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....org/browse/kant-philosophy-of-mathematics> ; [Accessed 03 January 2021]. Vaihinger, H., 1921. Kommentar zu Kants Kritik der reinen Vernunft; Band II. Stuttgart, Berlin & Leipzig: Union deutsche Verlagsgesellschaft. Warren, D., 2020. Kant on Mathematics and the Meta­physics of Corporeal Nature: The Role of the Infinitesimal. In: C. J. Posy, O. Rechter, ed. 2020. Kant’s Philosophy of Mathematics; Volume I: The Critical Philosophy and Its Roots. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 66-82. Wilson, K. D., 1975....

... 10. Basel: Schwabe Verlag, pp. 1376-1388. Hinske, N., 1970. Kants Weg zur Transzendentalphilosophie. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer. Kant, I., 1992a. The Employment in Natural Philosophy of Metaphysics Combined with Geometry, of Which Sample I Contains the Physical Monadology. In: I. Kant, 1992. Theoretical philosophy, I755-1770. Translated and edited by D. Walford in collaboration with R. Meerbote. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 47-66. Kant, I., 1992b. The Jäsche Logic. In: I. Kant, 1992. ...

An unrecognised copy (1665) in Kant’s private library of Michael Piccart’s Isagoge (1605), an introduction to the system of Aristotelian philosophy together with Kant’s own remarks on this author (Refl 4160, AA 17, p. 439) can be established as an original source for the Kantian ‘ideosphere’. First, I point out contexts and consequences of Piccart’s Altdorfian Aristotelianism, in contrast to the Königsbergian Aristotelianism (emphasised by Tonelli’s research). To further check the quality of Piccart...

The positions of Christian Wolff and Im­manuel Kant on the possibility of proving the existence of God require some examination. Wolff’s critique of the physical-theological proof and his proposed ways of improving it are here analysed. God is central to Wolff’s philosophical system and the fundamental prerequisite of his theoretical and practical philosophy. Although Wolff insists that the natural law is inherent in human nature and can therefore be comprehended by human reason without turning to...

... 1, T. 2. Memphis: De Gruyter, S. 393-407. Horstmann, R. -P., 1997. Bausteine kritischer Philosophie. Arbeiten zu Kant. Bodenheim bei Mainz: Philo. Kitcher, Ph., 1986. Projecting the Order of Nature. In: R. E. Butts, Hg. 1986. Kant’s Philosophy of Physical Science. Dordrecht: Reidel, pp. 201-235. Kitcher, Ph., 1992. Kant’s Philosophy of Mathematics. In: C. J. Posy, Hg. 1992. Kant’s Philosophy of Mathematics. Modern Essays. Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 109-131. Kitcher, Ph., 1994. The Unity of Science ...

... forces of attraction and repulsion originates in the dissertation On Fire. I identify the provisions in Kant’s early works which he later develops in the Master’s dissertation and establish continuity between the text of On Fire and the so-called Physical Monadology, draw parallels between the ideas enunciated by Kant in his first dissertation and the interpretation of ether in the printed works that followed. Finally, I put forward the hypothesis of the heuristic potential of the On Fire treatise ...

The text of Kant’s first dissertation is a translation from Latin from an academic publication of a collection of Kant’s works: Kant, I. Meditationum quarundam de igne succincta delineatio... In: Königlich Preußischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, ed., 1910. Kants Gesammelte Schriften. 1. Abhandling: Werke. Band I: Vorkritische Schriften I, 1747-1756. Berlin: Georg Reimer, 1910, pp. 369-384. The publication is available at https://korpora.zim.uni-duisburg- essen.de/kant/aa01/ [Accessed 10 March 2019]...

... Idealism: Once More unto the Breach. Kantian Review, 17(2), pp. 191-195. Dyck, C. W., 2011. Turning the Game against the Idealist: Mendelssohn’s Refutation of Idealism and Kant’s Replies. In: R. W. Munk, ed. 2011. Mendelssohn’s Aesthetics and Meta­physics. Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 159-182. Erdmann, B., 1973. Kant’s Kriticismus in der ersten und in der zweiten Auflage der Kritik der reinen Vernunft: Eine historische Untersuchung. Hildesheim: Dr. H. A. Gerstenberg. [Feder, J., Garve, C.], 1782....

... das Frauenzimmer. Mit Anmerkungen und einer Vorrede begleitet von J. G. Krüger. 2. verbesserte und vermehrte Auflage. Halle: Hemmerde. Walch, J. G., 1726. Philosophisches Lexicon, darinnen die in allen Theilen der Philosophie, als Logic, Metaphysic, Physic, Pneumatic, Ethic, natürlichen Theologie und Rechts-Gelehrsamkeit, wie auch Politic fürkommenden Materien und Kunst-Wörter erkläret, und aus der Historie erläutert; die Streitigkeiten der ältern und neuern Philosophen erzehlet, die dahin ...

...,” to another level of the pyramid of ontologies, by changing dualism to pluralism because dualism is too narrow to accommodate all the autonomous components of critical philosophy. Thus spirit and freedom find a new place separate from the sphere of physical nature; the category of adaptation explains how different ontologies can coexist; while the problem of two interpretations of transcendental idealism (two-world vs. two-aspect interpretation) finds a solution through their reconciliation. ...

... appearance allows Kant to solve the semantic problem of the conformity of the representation to the object. In this case, appearance is not an object, but just a designation of the object (KrV, B 235). Thus, appearance cannot be understood ontologically as a physical object or a relation. At the same time, an appearance is not identical to its representation, since the former is an object or content of the latter. Applying G. Frege’s “semantic triangle” to the analysis of Kant’s concept of appearance,...

... first published writing, he has at this stage no adequate notion of space. At this time, as in regard to space, he can neither be called a Newtonian nor a proper Leibnizian and misconceives the necessity of an independent space for the foundations of physics. This perspective changes under the influence of Euler at the end of the fifties of the eighteenth century and finally leads to his writing of 1768 and the adoption of transcendental idealism in 1770. In the following, I depict this asynchronicity ...

... und Kritik. Interpretationen zur „Transzendentalen Dialektik“ der Kritik der reinen Vernunft. Würzburg: Königshausen und Neumann, pp. 59-74. Kitcher, Ph., 1986. Projecting the Order of Nature. In: R. E. Butts, ed. 1986. Kant’s Philosophy of Physical Science. Dordrecht: D. Reidel, pp. 201-235. Klemme, H., 1994. Subjektive und objektive Deduktion. Überlegungen zu Wolfgang Carls Interpretation von Kants ‚Deduktion der reinen Verstandesbegriffe‘ in der Fassung von 1781. In: R. Brandt, W....

... Kant-Interpretation. Horizon. Studies in Phenomenology, 4(2), pp. 154-185. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated and edited by P. Guyer and A. W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2002. Prolegomena to Any Future Meta­physics That Will Be Able to Come Forward as Science. In: Kant, I., 2002. Theoretical Philosophy after 1781. Edited by H. Allison and P. Heath. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 49-169. Katrechko, S. L., 2018. The Nature of Appearance in Kant’s ...

... der Grundsätze der reinen praktischen Vernunft. In: M. Willaschek, J. Stolzenberg, G. Mohr, S. Bacin, eds. 2015. Kant-Lexikon: In 3 Volumes. Volume 1. Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter, pp. 353-354. Timmermann, J., 2007. Kant’s Groundwork of the Meta­physics of Moral. A Commentary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Timmermann, J., 2003. Sittengesetz und Freiheit. Untersuchungen zu Immanuel Kants Theorie des freien Willens. Berlin and New York: De Gruyter. Vasilyev, V. V., 2010. Filosofskaya psikhologiya ...

The brief letter exchange between Hamann and Kant, in which they discussed a physics textbook for children, is the main purpose of this text. It unravels an urgent question about the nature of consciousness and its role in the structure of the physical world. 1. Аристотель. Сочинения: в 4 т. М., 1978. 2....

... pojavitsja kak nauka [Prolegomena to any future metaphysics that may appear as a science] in: Kant, I. Sochinenija v shesti tomah [The works in six volumes], vol. 4/1, Moscow. 10. Karnap R. 1971, Filosofskie osnovaniya fiziki [Philosophical Foundations of Physics]. Moscow, Progress. 11. Karnap R., Hahn H., Neurath O. 2006, Nauchnoe miroponimanie — Venskij kruzhok [Wissenshhaftliche Weltauffassung] in: Zhurnal («Poznanie»). Izbrannoe [Journal “Erkenntnis”. Favorites]. Moscow, рр. 57—74. 12. ...

... of a university library, construction of an observatory, a concert hall, or an open-air theater, etc.). The author cites documents about granting the Cathedral the status of a monument of cultural heritage. The article provides information about the physical condition of the Cathedral and Kant’s tomb in different years, including the materials of various relevant committees. The author describes the conservation, maintenance, and restoration of both objects. The history of the Cathedral and Kant's ...

... Vvedenskovo v istoriko — filosofskom osvyschenii [The logicism of Vvedensky A. I. in historical and philosophical light], P. 299—310, Moscow. 14. Malinov, A. V. 2013, «Psiho-fizicheskii zakon» A. I. Vvedenskovo i ego kritiki ["Psycho — physical law" A. I. Vvedensky and his critics], Neokantianstvo v Rossii: Aleksandr Ivanovich Vvedensky, Ivan Ivanovich Lapshin [Neo-Kantianism in Russia: Alexander Vvedensky, Ivan Lapshin], P. 127—154, Moscow. 15. Radlov, E. L. 1893, Neudachnij ...

... of natural sciences would rule out subjectivism and help to marry the temporality of the phenomenon and the object. For Chicherin, time is both an attribute of the absolute spirit and a scientific and philosophical category that is used in both exact physical calculations and natural-philosophical descriptions. Loyal to classical metaphysical traditions, Trubetskoy placed emphasis on the role of the subject, stressing that ‘there is no object (phenomenon) beyond the perceiving subject’ and that ...

This article analyses the so-called chornosoteriology as viewed by Kristijonas Donelaitis and Kant. Special attention is paid to the differences between the ontological foundations of these soteriologies stemming from differences in the hermeneutic circles. The influence of pietism on the development of the hermeneutic principles is analysed in the works of both authors. An attempt is made at a partial revision of Donetlaitis’s and Kant’s chronosoteriological concepts in the context of modern global...

... in intuition” (see: “to construct a concept means to exhibit a priori the intuition corresponding to it”; [CPR, A 713/В 741], which is “thoroughly grounded on definitions, axioms, and demonstrations” [CPR, A 726/В 754]. Unlike specific ‘physical’ objects, mathematical objects are of abstract nature and they are introduced using Hume’s principle of abstraction. Based on the doctrine of schematism, Kant develops an original theory of abstraction: Kant’s schemes serve as a means to ...

... [Сritique of Judgement], Kant I. Sochinenija v 8 tomah [Works in 8 volumes]. Moscow, 1994. T. 5. 7. Kristeva, J. 2004, Izbrannyje trudy: Razrushenije poetiki [Selected Works: The Destruction of Poetics]. Moscow. 8. Pauli, W. 1975, Fizicheskije ocherki [Physical Essays]. Moscow. 9. Shakespeare, W. 1998, Hamlet. Sobranije sochinenij v 8 tomah [Selected works in 8 volumes]. Moscow, 1998. T. 8. 10. Shiller, F. 1955—1957, Sobranije sochinenij v 7 tomah [Selected works in 7 volumes]. Moscow, 1957. T. 6....

... scientific reason. He identifies to major branches of metaphysics: intellectual metaphysics based on internal experience and dealing with incorporeal entities and the ‘philosophy of the corporeal’ dealing with the things corporealand their properties (physics, mathematics, etc.). Both branches of metaphysics require a common basic science, which would define their status of theoretical sciences. Tetens calls such science ‘transcendental philosophy’, since its notions are transcendental. Having ...

... transcendental paradigm (a special type of philosophical research) differing from both the "objective" metaphysics of Antiquity and the "subjective" metaphysics of Modernity (the metaphysics of an object (transcendent metaphysics; meta—physics) — experience (transcendental metaphysics) — the metaphysics of the subject (immanent metaphysics; meta—psychology)). For this purpose, the author introduces suchnew methodological concepts as “transcendental shift” and “transcendental ...

This article presents a comparative analysis of the “critical programmes” of Joachim Jungius and I. Kant. J. Jungius’s “criticism” is characterised as methodological, whereas that of Kant as reflective. Kant’s “transcendental criticism” is based on transcendental reflection, whereas J. Jungius’s “methodological criticism” requires that critique is grounded in immediate rather than reflective knowledge. Kant is a subjectivist, whereas J. Jungius is an objectivist and realist. For J. Jungius, the basic...

Cassirer’s critique of Russell’s philosophy of mathematics and the Neo-Kantian philosophy of science and mathematics as a whole is of special relevance in the context of modern mathematics and mathematical physics. The fact that the modern standard axiomatic architecture of mathematical theories does not take into account the object-based character of mathematical knowledge, which was stressed after Kant by Cassirer, complicates the application of new mathematical ...

... “to construct a concept means to exhibit a priori the intuition corresponding to it”; [CPR, A713/В 741], which is “thoroughly grounded on definitions, axioms, and demonstrations” [CPR, A726/В 754]. Mathematical objects, unlike specific ‘physical’ objects, are of abstract nature (a-obj¬ects vs. the-objects) and are introduced (defined) within Hume’s principle of abstraction. Based on his doctrine of schematism, Kant develops an original theory of abstraction: Kant’s scheme serve ...

... correlations between the elegies’ blended spaces and the poet’s life perception and life circumstances. The author determines that the poetic image cannot be reduced to the conceptual projection result, its conceptual space being synthesized from the physical, emotional and intellectual experience.

The article analyzes the texts of the English-language periodicals and the works of the English-speaking Indian writers to see how the continuous aspect (Progressive / Continuous aspect) is used with state verbs: physical percep­tion, emotional state and mental activity. Authentic texts of Indian national and regional print media were used as research material: editorial and news materials, interviews, wedding announcements. The analysis of authentic English-language ...

The article focuses on the urgent issue of the lack in the human resources who will be able to deliver counseling service for physically challenged stu­dents studying in the educational institutions of the Kaliningrad Region. For this reason, the professional retraining program “Oligophrenopedagogics” has been designed and implemented in Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University....

... languages to visually impaired students. I consider in the context of learning activities the malfunctions and distortions of non-verbal behaviour mechanisms in blind and visually impaired students. I present my earlier tested strategy for overcoming physical, psychological, and language barriers by learning languages. 1. Вялкина Е. А., Портнов Е. А. Инклюзивное образование как педаго­гическая инновация // Вестник непрерывного ...

... Kononov’s short story ‘Anastasia's Amnesia’ (1999), this article considers the isomorphism between the conceptual field of ‘university’ and the core of the author’s conceptual system. The language game with the names of disciplines — philology, physics, medicine — reduces them to a science of love with a focus on the concepts of ‘ego’ and ‘body’. The article explores the role of intertextual references to A. S. Pushkin’s ‘Eugene Onegin’ and shows that the implicit and explicit ...

... representation as an important constituent of self-portrait in the autobiography “Memoirs” (published 1717) by Mademoiselle de Montpensier. The book contains descriptions of various aspects of the life of the body (appearance, clothes, tears, illnesses, physical suffering), which are analyzed within a broader cultural and philosophical context of the XVII-century, as well as from the point of view of the author’s general intentions. It is demonstrated that body images work towards aggrandizement of ...

... the Council of Europe on the Rights of the Child. The documents are analysed in the light of the mechanism of pedagogical support for children. It is shown that the abovementioned documents, which guarantee the protection of rights, psychological and physical health and development of the child can be considered as the legal basis for the organization and implementation of pedagogical support for children in conflict situations within the systems of education and social welfare. 1. Декларация ...

The article deals with the problem of professionally oriented language training. The authors analyze the methodology of teaching a foreign language to BA students of the Institute of Physical Culture. The authors hold that the professionally oriented project «Guide to the sports facilities of the Kaliningrad region» can significantly improve the quality and efficiency of language training and make it more professionally oriented....

... presents the results of a study into the psychophysiological characteristics of beach volleyball players – a recently introduced Olympic sport. Current research and methodological literature focuses primarily on competitive activities, training, and physical competences. The authors de-scribe the psychological status of a beach volleyball player and present psy-chomotor indicators that can be used as benchmark characteristics in selecting and diagnosing players. For the first time, the psychophysiological ...

This article focuses on motivating students of secondary vocational edu-cation institutions in the field of services to participate in sport both as part of the curriculum and as an extracurricular activity. The author stresses the significance of physical education for the development of psychophysical pre-paredness of a medium-level specialists in the field of services. Analysis of sci-entific literature and a survey of students were used to study the current situation at the College of Entrepreneurship ...

This article considers the features of mathematical education in Russia in the 18th-19th centuries. The focal point is the significance of children’s physical activity for the development of spatial perception and mathematical thinking. The author makes recommendations on the development of motivation in schoolchildren for studying mathematics and the use of interdisciplinary approach to developing ...

This article stresses the need to use a mathematical model of the space of mental images in psychology, medicine, and other sciences. The author identifies the relation between such space and the space-time of physics. The article shows opportunities for structuring the space and introducing different types of metrics within it. 1. Брагина Н. Н., Доброхотова Т. А. Функциональные асимметрии человека.2-е ...

This article describes the content of technological support for the process of developing professional successfulness in engineering students with poor health condition. The author focuses on the technologies of theoretical and practical education and describes self-education mechanisms. 1. Выготский Л. С. Психология развития как феномен культуры. СПб., 1996. 2. Селевко Г. К. Современные образовательные технологии : учеб. пособие.М., 1998. 3. Чернилевский Д. В. Дидактические технологии в высшей...

The article considers the psychophysical state and motivation for attendance at physical training classes of the students of Komsomolsk-on-Amur State Technical University. The author considers aikido as a method of psychophysical quality development, which contributes to the successful academic performance and further professional ...

One of the main factors impeding the professional development of future specialists is various forms of deviant behavior. This article studies the possibility of applying specific and targeted physical effects on the pattern of students’ behavioural risks. 1.  Илькевич Б. Формирование профессиональной мотивации // Вестник высшей школы. 2001. №   8. С. 11—15. 2.  ...