Comparative analysis of the territorial support frame of settlement in coastal areas: the case of St. Petersburg and Kaliningrad regions
... demand for comparative analysis in international and national (regional) studies. Nevertheless, old, settled coastal areas — which European urban science considers as evidence of the decisive effect of coastal position on spatial development and urbanisation — remain valid research objects. Achieving corresponding theoretical and practical goals requires qualitative and quantitative analysis of urbanisation in coastal areas. This article aims to determine whether the territorial support frameworks ...
The spread of the COVID-19 infection in Russia’s Baltic macro-region: internal differences
... pandemic on regional industries, such as tourism; analysing attitudes of local regional communities to vaccination, travel restrictions, etc.
The global challenge of the COVID-19 pandemic is reshaping many familiar social processes and phenomena, such as urbanisation and the internal organisation of cities. This observation was made at the peak of the first waves of the pandemic by well-known economic geographers Richard Florida, Edward Glaeser and others. For economic geography, this means putting the ...
Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
... devised by the UN and the EU.<1> At first, a geospatial approach was employed, focused on local geographical objects performing various roles at different times. Historically, Latvia developed as an industrial-agrarian society living a less urbanised lifestyle. This encouraged the development of a dense network of self-sufficient towns, whose unique landscapes and architecture make them attractive as places of residence and tourist destinations. Then, the socio-spatial approach came to ...
Urbanisation of the Song Thrush (Turdus philomelos С. L. Brehm) in Kaliningrad: History of the process and causes of its failure
In comparison with the Blackbird and the Fieldfare having specialised urban populations in Kaliningrad, the Song thrush does not show signs of urbanisation. This article analyses the causes of this phenomenon and examines the results of urbanisation of the closely related species and fundamental differences between them
1. Фридман В. С., Ерёмкин Г. С. Урбанизация ...
Representation of the image of Kaliningrad in the names of guided city tours
The article offers a qualitative content analysis of the names of Kaliningrad city tours and identifies the main distinctive features of the image of the city represented in them. The name of the tour is a message sent by the tour operator to the addressee — the potential consumer of tourist services. This type of communication is not exclusively commercial; it has an indirect impact on the accomplishment of a broader range of socially significant goals, first and foremost, the formation of a positive...
Poetical text as a way of organizing city space
Since the sixties of the twentieth century, different algorithms for using poetic texts in the transformation of urban space have emerged. Poetic discourse is being increasingly contextualized in space, whose role in the contemporary cultural system and specific tasks of urbanism has been growing. In the urban context, poetry may acquire different forms — street performances, advertisements, murals and other types of visual poetry. It may turn the city into a venue for a festival of urban poetry...
The abundance and territorial distribution of the Eurasian Coot (Fulica atra) and Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus) in Kaliningrad
... Moorhen breeding in urban conditions. Seven years’ (1999—2003, 2006 -2007) field studies resulted in the compilation of an atlas of the Kaliningrad region’s nesting birds. The city territory was divided into 206 plots of an area of 1 km2. The urbanisation rate was estimated on a scale of 1 to 5. Kaliningrad is home to 208 breeding pairs of coots and 56 of moorhens. The Coot is more widespread (present in 25.2 % of the plots) than the Moorhen (13.6 %). The population density of the Coot reaches ...
Geography of the mobile internet in the border and interior regions of Russia
... in the border areas, although they still trail behind the Moscow agglomeration.
The regional discrepancies in mobile internet infrastructure development across Russia are primarily attributed to socio-economic, demographic, and environmental factors. Urbanised regions with high population density and economic prosperity tend to have better mobile internet coverage. Consequently, a digital divide exists between various types of Russian border regions, including the ‘Old’, ‘New’, and the ‘Newest’ ...
Spatial differentiation of rural territories in the Kaliningrad region: implications for socio-economic policies
... employment in the industry in the periphery, population outflow from peripheral municipalities and economic diversification in the rural areas.
3. In the case of Kaliningrad, the factors at play are as follows:
— the growing rural population of the urbanised western part of the region, attributed to a positive net migration rate and the rural population decline in the eastern periphery, which is occurring against the background of declining employment in agriculture;
— intensive rural-urban labour ...
Depopulation of coastal rural Lithuania: do regional parks stabilise the situation?
... preserve the most valuable physical and cultural components of the landscape, NATURA 2000 habitats, etc. Usually, they are located in natural or semi-natural landscapes of rural areas. These territories, however, have a higher depopulation rate than urbanised districts. Still, conservation priority areas were expected to attract young families as permanent residents and make their population more stable. This study aims to investigate changes in the rural population in three regional parks of the ...
Migration distances in Russia: a demographic profile of migrants
... attached to their places of residence.
The concrete values of migration distance are affected by the size of the country, its geographical diversity, population density, settlements system (particularly, the distance between its main cores) and stage of urbanisation. In the Czech Republic, almost 50 % of migrations are within the range of 20 km; 70 % within 50 km. Overall, the situation in the country is described by the classical curve graph: migration intensity decreases as distance grows. Yet, the ...
Territorial structure of inbound and domestic tourism in the Baltic States
... arrivals, with a domestic arrival rate of 16 ‰; the deep periphery, for 1.5 % (8 ‰).
A distinctive feature of a tourism space core is its developed infrastructure. Accommodation density varies across specific regions, depending on their degree of urbanisation and tourism specialisation. The Riga region, consisting exclusively of the capital city (with 53 beds at tourist accommodation establishments per km2), stands out against the general background. North Estonia, second by a large margin has ...
Urban speech as an object of linguistic research: written and spoken varieties
The article focuses on methodological tendences in urban language research. Authors, meanwhile, substantiate rationality of its spoken and written varieties as separate fields of study. These studies are marked with a high rate of activity and they highlight a new concept of the «regiolect» — a regional variety of the national language. The analysis of the scientific results of linguo-urbanistics reveals the dominance of the onomastic vector and obvious lack of research into urban speech. The...
The economy of Russian Baltic regions: development level and dynamics, structure and international trade partners
... same groups of industries as in St. Petersburg. In the Leningrad region, the contribution of manufacturing to GRP is 1.75 times the national average (2019).<5>
The Leningrad region’s proximity to St. Petersburg and the considerable degree of urbanisation of the Kaliningrad region, as well as its technology-based agriculture, explain why these non-black earth territories have a higher percentage of agriculture in GRP than an average Russian region.
St. Petersburg has a more substantial contribution ...
Idyll, history, rationality: city images in “Real Journey to Germany in 1835” by Nikolay Gretsch
The article explores the images of the German cities, Lubeck and Hamburg, presented in Nikolay Gretsch’s travelogue “The real trip to Germany in 1835”. The author determines the link between the images of the two cities and the tradition of describing Germany as an idyllic place. This tradition was widespread in Russian literature at the end of the 18th century — first half of the 19th century. In Gretsch’s text, Lubeck and Hamburg are depicted as idyllic but to different degrees. The locus...
Gorod and grad in the Russian poetry of the 18th century
Urban motifs in Russian poetry have not yet become the subject of comprehensive investigation in terms of the evolution of poetic conceptualization of the world, the frequency, semantics and syntagmatics of the key lexemes — 'gorod' and 'grad'. Meanwhile, the analysis of the poetic, ethnic and linguistic picture of the world, closely connected with diachronic lexicology, phraseology and grammar, allows important conclusions concerning the history of the national semiosphere and conceptosphere...
Typographic landscape in urban space: a sociolinguistic approach
This paper suggests a sociolinguistic approach to typographic landscape analysis. Typography is discussed as a semiotic resource with meaning-making potential. The paper argues that typographic variation provides dynamic indexical links to social practice. It obtains its ‘social voice’ and becomes an integral part of the social context in which it is perceived as typical and able to generate particular socially loaded meanings. This research is in line with contemporary social semiotics, interactional...
Feodosia as a city and a visual text (Aivazovsky Project)
The article describes the personality of Ivan K. Aivazovsky, a man of 'frontiers' who lived in a polyphonic city where Russian, Armenian and Turkic were spoken. The message of the article is the following: Aivazovsky was not only a gifted artist but also a diplomat, a responsible and upstanding citizen who appreciated the values of the city and was concerned about its problems, Armenian community and people. Aivazovsky changed the social space of the city, the (infra)structure and the image of Feodosia...
Agglomerations management practices abroad
... Dirk Valée (Hrsg.). Akademie für Raumforschung und Landesplanung. Band 237. Hannover 2012. 214 S.
16. Fabiano Lemes de Oliveira. Green Wedge Urbanism. History, Theory and Contemporary Practice. Bloomsbury Academic. 2017. 304 p.
17. Ferter, Christian. Urbanisation, urban growth and planning in the Copenhagen Metropolitan Region with reference studies from Europe and the USA. Forest & Landscape Research, No. 54—2012, 151 p.
18. Matthiessen, C.W. Examples of plans and planning systems changes. Danish ...
National urban policy in Russia and the European experience
... Cities 2016: Cities leading the way to a better future, Brussels, 220 p.
16. UN-Habitat, 2016, Urbanization and Development: Emerging Features. World Cities Report 2016, Nairobi, 264 p.
17. OECD, 2020, Cities in the World: A New Perspective on Urbanisation, Paris, 171 p.
18. Gaugitsch, R. et all. 2020, Territorial Impact Assessment: the State of the Cities and Regions in the COVID-19 crisis, European Union, 71 p. doi: https://dx.doi.org/10.2863/112206.
19. OECD, 2020, OECD Regions and ...
Coastal agglomerations and the transformation of national innovation spaces
In this article, I discuss the role of coastal agglomerations in the territorial heterogeneity of the world economy and the global innovation space. I pay particular attention to how proximity to the sea and ocean coasts influences the dynamics of innovation processes. I analyse coastalisation (the movement of economic activity and population to coastal zones) by considering the effects and inland diffusion of the exceptionally high innovative potential of coastal agglomerations. I put forward...
The intertexteme as an instrument in the past — present — future dialogical space of urbanism practices: an intersemiotic analysis of graffiti and inscriptions in Gdansk and Kaliningrad
This paper discusses intertextual and intervisual tools for creating the past — present — future dialogic axis in urban practices, using the example of graffiti and inscriptions in Gdansk and Kaliningrad. The authors describe the urban space as an object of research, give a definition of the urban inscription, characterize the semiotic nature of the latter, consider terminology problems relating to the category of intertextuality, and broadly interpret the intertexteme as a tool in the ‘past...
Discursive practices of the Russian diaspora in Estonia: language contacts
In this article, I use the concept of discursive practices to consider the speech practices of the Russian diaspora of Estonia. The findings of the study suggest the existence of an invariant discourse generated by an exemplary member of the diaspora. Such a discourse has formal (borrowings, code-switching, etc.), semantic (referential shifts, semantically re-oriented vocabulary, etc.), and pragmatic features. The results of the diasporic speech analysis show that the key components of a typical...
Age-related characteristics of English, American, and Russian compliments
In this article, I identify and analyse the linguistic features of the generation and perception of compliments by people of different age identities from English, American and Russian cultures. Language is not the same across different age groups, which necessitates a thorough examination of age-related parameters in language and the identification of semiotic markers of age identity. The promising area of linguistic research — social semiotics — lends an urgency to such a study. To achieve...
Sociocultural potential for the development of Russia’s ethnocultural centres
... областей СССР //Советская этнография. 1976. № 2. С. 33—42.
14. Krugman P. Increasing Returns and Economic Geography // Journal of Political Economy. 1991. Vol. 99, № 3. P. 483—499.
Trifonova Z. A.
city, ethnicity, urbanisation, identity, centrality, potential, resource
15-28
The biogeochemical activity of exotic gymnosperm species in industrial urbanised ecosystems
This paper presents data on the biogeochemical activity of 9 exotic gym-nosperm species in a model urban ecosystem with a high level of anthropo-genic pollution (Russia’s Non-Black Earth zone). The author examines data on the biogeochemical activity of Thuja occidentalis, Juníperus sabína, and Picea pungens in the conditions of polymetallic contamination of air and soils in the area affected by iron and steel plants. It is shown that most Gym-nospermae species accumulate such macroelements as...
On the content of heavy metals in the soils of Kaliningrad urbanised ecosystems
This article studies the quantitative content of heavy metals in the soils of Kaliningrad urban ecosystems. It is shown that urban soils are heavily contaminated with zinc and lead with an at least threefold excess of the TLV. The concentration of copper, nickel, and cobalt is closer to the TLV. The authors emphasize that heavy metal concentrations in the soils of Kaliningrad urban ecosystems vary significantly depending on the year and territory.
1. Вредные химические вещества...
Comparative analysis of the groups of microorganisms in natural and anthropo-genically altered brown forest soils of the Kaliningrad Peninsula
This article focuses on the numerical concentration of certain groups of microorganisms in the brown forest soils of natural and urbanised ecosystems of the Kaliningrad Peninsula. An analysis of the microflora was performed in spring, summer, and autumn 2012. This paper presents the average annual data for each key area. It is shown that human-altered ecosystems are characterized ...
Studies of lichen flora of Kaliningrad (a historical review)
... http://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/natur_gruen/naturschutz/downloads/artenschutz/rotelisten/07_flechten_print.pdf (дата обращения: 28.04.2013).
8. Nekrošienė R. Assessment of Environmental Air Quality in Localities with Different Urbanisation Levels by the Method of Passive Lichenoindication // Formation of Urban Green Areas. 2012. № 1 (9). P. 133—139.
9. Słaby A., Lisowska M. Epiphytic lichen recolonization in the centre of Cracow (southern Poland) as a result of air quality ...
The Baltics and Russian North-West: the Core and the Periphery in the 2000s
This article analyses population changes in North-West regions of Russia (the former North-Western economic zone and the Kaliningrad region) and the Baltics at the level of urban districts and municipalities. The cohort component method is used to analyze the youth population dynamics in the administrative territorial units of this level, which makes it possible to estimate the international (intraregional) migration of this population group. This method is used quite rarely, yet it is more accurate...
Spatial planning in the European Union and the Russian Federation
This article analyzes the principles of spatial planning, which form the basis for this type of urban development in the countries of the European Union (EU) and in the Russian Federation. The following principles are considered and compared for both territories: 1) promotion of territorial cohesion through a more balanced social and economic development of regions and improved competitiveness; 2) encouragement of development generated by urban functions and improvement of the relationship between...
Demographic change in Germany and reversal of spatial ageing patterns
The paper presents the result of a spatial analysis considering the effect of demographic ageing and ageing-in-place processes in Germany according to spatially differentiated ageing patterns among urban, sub-urban and rural counties up to 2025. As to the latest official population forecast counties of urban core regions will undergo a slower ageing process than other types of counties, resulting in a reversal of ageing patterns. Urban core areas in this analysis will gain demographically from their...