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... key factors. The first one is Natorp’s dependency on legacy of Plato, J. Pestalozzi and I. Kant, while second deals with his critic of fundamental grounds of dominant contemporary pedagogical system. The major Natorp’s objection was directed against ... ... — family education, school and stage of free adult self-education. The last stage represents a “lifelong” process and ideally shouldn’t be bounded by any external factors. Natorp expects that developing German system of “folk academies” becomes ...

Immanuel Kant never considered the problems of medicine as a science in his works, however, his critical philosophy became highly influential in the late 18th century as to the issues of medical theory. The German physician and philosopher Johann Benjamin Erhard was first to address the theoretical status of contemporary medicine based on Kant’s ...

... and Normativity in the Critique of Pure Reason. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pippin, R., 2015. Finite and Absolute Idealism. The Transcendental and the Metaphysical Hegel. In: S. Gardner and M. Grist, eds. 2015. The Transcendental Turn. Oxford: ... ... kritische Theorie der Bedeutung. Paderborn: Schöningh. Westphal, K., 2021. Kant’s Transcendental Deduction of the Categories: Critical Re-Examination, Elucidation & Corroboration. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. philosophical proof, metaphilosophy,...

... historical phenomenon. Even Kant’s closest followers did not turn to his interpretation of enlightenment and, indeed, were sharply critical of the phenomenon as a banal and superficial one, opposed to faith. Further transformation of the views on the Enlightenment ... ... Attempt to Force the Reader to Understand. Translated by J. Botterman and W. Rasch. In: E. Behler, ed. 1987. Philosophy of German Idealism. New York: Contimuum, pp. 39-115. Fraenkel, M. and Salomon, G., 1824. Teutona, eine geordnete Auswahl vorzüglicher Gedanken ...

... participants compared these theses with Kant’s philosophical ideas and looked for an answer to the question whether Kant’s critical philosophy should be consigned to the “old” Enlightenment or whether it has real potential for the desired “new ... ... nemetskogo idealisma [4th Kant Summer School: Kant’s Doctrine on War and Peace in the Philosophy of Enlightenment and German Idealism: Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference; Academia Kantiana of the IKBFU]. Kaliningrad: IKBFU Press, pp....

... task of “transforming” the Kantian philosophy into a new metaphysical system proceeding from the foundational principles of critical thinking. As a result, he managed to overcome the abstract concept of the human being characteristic of Neo-Kantians ... ... Dusha cheloveka [The Object of Knowledge. Man’s Soul]. St. Petersburg: Nauka, pp. 37-416. (In Rus.) Frank, S. L., 2006. German Idealism: From Kant to Schopenhauer. Lectures, 1910/1911. In: S. L. Frank, 2006. Saratovskij tekst [Saratov Text]. Saratov: Saratov ...

... Sciences, 37(4), pp. 735-747. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.shpsc.2006.09.007 . Schelling, F. W. J., 1997. System of Transcendental Idealism. Translated by P. Heath with an Introduction by M. Vater. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia. Sechenov, I.... ... Kantian Environmental Ethic. New York & London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. Timothy, W. L., 2020. Anthropocene Alerts: Critical Theory of The Contemporary As Ecocritique. Candor, NY: Telos Press Publishing. Varava, V. V., 2020. Philosophy of Death ...

... expositio, exponibilia, and Shpet, in examining them, demonstrates the consonance of his concept with terminist logic. Proceeding from thirteenth-century logical studies, he proposes his own approach to resolving the contradictions found in Kant’s critical philosophy. Shpet believed that transcendental idealism failed to resolve the problem of the relation between intuition and concept (even though Kantian “schematism” was a search for such resolution). This inherent Kantian problem is for Shpet a take-off point to which he kept returning throughout ...

... Experience. The Journal of Philosophy, 64(20), pp. 633-647. Soboleva, M. E., 2017. Analytical Kantian Studies, Transcendental Idealism and the Thing-in-Itself. Kantian Journal, 36(4), pp. 88-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2017-4-6 (In Rus.) ... ... Kant. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press. Westphal, K. R., 2021. Kant’s Transcendental Deduction of the Categories: Critical Re-Examination, Elucidation and Corroboration. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. Kant, metaphysics of experience,...

... Rus.) Grunebaum, J. O., 2000. Autonomous Ownership. In: P. Vallentyne and H. Steiner, eds. 2000. Left-Libertarianism and Its Critics: The Contemporary Debate. New York: Palgrave, pp. 48-73. Kahn, S. J. M., 2022. Kant and the Duty to Promote One’s Own ... ....1093/acprof:oso/9780195395686.003.0012 Wood, A. W., 2006. Kant’s Practical Philosophy. In: K. Ameriks, ed. 2006. The Cambridge Companion to German Idealism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 57-75. https://doi.org/10.1017/CCOL0521651786.004 Zwolinski, M., 2008. The ...

The perception of Fyodor Dostoevsky as a literary painter of St. Petersburg has become an axiom in literary criticism. However, modern researchers pay attention to the significance of other cities for the writer, which are inextricably ... ... international participation]. Yaroslavl, pp. 199—210 (in Russ.). Kapustina, S. V., 2022. “…Touching the Beauty of the Ideal is in our epics…”: about the interaction of the concepts “Bogatirstvo” (“Heroism”) and “Krasota” (“Beauty”) ...

Some ideas expressed in the collective monograph Universality in Morality (2020), edited by Ruben Apressyan, are here critically examined. The book is based on the results of a large-scale study by professional ethical philosophers devoted to the ... ... An Anthology. Second Edition. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 593-607. Schelling, F. W. J., 2001. System of Transcendental Idealism. Translated by P. Heath, Introduction by M. Vater. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia. Singer, M. G., 1971....

... regulative conditions of experience. With these reflections, Kant places his transcendental philosophy in a long tradition of philosophical thought in which the celestial bodies are the preferred subject. Allison, H. E., 2004. Kant’s Transcendental Idealism. An Interpretation and Defence, Revised edition. New Haven & London: Yale University Press. Anderson, R. L., 2015. The Poverty of Conceptual Truth. Kant’s Analytic/Synthetic Distinction and the Limits of Metaphysics. Oxford: Oxford University ...

... Behind a Screen...”: Alexander Blok and Andrei Bely. In: I. N. Griftsova and N. A. Dmitrieva, 2010. Neokantianstvo nemetskoe i russkoe: mezhdu teoriej poznaniya i kritikoj kul’tury [German and Russian Neo-Kantianism: Between Theory of Knowledge and Criticism of Culture]. Мoscow: Russian Political Encyclopedia (ROSSPEN), pp. 484-499. Krouglov, A. N., 2018. Der Streit der russischen Marxisten um Kants Ethik. Studies in East European Thought, 70, pp. 249-261. Krouglov, A. N., 2020. Discussion about ...

... Katrechko, S. L., 2020. Kantian “Idea [Project] of Transcendental Philosophy”. Transcendental Journal, 1, [online] Available at: < ">https://transcendental.ru/S123456780008967-4-1> ; [Accessed 02 February 2021]. (In Rus.) Lakatos, I., 1968. Criticism and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes. Proceedings of the Aristotelian Society, 69, pp. 149-186. Lakatos, I., 1978a. Falsification and the Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes. In: I. Lakatos, 1978. The Methodology of ...

Among the most peculiar traits of Kant’s critical philosophy is the contention that, while we can know our moral maxims and can thus reflect on our actions from a moral ... ... World, and Art. Metaphysical Topics in Kant and Hegel. Berlin und Boston: De Gruyter, S. 51-77. Emundts, D., 2017. Kant’s Ideal of Self-Knowledge. In: U. Renz, ed. 2017. Self-Knowledge. A History. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 183-198....

... Renewing Philosophy — that James’s essay, “The Will to Believe”, in spite of having received a great deal of hostile criticism, is in “its logic, in fact, precise and impeccable”, James’s thoughts are considered by many contemporary philosophers ... ... 257-298. Royce, J., 1940. Sources of Religious Insight. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons. Royce, J., 1967. Lectures on Modern Idealism. New Haven und London: Yale University Press. Royce, J., 1971. The Conception of Immortality. New York: Greenwood Press....

... readings without appropriately recognising the various other evidences against it. In what follows, I give examples for this criticism. 1. Beck, L. W., 1995. Kants Kritik der praktischen Vernunft. 3. Aufl. München: Wilhelm Fink. 2. Bittner, R., 1986.... ... In: F. Rush, J. Stolzenberg, hg. 2013. Internationales Jahrbuch des Deutschen Idealismus / International Yearbook of German Idealism 2011, vol. 9. Berlin & Boston: De Gruyter, S. 79-99. 13. Porcheddu, R., 2016a. Der Begriff des Zwecks an sich selbst ...

... Rationalität und Emotionalität in Kants Moralphilosophie. In: M. Egger, hg. 2014. Philosophie nach Kant. Neue Wege zum Verständnis von Kants Transzendental- und Moralphilosophie. Berlin und Boston: De Gruyter, S. 223-250. Palmquist, S. R., 2000. Kant’s Critical Religion. Aldershot and Burlington: Ashgate. Prel, C. du, 1888. Kant als Mystiker. Sphinx. Monatsschrift für die geschichtliche und experimentale Begründung der übersinn­lichen Weltanschauung auf monistischer Grundlage. III. Jahrgang, hg....

... that this position is essentially incapable of delivering a pure and higher moral doctrine. I examine the substance of these critical arguments in the context of his later metaphysics. Fichte maintains that in the “second type” of worldview man himself ... ... In: J. Stolzenberg, F. Rush, eds. 2013. Internationales Jahrbuch des Deutschen Idealismus / International Yearbook of German Idealism 2011. Volume 9: Freiheit / Freedom. Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter, pp. 150-168. Metzger, W., 1912. Untersuchungen zur Sitten- ...

... unconditioned good, and non-self-regarding love for humanity. A synthetic union of the above gives the conceptual key to the critical philosophy of love, which was never fully articulated in Kant’s lectures or published works. Moral love and legal awareness ... ... the philosophy of the culture of free personality as striving towards the integral self, as it was formulated later in German idealism. 1. Kant, I. 1965, Metafisika nravov (Metaphysics of Morals), in: Kant, Immanuel. Sochineniya v 6 tomach. (Pod obshchey ...

The article broaches the issue of Kant’s claim of the enlightenment of the philosophizing subject by tracing his criticism of philosophical enthusiasm (“Schwärmerei”). For Kant intellectual intuition (“intellektuelle Anschauung”) serves in case of philosophical enthusiasm as a reason for the justification of philosophical knowledge. This determination is ...

This study is dedicated to the ideas, expressed in manuscript R 3706, where Kant criticizes traditional refutation of ontological argument, which is based on distinction of “ideal” and “real” judgments. The relation of this criticism to Kant’s argumentation in “Nova dilucidatio” and the preceding polemic over ontological argument is analyzed. 1. Декарт Р. Размышления о первой философии // Декарт Р. Соч. : в 2 т. М....

... 2000. 8. Кассирер Э. Жизнь и учение Канта. СПб., 1997. 9. Allison H. E. Kant’s Transcendental Idealism. An Interpretation and Defence. New Haven; London, 1983. 10. Gerhardt V., Kaulbach F. Kant. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche ... ... der reinen Vernunft”. B.; N. Y., 1983. 12. Howell R. Kant’s Transcendental Deduction: An Analysis of Main Themes in His Critical Philosophy. Dordrecht; Boston; London, 1992. 13. Jansohn H. Kants Lehre von der Subjektivität. Bonn, 1969. 14. Rohs ...

... Izbrannije raboti [Selected works], Moskow, p. 119—145. 7. Poma A. 2012, Kriticheskaja filosofija Germana Kogena [The critical philosophy of Her-mann Cohen], Per. s it. O. A. Popova, Moscow. 8. Savalskiji V. A. 1909, Osnovi filosofii prava ... ... nauchnom idealizme. Marburgskaja škola filosofii. Kogen, Natorp, Shtamler i dr. [Basis of philosophy of right in scientifically idealism. Marburger school of philosophy. Cohen, Natorp, Stammler et al.]. Moskow. Т. 1. 9. Adelmann D. “Reinige dein Denken”....

... turn] // Studia Filozoficzne [Philosophical Studies]. № 4, p. 161—164. 67. Losski M. 2000, Idealizm transcendentalno-logiczny w Rosji i jego krytyka. Wlodzimierz Ern (1. Przedstawiciele idealizmu transcendentalno-logicznego) [Transcendental logical idealism in Russia and its criticism. Vladimir Ern (1. Representatives of transcendental- logical idealism)] // Losski M. Historia filozofii rosyjskiej. Pier. H. Paprockiego [Lossky M. The history of Russian philosophy. Trans. H. Paprocki]. Kety, p. 357—365. 68. Marburg versus ...

... Skepsis im Denken E. Husserls. Phaenomenologica 38, Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 197 s. 2. Allison, H. 1983, Kant’s Transcendental Idealism. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 537 p. 3. Carr, D. 1997, „Krisis“ Husserla i Problema Istorii. [Husserl’s ... ... Investigation], № 3, St. Petersburg: St Petersburg State University, P. 214—241. 4. Carr, D. 1987, Interpreting Husserl. Critical and Comparative Studies. In: Phaenomenologica, 106, Dordrecht, Lancaster: Martinus Nijhoff, 303 p. 5. Carr, D. 1974, ...

This article considers manuscript fragment R 3706, in which Kant criticises the traditional objection to the ontological argument based on ideal-real judgement distinction. The author analyses the relation this criticism to Kant’s argumentation in Nova dilucidatio and the earlier polemic on the ontological argument. 1. Декарт Р. Размышления о первой философии // Декарт Р. Соч. : в 2 т. М.,1994. Т. 2. С. 3—417....

... analyses the critique of Schopenhauer given in A. A. Fet’s letters. Three aspects are criticised: firstly, A. Schopenhauer’s idealism, secondly, agnosticism, and, thirdly, inconsistency, contradictions in the philosopher’s reasoning. A special section ... ... philosophy. It is demonstrated that, although A. Schopenhauer finds mistakes in Kant’s works, A. A. Fet does not accept this criticism and criticises Schopenhauer from the perspective of critical philosophy. The author makes a conclusion that A. A. Fet ...

... main target of his critique is ‘popular philosophy’, which appeals to common understanding; he seeks to defend it from the criticism of systemic knowledge in general and metaphysics in particular. In the argument between the advocates of the Leibniz-Wolff ... ... supremacyof scientific reason. In this relation, he is an advocate of the Leibniz and Wolff’s philosophy oriented towards the ideal of scientific reason. He identifies to major branches of metaphysics: intellectual metaphysics based on internal experience ...

... tradition. The article focuses on the thinker’s contribution to the philosophy of the Marburg School and the justification of idealism. Philosophical aesthetics serves as a science and a link between the laws of nature and the moral world. The Neo-Kantian ... ... the field of the individual, inimitable, and singular manifestation of thecreative spirit. He sees the completion of Kant’s critical philosophy in the psychological bases of subjectivity of consciousness aimed at understanding the patterns of the scientific,...

... development of Kantian approach in solving the problem of moral philosophy. The essence of morals is revealed not in the creation of ideal projects but rather in the need for action: the moral law must be implemented in the outside world. The theory of standards ... ... only as an individual experience of a person, social requirements become moral only through a self-determined person. Being critical and formal, the moral principle does not eliminate the possibility of a combination with certain temporary goals. The ...

... game played in the field of his teacher and opponent, the Russian Kantian A. I. Vvedensky; moreover, he proved the inconsistency of Vvedensky’s interpretation of transcendental philosophy. It is shown that the experience of translating CPR and the critical analysis of Kant’s epistemology helped Lossky to overcome the complications that emerged in the history of philosophy and develop his own complete and organic worldview. Moreover, there arose an objective need for a new CPR translation, since ...

... fundamentally misunderstands Kant. This defense is based on that the most important element of Kant’s philosophical legacy is the critical attitude (or ethos) rather than a specific concept (for instance, the categorical imperative). This article identifies ... ... person based on fundamental ideas originating from different sources (political culture in Rawls’s works and transcendental idealism in Kant’s); the understanding of rational faith. 1. Кант И. Основы метафизики нравственности....

This article is dedicated to the ideas, expressed in manuscript R 3706, where Kant criticizes traditional refutation of ontological argument, which is based on distinction of “ideal” and “real” judgments. The relation of this criticism to Kant’s argumentation in “Nova dilucidatio” and the preceding polemic over ontological argument is analyzed. 1. Descartes R. Razmyshlenija o pervoj filosofii // Descartes R. Sochinenija : v 2 t. М., 1994. Т. 2. S. 3—417. 2. Yermolaev ...

... Tikhomirov. Reasoning in the framework of Russian philosophical organicism, each philosopher insists on his own approach to analysing social phenomena. It is shown that Leontyev, in line with naturalistic aestheticism, sharply criticises the philistine ideal triumphing through the implementation of the liberal interpretation of freedom. Tikhomirov, under the influence of political philosophical realism, focuses on analysing the theory and practice of the liberal democratic mechanism. The author pays ...