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• Kant, Nietzsche, and the Enlightenment: A comparative analysis

  This article provides a comparative analysis of I. Kant’s and F. Nietzsche’s critical approaches, which is carried out in the context of the thinkers’ attitudes to the problem of the Enlightenment. In spite of a rather peculiar understanding of the Enlightenment, which differed significantly from that of their contemporaries, Kant and Nietzsche have remarkably similar ideas. The author reconstructs the essence and purpose of the Enlightenment,...

• The antinomy of political reason. Some deliberations on Kant’s “Answer-ing the Question: What is Enlightenment?”

  This article analyses Kant’s work “Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?” It is shown that Kant’s enlightenment is a political project. The author focuses on the philosophical prerequisites and the essence of this project and analyses the difference between the “public” and “private” use of reason....

• Light and shades of the Enlightenment. Reflections on “Utopias of the Age of Enlightenment” a book by A. V. Chudinov. M. : Integration: Education and Science, 2017. 96 p.

  The article focuses on the book "Utopias of the Age of Enlightenment" by A. V. Chudinov. Analyzing this work, the author reflects on the contradictions and paradoxes of the Enlightenment: the utopian ideals of the Enlightenment, aimed at achieving universal happiness and prosperity, in practice were ...

• Kant’s Ethics in the Context of the Enlightenment. Report of the 12th Kant Readings Conference (Kaliningrad, 21-25 April 2019

  ... thematically universal, embracing all the areas of Kant’s legacy. This time the conference focused on practical philosophy, i.e. the historical grounds and modern significance of Kant’s ethical thought as compared to other philosophical projects of the Enlightenment era. Due attention was paid to the reception of the ethics of Kant and the Enlightenment by philosophers in Russia and the West. Breakout groups discussed aspects of interconnection between the Enlightenment ethics and esthetics as well ...

• Was heißt Fortschritt im Wissen? Gnoseoto­pi­sche Überlegungen zur Auf­klä­rung und ihren Folgen

  This article focuses on the question of what “progress in knowledge” (Fortschritt im Wissen) since the Enlightenment could mean. The answer is rooted in a shift in perspective in our understanding of the Enlightenment, and in an awareness of the gnoseotope at the center of this perspectival shift. Given the fact that human knowledge has always been considered ...

• Kant on the rights of citizens in matters of religion: The concept of religious tolerance in the German Enlightenment

  ... must not dispense justice or rule in a way that is demeaning to his or her greatness. Moreover, the section covers the problem of the rights and obligations of the monarch and his or her subjects in religious matters. This problem was crucial to the Enlightenment. Kant’s deliberations on the issue include a long prehistory of formulating the concept of religious tolerance and modelling relations between the state and different confessions, based on the rules of natural law, which date back to the ...

• Kant and the Berlin Enlightenment

  This article compares the concepts of enlightenment formulated by M. Mendelssohn in the article “On the question: what does ‘to enlighten’ mean?” and I. Kant in the article “An Answer to the Question: ‘What is Enlightenment?’”. The author emphasises the paramount significance ...

• Antecedents to the idea of constitutional control in the French legal thought of the Enlightenment

  In this article, I consider the institution of constitutional control and its development during the Enlightenment. I stress that enlighteners thoroughly disapproved of French parliaments as forerunners of modern bodies of consti­tutional justice and explain why this was the case. In an early modern state, conditions for constitutional control and its ...

• «Cultivate Your Garden»: Natural Existence Utopia of Enlightenment Man in Park and Garden Landscapes (on the Example of “Life and Adventures” by Andrei Bolotov)

  This article considers the realisation of the Enlightenment landscape utopia on the example of the analysis of the evolution of utopian ideas by Andrei Bolotov in his autobiographical work “Life and Adventures”. The author of the article outlines the destruction of ‘natural state’ of a human ...

• Kant — a leap out the world of Enlightenment

  ... landing ground is unprecedented. Kant preformed this intellectual feat through understanding the true essence of human nature. All the novelties and discoveries that he introduced into philosophy are the results of this initial achievement. Whereas the Enlightenment formulated the principle of naturalism as a basic one for the comprehensive understanding of the world, Kant juxtaposed it with the principles of transcendental anthropology. As a result, it requires a new understanding of 1) the nature ...

• XI Kant Readings

  Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University announces the XI International Kant Readings “Kantian Project of Enlightenment Today”, dedicated to Kant’s 290th anniversary and to 230th anniversary of his widely influential essay “Answering the Question: What is Enlightenment?” The Organizing Committee 114-115 [html]<br />

• Intellektuelle Anschauung und philosophische Schwärmerei. Kant und die Aufklärung des philosophierenden Subjekts

  The article broaches the issue of Kant’s claim of the enlightenment of the philosophizing subject by tracing his criticism of philosophical enthusiasm (“Schwärmerei”). For Kant intellectual intuition (“intellektuelle Anschauung”) serves in case of philosophical enthusiasm as a reason for the justification ...

• The intellectual interconnections between Königsberg and the Baltics in the 19th century

  This article analyses the Königsberg context of the activities of 18th century enlighteners — Johann Gotthelf Lindner and Jacob Lange — in the Baltics and offers an overview of their linguistic works. On the basis of the hypothesis about the influence of the Königsberg spirit of Enlightenment on the formation of Lindner’s ...

• Inadvisable Concession: Kant’s Critique of the Political Philosophy of Christian Garve

  ... Press. Kuehn, M., 1987. Scottish Common Sense in Germany, 1768-1800. Kingston and Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press. Maliks, R., 2014. Kant’s Politics in Context. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Oz-Salzberger F., 1995. Translating the Enlightenment: Scottish Civic Discourse in Eighteenth-Century Germany. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Solovyov, E. Y., 2005. Kategoricheskiy imperativ nravstvennosti i prava [Kategorical Imperative of Morality and Law]. Moscow: Progress-Traditsiya. (In Rus....

• Kantian ethos in J. Rawls’s political philosophy

  This article examines the relation between J. Rawls’s philosophical and political conceptions and I. Kant’s ideas and the intellectual and political tradition of the Enlightenment in general. The author defends Rawls’s approach to Kant’s works interpreting it as “discipleship”, the assimilation and intrinsic reconceptualization of Kantian ideas preserving the essence of the assimilated. Rawls justifies his ...

• The apologia of reason in J. Chr. Gottsched’s classicistic system: On the 250th anniversary of the philosopher’s death

  This article revisits the ratio-centric system developed by the prominent exponent of the German enlightenment J. Chr. Gottsched (1700—1766). The authors examine the problem of the ontological argument in the context of the current civilizational crisis of consciousness, which arose against the background of the 20th century crisis of objectivist ...

• The unity of public and family morals in the comedies of Yekaterina II

  This article considers the enlightenment strategy of Yekaterina the Second aimed at introducing the nobility to basic values, in particular, family consolidation and devotion to the interests of the state. A literature means of implementing this strategy was the comedies of Yekaterina ...

• Logic Manuals for Women in the Late Enlightenment Era

  ... Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, pp. XII-LXIX. Hoffmann, P. T., 1927. Eine Altonaer Dichterin von Wein, Weib und Gesang: Johanne Charlotte Unzerin. Altonaer Stadtkalender, 15, pp. 31-35. Kant, I., 1991. An Answer to the Question: ‘What is Enlightenment?’ In: I. Kant, 1991. Political Writings. Edited by H. S. Reiss, translated by H. B. Nisbet. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 54-60. Kharitonova, А. М., 2016. Medical Anthropology in the 18th Century and Development of Anthropology ...

• The Book of Life in the hermeneutics of Johann Georg Hamann

  ... many modern philosophers: the world of culture is turning into an autoch­thonous flicker of hybrid quotations ruins. Gilmanov, V., 2003. Germenevtika «obraza» I. G. Gamana i Prosveshchenie Kalinin­grad [Hermeneutics of Image by J. G. Hamann and Enlightenment]. Kaliningrad (in Russ.). Gilmanov, V., 2005. Crusades of J. G. Hamann against Enlightenment. Vestnik MGU. Ser.: Filosofia [Bulletin of Moscow State University. Ser.: Philosophy], 3, pp. 14—26 (in Russ.). Gilmanov, V., 2013. J. G. Gaman ...

• Thinking and faith. An afterword to the correspondence regarding relations between Hamann and Kant

  ... 1965—1979. 9. Schadel E. Kants “Tantalischer Schmertz“: Versuch einer konstruktiven Kritizismus-Kritik in ontotriadischer Perspektive. Frankfurt am Main ; Berlin ; Bern ; New York ; Paris ; Wien : Lang, 1998. G. Hamann, I. Kant, philosophy of Enlightenment, Critique of Pure Reason, hermeneutics, transcendental philosophy, Hamann’s polemic against Kant Gilmanov V. Kh. 93-101 10.5922/0207-6918-2013-2-8 [html]<div align="justify">1. Gilmanov, V. H. 2003, Germenevtika «obraza» ...

• Kants „moralisch-bestimmter Monotheismus“ – eine an der „wahren Aufklärung“ orientierte Kritik an Lessings Ringparabel?

  ... the two is probably also the primary reason why important factual differences and controversial aspects have so far usually been neglected or ignored in research, although they still continue to raise problems and controversies in the context of the Enlightenment and the philosophy of religion. Although Lessing and Kant are both committed to the ideas of the Enlightenment and also appear as “related in essence”, above all with regard to religio-philosophical questions, Kant’s “moral determined ...

• Philosophy of the Enlightenment and its Relevance

• 12th Kant-Readings International Conference “Kant and the Ethics of Enlightenment: Historical Roots and Contemporary Relevance”

  Editorial board 114-114

• What does ‘to enlighten’ mean?

  Mendelssohn M. (translated from German by K.A. Volkova, edited by A.N. Kruglov and I.D. Koptsev) 74-78 10.5922/0207-6918-2011-3-7

• Moses Mendelssohn and his articles on enlightenment

  Volkova K.A. 85-92 10.5922/0207-6918-2011-3-10

• The Philosophy of the Enlightenment and Its Relevance

• Kant and the Enlightenment

• Kant and Enlightenment

• Kant and the Enlightenment

• Immaturity and the objective of a true reform in ways of thinking. Part I.

  The originality of Kant’s answer to the question of the Enlightenment in a 1784 article consisted not in addressing the words of Horace, which was commonplace in Germany of the time, but in linking it to the revised legal notion of immaturity, which is now interpreted from the philosophical and theological ...

• Hamann’s letter to Chr. J. Kraus regarding Kant’s work «An Answer to the Question: “What is Enlightenment?”»

  translated from German by V. Kh. Gilmanov 90-95 10.5922/0207-6918-2013-1-8

• The Knight of Contemporary Russian Kantiana. On the 85th Birthday of Leonard Kalinnikov

  ... (4): Transcendental Metaphysics, Epistemology and the Philosophy of Mind. Proceedings of International Seminar]. Moscow: GAUGN Press, pp. 42-46. (In Rus.) Kalinnikov, L. A., 2019c. Kant’s System as the Development of Ideological Intentions of the Enlightenment. In: N. A. Dmitrieva and V. A. Chaly, eds. 2019. 12th Kant-Readings. Kant and the Ethics of Enlightenment: Historical Roots and Contemporary Relevance: Proceedings of the International Conference. Kaliningrad: IKBFU Press, pp. 41-42. Kalinnikov,...

• The notion of necessity in the German philosophy of the¬ Enlighten¬ment

  Necessity is a key philosophical notion, which is used in different disciplines from logic to ontology. In the German philosophy of the Enlightenment, this concept was centralto the work of many thinkers. For them, necessity is related not only to logic but rather to the disciplines of general and special metaphysics. It is explained by that the principle of sufficient reason introduced ...

• How transcendental are Kant’s principles of public law?

  .... Political Review. Almanac] 2005. No. 2. P. 7—14. URL: http:// www. politex. info/content/view/153/30/ (accessed on 22.06.2015) 4. Zilber, А. S. 2014, «Negativnaja mudrost'» politicheskogo Prosveshhenija [The „Negative Wisdom“ of Political Enlightenment], in: XI Kantovskie chtenija: Kantovskij proekt prosveshhenija segodnja: materialy mezhdunarodnoj konferencii [XI Kant Readings: Kant's Enlightenment Project Today: Proceedings of the International Conference]. Kaliningrad. P. 178—181....

• Positive Philosopher with Restless Imagination (Rev.: V. V. Vasilyev, David Hume and the Riddles of His Philosophy. Moscow: LENAND, 2020, 704 pp.)

  ... Higher-Order Theories of Consciousness. In: S. Schneider and M. Velmans, eds. 2017. The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness. Hoboken. N. J.: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 288-297. Home, H., 2005. Essays on Principles of Morality and Natural Religion. Natural Law and Enlightenment Classics. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund. Hume, D., 1960. A Treatise of Human Nature. Reprinted from the original edition in 3 volumes and edited, with an Analytical Index, by L. A. Selby-Bigge. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Ivanenko, A. A., 2012....

• Preaching activity of Ludwig Ernst Borowski, a Königsberg pastor, during the Napoleonic wars (1806—1816)

  ... 5. Realencyklopädie für protestantische Theologie und Kirche / Hrsg. A. Hauck. Bd. 3. Leipzig, 1897. 6. Kaiser G. Pietismus und Patriotismus im literarischen Deutschland. Ein Beitrag zum Problem der Säkularisation. Wiesbaden, 1961. 7. Levinger M. Enlightened nationalism. The transformation of Prussian political culture 1806—1848. Oxford, 2000. 8. Rindfleisch J. Ludwig Ernst von Borowski, evangelischer Erzbischof von Preußen. Ein Lebensbild. Danzig, 1878. 9. Königsberger patriotische Predigten ...

• Enlightenment, Place and Identity: Imagining Russia in the Latvian Literature of the 18th—19th Centuries

  ... apgaismības virzienu kontrasti un nozīme latviešu 18. gadsimta literatūras attīstībā // Latviešu literatūras procesi un personības. Rīga, 2008. 2. Daija P. Genesis of the Concept of Statehood and Perception of Patriotism in Latvian Enlightenment Literature // Latvia and Latvians: A People and a State in Ideas, Images and Symbols. Rīga, 2000. 3. Dann O., Hroch M. Einleitung // Patriotismus und Nationsbildung am Ende des Heiligen Römischen Reiches. Köln, 2003. 4. Dunsdorf ...

• Karamzin, Kant, and Lavater — Intersecting Biographies

  ... ‘Schwärmerei’ was above all attacked by the publishers F. Nicolai and J. E. Biester, whom Karamzin would soon come in touch with in Berlin. The young traveler was appalled by the caustic tone of the debate among philosophers, who considered themselves enlightened and ought to be tolerant toward dissenters. Aside from contemporary pamphlets, the correspondence between Lavater and Kant (published in 1900) and between Karamzin and Lavater (published in 1893) reveals their mutual respect, but also their ...

• Donelaitis and Kant: to the issue of the hermeneutic of survival in the era of the “mystery of iniquity”

  ... This was the era of pietism. However, in Königsberg of the first half of the 18th century, pietism was not determined solely by the dogmatics of orthodox Lutheranism. Adherents of pietism demonstrate soteriological will to improve the world through enlightenment, which contradicts the predestination dogma. This will is found not only in Kant’s philosophical and pedagogical endeavours, but also in Donelaitis’s pedagogy, which deserves serious attention. Despite his deeply pietistic education,...

• Kant und das Recht der Lüge

  The author analyses the Enlightenment's principle of justifying lie from altruistic motives, which was criticised by Kant in the article "On a supposed right..." The article considers the advantages and disadvantages of arguments drawn in Kant's work. The author proves ...

• Immaturity and the objective of a true reform in ways of thinking. Part II

  The originality of Kant’s answer to the question of the Enlightenment in a 1784 article consisted not in addressing the words of Horace, but in linking it to the revised legal notion of immaturity, which is now interpreted from the philosophical and theological perspective and has become one of key philosophical ...

• A Relation to the Politikal Revolution as a Touchstone for Practical Philosophy

  ... Kant’s positive attitude to the French revolution as a ‘historical sign’ of the possibility of moral and legal improvement of humanity through striving for moral goals. Political revolutions are considered as the initial (‘negative’) stage of enlightenment consisting in the liberation from coercion and ‘assistance’ from guardians. This s 1. Aldanov, M. A. 2002, Devyatoe termidora [The Ninth Thermidor]. In: Aldanov, M. A. Myslitel’. Tetralogiya [The Thinker, a tetralogy]. Moscow. ...

• Studies into the history of Russian Neo-Kantianism in Poland

  ... zwierzat (rec.) [G. Czelpanow. About mind animals (rev.)] // Przeglad Filozoficzny [Philosophical Review]. № 4, p. 520. 103. Walicki A. 1973, Rosyjska filozofia i mysl spoleczna od Oswiecenia do marksizmu [Russian philosophy and social thought from the Enlightenment to Marxism]. Warsaw. 104. Walicki A. 1979, A history of Russian thought from the Enlightenment to Marxism. Trans. H. Andrews-Rusiecka. Stanford. 105. Walicki A. 1980, A history of Russian thought from the Enlightenment to Marxism. Trans....

• Condorcet interpretation of probability’s theory: the use of a mathematical construct to the field of social action

  ... history of probability calculus as a method to describe historical chronology. The nature of Condorcet’s thoughts on the wide interdisciplinary opportunities of mathematics makes it possible to compare his ideas with those of other philosophers of the Enlightenment (Rousseau, Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Diderot), as well as a number of provisions of Kant’s philosophy. Despite the fact that Condorcet was not familiar with Kant’s works, his general ideas on the autonomous subject, their reason and ...

• Kantian Philosophy and ‘Linguistic Kantianism’

  ... l’Académie Royale des Sciences & Belles-Lettres de Prusse pour l’année 1759. Nouvelle bibliothèque germanique, ou histoire littéraire de l’Allemagne, de la Suisse, & des Pays du Nord, 21(1), pp. 201-204. 3. Berlin, I., 2013. Three Critics of the Enlightenment: Vico, Hamann, Herder, 2nd ed. Princeton: Princeton University Press. 4. Devitt, M., Sterelny, K., 1999. Language and Reality, 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell. 5. Dragalina-Chernaya, E. G., 2018. Consequences and Design in General and Transcendental ...

• Indeed, what is Enlightenment? (an afterword to Ha-mann’s letter to Kraus)

  1. Волкова К. А. Моисей Мендельсон и его статьи о просвещении // Кантовский сборник. 2011. № 3 (37). 2. Кант И. Ответ на вопрос: Что такое Просвещение? // Кант И. Собр. соч. : в 8 т. Юбилейное издание 1794—1994 / под ред. А. В. Гулыги. М., 1994. Т. 8. 3. Лавринович К. К. Альбертина: очерки истории Кёнигсбергского университета. Калининград, 1995. 4. Hamann J. G. Sämtliche Werke: 6 Bde. Historisch-kritische Ausgabe von J. Nadler. Wien, 1949—1957. Gilmanov V. Kh. 95-97 10.5922/0207-6918-2013-1-9

• German pre-Kantian philosophy: a blank, grey, or multicoloured spot?

  ... аксио­логической рефлексии // Иммануил Кант: наследие и проект / под ред. В. С. Сте­пина, Н. В. Мотрошиловой. М., 2007. philosophy in Russia, Russian Kant studies, philosophy of German Enlightenment, V. A. Zhuchkov, Chr. Wolff’s philosophy Kruglov A. N. 10-12 10.5922/0207-6918-2010-4-2

• Russian Neo-Kantianism: An External Perspective

  ... 2013. Neo-Kantianstvo v Rossii: Aleksandr Ivanovich Vvedensky, Ivan Ivanovich Lapshin [Neo-Kantianism in Russia: Aleksandr I. Vvedensky, Ivan I. Lapshin]. Moscow: ROSSPEN, pp. 40-73. (In Russ.) 7. Dmitrieva, N. A., 2016. Back to Kant, or Forward to Enlightenment: The Particularities and Issues of Russian Neo-Kant­ianism. Russian Studies in Philosophy, 54(5), pp. 378-394. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10611967.2016.1290414 8. Kubalica, T., 2013. Wiedza w neokantyzmie. Studia Systematica, 3, pp. 89-107....

• Kant im Diskurs der „Technologien der Hoffnung“. Aus Anlass der 5. Wiederkehr der Verleihung der Kaliningrader Universität den Namen Kants

  Kant's 'Technique of hope' appears to be the 'most genuine hope of the Enlightenment' for the moral intersubjectivity of being. Its immense significance becomes obvious against the background of Kant's 'Copernican Revolution', which resulted in the new subject-oriented ontology. The viability of this ontology depends on ...