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... the tour is a message sent by the tour operator to the addressee — the potential consumer of tourist services. This type of communication is not exclusively commercial; it has an indirect impact on the accomplishment of a broader range of socially significant goals, first and foremost, the formation of a positive image of the city. The success of communication does not only depend on the fact of the purchasing of the tour but on the social context associated with the subsequent actions of the addressee....

... the influence of the artistic design of the temples of medieval Vladimir on the formation of the urban sacred space. The study aims to use the example of Vladimir during the reign of Andrei Bogolyubsky and Vsevolod III to substantiate the city-forming significance of exterior sculptural programs as a visual text that encodes the key parameters of the semantic organisation of urban environment. Hermeneutic presuppositions and initial cultural conditions for such an analysis are formulated. Based on ...

... the bio­world, where such parameters as sense and purpose become determinative. Such an under­standing of these processes makes it possible to develop Lotman’s concept of the semiosphere and, firstly, to confirm his assumptions that semiosis can be preceded only by a previous se­miotic form, and, secondly, to show the original mechanisms of semiosphere self-organization and autonomous functioning. The very dualism of the genetic code, its simultaneous biochem­ical and linguosemiotic organization,...

... subject to various modifications. The aim of this research is to de­termine the ways paroemias are modified by time-reframing, being one of the main discourse strategies. Modifications of phraseological units are set by the pragmatic goal of the subject ... ... phraseological units. Special attention is paid to the so-called ‘naïve’ axiology. The coronavirus discourse includes neologisms, a significant number of phraseological units and idioms, which have acquired new meanings, as well as new proper nouns such as Raskhlamingo,...

... an additional, logical and semantic dimension for the inter­pretation of the tragedy Boris Godunov. On the other hand, they significantly clarify the ex­isting theories of the proper name, showing their possible non-trivial, and in some cases, prob­lematic ... ... Vol. 2. Moscow, pp. 187—202 (in Russ.). Wittgenstein, L., 1958. Philosophical investigations. Translated by G. E. M. Anscom­be. Oxford. Wittgenstein, L., 2003. Philosophical research. In: M. Müller et al., eds. Yazyki kak obraz mira [Languages as an ...

... interprets emotives in multiple aspects: in the aspect of the grammar of poetic language and in their figurative representation. Within the frames of such grammatical categories as the imperative and subjunctive moods, emotives acquire typologically significant cognitive and semantic characteristics: a drive to display emotions, desire and the unattainability of the desired. The semantic features of emotives are revealed in the structures of the 'inner speech': in interrogative structures and pseudo-dialogical ...

... of research due to the fact that Andrey Tarkovsky’s innovative cinematic ap­proach makes his works akin to the approaches of art innovators of the avant-garde epoch. The specificity of the interdiscursivity of “Stalker” is determined both by a significant degree of transformation of its literary basis and by a varied appropriation of certain types of discourse in the process of making a film as an original artistic-aesthetic object. Elements of different types of discourse act as linguistic ...

... “Theologi­cal Treatise” as an instrument of ‘devilish theology’. In a dialogue with the traditions of Rus­sian religious philosophy, and above all with Dostoevsky’s legacy, Miłosz turns to the Apoca­lypse, in which the most aesthetically significant the idea for him is that of ​​restoring paradisi­acal existence. However, unlike Dostoevsky, the concept of life after death in “Theological Treatise” is not free from pessimism and skepticism. Miłosz is inclined towards the ideological ...

This paper is a retrospective analysis of the development of the journal "Slovo.ru: Baltic Accent" since 2010. There have been significant changes in the editorial policy of the journal and the variety of themes has become remarkably rich. The main approach to the formation of the content of the journal has changed from polydisciplinarity to transdisciplinarity. The journal ...

... 1868. Grammaire élémentaire et pratique de la langue anglaise: Ouvrage ac­compagné de nombreux exercices de conversation et suivi de deux vocabulaires alphabétiques. Genève. Wagner, L., 1894. Manners, Customs and Observances: Their Origin and Significance. London.

... biography]. Mos­cow (in Russ.). Nepomnyashchy, V. S., 1999. Pushkin. Russkaya kartina mira. Seriya «Pushkin v XX ve­ke» [Pushkin. Russian world view. Series “Pushkin in the XX century”]. Vol. VI. Moscow (in Russ.). Petrukhina, E. V., 2013. Cognitive significance of the category of the present tense. In: A. V. Bondarenko, ed. Glagol'nye i imennye kategorii v sisteme funktsional'noi grammatiki [Verbal and nominal categories in the system of functional grammar]. St. Pe­tersburg. pp. 233—241 (in Russ....

... article is an attempt to shed light on one aspect of this problem. Bolotov’s personal fund (No. 349) in the Archives and manuscripts section of the State Historical Museum contain a manuscript of Bolotov’s memoirs entitled “Part 2”. It differs significantly in its essential characteristics (paper, de­sign, size, composition, title, division into sections, etc.) from most manuscripts of Bolotov’s memoirs. The study presents a textual analysis of this manuscript and compares it with the text ...

... l’Académie françoise. Vol. 2. Paris. Guizot, F., 1828. Cours d’histoire moderne. Histoire générale de la civilisation en Eu­rope. Paris. Laveaux, J.-Ch., 1820. Nouveau dictionnaire de la langue française. Vol. 2. Paris. McNally, R., 1986. Significant Revelations in Chaadaev’s Letters to A. I. Turge­nev. Studies in Soviet Thought, 32 (4), pp. 321—339. McNally, R. T. and Tempest, R., eds., 1991. Philosophical Works of Peter Chaadaev. Dordrecht, Boston. Schleifer, J. T., 2018. Tocqueville....

... which are dialectical and ambivalent. The authors explore these characteristics of Russian people from the standpoint of the dichotomy own vs. alien. The analysis shows that after the abolition of serfdom in 1861, the image of Russian people undergoes significant changes under the in­fluence of social processes. Ageykina, I. N., 2008. Ideologemes “people” and “nationality” in Russian jour­nalism of the XIX century. Vestnik RGGU. Seriya: Literaturovedeniye. Yazykoznaniye. Kul’turologiya ...

... and an ordinary mind does not perceive colour separately from the object, it is possible to observe the knowledge about colour, which exists in the lan­guage but does not exist in its physical sense. We hold that the given knowledge is the cause of significant difficulties arising in the translation of various colour terms, though the nature of these terms existence should not be complex in its essence, being a basic phenomenon of the natural world. Moreover, certain ambiguity rises when reference points of colour do not coin­cide with the indirect naming of colours and shades in different languages. Different pairs of languages ...

... vocabulary, etc.), and pragmatic features. The results of the diasporic speech analysis show that the key components of a typical diasporic discourse are the following ones: spatial-temporal localization (space: Estonia — Russia —the West relations; significant locations, space in the past and today (the empire, the Republic of Estonia, the Soviet Union); information space; time: historical periods, dates, holidays; time in information space, etc.), linguistic reflections (metalinguistic units denoting ...

... status, attitudes, and personal preferences. The comparative analysis of interfaces was carried out from the perspective of a change in the linguistic projection (which happens when the user switches from Russian to English and vice versa). I detected significant differences in all the categories analysed. I conclude that the Vkontakte platform reflects traditional patriarchal values and the Facebook platform those of pluralism and subject-centricity. Semeinyi kodeks Rossiiskoi Federatsii ot 29.12....

... other. We address the transition of the latter term from the theological realm of German mysticism to the aesthetics and gnosiology of the 18th century and examine its correlation with the 20th-century aesthetic and semiotic concepts. We stress the significance of Baumgarten’s ideas for the development of new aesthetic systems rejecting the traditional poetic and rhetorical systems. Baumgarten made an important contribution to the development of the idea of sensible cognition as the goal of aesthetics,...

... It is reflected in the composition and the choice of colours as well as in the selection and juxtaposition of motifs and their correlation with the architectural elements of the Kaliningrad Cathedral. The soteriological aspect does not diminish the significance of other factors determining the iconography of the murals, i. e. the architectural design, the dedication of the Cathedral, liturgical aspects etc. On the contrary, it contributes to a deeper understanding of such aspects. 1. Arkhimandrit ...

... Society of History, Archeology and Ethnography], 3. 5. Grekov, B. D., 1939. The history of the ancient Slavs and Russia in the works of Academician V. G. Vasilievsky. Vestnik drevnei istorii [Bulletin of Ancient History], 1. 6. Grekov, B. D., 1940. The significance of S. A. Zhebelev's work "The Last Move and the Scythian Uprising on Bhaipuri" for the History of Our Country. Vestnik drevnei istorii [Bulletin of Ancient History], 1. 7. Grekov, B. D., Bromlei, Yu. V., 1952. The study of history ...

... representation of cultural memory. The author analyses and compares theories describing relations between historiographical and literary texts. Such relations are based on the fiction/non-fiction opposition. It is concluded that the aesthetic component assumes significance in structuring historiographical texts. 1. Assmann, A., Assmann J., 1994. Das Gestern im Heute. Medien und soziales Gedächtnis. In: K. Merten, S. J. Schmidt, S. Weissenberg, eds. Die Wirklichkeit der Medien. Eine Einführung in die Kommunikationswissenschaft....

... of the idea of the ruler in the consciousness of Slavs. The study employs the methods of etymological, lexicographical, lexical-semantic analysis, as well as methods of modern comparative studies. The author identifies the integral and differential significance contained in the semantics of the paired Church Slavonic and Greek lexemes. This helps to determine the effect of the identified semantic differences on the variations in the Christian perception of God by ancient Greeks and Slavs, as regards ...

... studies. Everett’s definitions of language and culture are contrasted with those of various schools in linguistics. It should be noted that Everett does not appear to use the term linguistic worldview. Yet, due to the rich empirical evidence found and ... ... books and papers, Everett effectively summarizes the views on the subject of worldview. Everett’s standpoint does not show significant differences from those of Anna Wierzbicka, or Veronika N. Teliya. At the end of this article, Everett is compared ...

... "other" or selfimages as well. Consequently, in the Russian studies there is still no generally accepted definition of the term imagology. The article describes recent tendencies in the imagological studies in Russia. The author holds that imagology has a significant potential for development and the subject of this field of science can be extended due to intensifying interactions between different national cultures and literatures. Bakhtin, M. M., 1979. Estetika slovesnogo tvorchestva [Aesthetics of Verbal Art]. Moscow. 424 p. (in Russ.). Dima, A., 1977. The image of an alien in ...

The article is dedicated to Nikolai Karamzin, a historian and a major public figure of imperial Russia. His various achievements make him a figure of lasting significance and continuing interest. The subject of the research is N. M. Karamzin’s views on the matters of public education and of ideological and family upbringing in the late 18th — early 19th-century Russia. Special attention is paid to N. M....

... Russia]. Moscow. 12. Lur’e, V. M., 2009. Vvedenie v kriticheskuyu agiografiyu [Introduction to critical hagiography]. St. Petersburg. 13. Nikol’skii, N. K., 1901. Historical features in the formulation of church teaching in Moscow Rus and their significance for the modern homiletics. Khristianskoye chtenie [Christian reading], 2, pp. 220—236. 14. Rudi, T. R., 2005. Topology of russian hagiographies (questions of typology). In: S. A. Semyachko and T. R. Rudi, eds. Russkaya agiografiya. Issledovaniya....

The author shows special significance of a change of heart and mind of Prince Vladimir, the "miracle of miracles" (Metropolitan Hilarion), which despite all the internal and external hardships of Russia, still reflects its main essence — faithfulness to the Law of ...

... of N. Karamzin in Russian poetry shows his relevance at hard and critical times of country’s history when fundamental values and value orientations were strained, but human worth which N. Karamzin presented to the world the full took on particular significance. 1. Аксаков К. С. О Карамзине. Речь, написанная для произнесения пред Симбирским дворянством // Русская литература. 1977. № 3. С. 102—110. ...

... present time, however, both Russian and German researchers have been paying little attention to the analytical aspect of the Russian historiographer’s work. The article deals with the the attitude to Karamzin’s research activity, accentuating the significance of his work for assessing the events of 500 years ago and of today. 1. Балязин В. Н. Россия и Тевтонский орден // Вопросы истории. 1963. № 6. 2. Енш Г. А. Н. М. Карамзин, Н....

... representatives of the so-called ‘Königsberg text’. Despite the differences in diagnosing the modern state of affairs, which is being reduced to the binary opposition of the ‘optimistic belief in progress’ vs the ‘apocalyptic belief in the inevitability ... ... ‘Königsberg text’ represented in the works of Dach, Donelaitis, Kant, Bobrowski show a remarkable potential of ideas, which are significant in their relevance for the ‘grammar’ if not of survival then of meaningful and humane life. 1. Альбрехт ...

1. Головко Ж. С. Современное языковое строительство в Восточной Славии.Харьков, 2010. 2. Літаратура і мастацтва. 2003. 31 янв. 3. Літаратура і мастацтва. 2007. 10 авг.

... objection fails: ordinary moral reasons do not stand in need of a grounding in Reason. There is no prospect of deriving them from a supreme principle of morality or other canons of rationality. Ordinary reasons are sufficient in themselves, though their significance can be elucidated and illuminated by various strategies — some broadly Aristotelian, some drawing inspiration from Kant’s formula of humanity — in ways that can strengthen and vindicate them. Notwithstanding the failure of the objection, I conclude ...

... technological means) do, ultimately, have “heteronomous” characteristics. So-called AI-“autonomy” is a sensor-directed performance automatism, which — compared with the potential for ethical judgment in human “practical reason” — proves to be limited in significant ways (even if, in so-called “machine learning”, digital technologies are able to probabilistically adapt to new data). This is shown in some detail with reference to the idea of a “digital humanism”, which was introduced by Julian ...

Constructive (productive) thinking in the critical philosophy of Hermann Cohen differs significantly from the seemingly similar speculative thinking in J. G. Fichte’s Science of Knowledge (Wissenschaftslehre) (1794/95).... ... the infinitesimal method, continuity, movement, production, correlation, intensive magnitude, interrelation of thinking and being. According to Cohen, scientific thinking can only be pure and generated by the origin. The origin is continuous action (movement) ...

.... Parfit, D., 2011. On What Matters, Volume 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Puls, H., 2016. Kant’s Justification of Parental Duties. Kantian Review, 21(1), pp. 53-75. Rumbaugh, D. and Washburn, D., 2003. Intelligence of Apes and Other Rational Beings. New Haven: Yale University Press. Scheffler, S., 2011. Introduction. In: D. Parfit, 2011. On What Matters. Volume 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. XIX-XXXII. Shiffrin, S., 1999. Wrongful Life, Procreative Responsibility, and the Significance of Harm. Legal Theory, 5(2), pp. 117-148. Singer, P. and Cavalieri, P., eds. 1993. The Great Ape Project: Equality Beyond Humanity. London: Fourth Estate. Weinberg, R., 2016. The Risk of a Lifetime: How, When, and Why Procreation May Be Permissible....

... youyi chubanshe [Shandong Friendship Press]. Deng, X., 2006. 康德哲学的当代意义 Kangde zhexue de dangdai yiyi [The Significance of Kantian Philosophy Today]. In: D. Xiaomang, 2006. 康德哲学讲演录 Kangde zhexue jiangyanlu [Lectures on ... ... Hunan jiaoyu chubanshe [Hunan Educational Press]. Deng, X., 2008a. 人论三题 Renlun san ti [Three Inquiries into the Human Being]. Chongqing: 重庆大学出版 Chongqing chubanshe [Chongqing University Press]. Deng, X., 2008b. 我怎么学起哲学来 ...

... not only with the philosophy of mathematics, but also with related areas of Kant’s philosophy, e. g. the question: What is intuition and singular term? Then I look at more specific questions, e. g.: What is the subject of arithmetic and what is the significance of diagrams in mathematical reasoning? As a result, the reader is presented with a fairly complete overview of modern discussions which can be used as an introduction to the problem field of Kant’s philosophy of mathematics. Allison, H. E., 1973. A Historical-Critical Introduction. In: H. E. Allison, ed. 1973. The Kant-Eberhard Controversy; An English translation together with supplementary ...

The “Cambridge pragmatists”, Charles S. Peirce, William James and Josiah Royce, are at least in two respects significantly indebted to Kant: first, as von Kempski, Apel and Murphey have shown, with regard to the epistemological issues ... ... Kant’s analysis of the horizon of religious hope with regard to human praxis for a pragmatism-inspired philosophy of religion can be expected from a detailed discussion of the thoughts of Peirce and Royce, of thoughts, which, in complex ways, relate to, as ...

... “postmetaphysical” conceptions of morality, as maintained by Rawls and Habermas. These prove deficient owing to their contract-based approach. Important in the examination of the key idea of the “state of virtue” is Kant’s thesis that such a state “cannot be realized (by human organization) except in the form of a church”. In view of the fact that, today, in many parts of the world significant segments of the population adhere to agnostic or atheistic convictions, the focus is placed on Kant’s specific conception of “church” that is clearly distinct from “historical” creeds and religious practices, and on the way in which ...

... which creates the problem of the relationship between these faculties. The importance of this problem stems from the colossal significance of each of the above-mentioned faculties which are intimately connected with Kant’s formulation of the key tasks ... ... P. Guyer and A. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2004. Prolegomena to any Future Metaphysics that Will Be Able to Come Forward as Science. Translated and edited by G. Hatfield. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2005....

... Guyer and A. W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2002. Prolegomena to Any Future Meta­physics That Will Be Able to Come Forward as Science. In: Kant, I., 2002. Theoretical Philosophy after 1781. Edited by H. Allison and P. Heath. ... ... 31-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2018-3-2 . Komarov, S. V., 2006. The Concept of Appearance in Kant: Meaning and Significance. Vestnik of Kostroma State University, 12(4), pp. 165-175. (In Rus.) Krouglov, A. N., 2005. Did Kant Have a Transcendental ...

... an understanding of the Church Fathers. They rejected the role of reason in evaluating moral choices, relying on faith to reveal objective moral laws and rules. Their form of Christian humanism lay in a commitment to justice and respect for all human beings. However, the arguably most historically significant Christian humanist in this era was Vladimir S. Solovyov, who went on to combine influ­ences from Slavophilism and the third type of humanism, Kantian humanism. This third type of humanism professedly relied on reason alone, not metaphysical ...

... Lossky’s categorial framework as the representation of a system of levels of the universe each of which is characterised by two aspects: the ontological, i.e. it is part of the unity of the world, and the gnoseological, i.e. it has an independent cognitive significance. Frank considers categories to be an organic part of the ontological proof of intuitivism. A common trend in the construction of categorial schemes by Lossky and Frank is their striving to combine gnoseological and ontological descriptions of categories. The key difference is the way ...

... self-consciousness and the understanding of subjectivity in Kant’s ethics as well as in Fichte’s philosophy. Stolzenberg shows the significance of Heidegger’s philosophical relations with Kant, Fichte, and the Neo-Kantians. He outlines the reasons which explain ... ... human dignity, he emphasises the non-empirical essence of this concept as it is presented in Kant’s ethics and as it should be defended against recent critics. According to Stolzenberg, the principle of modern subjectivity proves to be fruitful in understanding ...

... oder Idealismus und Realismus: ein Gespräch. Breslau: Löwe. Kant, I., 2004. Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics that will be Able to Come Forward as Science. Translated by G. Hatfield. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2005. Notes and ... .... London: Methuen. Stroud, B., 1968. Transcendental Arguments. Journal of Philosophy, 65, pp. 241-256. Stroud, B., 1984. The Significance of Philosophical Skepticism. New York: Clarendon Press, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Stroud, B., 2016. Roberto’s ...

... Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad. Traditionally, Kant Readings have been thematically universal, embracing all the areas of Kant’s legacy. This time the conference focused on practical philosophy, i.e. the historical grounds and modern significance of Kant’s ethical thought as compared to other philosophical projects of the Enlightenment era. Due attention was paid to the reception of the ethics of Kant and the Enlightenment by philosophers in Russia and the West. Breakout groups ...

... My study has established that the role of Garve’s work in the writing of Kant’s treatise Toward Perpetual Peace was more significant than Kant’s own words suggest. Besides, I show that it was under Garve’s influence that Kant turned to the problem ... ... Literatur und dem gesellschaftlichen Leben. 1. Teil. Breslau: bey W. G. Korn. Kant, I., 1793. On the Common Saying: ‘This May be True in Theory, but It Does Not Apply in Practice’. In: I. Kant, 1991. Political Writings. Edited by H. S. Reiss. Cambridge: ...

... socialist H. Tauschinski who was accused of blasphemy. Tauschinski wrote an article in which he doubted the immortality of the soul and the existence of a personal God. These two dogmas of the Catholic Church were considered bу the Austrian authorities to be the foundations of public order. Riehl questioned not only the charge but also the validity of religious dogmas for morality. Based on Kant’s ethics, he argued for a moral indifferentism of religious dogmas. His career was significantly influenced by this essay, because of its anti-clerical content. During the culture war, Riehl repeatedly had problems with the authorities, especially in the Austro-Hungarian monarchy. The “Neurath-Haller Thesis” argues that in Austria ...

Kant's 'Technique of hope' appears to be the 'most genuine hope of the Enlightenment' for the moral intersubjectivity of being. Its immense significance becomes obvious against the background of Kant's 'Copernican Revolution', which resulted in the new subject-oriented ontology. The viability of this ontology depends on the possibility of freedom, i. e. on whether the human being is capable ...