The Baltic Region

2014 Issue №1(19)

Back to the list Download the article

Major infrastructure projects and the foreign policy of the Baltic states in 2010—2014

DOI
10.5922/2079-8555-2014-1-1
Pages
4-20

Abstract

At the current stage of social development, particular attention is drawn to studies that assess major infrastructure — and thus political — projects aimed at a qualitative breakthrough in the socio-economic development of the countries under investigation. The scheduled multi-billion investments into energy sector are of political rather than economic nature. The projects to develop alternative power grids and high-speed railways can result in large-scale economic downturns diminishing the prospects of balanced social development. The author addresses the classical concepts of the theory of regional economy and new economic geography and their interpretation of the interconnection between political and economic factors. The article aims to demonstrate the inconsistency between political and economic objectives of the development of the Baltics. The study contributes to a broader set of research into the issues of post-Soviet economic and political development. The Baltic States follow their own political and economic ways. The study proves the hypothesis of low efficiency of large infrastructure project and their political motivation. It is concluded that the disregard of the factor of mutually beneficial economic cooperation with Russia destabilizes the development of national economic of the Baltic States. The author believes that modern infrastructure projects in the Baltic Sea region should be integrated into both western and eastern dimensions.

Reference

1. Hartija 12 za poslednij mesjac sobrala v svoju podderzhku vsego 200 podpisej [Charter 12 last month gathered in his support of all 200 signatures], 2012, DELFI, available at: http://rus.delfi.ee/daily/estonia/hartiya-12-za-poslednij-mesyacsobrala-v-svoyu-podderzhku-vsego-200-podpisej.d?id=65469076 (accessed 30.12.2012).
2. Korrumpirovannaja Pribaltika: Brillianty vlasti, samyj dorogoj most v mire i "skuchnaja" Jestonija [Corrupt Baltics: Diamonds authorities, the most expensive bridge in the world and "boring" Estonia], 2011, Regnum, available at: http://www.regnum.ru/news/1406809.html (accessed 20.05.2011).
3. Obzor litovskih gazet, Vil'njus [Overview of Lithuanian newspapers, Vilnius],2013, 30 October, Leta, available at: http://www.leta.lv/rus/news/baltics/1332CD69-70DE-CF33-7799-AC8414939868/ (accessed 22.08.2013).
4. Korrupcija v Litve nepobedima [Corruption in Lithuania invincible], 2008,News.TTS.LT, available at: http://news.tts.lt/?r=bootstrap%2Farticle§ion_id=4&article_id=3166 (accessed 23.12.2008).
5. Leo LT uhodit v proshloe [Leo LT thing of the past], Savaitės ekspresas, 2009,available at: http://www.nedelia.lt/news-lt/14377-leo-lt-uxodit-v-proshloe.html (accessed 04.12.2009).
6. Prezident: Latvija dazhe na svojo predsedatel'stvo v ES tratit vdesjatero bol'she drugih [President: Latvia even its presidency of the EU spends ten times more than any other], 2013, DB.lv, available at: http://rus.db.lv/nachalo/vsenovosti/prezident-latvija-dazhe-na-svoe-predsedatel-stvo-v-es-tratit-vdesjatero-bolshe-
drugih-56091 (accessed 07.11.2013).
7. Goskontrol' obnaruzhil rjad narushenij v rabote Rizhskogo svobodnogo porta [State control has found a number of violations in the Freeport], 2013, BNN-NEWS.RU — Baltic News Network, available at: http://bnn-news.ru/goskontrol-obnaruzhilryad-narusheniy-v-rabote-rizhskogo-svobodnogo-porta-82826 (accessed 18.02.2013).
8. Shulga, I. 2005, Reformirovanie jelektrojenergetiki stran Baltii [Power Industry Reform Baltic countries], Jenergorynok [Energy Market], no. 4, available at:http://www.e-m.ru/archive/articleser.asp?aid=5215 (accessed 07.11.2013).
9. Butkjavichjus udivlen zajavleniem prezidenta Jestonii ob AJeS [Butkevičius surprised by the statement of the President of Estonia NPP], 2013, Delfi, available at:http://ru.delfi.lt/news/politics/butkyavichyus-udivlen-zayavleniem-prezidenta-estoniiob-aes.d?id=60103417 (accessed 11.12.2013).
10. Tarasov, A. V. 2005, Sovremennoe sostojanie i perspektivy razvitija jadernoj jenergetiki v regione Baltijskogo morja [Current state and prospects of development of nuclear power in the Baltic Sea Region], Sbornik tezisov dokladov VIII Mezhdunarodnoj molodezhnoj nauchnoj konferencii Poljarnoe sijanie 2005. Jadernoe budushhee:
bezopasnost', jekonomika i pravo [Abstracts of the VIII International Youth Scientific Conference aurora 2005. Nuclear Future: Security, Economics and Law], available at:  http://www.polar.mephi.ru/ru/conf/2005/1_ekonomika/1_tarasov.html (accessed 11.09.2013).
11. Mahnitko, А. Е., Varfolomeeva, R. V. 2012, Razvitie jenergeticheskogo kompleksa stran Baltii [Development of energy complex of the Baltic States], Proceedings of International Conference Energy of Moldova — 2012. Regional Aspects of Development, October 4-6, 2012, Chisinau.
12. Obshhaja jelektroset' s Rossiej sozdaet naprjazhenie v Pribaltike [Overall grid with Russia creates tension in the Baltic States], 2012, INOTV.RT.COM, available at: http://inotv.rt.com/2012-12-15/Obshhaya-elektroset-s-Rossiej-sozdaet (accessed 02.01.2013).
13. V Kaliningrade ne bylo sboev vo vremja obshhebaltijskogo jenergojeksperimenta [In Kaliningrad, no failure during obschebaltiyskogo energoeksperimenta],2002, BRC Info — Baltijskij Issledovatel'skij Centr [BRC Info — Baltic Research Center], available at: http://www.brcinfo.ru:8081/news/new.php?id=926 (accessed 08.05.2002).
14. Vil'njus obespokoen vozmozhnym otkljucheniem stran Baltii ot ob'edinenija jenergosistem [Vilnius concerned about the possible shutdown of the Baltic states of interconnections], 2012, Balticreporter, available at: http://balticreporter.com/business/energetika-business/05082012-1325 (accessed 03.12.2013).
15. Sovmestnaja rabota jenergosistem Rossii i stran Baltii v sinhronnom rezhime [Teamwork power systems of Russia and the Baltic countries in the synchronous mode], 2013,Ministerstvo jenergetiki Rossijskoj Federacii [Ministry of Energy of the Russian Federation, available at: http://minenergo.gov.ru/co-operation/russia_
eu/russia_baltia/ (accessed 30.11.2013).
16. Mezhevich, N. M. 2013, The prospects of nuclear power development in the eastern part of the Baltic Sea region as a factor of the formation of international relations system in the region, Baltic Region, no. 2 (16), p. 22–30. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2013-2-3.
17. Strany Baltii razrabatyvajut obshhuju jenergeticheskuju strategiju [Baltic countries are developing a common energy strategy], 2007, Interfax, available at: http://www.interfax.by/node/1025969 (accessed 04.01.2007).
18. Special'naja komissija stran Baltii obsudjat proekty novoj AJeS i sinhronizacii [A special commission of the Baltic countries to discuss new nuclear power plant projects and synchronization], 2013, 15min.lt — Žinios gyvai, available at: http://www.15min.lt/ru/article/vesti/spetsialnaja-komissija-stran-baltii-obsudjat-proektynovoj-
aes-i-sinhronizatsii-504-383489#ixzz2k4P1WBmS (accessed 11.08.2013).
19. Gribauskajte ob jenergonezavisimosti: Litve ostalos' proderzhat'sja paru let [Grybauskaitė on energy independence: Lithuania remained to hold a couple of years], 2013, Delfi, available at: http://ru.delfi.lt/news/politics/gribauskajte-ob-energonezavisimosti-litve-ostalos-proderzhatsya-paru-let.d?id=61659973 (accessed 18.06.2013).
20. Visagino atominės elektrinės projektas [Visaginas Nuclear Power Plant Project], 2013, available at: http://www.vae.lt/ (accessed 11.08.2013).
21. Kompanii Litvy i Pol'shi issledujut vozmozhnost' prokladki LitPol Link 2 [Companies of Lithuania and Poland are exploring the possibility of laying LitPol Link 2], 2013, 15min.lt — Žinios gyvai, available at: http://www.15min.lt/ru/article/ekonomika/kompanii-litvy-i-polshi-issledujut-vozmozhnost-prokladki-litpol-link-
2-505-382391#ixzz2k4iDGpjd (accessed 05.11.2013).
22. Jelektrosmychku LitPol Link v Pol'she postroit konsorcium IDS-Bud i Enprom [Electric bow LitPol Link in Poland to build a consortium IDS-Bud and Enprom], 2013, 15min.lt — Žinios gyvai, available at: http://www.15min.lt/ru/article/ekonomika/elektrosmychku-litpol-link-v-polshe-postroit-konsortsium-ids-bud-i-enprom-505-358408 (accessed 02.08.2013).
23. Pod Litpol Link ozhidaetsja poluchenie bolee 200 mln. litov pomoshhi ES [Under Litpol Link is expected to receive more than 200 million litas EU aid], 2013, Delfi, available at: http://ru.delfi.lt/news/economy/pod-litpol-link-ozhidaetsya-poluchenie-bolee-200-mln-litov-pomoschi-es.d?id=62957470 (accessed 04.10.2013).
24. Nachalos' testirovanie morskogo kabelja EstLink 2 [Testing of the sea cable EstLink 2], 2013, Postimees: Värsked uudised Eestist ja välismaalt, available at:http://rus.postimees.ee/2570070/nachalos-testirovanie-morskogo-kabelja-estlink-2 (accessed 22.10.2013).
25. V Jestonii jelektrojenergija dorozhe pochti v dva raza, chem v Finljandii [In Estonia, the more electricity is almost two times higher than in Finland], 2013, Postimees: Värsked uudised Eestist ja välismaalt, available at: http://rus.postimees.ee/1280100/v-jestonii-jelektrojenergija-dorozhe-pochti-v-dva-raza-chemv-
finljandii (accessed 25.06.2013).
26. Pavuk, О. 2013, Pohozhe na demagogiju [Looks like demagogy], 2013, Baltijskij kurs [Baltic Course], available at: http://www.baltkurs.com/russian/arhiv/19/05gazoenergetika.htm (accessed 18.06.2013).
27. Rost nochnoj ceny na jelektrichestvo v Tallinne sostavil 127% [Height night electricity prices in Tallinn was 127%], 2013, dv.ee - jekonomicheskie novosti onlajn [dv.ee — economic news online], available at: http://www.dv.ee/?PublicationId=02fbfc46-071d-46f4-ac86-30fbbb38099e&ref=rss (accessed 18.06.2013).
28. Cena na jelektrojenergiju v Latvii budet rasti, ugrozhaja jekonomike [The price of electricity in Latvia will grow, threatening the economy], 2013,Biznes&Baltija [Business & Baltics], available at: http://www.bb.lv/bb/LV/11529
(accessed 17.12.2012).
29. V svjazi s rasshireniem linejki moshhnosti reaktornyh ustanovok Baltijskoj AJeS vypushhen prikaz [In connection with the extension line power reactor facilities Baltic NPP issued Order], 2012, AtomInfo.Ru, available at: http://www.atominfo.ru/newse/l0431.htm (accessed 15.12.2012).
30. Kubiljus: Pozicija Litvy, kotoraja ne odobrjala stroitel'stvo AJeS v Kaliningrade,opravdala sebja [Kubilius: Lithuania's position, which did not approve the construction of nuclear power plant in Kaliningrad, have paid off], 2013, 15min.lt — Žin ios gyvai, available at: http://www.15min.lt/ru/article/vesti/kubiljus-pozitsija-litvy-kotoraja-
ne-odobrjala-stroitelstvo-aes-v-kaliningrade-opravdala-sebja-504-339198#ixzz2UZOdUfFN (accessed 15.11.2013).
31. Rosatom planiruet konservaciju strojashhejsja Baltijskoj AJeS [Rosatom plans conservation Constructed Baltic NPP], 2013, Vkrizis.ru, available at:http://www.vkrizis.ru/news.php?news=4438&type=rus&rub=energy (accessed 05.06.2013).
32. Zverev, Yu. M. 2010, Competition and cooperation problems in the energy sector of the Baltic region, Baltic Region, no. 1, p. 31-40. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2010-1-5.
33. Zverev, Yu. M. 2013, Electric energy cooperation in the Baltic Sea region and the role of Russia in it, Baltic Region, no. 2 (16), p. 66-77. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2013-2-7.
34. Kratkaja spravka o problemah regiona i Baltijskoj AJeS [Summary of the problems of the region and the Baltic NPP], 2012, PRoAtom.ru, available at: http://www.proatom.ru/modules.php?name=News&file=article&sid=3915&mode=flat&order=1&thold=0 (accessed 17.07.2012).
35. Ocenka krupnyh infrastrukturnyh proektov. Zadachi i reshenija. Razrabotki v ramkah proektov CSR [Evaluation of major infrastructure projects. Problems and solutions. Development projects CSR], 2013, Moscow, p.11.
36. Butkevičius, J. 2005, Razvitie vysokoskorostnyh zheleznyh dorog v mire i ih perspektivy v Litve [Development of high-speed railways in the world and their prospects in Lithuania], Transport and Telecommunication, Vol. 6, no. 4, p. 34.
37. Pol'sha, Litva, Latvija, Jestonija i Finljandija podpisali deklaraciju o Rail Baltica [Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Finland have signed a declaration of Rail Baltica], 2009, Trans-Port, available at: http://www.trans-port.com.ua/index.php?newsid=5340 (accessed 27.10.2009).
38. Prem'er: proekt Rail Baltica 2 – dolgosrochnyj [Premier: Rail Baltica project 2 — the long-term], 2013, 15min.lt — Žinios gyvai, available at: http://www.15min.lt/ru/article/ekonomika/premer-proekt-rail-baltica-2-dolgosrochnyj-505-383526#ixzz2k4faIU9W (accessed 08.11.2013).
39. Jestonskij ministr: Litva ne vypolnjaet soglashenija po Rail Baltica [Estonian Minister of Lithuania does not fulfill the agreement on Rail Baltica], 2013,15min.lt — Žinios gyvai, available at: http://www.15min.lt/ru/article/ekonomika/estonskij-ministr-litva-ne-vypolnjaet-soglashenija-po-rail-baltica-505-382700?cf=vl(accessed 06.11.2013).
40. Salou, M. 2013, Skoryj poezd Rail Baltic v Kaunase sbavit svoj hod [Fast train Rail Baltic Kaunas slowed its move], 15min.lt — Žinios gyvai, available at:http://www.15min.lt/ru/article/vesti/skoryj-poezd-rail-baltic-v-kaunase-sbavit-svojhod-504-380818?cf=vl (accessed 29.10.2013).
41. Kuznetsov, A. V. 2012, Transborder corporate integration in the Baltic Sea Region, Baltic Region, no. 1 (11), p. 11—18. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2012-1-2.
42. Kuznetsov, A. V., Olenchenko, V. A. 2013, Construction of transport and energy networks in the Baltic region as an impetus for regional development, Baltic Region, no. 4 (18), p. 7—22. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2013-4-1.
43. "Staraja Evropa" za schet "Novoj Evropy": bjudzhet ES sokratili vpervye za 56 let ["Old Europe" due to the "New Europe": EU budget cut for the first time in 56 years], 2013, Regnum, available at: http://www.regnum.ru/news/polit/1623294. html#ixzz2nvPnAY7F (accessed 09.02.2013).