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... deeds of a holy fool in Russian Orthodox culture. Through considering the images of two “classical” saints – Simeon the Holy Fool ad Andrew the Holy Fool, the author emphasises the idea of humility as the dominant type of behaviour and the main personal characteristic thus objecting to S.A.Ivanov’s concept of aggression as the key typological feature of holy fools. The article also analyses images of saint in the anthropological and axiological aspects, which makes it possible to explain the ...

... is interested in the moral and psychological reasons behind this phenomenon rather than social ones. The plot structure and the author’s position suggest that robbery is depicted in the poem as a cardinal sin that cannot be justified; it forces a person to abandon the moral law and leads to spiritual death. 1. Вельтман А. А. Муромские леса. М., 1831. 2. Веселова Е. К. Психологическая деонтология: мировоззрение и нравственность ...

... административист и юрист-международник (К 130-летию со дня рождения) // Государство и право. 2007. № 3. 6. National archives of Finland. Chancellery of governor-general of Finland, personal folder 121, box FH9, Korff.

1. Георусистика. Первое приближение : сб. науч. ст. / под ред. А. Н. Рудякова. Симферополь, 2010. 2. Барр Д. Г. Дом разбитых зеркал. Минск, 2011. 3. Иконникова С. Н. Биография как социокультурное измерение истории //Культурологический журнал. 2011. № 4 (6). URL: http://www.journal.ru/rus/journals/100.html&j_id=8 (дата обращения: 10.05.2012). 4. Караулов Ю. Н. Русский язык и языковая личность. М., 2010. 5. Культура русской речи : энциклопедический словарь-справочник. М.,2003. 6. Млечко Т. П....

1. Гумилев Л. Н. Конец и вновь начало. М. ; СПб., 2003. 2. Ласинскас П. Лев Карсавин. Универсальная личность в контекстах европейской культуры. М., 2011. 3. Письмо Л. Толстого П. Столыпину от 26 июля 1907 г. Письмо П. Столыпина Л. Толстому от 23 октября 1907 г. Письмо Л. Толстого П. Столыпину от 28 января 1908 г. // Столыпин П. А. Переписка. М., 2007.

.... In: P. Guyer, ed. 1988. Kant’s Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals: Critical Essays. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 105-132. Overall, C., 2012. Why Have Children? The Ethical Debate. Cambridge: MIT Press. Parfit, D., 1984. Reasons and Persons. Oxford: Clarendon. Parfit, D., 2011. On What Matters, Volume 1. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Puls, H., 2016. Kant’s Justification of Parental Duties. Kantian Review, 21(1), pp. 53-75. Rumbaugh, D. and Washburn, D., 2003. Intelligence of ...

Kant’s turn to the subject has changed the epistemological conditions for theology. Four intellectual backgrounds of objections are examined: an Aristotelian and Thomistic teleological order of nature (1); Augustinianism based on original sin in which human agency is completely attributed to God’s grace (2); a Hegelian critique of the deontological conception of an “unconditional ought” which also puts Kant’s postulate of the existence of God into question (3); the combination in Radical Orthodoxy...

... 437-462. Sommadossi, T., 2018. ‚Polytheismus der Einbildungs­kraft‘: Wechselspiele von Literatur und Religion von der Aufklärung bis zur Gegenwart. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann. Thiel, U., 2014. The Early Modern Subject: Self-Consciousness and Personal Identity From Descartes to Hume. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

... The Main Enterprise of the World: Rethinking Education. New York: Oxford University Press. Kleingeld, P., 2015. Freedom of the Will as Moral Self-Legislation. Lecture delivered at the 12th International Kant Congress, Vienna. [unpublished manuscript] (Personal communication, 10 October 2015). Nagel, T., 1986. The View from Nowhere. New York: Oxford University Press. Parfit, D., 2011. On What Matters. In 2 Volumes. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Rawls, J., 1980. Kantian Constructivism in Moral Theory....

... nobis“. Überlegungen zu einer revolutionierenden Interpretation des Gottespostulats in Kants Kritik der praktischen Vernunft. Philosophisches Jahrbuch, 114(1), pp. 117-137. Sudakov, A. K., 2008. “True Self”: Reason as Freedom in Kantian Ethical Personalism. Philosophy and Culture, 3, pp. 61-75. (In Rus.) Sudakov, A. K., 2020. Ethico-Theology without Postulates: Questioning the Prehistory of Kant’s Philosophical Theology. RUDN Journal of Philosophy, 24(4), pp. 637-656. (In Rus.)

... God plays in Kant’s practical philosophy. Comparing the positions of Kant and Wolff, the author finds many similarities between them. Chief of them is that although both thinkers saw the moral/natural law as universal and obligating regardless of a person’s faith in God, in fact faith in God turned out to be an inevitable consequence of the true moral attitude of the individual. Albrecht, M., 1978. Kants Antinomie der praktischen Vernunft. Hildesheim: Olms. Albrecht, M., 1985. Einleitung....

... “Mysl” (1921—1923): New Documents. In: M. A. Kolerov and N. S. Plotnikov, eds. 2014. Studies in Russian Intellectual History [10]. Yearbook for 2010—2011. Moskau: Modest Kolerov, pp. 479-492. (In Rus.) Reznichenko, A. I., 2017. “Symphonic Personality” and “Labour Artel”: L. P. Karsavin in 1918—1922. In: O. A. Dovgopolova and A. A. Kamenskikh, eds. 2017. Gumanitarnaja nauka v Rossii i perelom 1917 goda: ekzistencial’noe izmerenie [Humanitarian Science in Russia and the Turning ...

... argumentations in the light of its projection on radically different ontological and epistemological principles. Berdnikova, А. Yu., 2017. ‘Back to Kant’ or ‘Back to Leibnitz’? A Critical View from the History of Russian Metaphysical Personalism. Kantian Journal, 36(2), pp. 33-45. (In Rus.) Blauberg, I. I., 2017. Evolution of Personalistic Ideas in the Work of N. O. Lossky. History of Philosophy, 22(1), pp. 106-120. (In Rus.) Bonadyseva, P. R., 2020. The Emergence of Onto-Gnoseology ...

The house which Immanuel Kant bought in Königsberg in 1783 has not survived, having been pulled down in the late nineteenth century. Likewise, hardly any of the great philosopher’s personal belongings have survived. Many pieces of furniture and household utensils were auctioned off after his death. So the Kant museum had few original exhibits from the Königsberg thinker’s house, and almost all these artefacts were lost during ...

... Fichte, 2021. Foundation of the Entire Wissenschaftslehre and Related Writings (1794—95). Edited and translated by D. Breazeale. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 380-436. Gadamer, H.-G., 1995. Subjektivität und Intersubjektivität, Subjekt und Person. In: H.-G. Gadamer, 1995. Gesammelte Werke. Volume 10: Hermeneutik im Rückblick. Tübingen: J. C. B. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), pp. 87-99. Goubet, J.-F., 2012. Paul Natorps Fichte-Rezeption in der “Praktischen Philosophie” von 1925. In: J. Stolzenberg ...

... Schelling]. Moscow: Institute of Philosophy RAS. (In Rus.) Krichevskii, A. V., 2011. Absolyutnyi dukh skvoz’ liki triedinstva: Sravnitel’nyi analiz filosofsko-teologicheskikh kontseptsii Gegelya i pozdnego Shellinga [The Absolute Spirit through the Persons of the Trinity: A Comparative Analysis of the Philosophical and Theological Conceptions of Hegel and the Late Schelling]. Moscow: Institute of Philosophy RAS. (In Rus.) Leinkauf, T., 1998. Schelling als Interpret der philosophischen Tradition: ...

... Coliva, ed. 2015. Mind, Language and Action. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 581-599. Renz, U., 2017a. Introduction. In: U. Renz, ed. 2017. Self-Knowledge. A History. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 1-18. Renz, U., 2017b. Self-Knowledge as a Personal Achievement. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 117(3), pp. 253-272. Ware, O., 2009. The Duty of Self-Knowledge. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, 79(3), pp. 671-698. Watkins, E. and Willaschek, M., 2017. Kant’s Account of Cognition....

... Leipzig: Insel Verlag. James, W., 2010. Die Unsterblichkeit des Menschen. In: F. Krämer und H. Pape, Hg. 2010. Der Sinn des Le­bens. Ausgewählte Texte. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, S. 151-169. Joas, H., 2011. Die Sakralität der Person. Eine neue Genealogie der Menschenrechte. Frankfurt a. M.: Suhrkamp. Joas, H., 2012. Religion als Option. Zukunftsmöglichkeiten des Christentums. Freiburg i. Br.: Herder. Joas, H., 2019. Die Macht des Heiligen. Eine Alternative zur Geschichte ...

... despise himself, but he cannot, according to Fichte, positively respect himself: that would require surpassing the requirement of the law through action. Meanwhile the affection of the self-sufficient law conceals even this impossibility from such a person. Finally, I show that the ethics of the Stoical and Kantian type retains, according to Fichte’s diagnosis, a refined interest in preserving and indulging the sensual self and hence the idea of God as the warrantor of empirical happiness / bliss....

... eighteenth century constitute one of the numerous varieties of the popular philosophy genre. Simple language, dialogic or epistolary form, practical orientation and eclecticism — all this brings logic within the intellectual reach of any civilised person, providing him/her with an instrument of performing their own mission, i. e. the employment of their reason. The very fact that the content of logic for women is practically no different from the content of classical compendiums was a revolutionary ...

... is best suited for Russian translations of Kant’s works. Baumgarten, S. J., 1767. Ausführlicher Vortrag der theologischen Moral, mit einer Vorrede von J. S. Semler. Halle: Gebauer. Blöser, C., 2014. Zurechnung bei Kant. Zum Zusammenhang von Person und Handlung in Kants praktischer Philosophie. Berlin: de Gruyter. Coleridge, S. T., 2002. The Notebooks of Samuel Taylor Coleridge. Volume 2: 1804—1808, Notes. Edited by K. Coburn. New York: Routledge. Gesellschaft von Gelehrten, ed. 1798. Vollständiges ...

... understanding of Morals und Dogma. Originally this essay was an expert opinion for the court case of the socialist H. Tauschinski who was accused of blasphemy. Tauschinski wrote an article in which he doubted the immortality of the soul and the existence of a personal God. These two dogmas of the Catholic Church were considered bу the Austrian authorities to be the foundations of public order. Riehl questioned not only the charge but also the validity of religious dogmas for morality. Based on Kant’s ethics,...

In this study, I investigate the philosophico-pedagogical concepts developed by German and Russian Neo-Kantians, namely P. Natorp, S. I. Hessen, M. M. Rubinstein. In order to identify the peculiarities of the approaches of the Neo-Kantians to legal consciousness in children, I show that the widely accepted view that Hessen borrowed Natorp’s hierarchical triad of moral development — anomie, heteronomy, and autonomy — lacks a solid ground. Moreover, Natorp generally does not use the concept of anomie...

... Ocherki i dokumenty. [Archeology of Russian Political Idealism: 1904—1927. Essays and Documents]. Moscow: Common Place, pp. 260-277. (In Rus.) Kolerov, M.A., 2019a. New Evidence of a Contemporary about Vladimir Solovyov. Appendix: L. E. Obolensky. My Personal Memories of V. S. Solovyov (1900). In: Studies in Russian Intellectual History. Yearbook for 2019, 15. Moscow: Modest Kolerov, pp. 9-23. (In Rus.) Kolerov, M.A., 2019b. New Publications of Documents on the History of Russian Thought. Part 3: ...

This interview with Professor Dr Jürgen Stolzenberg, board member of the Kant-Gesellschaft and co-editor of the Kant-Lexikon (2015), explores a wide range of topics — from Leibniz and Wolff to Heidegger and Husserl. The leading idea of Stolzenberg’s philosophical research is the justification of the principle of modern subjectivity in Kant’s philosophy and its transformations until our days. He discusses the meaning and development of the concept of self-consciousness and the understanding of subjectivity...

... journal Sovremenniye zapiski (Contemporary Notes). Although they differ radically in their definitions of the status of the state they concur in defining society as a set of social institutions and communities existing as instruments for expressing personal freedom. The social regulations they propose are already legal situations. Hessen and Gurvitch believe that the individual can fully exercise his/her freedom only in conditions of such legal pluralism. However, the concept of legal pluralism ...

... interaction among a multitude of individuals. An individual, according to Hessen, can understand his own past as a continuity only by comparing its component social practices to something that transcends his goals and that is not reduced to a fragment of personal being. Bambach, C., 2009. Neo-Kantianism. In: A. Tucker, ed. 2009. A Companion to the Philosophy of History and Historiography. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 477-487. Belov, V. N., 2016. (Book Review) Yu. Melikh. Irrational Expansion of ...

... view and in the second from the viewpoint of religious anthropology. However, Cohen considers the problem of inter-personal relationships not in isolation, but as an important component of his entire philosophical system. Deduction of the concept of personality in Ethics of Pure Will is based on Cohen’s logic of the origin expounded in the first part of his system in The Logic of Pure Cognition. Cohen explains that the origin of the self-consciousness of I as a personality is not the external world,...

... Idealism. 2nd edition. New Haven: Yale University Press. Almeida, G. A. de, 2013. Kant e a Refutação do Idealismo II. Analytica, 17(12), pp. 13-50. Ameriks, K., 2003. Interpreting Kant’s Critiques. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Aquila, R. E., 1979. Personal Identity and Kant’s “Refutation of Idealism. Kant-Studien, 70, pp. 259-278. Bader, R. M., 2012. The Role of Kant’s Refutation of Idealism. Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie, 94(1), pp. 53-73. Bardon, A., 2004. Kant’s Empiricism in ...

... Alekseyev (Askoldov), S. A., 1914. Mysl i deistvitelnost’ [The Thought and the Reality]. Moscow: Put’. (In Rus.) Berdnikova, A. Yu., 2017. ‘Back To Kant’ or ‘Back To Leibnitz’? A Critical View from the History of Russian Metaphysical Personalism. Kantian Journal, 36(2), pp. 33-45. (In Rus.) Beshkareva, I. Yu., 2016. Intuitionism in Russian philosophy: Lossky and Frank. In: V. P. Filatov, ed., 2016. Nikolai Onufrievich Lossky. Moscow: Politicheskaya enciklopediya, pp. 147-155. (In ...

The article is meant for teachers and everyone interested in the problems of upbringing and self-upbringing. The major incentive for all works of the great scientists was the desire to reveal the extent of possibility and necessity of dignity for a person pursuing their vocation. Kant showed the world as the world should be in accordance to the sensible disposition of the human being. The author analyses the main concepts of Kant's rational ethics and attempts to classify his pedagogical ideas, ...

... Man“ akzeptiert der Autor des Beitrags das Problem der Demütigung der menschlichen Persönlichkeit mittels des „Hindurchschauens“, des „looking through“. Der Autor hebt die Frage hervor, „was zur Wahrnehmung, zum "Erkennen" einer Person hinzutreten muss, um daraus einen Akt der Anerkennung zu machen“. Mit diesem Ziel wird die Bedeutung der (Un-)Sichtbarkeit im direkten und indirekten Sinne eingeführt, sowie Ergebnisse der Säuglingssozialisation analysiert. „Expressive“ ...

Gesetzmäßig ist, dass sich «die Philosophie des Wertes» in der konsequentesten und systematisierten Art gerade in der Tradition von Kant formiert. Für Kant ist die menschliche Persönlichkeit bei all ihrer Einzigartigkeit weder ethisch, noch ästhetisch in sich geschlossen. Die Entwicklung der axiologischen Ansichten Kants entwickelte sich je nach seinem Begreifen der allgemein-menschlichlichen Grundlagen der Werte. Zu einer unvergänglichen Errungenschaft Axiologie Kants ist seine Behauptung der humanistischen...

The text is devoted to the influence of Kant’s personality and philosophical ideas on the Russian thought. Kant considered as the great philosopher, who was the bright spokes of German spirit, the creative genius and genius loci of Königsberg, which has been the town of dramatic historical fate. ...

Poems devoted to Kant give different poeticalphilosophical interpretations of both the personality of philosopher and his teaching on God and human being. In his poems about Kant, poet Alexander Kushner demonstrates theological agnosticism, which correlates with Kant’s own theories. In the poem Kant's Mask and the aphorisms Kant Unmasked,...

This article considers the correlation between the historical Christianity and the pure religion of reason, the figure of the biblical Christ of Nazareth and Kant's interpretation of his personality. The author focuses on the question, whether the Biblical Christ, as a real historical person, is the personification of the idea of the absolute good and moral perfection. 1. Кант И. Религия в пределах только разума ...

The major difference between Kant's axiological and cognitive discourse is that the former contains a greater number of persona pronouns that signify different speech roles of the author. This text is characterised by a more direct expression of the addressee factor, which explains the emergence of the speech acts that are absent in Kant's cognitive texts. Another substantial difference is the explicit imperative modality of this type of Kant's texts. 1. Арутюнова Н. Д. Язык и мир человека. М....

... Therefore, it is not discussed within those borders any more. The crucial significance of love based on aesthetic taste to Kantian anthropology evokes some superficial Kantian objections but proves to be justified by the philosophy of the culture of free personality as striving towards the integral self, as it was formulated later in German idealism. 1. Kant, I. 1965, Metafisika nravov (Metaphysics of Morals), in: Kant, Immanuel. Sochineniya v 6 tomach. (Pod obshchey redakciey V. F. Asmusa, A. V. Gulygi,...

... Vladimir Soloviev’s one and shows that there is a similarity in their approaches. Both philosophers point out that the justification of man is possible only in form of the justification of humanity and not as for Berdyaiev in form of the justification of personality. But Gordin uses Soloviev’s concept of all-unity and Berdyaiev’s concept of creativity in order to “improve” Cohen’s conception and to reveal the contribution of a person to the justification of humanity. Stronger as Cohen Gordin ...

... movement in four lines: popularization; biographical research; collection and publication of manuscripts, letters and lecture notes; interpretation and reception of Kant's ideas. A more detailed description is given for the first line — an activity of persons of different occupations, which was more or less popularizing. It began during Kant’s lifetime and concluded with the last echoes of Königsberg culture while the town was no more part of Germany. It was an important part of the whole philosophical ...

This article is the second part of the research concerning the publications of Russian scholars in Kant-Studien, the leading periodical dedicated to Kantian studies and the most important print of International Kant Society. The article describes the history of publications of Russian authors from 1974 to 2008. 1. Асмус В. Ф. Диалектический материализм и логика. Очерк развития диалектического метода в новейшей философии от Канта до Ленина. Киев, 1924. 2. Асмус В. Ф. Диалектика Канта. М., 1929...

... the perceiving subject’ and that time (in a purely metaphysical sense) is possible only as a form of sensory perception of phenomena. At the same time, Trubetskoy argued that, due to the sobornost of consciousness, the subject is not an individual person but the humanity as a community of sentient and intelligent beings. In addressing Platonism, the Kantian tradition, and the philosophy of all-unity, Trubetskoy argued that the purpose of metaphysics was not to search for and formulate the laws ...

... case of Spinoza," as Cohen let himself be called a tough confrontation with Spinoza against Jewish under-standing — about this "case" there are quite a number of studies. Even less in the study will be discussed on the consideration of personal stories. So here it draws attention to the following topics: the nature of thinking and thinking of nature. Conducted by the author analysis allows to understand the main causes of a Cohen’s critical attitude to Spinoza. Spinoza's pantheism,...

... its very essence, time is not only objective and absolute, but also relative in a hermeneutic rather than Einstein’s sense — time is a function of understanding. In this respect, Donelaitis’s and Kant’s temporologies are similar in terms of personal responsibility for time, which both authors associate with the possibility of freedom. The ‘mystery of freedom’ is a means to combat the ‘mystery of inequity’. 1. Vostochnaja Prussia [Eastern Prussia]. 1996, Kaliningrad. 2. Gulyga,...

... and cruelty of revolutions are nothing but the nature's vengeance for social injustice. Prof Kruglov juxtaposes Kant’s notions of political revolution and ‘true reform in ways of thinking’ neglecting the fact that, without a ‘falling off of personal despotism and of avaricious or tyrannical oppression’, it is impossible to achieve a ‘true reform in ways of thinking’ and that cruel political revolutions can liberate the society from such oppression. The paper explains Kant’s positive ...

This paper analyzes receptions of phenomenological and neo-Kantian axiology trends in the interpretation of the concept and status of value in N. N. Alekseev’s philosophy of law. The author identifies the role of Neo-Kantian nomothetic—idiographic division of sciences proposed by the Southwest German school of Neo-Kantianism in interpreting the essence of law within Aleseev’s philosophy. It is shown that Alekseev uses Windelband's distinction between the due and the existing as a convenient methodological...

... knowledge or development it. Philosophy of science proper should be based on Aristotle’s idea of metaphysics revisited in view of metaphysics of self-consciousness and the doctrine of practical reason, freedom, identity, and dignity of a human being as a personality. It should also embrace the idea of world history and universal civil meaning of philosophy. Recognition of relative a priori determination of human knowledge and behaviour in a broad context of empiricism and relativism (development theory) ...

... morality. Such an examination is taking the form of an ethical and legal deduction of matrimony. Kant’s proof of the moral unacceptability of concubinage given in the Lectures is based on the ethical (‘its purpose is merely that one party allows their person to the other for enjoyment’) rather than formal considerations (an allegedly unequal contract). The moral contradiction of mutual objectification and instrumentalisation of free persons in matrimony is on the surface of Kant’s deduction. The ...

... analysis of the neo-Kantian and neo-Leibnizian ideas helps to identify the similarities (criticism and the belief in ‘pure experience’ as the basis of science) and differences between the two concepts (the interpretation of ‘pure experience’ as personal and individual vs the propensity to ‘formalise’ and ‘objectify’ it). It is shown that neo-Leibnizian epistemology seeks ‘pure experience’. However, such experience is not interpreted as ‘bare’ cognition or its mere possibility ...

The legends about dinner parties of Immanuel Kant’s friends have been known since the times of his first biographers and other contemporaries. However, there were other communities of friends in Königsberg. Gathering friends at a dining table for the purpose of intellectual communication became a tradition in Königsberg in the 17th/18th centuries. This tradition created a sub-system of creative communication and leisure bringing together both nobility and aristocracy and ordinary curious citizens...