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... импорта. Труды по русской литературе XVIII века. М., 2005. (Studia philologica). 7. Лебедева О. Б. История русской литературы XVIII века : учебник. М., 2003. 8. La bégueule, conte moral, par M. de Voltaire. Geneve, 1772.

... foundation of the original pedagogy of Königsberg, which was called by K. Garber “an emblem of apocalypse” is Kant’s philosophical conviction that humanity will attain “perpetual peace” in the graveyard of humankind unless they make the “moral law” the initial principle of any causality. It is shown that N. M. Karamzin unveils the essence of this law with impressive precision and brevity in his letter. 1. Берковский Н. Я. Романтизм в Германии. Л., 1973....

... Postmoderne: Zur Literatur- und Kulturgeschichte in Deutschland 1980—1995. Frankfurt a/M.; B.; Bern u. a., 1996. 6. Sparschuh J. Der Zimmerspringbrunnen. Roman. Köln, 1995. 7. Wittstock U. Die Dichter und ihre Richter. Literaturstreit im Namen der Moral: Warum die Schriftsteller aus der DDR als Sündenböcke herhalten müssen //Süddeutsche Zeitung. V. 13/14.10.1990.

... Russian Revolution implies an overall rethinking of his own relation to Marx as well as to Kant. Already in the spring of 1917, Gramsci foresaw that the February Revolution could become a proletarian revolution and that this would realise in fact Kant’s moral: only a society completely freed from oppression and exploitation would allow people to be free and autonomous. After the fall of the Winter Palace, Gramsci wrote that the revolution happened “against Marx’s Capital”, or better, against its ...

In the mid-1760s, Johann Heinrich Lambert wrote a letter to Kant who offered cooperation with a view to reforming metaphysics. Based on the short correspondence between the two philosophers, it can be shown that this cooperation could never really come about. Nevertheless the thesis was sometimes put forward in research that Lambert had a defining influence on Kant’s Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science, also, and above all, with regard to the Newton-critical moments of this natur­al theory...

... Moscow: GAUGN Press, pp. 11-13. (In Rus.) Kalinnikov, L. A., 2018b. A. S. Pushkin i I. Kant. Pojet i filosofija [Pushkin and Kant. The Poet and Philosophy]. Kaliningrad: IKBFU Press. (In Rus.) Kalinnikov, L. A., 2019a. I. Kant’s “Metaphysics of Morals” in “The Captain’s Daughter”. Voprosy Literatury, 3, pp. 105-140. (In Rus.) Kalinnikov, L. A., 2019b. The Nature and Specificity of Kant’s Transcendental Philosophy. In: S. L. Katrechko and A. A. Shiyan, eds. 2019. Transcendental’nyj ...

... the apparatus for keeping the reader’s attention through linguistic devices and practices of image-creating. The authors demonstrate how the categories of the “beautiful” and “sublime” become a general framework for the description of the moral and mental properties of human nature. The authors show that Kant’s use of “aesthetic” wording in the title of his treatise does not announce that his aim is analysis of artistic perception and practices, but mainly refers to the form of his ...

... Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason]. Beijing: 人民出版社 Renmin chubanshe [People’s Publishing House]. Deng, X., 2012. 康德道德形而上学奠基句读 Daode xing’ershangxue dianji judu [A Commentary of Kant’s Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals]. Beijing: 人民出版社 Renmin chubanshe [People’s Publishing House]. Deng, X., 2014a. Eleven Lectures on Cultural Comparison between China and the West. Translated by C. Peng. Nottingham: Aurora Publishing LLC. Deng, X., 2014b. 世纪之风: ...

... Cambridge University Press, pp. 107-202. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Edited by and Translated by P. Guyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2011. Inquiry Concerning the Distinctness of the Principles of Natural Theology and Morality. In: I. Kant, 2011. Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime and Other Writings. Edited by P. Frierson and P. Guyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 221-250. Klenk, G.F., 1953. Heidegger und Kant. Gregorianum, 34(1),...

... Theoretical Philosophy, 1755-1770. Translated and edited by D. Walford in collaboration with R. Meerbote. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 203-242. Kant, I., 1992b. Inquiry Concerning the Distinctness of the Principles of Natural Theology and Morality. In: I. Kant, 1992. Theoretical philosophy, 1755-1770. Translated and edited by D. Walford and R. Meerbote. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 243-286. Kant, I., 1992c. On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and the Intelligible ...

The problem of rationality today means the problem of the inner unreasonableness of reasonableness in the sense of its inner limit. Even the humanistic revolution of the Renaissance gradually led to the replacement of the power of omnipotent faith by faith in the omnipotence of power. It is this general orientation towards power and the cult of power, this new belief in power, that revealed itself more and more sharply in the course of European history and eventually led to extreme forms of expression...

... Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 1996a. Critique of Practical Reason. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Translated and edited by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 133-272. Kant, I., 1996b. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Translated and edited by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 37-109. Kant, I., 1997. Metaphysik Mrongovius. In: I. Kant, 1997. Lectures on Metaphysics. Edited and translated by K. Ameriks ...

... neokantianstvo: ‘Marburg’ v Rossii. Istoriko-filosofskie ocherki [Russian Neo-Kantianism: Marburg in Russia. Historical and Philosophical Essays]. Moscow: ROSSPEN. (In Rus.) Dmitrieva, N. A., 2021. The Kantian Origins of Sergei Rubinstein’s Theory of Moral Improvement. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 55(6), pp. 1126-1141. Edel, G., 2002. Fichte — Marburger Neukantianismus (insbesondere Natorp) und die philosophische Methode. In: D. Pätzold and Ch. Krijnen, eds. 2002. Der Neukantianismus und ...

... Moralbewußtsein und kommunikatives Handeln. Frankfurt a/M : Suhrkamp, 1983. S. 53—126. Habermas J. Nachmetaphysisches Denken. Frankfurt a/M : Suhrkamp, 1988. Habermas J. Nachmetaphysisches Denken II. Frank­furt a/M : Suhrkamp, 2012. Langthaler R. Führt Moral unumgänglich zur Religion? Zur Kritik der Kantischen Religions­philosophie bei Jürgen Habermas — eine Entgegnung. Freiburg ; München : Alber, 2021. Rawls J. Eine Theorie der Gerechtigkeit. Frankfurt a/M : Suhrkamp, 1979.

The “Cambridge pragmatists”, Charles S. Peirce, William James and Josiah Royce, are at least in two respects significantly indebted to Kant: first, as von Kempski, Apel and Murphey have shown, with regard to the epistemological issues investigated in pragmatism; secondly, with regard to the various pragmatic approaches to religion, something which has been long overlooked. These approaches are best understood as innovative re-readings of Kant’s postulates of freedom, immortality, and God. Since Hilary...

... History and Culture: Forgotten Pages of Russian Neo-Kantianism. Russian Foundation for Basic Research Journal. Humanities and Social Sciences, 3(88), pp. 94-102. (In Russ.) Eco, U., 2002. Migration, Tolerance and Intolerance. In: U. Eco, 2002. Five Moral Pieces. Translated by A. McEwen. New York & San Diego & London: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, pp. 89-111. Hans, N., 1950. Sergius Hessen. The Slavonic and East European Review, 72(29), pp. 296-298. Hardtwig, W., 2009. Macht, Emotion und Geselligkeit....

... Philosophies of Russian Liberalism. New York: Clarendon Press of Oxford University Press. Weber, M., 2019. Economy and Society: A New Translation. Edited and translated by K. Tribe. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Windelband, W., 1907. Vom Prinzip der Moral. In: W. Windelband, 1907. Präludien. Aufsätze und Reden zur Einleitung in die Philosophie. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, pp. 380-413. Woytinsky, W., 1935. Planned Economy and Modern Labor Movement. Sovremennye zapiski / Annales contemporaines, 25, ...

... and edited by J. M. Young. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2005a. Notes and Fragments. Translated by C. Bowman, P. Guyer and F. Rauscher, edited by P. Guyer. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2005b. The Metaphysics of Morals. In: I. Kant, 2005. Practical Philosophy. Translated and edited by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 353-603. Kant, I., 2007. The False Subtlety of the Four Syllogistic Figures. In: I. Kant, Theoretical Philosophy 1755–1770....

... Bakhtin, ili Poetika kul’tury [Mikhail Mikhailovich Bakhtin, or Poetics of Culture]. Moscow: Progress; Gnozis. (In Rus.) Bienenstock, M., ed. 2011. Hermann Cohen: l’idéalisme critique aux prises avec le matérialisme. Revue de métaphysique et de morale, 1. Bienenstock, M., 2018. Cohen und Rosenzweig: ihre Auseinandersetzung mit dem deutschen Idealismus. Freiburg: Verlag Karl Alber. Buber, M., 1923. Ich und Du. In: M. Buber, 1997. Das dialogische Prinzip. Heidelberg: Schneider, pp. 7-138. Buber,...

... Élémentaire. Lausanne: Ravanel. Grätz, M., 2013. Adolf Freiherr Knigge und seine Tochter Philippine. Briefe und Schriften. Göttingen: Wallstein. Grätz, M., 1999. Knigge als Erzieher in Theorie und Praxis. In: M. Rector, ed. 1999. Zwischen Weltklugheit und Moral. Der Aufklärer Adolph Freiherr Knigge. Göttingen: Wallstein. Griesbach, H., Schulz, D., 1976. Deutsche Sprachlehre für Ausländer. München: Hueber. Hinske, N., 1990. Einleitung. In: N. Hinske, ed. 1990. Was ist Aufklarung? Beiträge aus der ...

... Platonismus. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, pp. 227-240. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Edited and translated by P. Guyer and A. W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2011. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. A German-English Edition. Traslated by M. Gregor, edited by J. Timmermann. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kubalica, T., 2010. Relative Truth of the Reflection Theory in the Interpretation of Heinrich Rickert. (Translated by V. Prokhorov ...

Carruthers, P., 2017. Higher-Order Theories of Consciousness. In: S. Schneider and M. Velmans, eds. 2017. The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness. Hoboken. N. J.: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 288-297. Home, H., 2005. Essays on Principles of Morality and Natural Religion. Natural Law and Enlightenment Classics. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund. Hume, D., 1960. A Treatise of Human Nature. Reprinted from the original edition in 3 volumes and edited, with an Analytical Index, by L. A. Selby-Bigge....

... namely P. Natorp, S. I. Hessen, M. M. Rubinstein. In order to identify the peculiarities of the approaches of the Neo-Kantians to legal consciousness in children, I show that the widely accepted view that Hessen borrowed Natorp’s hierarchical triad of moral development — anomie, heteronomy, and autonomy — lacks a solid ground. Moreover, Natorp generally does not use the concept of anomie to characterise the state of morality and legal consciousness during early childhood, and Rubinstein’s position ...

... out how this architectonic methodological function of pure reason is tacitly used in Karl-Otto Apel’s contemporary philosophical research programme. Apel, K.-O., 1988. Diskurs und Verantwortung. Das Problem des Übergangs zur postkonventionellen Moral. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Apel, K.-O., 1994a. Selected Essays, Volume 1: Towards a Transcendental Semiotics. Edited by E. Mendieta. New Jersey: Humanities Press. Apel, K.-O., 1994b. From a Transcendental-Semiotic Point of View. Edited by M. ...

... of Practical Reason (1788), and, in 2019, 120 years will have passed since the publication of Solovyov’s final version of The Justification of the Good (1899). Both of these works are the apexes of two different, yet closely related, traditions of moral philosophy — the German and the Russian. The conference will be devoted to the study of overlaps and influences between currently relevant aspects of the legacies of Kant and Solovyov. These aspects will also be examined in light of the views ...

... context of the Enlightenment and the philosophy of religion. Although Lessing and Kant are both committed to the ideas of the Enlightenment and also appear as “related in essence”, above all with regard to religio-philosophical questions, Kant’s “moral determined monotheism” also contains an obvious criticism of Lessing’s religio-philosophical doctrines. This is also obvious in Kant’s — direct and indirect — confrontation with the “Ring Parable” in Lessing’s drama Nathan the Wise....

This interview with Professor Dr Jürgen Stolzenberg, board member of the Kant-Gesellschaft and co-editor of the Kant-Lexikon (2015), explores a wide range of topics — from Leibniz and Wolff to Heidegger and Husserl. The leading idea of Stolzenberg’s philosophical research is the justification of the principle of modern subjectivity in Kant’s philosophy and its transformations until our days. He discusses the meaning and development of the concept of self-consciousness and the understanding of subjectivity...

... Ethics and Our Duties to Animals. In: G. B. Peterson, ed. 2004. The Tanner Lectures on Human Values, Volume 25/26. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press, pp. 77-110. Korsgaard, C.M., 2008. The Constitution of Agency: Essays on Practical Reason and Moral Psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Korsgaard, C.M., 2009. Self-Constitution: Agency, Identity, and Integrity. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Korsgaard, C.M., 2018. Fellow Creatures: Our Obligations to the Other Animals. Oxford: Oxford ...

The author analyses the Enlightenment's principle of justifying lie from altruistic motives, which was criticised by Kant in the article "On a supposed right..." The article considers the advantages and disadvantages of arguments drawn in Kant's work. The author proves and specifies the admissibility of lie due to ethical and legal principles put forward by Kant in other publications and lectures, namely: need for self-defence and internal legal duty to humanity (categorical imperative)...

In the paper it is shown that E. T. A. Hoffmann has been valuing the post-Napoleon politics of Prussia in the Christmas tale "Meister Floh" from the Kantian position. The cardinal problem of the tale — shown in "Halle-gorisch und Jena-logisch" manner how Hoffmann himself had characterized his style — is the problem of constitution for Prussia. 1. Гофман Э. Т. А. Повелитель блох // Э. Т. А. Гофман. Избранные произведения: в 3 т. Т. 2. М., 1962. 2. Гофман Э. Т. А. Житейские воззрения...

The early reception of Kantianism in Russia at the turn of the 18th century took place at Moscow University and was connected with the endeavours of two graduates of Göttingen University. J. W. L. Mellmann was the first adherent of Kant's critical philosophy in Russia and thus provoked a philosophical-theological-administrative conflict, which led to his untimely death. J. G. Buhle taught one of the first courses on Kant's philosophy of the critical period and safely returned to Germany after a 20...

... Bd. 1 — 3 / hrsg. von W. Ziesemer, A. Henkel. Wies­baden, 1955—1957; Bd. 4 — 7 / hrsg. von A. Henkel. Wiesbaden, 1959; Frankfurt am Main, 1965—1979. 24. Hume D. Enquires concerning the human understanding and concerning the prin­ciples of morals / ed. by L. A. Selby-Bigge. Oxford, 1951. 25. Roth F. Hamanns Schriften. 8 Bde. Berlin, 1821—1843.

This article proves that the philosophical system of Kant is a system of transcendental anthropology, which acts a method in Kant’s pragmatic anthropology. The essence of transcendental anthropology is the metaphysics of morals. This role of morals manifests itself in the primacy of practical reason over the theoretical one. The humanity owes its development and existence to the practical reason. In Kant’s system, morality is the essence of humanity. 1. Гартман ...

... of Political Economy. 1974. 82(6). Р. 1063—1093. 4. Buchanan J., Tullock G. The Calculus of Consent // The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan. Indianapolis, 1999. Vol. 3. 5. Dworkin R. Taking Rights Seriously. Cambridge; MA, 1977. 6. Gaultier D. Morals by Agreement. Oxford, 1986. 7. Kymlicka W. Contemporary Political Philosophy. Oxford, 2002. 8. MacIntyre A. After Virtue. Notre Dame, 1981. 9. MacIntyre A. Whose Justice? Which Rationality? Notre Dame, 1988. 10. Rawls J. A Theory of Justice. Cambridge; ...

... Spitz R. A., Wolf U. M. The Smiling Response: A Contribution to the Ontogenesis of Social Relations // Genetic Psychology Monoprints. 1946. 34. S. 57—125. 11. Stern D. Mutter und Kind. Die erste Beziehung. Stuttgart, 1979. 12. Velleman J. D. Love as a Moral Emotion // Ethics, 1999. Vol. 109. S. 338—374. 13. Winnicott D. Die Spiegelfunktion von Mutter und Familie in der kindlichen Ent­wicklung // Winnicott, Donald: Vom Spiel zur Kreativitaet, Stuttgart, 1974. S. 128—135.

This paper shows that E. T. A. Hoffmann assessed the post-Napoleon politics of Prussia in the Christmas tale “Meister Floh” from a Kantian perspective. The cardinal problem of the tale — shown in the “Hallegorisch und Jena-logisch” manner, as Hoffmann himself defined his style — is the problem of a constitutional system in Prussia. 1.Гарденберг Ф. фон (Новалис). Вера и любовь, или король и королева // Эстети­ка немецких романтиков. М., 1987. 2.Гофман Э. Т. А. Повелитель блох // Избранные произведения:...

Der Autor des Artikels analysiert zunächst den Inhalt der Kantschen Religionsphilosophie (Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft), um dann ihre Wirkungsgeschichte zu verfolgen und ihre Aktualität aufzuzeigen. In groben Zügen, aber doch ausführlicher als andere Lehren, betrachtet er in diesem Zusammenhang die philosophischen Ansichten von Hegel, Schleiermacher und Kierkegaard. Habermas schlägt vor, Kants Moralphilosophie insgesamt als Versuch anzusehen, das kategorische Sollen göttlicher...

1.Кант И. Критика практического разума // Собр. соч.: в 8 т. / под ред. А. В. Гу­лыги. М., 1994. Т. 4. 2.Кант И. Критика чистого разума. М., 1994. 3.Кант И. О единственно возможном основании для доказательства бытия Бога // Собр. соч.: в 8 т. / под ред. А. В. Гулыги. М., 1994. Т. 1. 4.Arnold E. Möglichst vollständiges Verzeichniss aller von Kant gehaltenen oder auch nur angekündigten Vorlesungen nebst darauf bezüglichen Notizen und Bemerkun­gen // Altpreussische Monatsschrift. Königsberg, 1893. Bd...

... reason, the figure of the biblical Christ of Nazareth and Kant's interpretation of his personality. The author focuses on the question, whether the Biblical Christ, as a real historical person, is the personification of the idea of the absolute good and moral perfection. 1. Кант И. Религия в пределах только разума // Собр. соч.: в 8 т. М., 1994. Т. 6. 2. Его же. Метафизика нравов // Там же. 3. Его же. Спор факультетов....

... Berganza". The author shows the influence of Kant's epistemological and ethical ideas on the Weltanschauung of E. T. A. Hoffmann for whom the human nature and the essence of humanity became one of the central problems. Following Kant, Hoffmann considered morals the measure of humanity. 1. Гёте И. В. Фауст / пер. Б. Пастернака // Собр. соч.: в 10 т. М., 1976. Т. 2. 2. Гофман Э. Т. А. Известие о дальнейших судьбах собаки Берганца ...

... practical philosophies. Another important result is identifying the principles and departure point ideas for both thinkers. These are a shared understanding of the relationship between theoretical and practical reason, the principle of the ‘purity’ of moral motives and compulsoriness of the a priori, the idea of parallelism between logic and ethics, the interaction between will and mind, and the determining role of the categorical imperative. The author stresses that an adequate understanding of the ...

... Шопенгауэр А. Мир как воля и представление: в 2 т. Минск, 1999. Т. 2. 11. Bedau H. A. Casuistry // Encyclopedia of Ethics. 2nd ed. N. Y., 2001. 12. Jonsen A. R., Toulmin S. The Abuse of Casuistry: a History of Moral Reasoning. University of California Press, 1997. 13. Kim S. B. The Formation of Kant’s Casuistry and Method Problems of Applied Ethics // Kant-Studien. 100. Jahrgang. 2009. H. 3. S. 332—346. 14. Kiowsky H. Die intuitive Erkenntnis bei Schopenhauer ...

The paper focuses on the problem of anthropodicy in the philosophical system of Hermann Cohen and its interpretation by Jacob Gordin (1896—1947). Gordin was one of the last followers of Cohen in Russia. He developes his interpretation in the lecture “Anthropodicy”, which was given in the Philosophical Circle at the Petrograd University in December 1921. For the study of the problem of anthropodicy he was apparently inspired by the discussions at the Free Philosophical Association in 1919—1921. Gordin...

Kant scholars have rarely addressed the notion of optimism as it was interpreted by the Königsbergian philosopher in the mid-18th century. The notion originates from Leibniz’s Theodi­cy and from debates over whether the actual world is the best of all possible worlds. The first of a two-part series, this article studies the historical context in which appeared Kant’s 1759 lecture advertisement leaflet entitled An Attempt at Some Reflections on Optimism. The study describes the requirements of the...

The article discusses the possibility of detecting the grounds of the aesthetization process in modern culture in the structure of the Kantian philosophy. The connection of Kant's aesthetics with science and morality is traced, and also Kant’s influence on the romantic philosophy of art is revealed. The loss of its classical boundaries by modern aesthetics is shown as originated in the Kantian philosophy, though it was this very philosophy in which these ...

1. Виндельбанд В. Критический или генетический метод? // Виндельбанд В. Прелюдии. Философские статьи и речи / пер. с нем. С. Л. Франка. СПб., 1904. С. 225—251. 2. Виндельбанд В. Нормы и законы природы // Там же. С. 195—224. 3. Виндельбанд В. О принципе морали // Там же. С. 252—277. 4. Виндельбанд В. Система категорий // Там же. С. 334—350. 5. Лопатин Л. М. Вопрос о свободе воли // Лопатин Л. М. Аксиомы философии.Избр.

... philosophy. Kant’s understanding of this term differs from the previous tradition. For Kant, postulates are originally subjective propositions necessarily supposed as objective ones. Otherwise, the systematic theoretical cognition and compliance with the moral law become impossible. However, this feature of Kant’s word usage is hardly taken into consideration. That is why Kant is wrongly accused of atheism. 1. Аристотель. Вторая аналитика // Собр. соч.: в 4 т. / под ...

... rational respect for unconditioned good, and non-self-regarding love for humanity. A synthetic union of the above gives the conceptual key to the critical philosophy of love, which was never fully articulated in Kant’s lectures or published works. Moral love and legal awareness prevent the encroachment of vital love, as the maxims of ‘barbarian taste’ are being overcome. Aesthetic love — which dwells in the element of sophisticated taste as a capacity to judge with pleasure in matters of ...

This article proves that Kant's philosophical system is a system of transcendental anthropology, which acts as a method in Kant’s pragmatic anthropology. The essence of transcendental anthropology is the metaphysics of morals. This role of morals manifests itself in the primacy of practical reason over the theoretical one. The humanity owes its development and existence to the practical reason. In Kant’s system, morality is the essence of humanity. 1. Апель ...