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... arrival and adaptation of compatriots. The authors discuss migration and economic statistics, and propose a forecast for human resources development with and without taking accounting for the migration. The article identifies both the opportunities relating to the implementation of the Federal Repatriation Programme in the Kaliningrad region in view of the current social and economic situation and the risks associated with the first stage of the programme implementation (2007—2013). Possible migration ...

This article analyses population changes in North-West regions of Russia (the former North-Western economic zone and the Kaliningrad region) and the Baltics at the level of urban districts and municipalities. The cohort component method is used to analyze the youth population dynamics in the administrative territorial units of this level, which makes it possible to estimate the international (intraregional) migration of this population group. This method is used quite rarely, yet it is more accurate...

This article analyses the natural population increase (decrease) in the postcommunist part of Baltic Europe (the federated state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, West Pomeranian, Pomeranian, and Warmian-Masurian Voivodeships, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, the Kaliningrad and Leningrad region, and the federal city of Saint Petersburg) in 2002—2011. The study uses standard methods of demographic analysis, the data provided by national statistical services and Eurostat. All regions analysed are characterised...

... reality of spatial objects of different scales. This article aims to test the methods of “demographic rankings” developed by Yermakov and Shmakov. The method is based on the principles of indirect standardisation of the major demographic coefficients relative to the age structure.The article describes the first attempt to apply the method to the analysis of birth and mortality rates in 1995 and 2010 for 140 countries against the global average, and for the Baltic Sea states against the European average....

The article takes stock of the “state of affairs” in contemporary research of geographical demography in the USSR and the RF. The issue, concludes the author, has not received sufficient attention, and the use of geodemographic studies in managing regional development remains limited. This article aims to demonstrate three things: the importance of geodemographic approach in comprehensive regional studies to the needs of regional strategic planning; the key features of geodemographic typology of...

International cluster is a relatively new form of spatial organisation of economy in the globalisation conditions, which has become a frequent phenomenon in European countries, including those of the Baltic region. It requires a comprehensive study of both regional economics and ...

This article analyzes the principles of spatial planning, which form the basis for this type of urban development in the countries of the European Union (EU) and in the Russian Federation. The following principles are considered and compared for both territories: 1) promotion of territorial cohesion through a more balanced social and economic development of regions and improved competitiveness; 2) encouragement of development generated by urban functions and improvement of the relationship between...

... nasledstvo [Kaliningrad region has got contradictory legacy], Komsomol'skaja pravda, 22.01.2014. 7. Riski i formirovanie ustanovok predprijatij po otnosheniju k dolgosrochnoj ustojchivosti regional'no go razvitija [Risks and shaping plants companies in relation to long-term sustainability of regional development], 2013, Materials sociological survey, Kaliningrad, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, November. 8. Proekt gosudarstvennoj programmy Kaliningradskoj oblasti «Modernizacija ekonomiki» ...

A stereotypical understanding of EU-Russia energy relations is often reduced to trade in oil and natural gas, which downplays the importance of energy efficiency cooperation. Such cooperation is promoted within the Energy Charter and its Treaty, Partnership and Cooperation Agreement, Energy Dialogue,...

... http://minenergo.gov.ru/co-operation/russia_ eu/russia_baltia/ (accessed 30.11.2013). 16. Mezhevich, N. M. 2013, The prospects of nuclear power development in the eastern part of the Baltic Sea region as a factor of the formation of international relations system in the region, Baltic Region, no. 2 (16), p. 22–30. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2013-2-3. 17. Strany Baltii razrabatyvajut obshhuju jenergeticheskuju strategiju [Baltic countries are developing a common energy strategy], 2007, Interfax,...

... death of some key members of political elites in a plane crash resulted in a decrease in the network integration indices to the level of 2001—2005. On the whole, the network structure of Polish political elite is characterised by unstable dynamics relating to the crisis events of the past. However, it is established that the elites have a pronounced diaspora core and an unstable periphery; the share of businesspeople directly participating in political processes is decreasing, whereas ‘moral ...

... factual information on socioeconomic development of cross-border regions and surveyed the students from the leading universities of Gdansk, Kaliningrad and Klaipeda. We were thus able to conclude that the reasons behind the delapidated cross-border relations are rather subjective and lie in the field of geopolitical orientation, information and institutional policy, as well as persistent stereotypes that shape public opinion. In this light, integration between the Kaliningrad region and mainland ...

... available at: http://www.doingbusiness.ru/shipbuilding/clusters-business-sectors/shipbuildingcluster/item (accessed 31 May 2013). 7. ECOTEC Research & Consulting and El Konsult 2006, 2006, An exhaustive analysis of employment trends in all sectors related to sea or using sea resources. Country report — Estonia, C3135, August 2006, available at: http://ec.europa.eu/maritimeaffairs/documentation/studies/documents/estonia_employment_trends_en.pdf (accessed 31 May 2013). 8. Filippov, P. Yurkovsky,...

... cooperation as well as the fact that it involves a significant number of independent agents. We believe that one of the important tools of research on network cooperation is regional integral geoinformation systems (GIS). Modern GIS are successfully used in related fields, such as environmental and climate studies, geology, urban studies, and serve as rather efficient tools of analysing spatial objects and phenomena. One of such systems has been developed and is successfully functioning at the Immanuel Kant ...

In light of some new aspects of the EU functioning, particularly, the recovery from the 2008-2009 global crisis, transportation and energy development projects are coming to the forefront in the Baltic region. At the same time, there is a need to consider EU’s recent adoption of a common seven-year financial program (2014—2020), which serves, in effect, as the Union’s budget. Given that, one may conclude that the countries of the Baltic region are entering a new stage of development. We look at the...

... historia vid Stockholms universitet, Stockholm, Stockholms universitet, 311 p. 4. Grishin, I. 2007, Выборы в Швеции: судьбоносный сдвиг? Mirovaja jekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnoshenija [World Economy and International Relations], no. 3, p.54—64. 5. Möller, T. 2007, Strid och samverkan under två hundra år, Stockholm, Studentlitteratur, 328 p. 6. Andersson, J. 2006Between growth and security: Swedish social democracy from a strong society to a third way, Manchester,...

... American Academy of Political and Social Science, no. 617, p. 199—213. 6. Kratochwil, F. 2006, History, action and identity: Revisiting the “second” great debate and assessing its importance for social theory, European Journal of International Relations, Vol. 12, no. 1, p. 5—29. 7. Matonyte, I. 2006, Why the Notion of Social Justice is Quasi-Absent from the Public Discourse in Post-Communist Lithuania, Journal of Baltic Studies, Vol. XXXVII, no. 4, p. 388—411. 8. Matonyte, I. 2009, ...

... employed to identify the impact of the regional approach on the beliefs of political leaders. The author comes to the conclusion that Russia’s policy towards Estonia largely depends on Russia’s policy towards the regions which the Russian elite relate Estonia to — the Baltic States, Northern Europe, and Europe as a whole. The results of the study can further the understanding of Russia’s policy towards Estonia both in Russia and abroad. Lack of understanding sometimes results in sharing ...

... President of the Commission of the European Communities and the heads of the EU member states], 2002, available at: http://www.academygo.ru/Site/RussiaEC/News/ Putin.shtml (accessed 10 March 2013). 8. 2450th Council session, General Affairs and External Relations, 2002, Brussels, 30 September, available at: http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/gena/72321.pdf (accessed 10 January 2013). 9. Sovmestnoe zajavlenie glav gosudarstv Rossii i stran ES na sammite Rossija — ES [Joint ...

This article focuses on the genesis of and correlation between the related concepts of enclave and exclave and the scope of their use in different sciences, fields of knowledge, and everyday speech. The author examines the circumstances of their emergence in the reference and professional literature in the Russian language....

... %82ecznych_-_dotacje_dla_organizacji_pozarz%C4 %85dowych. html (accessed 5 November 2012). 25. Kucherjavaja, Ye. 2007, Razvitie mezhdunarodnyh svjazej v informacionnom sotrudnichestve: zarubezhnyj opyt i rossijskie media-izdanija NKO [Development of international relations in the information cooperation: international experience and Russian media publications NGO], III Vystavka social'nyh uslug i proektov NKO Kaliningradskoj oblasti [III Exhibition of social services and projects of NGOs Kaliningrad], Kaliningrad,...

... energy to Poland, Lithuania, Germany, and Sweden. The author concludes that the prospects of Russia’s energy export to the Baltic Sea region will be determined not only by technological, economic and market factors, but rather by the general state of relations between Russia and the EU. Moreover, a lot depends on Lithuania’s decision on the construction of the Visaginas NPP, as well as the way the EU and the Baltic States solve the problem of energy supply in case the NPP project is terminated. ...

In the context of regional gas infrastructure development this paper considers the issue of energy security of the countries of East Baltic, which depend heavily on a single energy supplier — Russia. In recent years, the countries of the region have announced several LNG terminal construction projects. The European Union will provide political and financial support to only one of these projects. The paper explores the role of gas and energy in the economy of the Eastern Baltic countries. The author...

... — гапоненко- энергетическая/ (accessed 17 January 2013). 7. Aleko, А. 2010, Strategiya Kaliningradskoy oblasti v otnoshenii stroitel’stva Baltiyskoy AES i obyektov infrastructury [The Strategy of the Kalinengrad region in relation to the Construction of the Baltic Nuclear Station and Infrastructure Facilitis], Mezhdunarodnyu forum Atomekspo 2010 [International Forum Atomekspo 2010], available at: http://www.2010/=,atomexpo. ru. material2010.07.06.2010 (accessed 11 January ...

... Northwestern federal district of the Russian Federation], Balt. reg., no. 3(13), p. 87—102. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2012-3-6. 23. Hronologija dvuhstoronnih otnoshenij mezhdu Rossiej i ES. Predstavitel'stvo Evropejskogo Sojuza v Rossii [Chronology of bilateral relations between Russia and the EU. Delegation of the European Union to Russia], available at: http://eeas.europa. eu/delegations/russia/eu_russia/chronology/index_ru.htm (accessed 28 December 2012). 24. Statistics Norway, available at: http://www.ssb....

The processes related to the development of international tourism in Lithuania are of importance for the growth of economic, social, and cultural welfare. The increasing tourist and recreational attractiveness of such cities as Druskininkai, Trakai, Palanga, Vilnius,...

Through a situational approach to strategic management of regional and urban development it is possible to identify the interaction between the managerial process and mechanism; bring together the spatial and activity-related concepts of territorial development; and explain the phenomenon in question from both general and specific perspectives. Territorial development is becoming the principal object of strategic management of a region or city, its key tool being the utilization of its own good practices...

This article examines the development of a new process within Russian-Belarusian-Kazakh integration — interregional transborder cooperation. Network modelling is suggested as a mechanism for its regulation. The authors present a network model of transborder cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Belarus based on the case of the Kaliningrad and Grodno regions. The model is developed on the basis of the well-known and widely accepted PERT. It covers the three main stages of...

... area of responsibility, it is early still to claim that intergovernmental cooperation is more effective than transnational cooperation. However, it gives a reason to question the conclusions of the proponents of transnationalism in the international relations theory, who claim that the latter is more efficient. Practical significance of this paper is in the proposed recommendations for further modernization of international cooperation in the field of trans-boundary water management.  1. Konvencija ...

... of Europa. Ten Years After, Basingstoke, UK, Palgrave Macmillan. 18. Smet, S. 2011, Khodorkovskiy v. Russia: European Court of Human Rights Rules “No Proof of Political Trial”, Strasbourg Observers, 16 June. 19. Titarenko, M. L. 2012, Foreign Relations Balance: Russia Shifts From Declining West To Rising East, China Daily, 6 March. 20. Toynbee, A. 1948, Civilization on Trial, New York, Oxford University Press. 21. Trochev, A. 2009, All Appeals Lead to Strasbourg? Unpacking the Impact of the ...

... analiz [National innovation systems of the Baltic Sea macro-region: a comparative analysis], Issledovaniâ Baltijskogo regiona, no. 1 (9), p. 30—39. 2. Volodkin, А. 2006, Baltic Regionalism Emergence, Journal of International Law and International Relations, no. 2, available at: http://evolutio. info/content/view/1013/176/; http://en. evolutio. info/index. php?option=com_content&task=view &id=83&Itemid=46 (accessed 15 July 2012). 3. Granovsky, Yu. V. and all. 1974, Ispol'zovanie statistiki premij ...

This article is devoted to research and technology agreements in Norway, and their positive impact on the development of relations with foreign oil and gas companies during the period of formation of the Norwegian oil and gas industry. Based on archival documents, the article considers Norway’s experience of conclusion of research and technology agreements for transferring ...

... Moscow, Marketing, 231 p. 24. Suslov, V. I. (ed.), 2008, Tolkovyj slovar' “Innovacionnaja dejatel'nost'”: terminy innovacionnogo menedzhmenta i smezhnyh oblastej (ot A do Ja) [Dictionary "Innovation": The terms of innovation management and related areas (A to Z)], Novosibirsk, Sibirskoe nauchnoe izdatel'stvo, 223 p. 25. Utkin, E. А., 1996, Innovacionnyj menedzhment [Innovation management], Moscow, AKALIS, 207 p. 26. Chugunov, А. V. 2006, Sistema indikatorov i monitoring razvitija informacionnogo ...

... North-western federal district and the Kaliningrad region. The article formulates and justifies the concept of “risk management projects in innovative development of aquaculture in the region” focusing on the classification of aquaculture risks in relation to innovative development projects, which expands the conceptual framework of risk management in view of the specific risks relating to economic development projects in the field of aquaculture. The authors characterize modern methods and approaches ...

... innovacionnogo razvitija [evelopment of the State and the model of innovative development], Informacionnyj portal Moskovskogo gosudarstvennogo instituta mezhdunarodnyh otnoshenij MID Rossii [Information portal of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations of Russia], available at: http://www.mgimo.ru/study/faculty/politcs/ksp/docs/34538/document34545.phtml (accessed 16 April 2012). 12. Serkov, A. F. 2010, Konceptual'nye podhody k prognozirovaniju razvitija sel'skogo hozjajstva [Conceptual approaches ...

... Helix: University-Industry-Government Innovation in Action], translated by A. Uvarov, Tomsk, TUSUR. 6. Dezhina, I. 2011, Osobennosti rossijskoj «trojnoj spirali» otnoshenij mezhdu gosudarstvom, naukoj i biznesom [Features Russian «Tripal Helix» relations between the state, a science and business], Innovations, no. 4, p. 47—55. 7. Pilyasov, A. (ed.). 2012, Sinergija prostranstva: regional'nye innovacionnye sistemy, klastery i peretoki znanija [Space synergy: regional innovative systems, clusters ...

... basis of harmonisation of basic economic interests of their agents. The research significance of the results presented in the article consists in the fact that, for the first time, the problem of economic interest harmonisation has been considered in relation to the agents of small innovative business. The author juxtaposes the major economic interests of these agents and identifies their compatibility and conflict areas. The article offers a mechanism for the development of small innovative businesses,...

... gravitating towards the market type of organisation, the development of mesoeconomic systems is closely connected to competition for innovative rent. The article outlines the methodology for cluster studies, which makes it possible to consider such relatively new to the regional science phenomena as innovative and “transborder” clusters. 1. Gareev, T. R. 2007, «Voshodjawie» modeli regional'nogo razvitija, lokal'nye proizvodstvennye sistemy i razvitie malogo i srednego biznesa [«Rising» ...

... research. The regional approach was applied in order to integrate the features of regional development into the overall picture of world politics. The scientific and practical significance of the article lies in a scientific evaluation of the Soviet-Baltic relations in 1989—1991. This study can help understand the mechanisms of formulation of foreign policy by the USA, Germany, and the USSR, as well as the practice of political interaction between these countries and the Baltic States. The materials and ...

... information on their socio-economic and political features. The article identifies enclave (exclave) problems peculiar to them, including the land access (passenger and cargo transit) of the metropolis to the isolated territory, as well as the issues relating to the origins of state border, border control, visa regime, and political and economic relations to neighbouring states and the mainland. The author reviews cases of evolutional development of enclavity and peaceful and military methods of eliminating ...

This article analyses the reasons behind the restoration of diplomatic relations between Russia and Germany after World War I, as well as the fundamental differences in the performance of Russian imperial and Soviet consular missions in East Prussia. On the basis of the earlier unknown documents from the Central Russian ...

This article discusses the complicated diplomatic relations between Lithuania and Germany in 1938—1939 on the basis of archive documents and historical studies. The author identifies the methods used by the Germans in the Klaipėda region in order to destroy the system established by the Treaty of ...