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... Ultimately, the history of image of N. Karamzin in Russian poetry shows his relevance at hard and critical times of country’s history when fundamental values and value orientations were strained, but human worth which N. Karamzin presented to the world the full took on particular significance. 1. Аксаков К. С. О Карамзине. Речь, написанная для произнесения пред Симбирским дворянством // Русская литература....

1. В Калининграде организовывают научно-практическую конференцию «Владимир-Креститель и судьбы русского мира: история, словесность, культура». URL: http://kaliningradtoday.ru/society/education/01105448 (дата обращения: 17.11.2015). 2. Изотова Т. А. У каждого поколения — свой Гоголь // Калининградская правда. № 194. С. 6.

... idea” the paper shows the suitability of appealing to Karamzin’s historiographical methodology against the backdrop of still controversial dynamics of Russian history, with its typical duality, dual beliefs, and vagueness regarding its place in the world. 1. Бердяев Н. А. Смысл истории. М., 1990. 2. Гадамер Х.-Г. Истина и метод: Основы философской герменевтики. М., 1988. 3. Два лика русской культуры ...

... mother-child dyads, a number of maternal communication techniques are identified, which are proven to be teleonomic using a cognitive discursive analysis. Using these techniques, mothers create value fundamentals of the Russian ethnic picture of the world in the cognitive experience of a child. The article examines verbal and non-verbal means of implementing such techniques and characterises the developed value fundamentals. 1. Аркадьев П. М., Крейдлин Г. Е. Части тела ...

This article outlines the major problems of studying Russian hagiography. The author responds to the challenge of performing a comprehensive analysis of a hagiographic text, while preserving the unity of the content and the form. Considering hagiography as an ecclesiastical genre and a form of the Sacred Tradition, the author addresses the analysis methodology and proposes to combine the principles of hagiology and literary and philological research on hagiographic texts. The primary focus is on...

... article considers the content and style of R. Karadžić’s poetry and their multiaspect proximity to Russian poetry. Such features include philosophicity, special lyricism oriented to the existential feeling of the author, tragic perception of the world and the place of the persona in it. Moreover, it is humour and propensity for a paradox characteristic of folklore. 1. Блок А. А. «Да. Так диктует вдохновенье…». URL: http://www.stihi-xix-xx-vekov.ru/blok199....

It is stressed that the metaphysical foundation of the original pedagogy of Königsberg, which was called by K. Garber “an emblem of apocalypse” is Kant’s philosophical conviction that humanity will attain “perpetual peace” in the graveyard of humankind unless they make the “moral law” the initial principle of any causality. It is shown that N. M. Karamzin unveils the essence of this law with impressive precision and brevity in his letter. 1. Берковский Н. Я. Романтизм в Германии. Л., 1973. 2....

... ‘Königsberg text’. Despite the differences in diagnosing the modern state of affairs, which is being reduced to the binary opposition of the ‘optimistic belief in progress’ vs the ‘apocalyptic belief in the inevitability of the end of the world’, the chronosoteriologies of the ‘Königsberg text’ represented in the works of Dach, Donelaitis, Kant, Bobrowski show a remarkable potential of ideas, which are significant in their relevance for the ‘grammar’ if not of survival then ...

... romanticism identifies the problem of a human being as a “field of fate” — a site of the battle between the Light and Darkness. The author emphasises the transformation of the legend of Napoleon in the German romanticism from the idealisation of the “world spirit” (G. W. H. Hegel) to defining it as a “symbol of social unnaturlaity” (H. von Kleist). 1. Гёте И. В. Фауст // Собр. соч. : в 10 т. М., 1976. Т. 2. 2. Эккерман И. П. Разговоры с Гёте. Ереван,...

This article analyses the role of the cathedral and the icon in the lives of V. Shukshin’s characters: the author shows the most important features of the Russian national character of the second half of the 20th century, as well as the peculiarities of the axiological system characteristic of a non-clerical, but religious consciousness. The author identifies typological features of the characters according to their attitude to the society and nature. The article shows how the tradition of Russian...

The criminal song is considered as a phenomenon of urban folklore functionally linked to the criminal community as an archaic subculture. The author characterises the plot structure of the criminal song: the system-building characters, their plot function, and typical motives. The article poses the question as to the thematic typology of the criminal song. It is emphasised that the bearer of the criminal song characteristics, its “gene” is the main character (the crime lord), whereas the other characters...

This article considers the transformation of traditional iconographic elements of the Western branch of Eastern Slavic icon painting in view of the civilisational processes developing in the late Middle Ages. It is stressed that the iconography of the Last Judgement was represented by more complex — in terms of composition and ideas — works reflecting the prevalent views of the Galich Rusyns of the time. The proliferation of the Last Judgement compositions in the Eastern Slavic area is linked to...

1. Аустерс И., Голубева М. и др. Многообразие входит в латышские школы:дети национальных меньшинств в латышских школах. Рига, 2006. 2. Друвиете И. Функционирование и статус латышского языка // Коммунист Советской Латвии. 1988. № 12. C. 45—51. 3. Шюц А. Чужак // Избранное: Мир, светящийся смыслом. М., 2004. 4. Apine I. Etnopolitikas analīze // Pretestība sabiedrības integrācijai: cēloņi un sekas. Rīga, 2007. 5. Baetens Beardsmore H. Who is afraid of bilingualism? // Bilingualism:Beyond Basic...

1. Алефиренко Н. Ф. Интерлингвистические теории. Социолингвистика //Алефиренко Н. Ф. Современные проблемы науки о языке. М., 2005. 2. Алпатов В. М. 150 языков и политика. 1917—2000. Социолингвистические проблемы СССР и постсоветского пространства. М., 2000. 3. Джусупов М. Социолингвистика, лингводидактика, методика (взаимосвязь и взаимообусловленность) // Русский язык за рубежом. М., 2012. № 1. 4. Швейцер А. Д. Современная социолингвистика. Теория, проблемы, метод. М., 1976.

... & Neumann. Klimmek, N., 2005. Kants System der transzendentalen Ideen. Berlin und Boston: De Gruyter. Koriako, D., 1999. Kants Philosophie der Mathematik. Grundlagen — Voraussetzungen — Probleme. Hamburg: Meiner. Kreines, J., 2015. Reason in the World. Hegel’s Metaphysics and its Philosophical Appeal. Oxford: Oxford University Press. La Rocca, C., 2011. Formen des Als Ob bei Kant. In: B. Dörflinger und G. Kruck, Hg. 2011. Über den Nutzen von Illusionen. Die regulativen Ideen in Kants theoretischer ...

..., pp. 150-170. Dreyfus, H. and Taylor, C., 2015. Retrieving Realism. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press. Forrest, K., 2021. When Machines Can Be Judge, Jury, and Executioner: Justice in the Age of Artificial Intelligence. New Jersey: World Scientific Publishing House. Habermas, J., 2019. Auch eine Geschichte der Philosophie. Volume 2: Vernünftige Freiheit: Spuren des Diskurses über Glauben und Wissen. Berlin: Suhrkamp. Herman, B., 1993. The Practice of Moral Judgment. Cambridge,...

... and E. Matthews. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kleingeld, P., 2017. Contradiction and Kant’s Formula of Universal Law. Kant-Studien, 108(1), pp. 89-115. Mill, J. S., 1859. On Liberty. In: R. M. Hutchins, ed. 1952. Great Books of the Western World 43: American State Papers. The Federalist. J. S. Mill. Chicago: Encyclopedia Britannica, pp. 265-323. Miller, L. F., 2017. No Longer as Free as the Wind: Human Reproduction and Parenting Enter the Scope of Morality. Ethical Theory and Moral Practice,...

... Timmermann. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Kitcher, Ph., 2011. The Ethical Project. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Kitcher, Ph., 2021a. Moral Progress. New York: Oxford University Press. Kitcher, Ph., 2021b. The Main Enterprise of the World: Rethinking Education. New York: Oxford University Press. Kleingeld, P., 2015. Freedom of the Will as Moral Self-Legislation. Lecture delivered at the 12th International Kant Congress, Vienna. [unpublished manuscript] (Personal communication, 10 ...

... Kantian Review, 24(2), pp. 171-195. Locke, J., 1975. An Essay Concerning Human Understanding. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Longuenesse, B., 1998. Kant and the Capacity to Judge. Princeton: Princeton University Press. McDowell, J., 1994. Mind and World. Cambridge (Mass.): Harvard University Press. Michel, K., 2003. Untersuchungen zur Zeitkonzeption in der Kritik der reinen Vernunft. Berlin und New York: De Gruyter. Mohr, G., 1991. Das sinnliche Ich. Innerer Sinn und Bewußtsein bei Kant, Würzburg: ...

... Directions in Space. Translated by D. Walford. In: I. Kant, 1992. Theoretical philosophy, 1755-1770. Edited by D. Walford. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 365-372. Kant, I., 1992b. On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and the Intelligible World [Inaugural Dissertation]. In: I. Kant, 1992. Theoretical philosophy, 1755-1770. Edited by D. Walford. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 373-416. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated by P. Guyer and A. W. Wood. Cambridge: ...

... Morality. In: I. Kant, 1992. Theoretical philosophy, 1755-1770. Translated and edited by D. Walford and R. Meerbote. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 243-286. Kant, I., 1992c. On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and the Intelligible World. In: I. Kant, 1992. Theoretical Philosophy 1755-1770. Translated and edited by D. Walford. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 373-416. Kant I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated by P. Guyer, A. Wood. New York: Cambridge University ...

... transcendent but immanent to him/her. I also note that in characterising being Heidegger gradually moves from “time” to “work of art” in the frame of which the power of imagination does not simply reflect reality, but creates multiple diverse worlds. Banham, G., 2005. Kant’s Transcendental Imagination. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Bibler, V. S., 1991. Ot naukoucheniya k logike kul’tury [From Science to the Logic of Culture]. Moscow: Nauka. (In Rus.) Chernyak, L. S., 2014. Vechnost’ ...

... belongings have survived. Many pieces of furniture and household utensils were auctioned off after his death. So the Kant museum had few original exhibits from the Königsberg thinker’s house, and almost all these artefacts were lost during the Second World War. Today, digital technologies make it possible to present a virtual picture of the various rooms, reconstruct the decorations and furniture characteristic of a Prussian urban dwelling in late eighteenth — early nineteenth centuries. With the ...

... thinking and is not absorbed by it. In Fichte’s Science of Knowledge pure thinking moves in a logical circle, having no access into real being. In an effort to break out of this circle and find its causality, thinking turns not to the being of the world of phenomena, but to the Absolute I. Such a speculative approach to consciousness, thinking and being has little in common with Cohen’s critical position. Aquila, R. E., 1989. Matter in Mind: A Study of Kant’s Transcendental Deduction....

... turned to his ideas during that period Belarusian authors described and analysed them primarily in textbooks or when examining, or rather criticising, the views of Western philosophers, thereby rigidly adhering to Lenin’s assessments. During and after World War II the number of studies was also very insignificant. It was not until the beginning of Perestroika that an urgent need was felt for a new reading of Western philosophy, and interest in Kant’s heritage in the country increased sharply. A surge ...

... mind from the very beginning the deep differences of these leading aspects: Kant concentrates on the formal structure and the strictly subjective status of time as a form of intuition, Heidegger concentrates on the roles time plays in the daily human world orientation. Under these methodical and conceptional pre-suppositions a close examination must come the result, that both conceptions complement, even complete one another. Heidegger comes closer to the type of time-experience as it is exposed by ...

... moralischen Selbsterkenntnis. Kant-Studien, 97(2), S. 163-183. Boyle, M., 2009. Two Kinds of Self-Knowledge. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 78(1), pp. 133-164. Emundts, D., 2013. Kant über Selbstbewusstsein. In: D. Emundts, ed. 2013. Self, World, and Art. Metaphysical Topics in Kant and Hegel. Berlin und Boston: De Gruyter, S. 51-77. Emundts, D., 2017. Kant’s Ideal of Self-Knowledge. In: U. Renz, ed. 2017. Self-Knowledge. A History. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 183-198....

... Sensual, Intellectual, and Mystical Intuition. Moscow: Republic, pp. 136-288. (In Rus.). Lossky, N. O., 1919. The Intuitive Basis of Knowledge. Translated by N. A. Duddington, with a Preface by G. D. Hickes. London: Macmillan & Co. Lossky, N.O., 1928. The World as an Organic Whole. Translated by N.A. Duddington. Oxford: Humphrey Milford. Navickas, J. L., 1978. N. Lossky’s Moral Philosophy and M. Scheler’s Phenomenology. Studies in Soviet Thought, 18(2), pp. 121-130. Oizerman, T. I., 1994. Kant’s ...

... 1998. Mind, Value and Reality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 77-94. McDowell, J., 1998b. Virtue and Reason. In: J. McDowell, 1998. Mind, Value and Reality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, pp. 50-73. McDowell, J., 1996. Mind and World. Second Edition. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1996. Phillips, D. Z., 1977. In Search of the Moral “Must”: Mrs Foot’s Fugitive Thought. Philosophical Quarterly, 27(107), pp. 140-157. Rödl, S., 2007. Self-Consciousness. Cambridge,...

... first part of this article; the second part examines the novel features that Kant brings to the interpretation of this concept in the critical period. In the Critique of Practical Reason these include the questions of manifestation of Gesinnung in the world, apprehended through the senses, the method of establishing and the culture of truly moral Gesinnung, as well as the problem of the immutability of Gesinnung in the progress towards the good. The new theses that appear in Religion within the Bounds ...

The paper attempts to demostrate that E. T. A. Hoffmann’s novel «The Life and Opinions of Tomcat Murr…» has build in accordance with the classification of anthropological types in Kant’s work «Die Religion innerhalb der Grenzen der bloßen Vernunft». 1. Гофман Э. Т. А. Житейские воззрения кота Мурра… // Гофман Э. Т. А. Крейслериана. Житейские воззрения кота Мурра. Дневники. М., 1972. 2. Кант И. Основы метафизики нравственности // Кант И. Соч. : в 6 т. М., 1965.Т. 4 (1). 3. Кант И. Критика практического...

... Ruse, ed. 2009. Philo­s­ophy after Darwin: Classic and Contemporary Readings. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, рp. 231-247. Maddy, P., 2007. Second Philosophy: A Naturalistic Method. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Oberst, M., 2015. Two Worlds and Two Aspects: on Kant’s Distinction between Things in Themselves and Appearances. Kantian review, 20(1), pp. 53-75. Poli, R., 2017. Nicolai Hartmann. In: The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, [online] Avaliable at: < https://plato.stanford....

... the conforming of a subject’s intuitions and understanding to objects, but rather the application of a subject’s cognitive faculties to them). The transcendentalism of the medium assigns the role of an “active” element neither to the external world nor to the faculties of the cognising subject, but to something in between — language, in the case of “linguistic Kantianism.” I conclude that the expression “linguistic Kantianism” can be misleading when it comes to the origins of this ...

... Handlungsmotivation. Zeitschrift für Philosophische Forschung, 59(3), pp. 327-344. Hare, J., 1996. The Moral Gap: Kantian Ethics, Human Limits, and God’s Assistance. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Hughes, F., 2007. Kant’s Aesthetic Epistemology: Form and World. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. Kant, I., 1992. The Jäsche Logic. In: I. Kant, 1992. Lectures on Logic. Translated and edited by J. Young. Cambrige: Cambridge University Press, pp. 521-641. Kant, I., 1996a. Religion within the Boundaries ...

The cultural movement known as “humanism” has unfortunately not received a clear and careful definition. Historians and philosophers have lumped together their various understandings of outlooks that stress the value and importance of human life under the collective term “humanism.” This essay sets out to contrast, in particular, three types of humanism, all of which attracted attention at overlapping times in Imperial Russia and then the Soviet Union. The youngest of the three, Marxist humanism...

... and Its Justification in Kant’s Critical Philosophy. Journal of the Belarusian State University. Philosophy and Psychology, 2, pp. 9-14. (In Rus.) Schopenhauer, A., 1969. Appendix: Criticism of the Kantian Philosophy. In: A. Schopenhauer, 1969. The World as Will and Representation. In 2 volumes. Volume 1. Translated by E. F. J. Payne. New York: Dover Publications, pp. 413-534. Schulze, G. E., 1801. Kritik der theoretischen Philosophie: in 2 Bänden. Volume 1. Hamburg: C. E. Bohn. Schulze, G. E.,...

... Kant, 1992. Theoretical philosophy, I755-1770. Translated and edited by D. Walford in collaboration with R. Meerbote. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 361-372. Kant, I., 1992f. On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and the Intelligible World. In: I. Kant, 1992. Theoretical philosophy, I755-1770. Translated and edited by D. Walford in collaboration with R. Meerbote. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 372-416. Kant, I., 1992g. The Jäsche Logic. In: I. Kant, 1992. Lectures on ...

... of the Death of Immanuel Kant)]. Moscow: Institute of Philosophy RAS, pp. 53-59 [online] Available at: https://iphras.ru/page50843406.htm [Accessed 20 March 2020] (In Rus.) Kant, I., 1992. On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and Intelligible World. In: I. Kant, 1992. Theoretical Philosophy, 1755-1770. Translated and edited by D. Walford, in collaboration with R. Meerbote. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 373-416. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated and edited by ...

... Fahrenheit, D. G., 1724. Experimenta circa gradum caloris liquorum nonnullorum ebullientium instituta. Philo­sophical Transactions giving some Account of the Present Undertakings, Studies, and Labours of the Ingenious, in many considerable parts of the World [= Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London]. Vol. XXXIII, no. 381. London: W. & J. Innys, pp. 1-3. Hales, S., 1727. Vegetable Staticks, or, An Account of some Statical Experiments on the SAP in Vegetables: Being an Essay towards ...

The early decades of the last century saw European philosophical thought becoming increasingly interested in the sociological extension of the idea of law. From the viewpoint of the sociology of law, law is formed in the process of social interactions and is not sanctioned by the state. Sergey Hessen and Georges Gurvitch base their conceptions of social law on the sociology of law in the 1920s and 1930s. They start a polemic in the pages of the journal Sovremenniye zapiski (Contemporary Notes). Although...

... of God as the warrantor of empirical happiness / bliss. Accordingly, the “overturn in the state of mind” sought by the Kantian himself implies “the highest act of freedom”, which is inaccessible to him and beyond which the perspective of the world as law is replaced for the subject by the perspective of the Kingdom of the Spirit in which the “selfhood” of each moral agent is practically overcome. The Holy Bible, 21st Century King James Version (KJ21): 1994. Gary: Deuel Enterprises....

... Differentiation of Directions in Space. In: I. Kant, 1992. Theoretical Philosophy 1755-1770. Translated & edited by D. Walford. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 361-372. Kant, I., 1992c. On the Form and Principles of the Sensible and the Intelligible World. In: I. Kant, 1992. Theoretical Philosophy 1755-1770. Translated & edited by D. Walford. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 373-416. Kant, I., 1999. Correspondence. Translated & edited by A. Zweig. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ...

... of the eighteenth century. What distinguishes these books is that they were all written specially for women. While such works were fairly common in France and Italy during this period, they had something of an exotic character in the German-speaking world. Today these works and their authors are generally seen as secondary and marginal. Nevertheless, they may be of substantial interest in the study of the history of the formation of logic, a fundamental and still relevant discipline in university ...

... Fink, appearance (or, as Fink constantly writes, “appearing”) turns out to be the condition of the existence of objects. Appearance, understood through the prism of the human being which perceives something as Vorschein, implies an inherently open world. Following Fink, I analyse these provisions and examine, first, light as the metaphysical source of cognition, second, the human being as a special kind of being, third, the pre-Socratic treatment of being and, fourth, the formation of a distinct ...