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This article focuses on the analysis of the problem of evil in Kant’s works. The author attempts at reconstructing the key stages of Kant’s logic of ethics and,... ... criticism of the anthropology-focused study of the sources of good and evil in the work Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. The author sees the key to understanding Kant’s approach to the problem of evil in the differentiation of the levels ...

... nor logical aliens. The concept of logical penalists allows us to illustrate the idea that disputes are possible due not to the differences in opinions among humans, but to the variety of ways to justify them. Bentem, J. van., 2011. Logic and reasoning: how much do facts matter? Voprosy Filosofii [Problems of Philosophy], 12, pp. 67—84 (in Russ.). Boghossian, P. and Williamson, T., 2003. Blind Reasoning. Proceedings of the Aris­totelian Society , 77 (1), pp. 225—248. Byrne, R. M., 1989. Suppressing valid inferences with conditionals. Cognition , ...

This paper deals with the “Table of the Categories of Freedom” in the second main chapter of Kant’s Critique of Practical Reason. It provides an account of the role these categories are supposed to play and also of their conceptual content. The key ... ... from the functions of thinking underlying each category. Furthermore, Kant justifies by means of a transcendental deduction the fact that the categories of freedom necessarily relate to all objects of the will. I argue that the categories are concepts constitutive ...

... York: Cambridge University Press. Spinoza, B., 2007b. A Political Treatise. In: B. Spinoza, 2007. A Theologico-Political Treatise, and A Political Treatise. Translated by B. R. H. Elwes. New York: Cosimo, pp. 279-389. Ware, O., 2014. Rethinking Kant’s Fact of Reason. Philosophers Imprint, 14(32), pp. 1-21. Wood, A., 1999. Kant’s Ethical Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Yovel, Y., 1998. Kant’s Practical Reason as Will: Interest, Recognition, Judgment and Choice. The Review of Metaphysics,...

... 2011. Freedom and Anthropology in Kant's Moral Philosophy. Cambridge University Press.9. Guyer, P., 2000. Kant on Freedom, Law, and Happiness. Cambridge University Press.10. Henrich, D., 1994. The Concept of Moral Insight and Kant’s Doctrine of the Fact of Reason. In: Velkley, R. ed., 1994. The Unity of Reason: Essays on Kant’s Philosophy. Cam¬bridge, MA: Harvard University Press.11. Hobbes, T., 1994. Leviathan. Ed. by E. Curley. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing Company.12. Hume, D., 2000. A Treatise ...

... background as well as the philo­sophical and theological contexts of Wilmans’ dissertation. Furthermore, the focus of my study is directed towards Kant’s essay On a Newly Arisen Superior Tone in Philosophy. I show that the central Kantian theorem of the fact of reason con­verges with his doctrine of respect to the moral law as intelligible feeling. This rapprochement allows the latter to play an argumentative role that, by serving as ratio cognoscendi of freedom, is also of epistemic value. Kant’s practical ...

In 1904, the last January issue of the newspaper “Moskoskiye vedomosti” carried an article by Alexey I. Vvedensky,... ... this date, the article merits attention because of the way it represents Kant, and the fact that it sheds light on Vvedensky’s attitudes toward Kantian philosophy. Alexey... ... Alfred Fouillée (Translation from French by D. Vvedensky). Vera i razum [Faith and Reason], 1, pp. 36-48. (In Rus.) (2nd pagin.). (In Rus.) Fouillée, A., 1904b. Nietzsche’s...

In the 18th century, a philosophical dispute over the Principle of sufficient reason arose in Germany. Despite the fact that this Principe was explicitly formulated by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz only at the end of the 17th century, a major dispute about it was triggered by Christian Wolff who had considerable influence on the German philosophy of Enlightenment. In ...

The positions of Christian Wolff and Im­manuel Kant on the possibility of proving the existence of ... ... natural law is inherent in human nature and can therefore be comprehended by human reason without turning to divine revelation, in reality God is the creator of this natural... ... moral/natural law as universal and obligating regardless of a person’s faith in God, in fact faith in God turned out to be an inevitable consequence of the true moral attitude...

... Justinus Gebauer. 9. O’Neil, O., 1989. Reason and Autonomy in Grundlegung II. In: O. Höffe, hg. 1989. Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten. Ein kooperativer Kommentar. Frankfurt a. M.: Klostermann, S. 282-298. 10. O’Neil, O., 2002. Autonomy and the Fact of Reason in the Kritik der praktischen Vernunft. Ch. 30-41. In: O. Höffe, hg. 2002. Immanuel Kant, Kritik der praktischen Vernunft. Berlin: De Gruyter, S. 81-97. (Klassiker Auslegen, 26). 11. Paton, H. J., 1962. Der kategorische Imperativ. Eine Untersuchung ...

On the eve of the tercentenary of Kant’s birth, just as it was a hundred years ago, Kantianism ... ... property. In theory, Kant grounds the view that humanity should resign itself to the fact of its perspective being limited and local. Kantian practical philosophy provides... ... to Modern Nihilism. San Francisco: Harper San Francisco. Eze, E., 1997. The Color of Reason: The Idea of ‘Race’ in Kant’s Anthropology. In: E.C. Eze, ed. 1997. Postcolonial...

... Inquiry, 51(1), pp. 85-104. Sticker, M., 2017. Experiments in Ethics? Kant on Chemistry, Means of Education and Methods of Practical Philosophy. Idealistic Studies, 46(1), pp. 41-63. Sticker, M., 2020. Kant, Eudaimonism, Act-Consequentialism and the Fact of Reason. Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie, 102(2), pp. 209-241. Sticker, M., 2021a. Rationalizing (Vernünfteln). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Sticker, M., 2021b. Kant, Moral Overdemandingness and Self-Scrutiny. NOUS, 25(2), pp. 293-316....

Kant’s theory of enthusiasm has received relatively little attention in Kant studies. This is surprising in view of the fact that Kant was preoccupied with the theme of enthusiasm throughout his life. One of the reasons may be that for Kant enthusiasm is an affect. Therefore, it cannot be used to justify ethics. On closer examination, however, a more differentiated picture emerges. In addition to pathological enthusiasm, Kant recognises an aesthetically sublime ...

The key thesis of natural teleology is that the products of nature should be judged by the goal of ... ... existence of purpose of the products of nature is replaced by the attention to the fact that what exists in nature is not sufficiently purposive. The change of perspective... ... consider the organism to be purposive. Second, the founder of Russian cosmism understands reason as the instrument that is capable of ridding nature of destructiveness. Thirdly...

My aim is to prove that Hermann Cohen was not only a philosopher of dialogue but has played an exceedingly important role in the history of that current of thought. His books Ethics of Pure Will (1904) and Religion of Reason out of the Sources of Judaism (1919) offer a detailed analysis of the relationships between I and Thou, I and It, I and ... ... realisation of inter-personal relationship. Thus, dialogism became an important dimension of Cohen’s entire philosophical system, a fact noted by Martin Buber. Franz Rosenzweig, in unfolding dialogical thinking, expressly appeals to all the elements of Cohen’s ...

This study aims, first, to delimit the seemingly synonymous concepts of “phenomenon” and “appearance” and second, to trace the functions of each ... ... phenomenological tradition. The analy­sis is based on Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and the central works of Edmund Husserl and Eugen Fink. Kant does not explicitly... ... philosophy, Kant and Husserl. According to Fink, appearing is the foundation of the fact that what exists is and that appearing is being. Fink takes a different approach...

I proceed from the hypothesis that the difficulties in Kant’s presentation of his plan and, accordingly, the implicit reason for the critical attitude to this plan on the part of many contemporary philosophers stem from the fact that he had no theoretical link at his disposal which would offer a more solid scientific grounding for his entire system. I believe that Darwinism is such a link which bolsters the central but ungrounded thesis of the Critique of Pure Reason on ...

On the basis of Kant's texts, the author attempts to prove that two and three-element logical-semantic structures — called the judgements of understanding and reason by Kant — represent logically organized complexes of propositions grouping around the structural core of both types of inferences and are communicative forms of textual material "packaging" and, thus, are forms of textuality in I. ...

Based on documents of the State Archive of the Kaliningrad region that were not previously used for scientific purposes, this article attempts to examine the specific Soviet social phenomenon of factory pilfers and identify the reasons behind its development, as well as its extents at factory No. 820 (today, the Yantar factory). The author presents the facts of petty thefts at the factory and analyses corresponding punishments and the management’s attitude towards pilfers. 1. Беляков В. А., Скрябин М. Е. Не уходить от острых вопросов // И снова — «несуны»… ...

The article examines the intangible factors of U.S. influence in Latin American and Caribbean countries and the U.S. ability to utilize them in the context of the entertainment ... ... обращения: 06.06.2023). 39. Tierney P. Call of Duty: Modern Warfare attributes American War Crime To Russia For Some Reason. URL: https://www.thegamer.com/call-of-duty-modern-warfare-american-war-crime-russia-blame/ (дата обращения: ...

Based on documents of the State Archive of the Kaliningrad region that were not previously used for scientific purposes, this article attempts to examine the specific Soviet social phenomenon of factory pilfers and identify the reasons behind its development, as well as its extents at factory No. 820 (today, the Yantar factory). The author presents the facts of petty thefts at the factory and analyses corresponding punishments and the management’s attitude towards pilfers. 1. Беляков В. А., Скрябин М. Е. Не уходить от острых вопросов // И снова — «несуны»… ...

The authors of the idea of a “new Enlightenment”, Ernst von Weizsäcker and Anders Wijkman, in their 2018 report to the Club of Rome analyse ... ... Metaphysics of Morals. Translated by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 1998b. The Critique of Pure Reason. Translated by P. Guyer and A. W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2007. Idea for a Universal History ...

Russian philosophy is “a sphere of conversation” in which thought is “divined”. It is a realm of search for “universal ... ... Dostoyevsky. Reflecting on “the logic of imagination” Golosovker draws attention to the fact that the concrete-metaphysical method of seeing the world is not identical to the... ... Reflection on the Novel The Brothers Karamazov and Kant’s Treatise Critique of Pure Reason]. Moscow: Nauka. (In Rus.) Golosovker, Ya. E., 2010. Imaginative absolute. In:...

... social research demonstrates, the life world is increasingly impacted by a corrosion of social bonds and aggressive habits expressed, for instance, in hate speech in the... ... realized (by human organization) except in the form of a church”. In view of the fact that, today, in many parts of the world significant segments of the population... ... Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 37-108. Kant, I., 1996c. Critique of Practical Reason. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Translated and edited by M. Gregor...

... supersensible developed by Kant in his three Critiques, exemplified by his analysis of the aesthetic and reflective judgment in his third Critique, with their principle... ... “negative theology” of the highest principle and the supersensible as a whole. The reasons are rooted in the character of propositional thought, which can only circumscribe... ... “practico-dogmatic” account of the postulates of God and immortality of the soul, based on the “fact of freedom” and its connection to the moral imperative, ensure the possibility...

... Press. Garrett, A., 2017. Self-Knowledge and Self-Deception in Modern Moral Philosophy. In: U. Renz, ed. 2017. Self-Knowledge. A History. Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 164-182. Kain, P., 2010. Practical Cognition, Intuition, and the Fact of Reason. In: B. Lipscomb and J. Krueger, eds. 2010. Kant’s Moral Metaphysics: God, Freedom, and Immortality. Berlin & Boston: De Gruyter, pp. 211-230. Khurana, Th., 2019. ‘I Do not Cognize Myself through Being Conscious of Myself as Thinking’: Self-Knowledge ...

The article presents a comparative analysis of the translation of basic epistemological terms and attempts to analyse cognitive factors underlying the construction of meaning ... ... Metaphysik der Sitten. Metaphysische Anfangsgründe der Naturwissenschaften. Berlin, Boston. Kant, I, I998. The critique of pure reason. Translated by P. D. Guyer and A. W. Wood Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 1838. Critique of pure reason....

Kant was never satisfied with the version of his “Refutation” published in 1787 (KrV, B 275-279). His dissatisfaction is already ... ... added to the preface of the second edition of the Critique in 1787. As a matter of fact, Kant continued to rework his argument for at least six years after 1787. The main... .... Rauscher. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated by P. Guyer and A. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Langton...

Numerous passages in the context of Kant’s philosophy of religion show without doubt his acquaintance with Lessing. But apart from the obvious affinity and agreement ... ... overlooked; the frequently diagnosed closeness and widely suspected “harmony” between the two is probably also the primary reason why important factual differences and controversial aspects have so far usually been neglected or ignored in research, ...

In analysing Pitirm Sorokin’s The Sociology of Revolution, future so­ciologists and political scientists assimilate revolutionary processes in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century and try to establish reasons and factors behind social shocks. Students seek to juxtapose the consideration of evolu­tionary changes with cardinal changes in the life of society and to register the existence of manipulated and spontaneous processes. In their essays, students ...