 1781. Edited by H. Allison and ...

... using minimax reasoning. Scanlon includes other lawmakers, but any potential diversity among them is overridden by trans­historical canons of reason. By contrast, I view morality as developing historically through the interactions among people with different views and conflicting aims. The task of moral theory is to construct an appropriate methodology to govern their deliberations. My naturalised Kant takes the first steps. Morality arises from the recognition of problematic situations, identified ...

... theory. However, this thesis can only be confirmed in relation to individual theorems, such as the relationship between attraction and repulsion force, even though the reasons for Lambert and Kant’s deviation from Newton’s theory of gravity also differ. For in its main features the transcendental metaphysics of Kant’s nature is substantially different from the mathematical methodology of Lambert’s theory of nature. In addition, Lambert stuck throughout his life to a theonomous natural teleology ...

... Practical Reason these include the questions of manifestation of Gesinnung in the world, apprehended through the senses, the method of establishing and the culture of truly moral Gesinnung, as well as the problem of the immutability of Gesinnung in the ... ... W. F., 1971. Filosofskaia propedevtika [Philosophical Propaedeutics]. In: G. W. F. Hegel, 1971. Raboty raznykh let [Works of Different Years], Volume 2. Translated by B. A. Dragun. Moscow: Mysl, pp. 7-212. (In Rus.) Hegel, G. W. F., 1977. Filosofiia dukha ...

... Thus spirit and freedom find a new place separate from the sphere of physical nature; the category of adaptation explains how different ontologies can coexist; while the problem of two interpretations of transcendental idealism (two-world vs. two-aspect ... ... Contemporary Readings. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, рp. 231-247. Maddy, P., 2007. Second Philosophy: A Naturalistic Method. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Oberst, M., 2015. Two Worlds and Two Aspects: on Kant’s Distinction between Things ...

... of architectonic ideas of science, sciences and parts of sciences. In the first section (I), I show what Kant means by the architectonic ideas by explaining and interrelating the concepts of (a) the faculty of reason, (b) ideas (as principles), (c) method, and (d) sciences of reason. Thereafter (II), I think through his holistic understanding of science and scientific progress and suggest differentiating between four levels of use of architectonic ideas, drawing on the metaphor of a well-structured ...

... deduction. Kant offers with the subjective deduction, as introduced in the “Preface” (of the first edition of the Critique of Pure Reason) and again in the “first book” of the “Transcendental Dialectic”, a first argumentative strategy, which differs from the objective one but provides “some objective validity” (KrV, A 664 / B 692; Kant, 1998, p. 602) and therefore has systematic importance for the principles of homogeneity, specification, and continuity. My aim is to offer immanent strategies ...

... by C. A. Crusius and M. Mendelssohn. I have also included an overview of English versions of translations of Kant’s term Gesinnung (disposition, attitude, conviction, sentiment, comportment of mind, intention, Gesinnung) and their more important differences and have shown the unhistorical character of the translation arguments in modern English-speaking Kant scholarship which totally ignores pre-Kantian history and the context of Kant’s contemporaries. Proceeding from this study the next part ...

... this brings logic within the intellectual reach of any civilised person, providing him/her with an instrument of performing their own mission, i. e. the employment of their reason. The very fact that the content of logic for women is practically no different from the content of classical compendiums was a revolutionary development, a practical implementation of the postulate that logic is universal and can be understood by everyone, a principle formulated earlier in the works of C. Thomasius and ...

... theory of Ideas, in Kant’s moral philosophy, his ethics and his doctrine of right. Kant saw himself as a follower of Platonism insofar as its anti-empiri­cist principles of human conduct are concerned, although his own version of practical rationalism differs considerably from Plato’s. This is also true of Kant’s conception of freedom and of human rights. The greatest impact on Kant’s moral philosophy is due to the doctrine of the two worlds, the mundus sensibilis and the mundus intelligibilis,...

... small work went almost unnoticed, such ideas were expressed by at least two other mathematicians. In modern mathematics, particularly, Martin-Löf type theory, the existence of synthetic a priori truths, is considered justified. Although it is based on different grounds than those mentioned above, it is nevertheless compatible with Gödel’s results. Analysing proofs of existence of synthetic a priori judgements helps demonstrate that a solution to this problem is determined by the implicitly or explicitly ...