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• The Real Target of Kant’s “Refutation”

  ... Meditation, the idealist sceptic of the second Meditation and first part of the third Meditation, or some other non-sceptic idealist. I present and defend a new reconstruction of Kant’s “Refu­tation” as a successful argument against Mendelssohnian idealism of Cartesian provenance. This defence is based on a simple logical sketch of the proof provided by Dicker, but essentially modified in the light of Dyck’s insight about Kant’s opponent. How shall I support my reading? First, by appealing ...

• Another Critical Idealism of Hermann Cohen

  ... answer the question as to why one should study Cohen. The author’s first and preliminary answer is that the study of Hermann Cohen’s thought is relevant to contemporary philosophy due to at least five reasons: (1) Cohen’s improvement of critical idealism of subject through replacing it with the idealism of ideas; (2) the exposition of thought as the ethics of law; (3) the development of the notion of anticipation as the principle of time, history, and interpretation; (4) the exposition of critical ...

• Seeming confusion in interpretation: George Berkeley and Immanuel Kant

  The article deals with the phenomenon of idealism in 18th century European science. The author focuses on the methods and images of constructing a philosophical model that Kant borrowed from his predecessors. The status of existence of the external world in the space of Berkeley’s philosophy ...

• Baroque music: the aesthetic and social ideals

  This article analyses the evolution of aesthetic ideals of baroque as the reflection of changes that took place in social consciousness. The author formulates the content standards of aesthetic ideal of baroque music and focuses on the history of spread of baroque music in East Prussia in the 17th century....

• The Nature of Appearance in Kant’s Transcendentalism: A Seman- tico-Cognitive Analysis

  ... “appearance” and “thing in itself” is the cornerstone of Kant’s transcendental philosophy. However, its conceptual status seems largely uncertain. This uncertainty is the reason for a wide range of interpretations of Kant’s transcendental idealism. A paradigmatic example is the contemporary confrontation between the “two objects” theory and the “two aspects” theory. In this paper, I develop a semantico-cognitive approach to Kant’s transcendentalism in general as well as to his ...

• Transcendental reflection and the ideal of pure reason in Kant’s works

  This article discusses the problem of correlation between the two fundamental concepts of Kantian philosophy — transcendental reflection and the ideal of pure reason. Based on the analysis of Kant’s three Critiques, the author demonstrates that the ideal of pure reason can be described as a goal that defines the shape of knowledge in any field of activity, whereas transcendental reflection is ...

• An “ideal city”, its statics and dynamics

  The article develops an ‘ideal city’ theme and focuses on the relationships of its statics and dynamics in a mobile local-global context. The author offers the defini­tions of these two notions under historical and modern conditions, and determines the specificity of the ‘ideal ...

• Analytic Work on Kant — Idealism, Things in Themselves, and the Object of Knowledge

  The article sketches the development of Kant interpretation in analytic philosophy. The author turns to Kant’s transcendental idealism and three well-known difficulties about things in themselves which Kant’s idealism generates: problems about unknowability, noumenal-affection and category-application, and the neglected-alternative. Building on the work “Things in Themselves: ...

• Kant und Berkeley: Ähnlichkeit oder Unterschiedlichkeit?

  ... 1908. Vol. 1. 4. Janisch J. Kant's Urteile über Berkeley. Straßburg, 1879. 5. Jaramillo L. E. H. Kant und die Idealismusfrage. Eine Untersuchung über Kants Wi­derlegung des Idealismus. Mainz, 1995. 6. Mattey G. J. Kant's Conception of Berkeley's Idealism // Kant-Studien. 1983. 7. Miller G. Kant and Berkeley: The alternative Theories // Kant-Studien. 1973. 8. Paton H. J. Kant,s Metaphysic of Experience. London, New York, 1970. Vol. 2. 9. Smith N. K. A Commentary to Kant,s «Critique of Pure Reason»....

• Analytical Kant studies, transcendental idealism, and the thing in itself

  ... contra possible interpretations of Kant’s texts and presents the author’s interpretation of some key points of Kant’s theory of knowledge. Contrary to the analytical mainstream in Kant studies, the author argues that Kant’s ‘transcendental idealism’ in the field of the theoretical reason is completely compatible with epistemological realism. Hence, the term ‘thing in itself’ expresses neither ontological nor epistemological dualism. Rather it has a methodological function and it serves ...

• The relevance of Hermann Cohen's crtical idealism (preface to the translation of R. Munk's 'Another critical idealism of Hermann Cohen')

  1. Zeitgemäße Unzeitgemäßheit. Hermann Cohens Philosophie heute // Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie. 2011. Vol. 59, is. 2. S. 311—322. 2. Ibid. S. 317. Belov V. 65-66 10.5922/0207-6918-2015-4-5

• Time in N. O. Lossky’s ideal realism

  This article discusses the ontological and epistemological aspects of the interpretation of time in N. O. Lossky’s ideal realism. It is stressed that time is a form of events initiated by substantial actors in the process of world creation. The author analyses the qualitative and quantitative characteristics of time. The features of synchronous and asynchronous aspects ...

• Report of the ‘Transcendental Turn in Contemporary Philo­sophy 2’ Inter­national Seminar (Moscow, 27—29 April 2017)

  ... report of the international workshop «Transcendental Turn in Contemporary Philosophy 2: Kant’s Appearance, Its Ontological and Epistemic Status» (April 27—29, 2017, Moscow), the tasks of which was (1) to discuss the specificity of transcendental idealism, (2) to study the nature of one of Kant’s important concepts — that of appearance — within the framework of the essential conceptual triad of transcendentalism: thing in itself (Ding an sich) — appearance (Erscheinung) — representation ...

• Kant’s transcendentalism and concept of the thing in itself

  ... Appearances: Intentionality and Reality, Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie, vol. 61 (1979), p. 293—308. 5. Aquila, R. 1983, Representational Mind: A Study of Kant’s Theory of Knowledge, Indiana University Press. 6. Allais, L. 2010, Transcendental Idealism and Metaphysics: Kant’s Commitment to Things in Themselves, Kant Yearbook: Metaphysics, vol.2/2010, Berlin : W. de Gruyter, pp. 1—32. 7. Allais, L. 2015, Manifest Reality: Kant’s Idealism and his Realism, Oxford University Press Uk. 8. ...

• Kant’s appearance as an objective-objectual [gegenständlich] representation

  This article analyses the features of Kant’s [transcendental] philosophy, which Kant himself described as transcendental idealism. On the one hand, Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the distinction between things-in-themselves and appearances. On the other hand, our method of cognition is representative in that is based on representations — subjective and objective ...

• Time in Sergey Trubetskoy’s and Boris Chicherin’s metaphysical concepts: A discussion on Kant

  This article analyses the controversy between Sergey Trubetskoy and Boris Chicherin, which followed the publication of Trubetskoy’s monograph the Foundations of Idealism. This analysis focuses on the philosophers’ understanding of the metaphysical nature of time. The relevance of the work is that the philosophical reflections of the opponents took place against the backdrop of an impending change in science ...

• The concept of ideal space in V.A. Zhukovky’s lyric poetry

  This article analyses V. A. Zhukovsky’s images of ideal space in the context of Christian notions of paradise. 1.  Христианство: энциклопедический словарь: в 3 т. М., 1995. 2.  Христианство: словарь. М., 1994. 3.  Жуковский В. ...

• Kantian Ethical Humanism in Late Imperial Russia

  ... Akademii nauk SSSR, pp. 22-29. (In Russ.) Belliustin, I. S., 1985. Description of the Clergy in Rural Russia. Translated by G. L. Freeze. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press. Berdiaev, N. A., 2003. The Ethical Problem in the Light of Philosophical Idealism. In: R. A. Poole, ed. 2003. Problems of Idealism. Translated by R. A. Poole. New Haven: Yale University Press, pp. 161-197. Bulgakov, S. N., 1903. Ot marksizma k idealizmu [From Marxism to Idealism]. St. Petersburg: Tip. Tovarishchestva Obshchestvennaja ...

• Poetics of the ‘ideal’: The ancient and Christian tradition in K. N. Leontyev’s novel Odysseus Polychroniades

  ... two traditions are compared using the ‘icon – picture’ opposition. The article stresses the connection between Christian and ancient tradition, which proves to be more important than differences between them. It is concluded that two cultural ideals affecting the formation of the novel’s poetics have major influence on each other. 1. Леонтьев К. Н. Полн. собр. соч. и писем : в 12 т. СПб., 2000. Т. 2. С. 7—327. 2. Леонтьев К. Н. Полн. ...

• Kant, Radical Agnosticism, and Methodological Eliminativism about Things-in-Themselves

  ... in themselves or whether things in themselves exist or do not exist’. Kantian Methodological Eliminativism (KME) about things in themselves says that for the purposes of the theory of real (i. e., anthropocentric, “humanfaced”) transcendental idealism we can completely ignore things in themselves. In this paper the author unpacks and defends both KRA and KME. 1. Kant, I. 2006а, Kritik der reinen Vernunft. 1. Auflage, in: Kant I. Werke Zweisprachige deutsch-russische Ausgabe. Teilband. ...

• Frolova Ye. The theoretical and methodological issues of the revival of natural law

  ... of correlation between changing rules of law and the unchanged form of moral prescriptions.The author focuses on the development of Kantian approach in solving the problem of moral philosophy. The essence of morals is revealed not in the creation of ideal projects but rather in the need for action: the moral law must be implemented in the outside world. The theory of standards and ethics evaluates moral foundations as an internal absolute value. However, a definition of morals is meaningful only ...

• On the ideal constitution

  Mendelssohn M. (translated from German by K.A. Volkova, edited by A.N. Kruglov and I.D. Koptsev) 79-81 10.5922/0207-6918-2011-3-8

• The thinking of nature and the nature of thinking — Cohen on Spinoza

  ... possibility of ethics is no difference between being of nature and being of obligation, the opposition against finalism in the name of necessary natural laws. Therefore, we are talking about thinking that even in small things not engaged in scientific idealism and therefore far from the critical philosophy of Cohen. In the philosophy of Spinoza saw Cohen ontological metaphysics, which is based on the erro-neous principle of identity. It cancels the possibility of the ethics as prevents the existence ...

• Some aspects of John Rawls’s first principle of justice

  ... rights and freedoms should include those relating to personal and family lifestyle, childbirth and parenting and priority should be given to those freedoms that contribute to the development of the feeling of justice and the realisation of the moral ideal. It is concluded that Rawls demonstrated convincingly the relative value of democratic institutions. 1. Alekseeva, Т. А. 1991, Spravedlivost’ kak dogovor (kriticheskii analiz teorii spravedlivosti Djona Roulsa) [Justice as contract (critical ...

• Sergey Askoldov’s Reviews concerning Kant and Others Published in the Russian Press in Early Twentieth Century

  ... and Other Journals: Bibliographic Index]. Saint Petersburg: RHGA. (In Rus.) Frank, S.L., 1909. Pan-Ideal. In: M. A. Kolerov, ed. 2018. Arheologiya Russkogo Politicheskogo Idealizma: 1904—1927. Ocherki i Dokumenty. [Archeology of Russian Political Idealism: 1904—1927. Essays and Documents]. Moscow: Common Place, pp. 288-291. (In Rus.) Kolerov, M.A., 1993. Philosophy in the Critical Review (1907—1909) [Index]. Logos, 4, pp. 309-313. (In Rus.) Kolerov, M.A., 2004a. Social Sciences in the Journal ...

• Maimon’s critique of I. Kant’s theory of analytic judge-ments

  The article deals with Maimon’s critical reinterpretation of Kant’s theory of analytic judgments. Maimon contributed to the history of the German Idealism primarily through his criticism of Kant’s theoretical philosophy, which largely predetermined some ideas of Fichte and later exerted a certain influence on the thinkers of some very different schools (from Marburg Neo-Kantianism to Deleuze)....

• Cohen and Natorp’s Philosophy of Religion: the Argument about the Boundary of Reason

  ... notes and correspondence of Cohen and Natorp I argue that, in spite of internal and quite important differences over the problems of religion and its place in philosophical constructions, Cohen and Natorp, first, retained their commitment to critical idealism and remained loyal to their philosophical school to the end and, second, followed the principle of mutual respect, preserving their professional and human sympathy for each other. Besides, I substantiate my assertion that Marburg Neo-Kantians ...

• Deduction of Freedom vs Deduction of Experience in Kant’s Metaphysics

  ... the deduction of the principles of pure practical reason (deduction of freedom). The underlying premises of the Kantian project of reviving metaphysics, “the Copernican Turn”, the critical methods and basic principles of transcendental (formal) idealism also provide the methodological basis of transcendental deduction, a new method of proving the claims of metaphysics in various spheres of human being. Proceeding from the above, I analyse the essence, structure and the peculiarities as well ...

• The manifestation of oppositional ideas of the second half of the 18th century in the Panin — Fonvizin law project

  This article examines the currents of oppositional thought in the second half of the 18th century through the example of the Panin – Fonvizin project. The paper addresses the problem of the project's authorship and analyses the thinkers' ideal of state structure. 1.  Бантыш-Каменский Д.   М. Граф Панин. Б.м., б.г. 2.  Вяземский П. Фон-Визин // Полн. собр. соч.: в 12 т. СПб., 1880. Т. 5. 3.  Гаврюшкин А.   ...

• ‘Back to Kant’ or ‘Back to Leibnitz’? A critical view from the history of Russian metaphysical personalism

  ... demonstrate the main arguments of the critique of Kantianism and neo-Kantianism in Russian philosophy. It is shown that the ideas of Russian neo-Leibnizians are closely connected with those of the thinkers of the ‘late and mature phase’ of German idealism (A. Trendelenburg, R. G. Lotze, and G. Teichmüller). A historical and theoretical analysis of the neo-Kantian and neo-Leibnizian ideas helps to identify the similarities (criticism and the belief in ‘pure experience’ as the basis of science) ...

• Taking Detours through the “Transcendental Dialectic”. The Principles of Homogeneity, Specification, and Continuity

  ... specification, and continuity. My aim is to offer immanent strategies for a justification of the principles of homogeneity, specification, and continuity in the framework of the Critique of Pure Reason. Allison, H.E., 2004. Kant’s Transcendental Idealism. An Interpretation and Defense. New Haven & London: Yale University Press. Bartuschat, W., 1972. Zum systematischen Ort von Kants Kritik der Urteilskraft. Frankfurt a. M.: Klostermann. Birken-Bertsch, H., 2015. Konstitutiv / Regulativ. In: M....

• Karamzin 's code in the novel by V. V. Sipovsky "The Journey of Erast Krutolobov"

  ... considered a key-figure for the Russian literature of the XVIII and XIX centuries. According to Sipovsky, Karamzin managed to combine different, sometimes opposing, literary trends. Sipovsky’s parodical novel illustrates the impact of literary struggle of idealism and realism of early XIXth century onto the public life and the role of Karamzin’s sentimentalism in the history of Russian literature. 1. Веселова А. Ю. Роман В. Новодворского (В. В. Сиповского) ...

• The Philosophy of Vasily Sesemann and Marburg Neo-Kantianism

  This article considers the ideas of the Russian Neo-Kantianist Vasily Sesemann (1884—1963) in comparison with the idealism of the Marburg School. The author analyses the key Russian phi-losopher’s works on the topic: ‘The problem of idealism in philosophy’, ‘Theoretical philosophy of the Marburg School’, etc. The article focuses on Sesemann’s interest ...

• Kant and the contemporary theory of international relations

  ... Kantian political philosophy for the theory of international relations. The answer is giving through the examination of the main trends in the interpretation of Kant's place in one of the major paradigms of the theory of international relations: realism, idealism, liberalism, and institutionalism. Author shows that Kant’s inclusion in a particular paradigm of international relations cannot be directly done. Otherwise, inevitably it comes to distortion and incorrect interpretation of the texts and ideas ...

• The antinomy of political reason. Some deliberations on Kant’s “Answer-ing the Question: What is Enlightenment?”

  ... author focuses on the philosophical prerequisites and the essence of this project and analyses the difference between the “public” and “private” use of reason. The article emphasises the major significance of this difference for developing the ideal of enlightenment in the field of politics. It is suggested that this ideal be seen in the evolutionarydevelopment of society based on the transformation of public consciousness. Kant’s view that the key discourse for social development consists ...

• ‘Genuine criticism’: An unknown reception of Kant’s philosophy in early works of Schopenhauer

  ... influence of Kant’s philosophy on Schopenhauer and its decisive role in the development of the latter’s philosophy can be summed up as follows. Firstly, early Schopenhauer considered Kant as his only ally in the struggle against the speculative idealism of his followers. Secondly, this resulted in an almost complete acceptance of Kant’s epistemology and terminology. Only later, he developed an independent terminology, which was nevertheless largely influenced by that created by Kant. Thirdly,...

• Bogdan Kistiakovy’s Project of “State of the Future” as Synthesis of the Ideas of Liberalism and Socialism

  ... liberalism: idei i liudi [Russian liberalism: ideas and people], Moscow. 8. Sapov, V. V. 1992, Arhiv B. A. Kistiakovskogo [B. A. Kistiakovsky’s archive], Voprosy Sociologii [Sociological Matters], 1(1). Moscow, P. 157—164. 9. Frolova, E. A. 2012, Ideal socialno-pravovogo gosudarstva v oteche-stvennom neokantianstve (konez XIX — nachalo XX veka) [The ideal of social-legal state in national neo-Kantianism (the end of the 19th — the beginning of the 20th centuries)], Vestnik Mos-kovskogo Universiteta ...

• Kant and the Constitution of Russian Federation

  ... constitutionalism, supremacy of law, and constitutional state lack philosophical depth and consideration of the sources of these phenomena. Without a philosophical interpretation of the phenomenon of law, lawyers will be able to neither understand Kant’s “idealism”, nor explain the connection between this idealism and legal practice. The article presents two strategies corresponding to the spirit of Kant’s constitutional state in the modern Russian conditions: the principle of developing a moral (rather ...

• Darwinism as the Missing Link in Kant’s Critical Philosophy

  ... components of critical philosophy. Thus spirit and freedom find a new place separate from the sphere of physical nature; the category of adaptation explains how different ontologies can coexist; while the problem of two interpretations of transcendental idealism (two-world vs. two-aspect interpretation) finds a solution through their reconciliation. Allison, H. E., 2004. Kant’s Transcendental Idealism: An Interpretation and Defence. New Haven; London: Yale University Press. Arnauld, A. and Nicole,...

• The Masonic Word: Types and Functions

  ... Master’s Word, the Mason’s Word, the Poetic Word Secondly, the functions of the Word were de­termined: identifying, conspiratorial, magical, creative, enlightening. Thirdly, it was stated that the Word in the perception of the Freemasons became an ideal, an object and a tool. At the same time, the instrumental function, that is, one’s own practice in the framework of the real world, implied a mystical desire for an ideal, that is, the Word of God, and rational and mystical know­led­ge of an ...

• Studies into the history of Russian Neo-Kantianism in Poland

  ... Russian religious-philosophical renaissance]. Warsaw, p. 133—147. 59. Krasicki J. 2012 (c), «Filozoficzna donkichoteria»? Mikolaj Bierdiajew w poszukiwaniu idealu filozofii [„Philosophical Quixotism”? Nikolai Berdyayev and the search for the ideal of philosophy] // Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska [Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska]. № 2, p. 39—57. 60. Krasicki J. 2012 (d), Mikolaj Bierdiajew a neokantyzm [Nicolai Berdyayev and neo-Kantianism] // Postneokantyzm ...

• Paul Natorp’s social pedagogic theory and it’s relevance to modern russian education

  ... is directly connected to the three levels of activity of consciousness which are associated with the three stages of education — family education, school and stage of free adult self-education. The last stage represents a “lifelong” process and ideally shouldn’t be bounded by any external factors. Natorp expects that developing German system of “folk academies” becomes a basis for implementation of this ideal in practice. He specifies that matter of people’s education should be responsibility ...

• Edmund Husserl’s phenomenology and a cognitive-semantic interpretation of Kant’s transcendentalism

  ... Kantovsky sbornik], 2014, no. 2 48), s. 10—25. 8. Katrechko, S. L. 2017a, Transcendentalizm Kanta kak realisticheskaja teorija opyta/poznanija (analiz struktury kantovskogo kopernikanskogo perevorota) [Does the Kant’s Copernican Revolution Lead to Idealism? (Structure and Dialectic of Kant’s Copernican Revolution] In: Filosofija i nauka: problemy sootnesenija, Kn.1, Moscow, s. 213—226. 9. Katrechko, S. L. 2017b, Kantovskiiy transcendentalizm Kanta i ego koncept veshi samoiy po sebe [Kant’s ...

• The concepts of citizenship and estate in Russian history — conti­nuity and / or intermittence

  ... From Empire to Soviet Union. Cambridge, MA and London: Harvard University Press. Lohr, E., 2013. Russian Citizenship Modernization and Population Policy in His­torical Perspective. Problems of Post-Communism, 60 (6), pp. 3—15. Lohr, E., 2006. The Ideal Citizen and Real Subject in Late Imperial Russia. Kritika: Explorations in Russian and Eurasian History, 7 (2), pp. 173—194. Mann, M., 1987. Ruling Class Strategies and Citizenship. Sociology, 21 (3), pp. 339—354. Pocock, J. G., 1998. A. The ...

• Kant’s transcendentalism as a transcendental paradigm of philo¬so¬phiz¬ing

  ... Концепции и проблемы : в 3 т. СПб., 2011. Т. 1 : Исследовательские программы. 9. Платон Парменид // Собр. соч. : в 4 т. М., 1993. Т. 2. С. 346—413. 10. Allison H. Kant's Transcendental Idealism: An Interpretation and Defense. New Hawen ; L., 2004. 11. Bird G. The Revolutionary Kant: A Commentary on the Critique of Pure Reason.Chicago, 2006. 12. Kant I. Critique of Pure Reason / eds. Guyer P., Wood A. Cambridge, 1998. 13. Hanna R....

• Kant on evil in the human nature

  ... such legislation is the possibility of transforming them into a universal law, is possible only under the condition that the notion of freedom as relating to practical reason is necessarily understood as freedom aimed at the good. In the sphere of the ideal, i. e. the sphere of logical bases of ethics, there should be no freedom aimed at evil; such freedom exists only in the real, empirical world. One can assume that the notion of freedom of will as freedom aimed at the good, being a condition for ...

• Around the “social pedagogy” of Paul Natorp: Vladimir Dinze in the debates on national upbringing. Part 2

  ....11.2016). 22. RGALI [The Russian state archive of literature and arts], F. 1348. Op. 4. Ed. 2. 1 l. Pis’mo P. Natorpa V. F. Dinze. Na nem. yaz. [Letter of P. Natorp to V. Dinze, in German]. Marburg, 20.12.1909. 23. Rubinshtein, M. M. 1916a, Vojna i ideal vospitanija (K voprosu o nacionalizme v pedagogike) [War and the ideal of upbringing (To the problem of nationalism in pedagogy)], Vestnik vospitanija [Bulletin of upbringing], no. 3, depart. I, p. 32—72. 24. Rusova, S. F. 1913, (Rec.:) Vl. Dinze....

• A dynamic visualizations of mathematic models of the singular points of hydrodynamics analytic functions

  Dynamic visualizations for mathematic models for potentially stable flows of ideal incompressible liquid have been built using special points of analytic functions. 1. Голубева О. В. Курс механики сплошных сред. М., 1972. 2. Лойцянский Л. Г. Механика жидкости и ...

• A new way of solving the problem of the sinusoidal waves on the surface of a homogeneous perfect fluid

  ... fully consistent with the known. Specially considered long-wave approximation. 1. Сретенский Л. Н. Теория волновых движений идеальной жидкости. М., 1977. Zaitsev A., Kulakov P. homogeneous ideal fluid, a new method of studying of sinusoidal waves, horizontal and vertical components of velocity, pressure, long-wave approach 48-55

• Immanuel Kant and Pavel Novgorodtsev and their views on the Agent of History

  ... Нравственная проблема в философии Канта. М., 1903. 6.  Новгородцев П.   И. Об общественном идеале. М., 1991. Vingradov A. agent of history, humanity, personality, aim of history, social ideal, moral standards. 20-25 10.5922/2223-2095-2009-6-3