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... efficiency of spatial planning is rather low. The authors find it necessary to adopt EU practices of urban planning in view of the Russian spatial potential. 1. Vladimirov, V. V., Naimark, N. I. 2002, Problemy razvitija teorii rasselenija v Rossii [Problems of development of the theory of settlement in Russia], Moscow, 110 p. 2. Glazychev, V. L. 2008, Urbanistika [Urbanistics], Moscow. 3. Vladimirov, V. V., Naimark, N. I., Subbotin, G. V. et al. (eds.), 1986, Rajonnaja planirovka [Regional planning],...

... Powers and Economic Capacity: Nordic Experiences from Åland, Faroes and Greenland, Island Studies Journal, Vol. 4, no. 2, p. 139—162. 9. Karlsson, T. 1999, A tax paradise in the making? Alcohol regulations in the Aland islands, Contemporary drug problems, Vol. 26, no. 1, p. 3—30. 10. Baldacchino, G., Pleijel, C. 2010, European Islands, Development and the Cohesion Policy: A Case Study of Kökar, Åland Islands, Island Studies Journal, p. 89—110. 11. Alandskie ostrova — kljuchi ot Baltiki ...

... facilitated through federal support and implementation of a number of regional programmes. 1. Gareev, T. R., Zhdanov, V. P., Fedorov, G. M. 2005, Novaja ekonomika Kaliningradskoj oblasti [The new economy of the Kaliningrad region], Voprosy ekonomiki [Problems of Economics], no. 2, p. 23—39. 2. Gareev, T. R., Fedorov, G. M. 2005, Pljusy i minusy rezhima Osoboj ekonomicheskoj zony [Pros and cons of the Special Economic Zone], Kosmopolis, no. 13(3), p. 82—89. 3. Gosudarstvennaja programma Rossijskoj ...

... opportunities for cooperation between the Baltics in the field of innovations, Baltic Region,no. 3 (9), p. 88—97. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2011-3-9. 9. Vardomsky, L. B. 2000, Prigranichnyj pojas Rossii: problemy i tendencii razvitija [Border zone of Russia: problems and trends], Rossija i sovremennyj mir [Russia and the modern world], no. 2, p. 54—64. 10. Makarychev, A. 2005, Pskov at the Crossroads of Russia’s Trans-Border Relations with Estonia and Latvia: Between Provinciality and Marginality, Europe— ...

... strojashhejsja Baltijskoj AJeS [Rosatom plans conservation Constructed Baltic NPP], 2013, Vkrizis.ru, available at:http://www.vkrizis.ru/news.php?news=4438&type=rus&rub=energy (accessed 05.06.2013). 32. Zverev, Yu. M. 2010, Competition and cooperation problems in the energy sector of the Baltic region, Baltic Region, no. 1, p. 31-40. doi: 10.5922/2079-8555-2010-1-5. 33. Zverev, Yu. M. 2013, Electric energy cooperation in the Baltic Sea region and the role of Russia in it, Baltic Region, no. 2 (16),...

... factor — which became especially important in the Baltics after independence — relegated to the periphery of political life. After a period of ‘independence-induced euphoria’ faded, Lithuanian, Latvian, and Estonian power groups had to tackle the problem of civil society formation and the development of a political regime based on democratic procedures. In these countries the processes of elite recruitment were largely affected by the factor of ethic homogeneity of the social structure. This article ...

... nestabil'nosti v Pol'she [Sources of political stability and instability in Poland], Sociologicheskie issledovanija [Sociological Studies], no. 6. 8. Tarasov, I. N. 2000, Problema dinamiki processa posttotalitarnogo razvitija stran Vostochnoj Evropy [The problem of the dynamics of the process of posttotalitarian countries of Eastern Europe], Social'no-jekonomicheskoe razvitie Rossii. Problemy, poiski, reshenija [Socio-economic development of Russia. Problems, finding solutions], Saratov, p. 51—53. ...

... available at: http://expert.ru/northwest/2013/28/biznes-eksklava-poluchaet-evropejskuyu-propisku/ (accessed 12 August 2013). 10. Biznes-ombudsmen o «probleme-2016»: nikto ot pravitel'stva oblasti nichego ne zhdjot [Business Ombudsman about the "2016 problem": one of the region's government expects nothing], 2013, Novyj Kaliningrad [New Kaliningrad], available at: http://www.newkaliningrad.ru/news/economy/2770914-biznesombudsmen-o-probleme 2016-nikto-ot-pravitelstva-oblasti-nichego-ne-zhdyet....

..., M. A. 2011, Morskie portovo-promyshlennye kompleksy kak kljuchevye elementy subektov primorskih territorial'nyh uzlov [Marine port industrial complexes as key economic subjects of the seaside territorial junctures], Problemy sovremennoj ekonomiki [Problems of Modern Economics], no. 4, p. 291—294, available at: http://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/morskie-portovo-promyshlennye-kompleksy-kak-klyuchevye-ekonomicheskie-subekty-primorskih-territorialnyh-uzlov (accessed 12 September 2013). 10. Dangermond,...

... "small" integration], Sovremennaja Evropa [Modern Europe], no. 2, p. 48—59. 3. Kuznetsova, O. V. 2013, Piramida faktorov social'no-jekonomicheskogo razvitija regionov [Pyramid factors of socio-economic development of regions], Voprosy Economiki [Problems of Economics], no 2, p. 121—131. 4. Kuznetsov, A. V. (eds.), 2009, Regional'naja politika stran ES [The regional policy of the EU], Moscow, IMEMO RAS. 5. Smorodinskaya, N. V. 2013, Baltijskij makroregion v strategii razvitija evropejskoj ...

... bilateral relations. The consulate documents indicate that Soviet diplomacy aspired to exploit the differences between Poland and Germany over a wide range of issues (the geopolitical situation of East Prussia, the position of national minorities, the problem of transit through the Polish corridor, the status of the Free city of Danzig, etc.). Soviet consuls carefully observed political life in Königsberg and the province. On the one hand, they paid attention to an increase in the nationalist and ...

... Libman, А. 2006, Rol' jekonomicheskoj integracii i dezintegracii na postsovetskom prostranstve: kolichestvennyj analiz [The role of economic integration and disintegration of the former Soviet Union: a quantitative analysis], Problemy prognozirovanija [Problems of Forecasting], no. 5, p. 58—73. 12. Sala-i Martin. X. 1996, Regional Cohesion: Evidence and Theories of Regional Growth and Convergence, European Economic Review, Vol. 40, no. 6, June, p. 1325—1352. 13. Sala-i-Martin, X. 1996, The Classical ...

This article deals with the issues pertinent to the EU — Russia visa dialogue — one of the major areas of cooperation between the two partners. The article aims to identify the main problems of this dialogue, as well as prospects for the introduction of a visa-free regime between the EU and Russia. The authors provide a historical overview of cooperation in this area and consider problems and prospects of visa liberalization from ...

... emphasised that cooperation in the electric energy sector is concentrated largely in the EU member states despite earlier plans to establish the Baltic energy ring, which would also include Russia and Belarus. The author stresses that one of the most acute problems for the EU today is overcoming isolation of the energy systems of the Baltic States (Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia) from that of the major part of the EU. This task has become especially relevant after the closing of the Ignalina NPP (Lithuania),...

Integration is one of the main consequences of globalization. Elements of microsystems are growing closer, which brings to the foreground problems of interaction and — in a longer perspective — those of close cooperation between different social systems. The article considers the case of North-West Russia, the only territory having a common border with the EU, in order to examine the ...

... territorial'nogo razvitija [States and regions. The theory and practice of state regulation of territorial development], Moscow. 6. Lexin, V., Shevtsov, V. 1993, Regional'naja politika Rossii: koncepcii, problemy, reshenija [Regional Policy of Russia: concepts, problems, solutions], Rossijskij jekonomicheskij zhurnal [Russian Economic Journal], no. 9. 7. Liebman, А. М. 2008, Decentralizacija, integracija i regionalizacii: vzaimosvjaz' i vzaimovlijanie [Decentralization, integration and regionalization: the ...

... N., Smirnov, N. P. 1999, Obwaja okeanologija [General oceanography], Part. 2, Dinamicheskie processy [Dynamic processes], Saint Petersburg, RGGMU, 230 p. 6. Gotstser, D. 1991, Uchebnye programmy i social'nye problemy [Educational programs and social problems], Perspektivy. Voprosy obrazovanija [Prospects. Education Matters], Vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 7—19. 7. Johnson, N., Leone, F. 1981, Statistika i planirovanie jeksperimenta v tehnike i nauke. Metody planirovanija jeksperimenta [Statistics and experimental ...

... 127—150, available at: http://link. springer. com/article/10.1023/A%3A1017991017982?null (accessed 15 July 2012). 5. Gordukalova, G. F. 1979, Problemy otbora dokumentov v tekuwej otraslevoj bibliografii po obwestvennym naukam: diss.. kand. ped. nauk [The problem of selection of documents in the current bibliography of social studies: summary of dis....candidate of pedagogic. sciences], Leningrad. 6. Gordukalova, G. F. 1990, Dokumental'nyj potok social'noj tematiki kak obekt bibliograficheskoj dejatel'nosti ...

... Oblast, Gdynia-Pelplin, p. 70—76. 2. Chełminiak, M., Kotowicz, W. Modzelewski, W. T. 2006, The Polish — Russian Cross-Border Cooperation. Institutional Conditions and Perspectives of Regional Development. In: Palmowski, T., Matviyishyn, Y. (ed.), Problems of Regional Development in Border Regions of Ukraine and Poland, Lviv, pp. 226—245. 3. Kaczmarski, M., Smolar, E. 2007, The European Union and Russia 2004—2007, CSM Policy Paper, September, 2007, p. 20. 4. Kotowicz, W., 2012, Życie polityczne ...

... “Sovetskaja enciklopedija”, 18240 p. 5. Budavey, Yu. V. 1980, Dolgosrochnye narodnohozjajstvennye programmy [Long-term economic programs], Moscow, Mysl, 207 p. 6. Varshavskij, А. Е. 2005, Problemy i pokazateli razvitija innovacionnyh sistem [Problems and indicators of innovation systems]. In: Goreglyad V. P. (ed.), Innovacionnyj put' razvitija dlja novoj Rossii [Innovative way of development for the new Russia], Moscow, Nauka, pp. 201—204. 7. Gunin, V. N., Barancheev, V. N., Ustinov, V....

This article sets out to develop the concept and the principal scheme of the formation of a risk management system for innovative economic development projects in the field of aquaculture. The research carried out by the authors helps identify the main problems and characteristics of risk management projects for the development of aquaculture in presentday Russia. The authors outline the status and features of aquaculture development projects in the North-western federal district and the Kaliningrad ...

... regional and municipal levels, for example, the law «On the production policy of the Kaliningrad region». 1. Beketov, N. V. 2002, Nauchno-innovacionnye sistemy regionov: problemy formirovanija i razvitija [Research and innovation systems of regions: problems of formation and development], Innovacii v regione [Innovations in the region], no. 9, p. 8—15. 2. Bildina, О. В. 2007, Rol' tehnoparkov v processe kommercializacii tehnologicheskih innovacij [The role of technology parks in the commercialization ...

... regiona [Baltic Region Studies], no. 1 (7), p. 16—33. 5. Glazovsky, N. F. 2005, Ustojchivoe razvitie sel'skogo hozjajstva i sel'skih territorij.Zarubezhnyj opyt i problemy Rossii [Sustainable agriculture and rural areas.International experience and problems of Russia]. In: Glazovsky, N. F., Gordeev, N. F., Sdasyuk, G. V. (eds.), Moscow, Tovariwestvo nauchnyh izdanij KMK, 615 p. 6. Zabelin, P. V., Novikov, Ju. Ju. 2000, Innovacionnoe predprinimatel'stvo v Rossii [Innovative entrepreneurship in ...

... Moscow, GU-VShE. 28. Shelyubsky, N. 2001, Kosvennye metody gosudarstvennogo stimulirovanija innovacij: opyt Zapadnoj Evropy [Indirect methods of the state stimulation of innovations: experience of Western Europe], Problemy teorii i praktiki upravlenija [Problems of the theory and practice of management], no. 3, p. 75—80. 29. Radchenko, A. 2011, Innovacionnaja sistema Finljandii [Innovative system of Finland], Mirovoe i nacional'noe hozjajstvo [World and national economy], no. 1. 30. Lazarev, B., Demeshchik,...

... mechanism of development of small innovative enterprises on the basis of harmonisation of basic economic interests of their agents. The research significance of the results presented in the article consists in the fact that, for the first time, the problem of economic interest harmonisation has been considered in relation to the agents of small innovative business. The author juxtaposes the major economic interests of these agents and identifies their compatibility and conflict areas. The article ...

... result of internal contradictions in the USSR, Baltic leaders managed to achieve independence without any effective support from western powers. The research significance of this study lies in a diverse sel ection of sources and a new formulation of the problem of Baltic independence. The practical significance of the article results lies in the applicability of its materials in the development of Russian foreign policy in the Baltic region, further research on the history of the Baltic region, Germany,...

This article considers the Baltic-Pontic Sea region not only as a geographical space of Intermarium (Międzymorze, Tarpjūris etc.) but also as Intermundium or the interface of European and Russian (Eurasian) civilization. The study sets out to clarify the logic of changing patterns shaping this geopolitical area. To this end, the concept of the Baltic-Pontic conflict system proposed by Vadim Tsymbursky is applied and further developed. In contrast to his agent-focused vehicle of analysis disclosing...

... region. The authors assess its research and technological potential, and the achieved level of innovative activity in the Kaliningrad region as prerequisites necessary for the implementation of an innovative model of economy. This work identifies the problems of the research and technological potential development of the region, as well as a low level of development of the innovative activity in the Kaliningrad region in general and compared to the Baltic Sea region states. The authors also focus ...

Nowadays, one of the principal dimensions in attraction of the world economy structures is coastal territories as spaces where marine potential of a state is most pronounced. In this respect, it is vital to set the priorities of development of coastal zones taking into account the changes in the strategic situation in order to maintain the components of marine potential of the Russian Federation at the level of its national interests. The article aims to develop an indicator system of assessment...

In this paper we focus on the structure and territorial borders of the Baltic Sea region, and examine the key structural elements of the transnational territorial transport system. In this respect, we clarify some terms used in transport geography. For the first time the transport system gets territorially localized, which allows for a broad range of new studies of transnational transportation in the Baltic Sea area. We also identify the main principles of development and operation of international...

... obwestva [The theory of space. Message 3: The spatial-temporal organization of society], Izvestija Russkogo geograficheskogo obschestva, no. 5, p. 11—21. 13. Turovsky, R. F. 2006, Centr i regiony: problemy politicheskih otnoshenij [Center and regions: problems of political relations], Moscow, Higher School of Economics. 14. Sharygin, M. D. 2006, Evoljucija uchenija o territorial'nyh obwestvennyh sistemah [The evolution of the doctrine of territorial social systems], Geograficheskij vestnik, no. 1, ...

In this paper, we look at the interregional cooperation in adjacent areas. Specifically, we focus our attention on the cluster of regions formed by the city of St. Petersburg, the Leningrad region and the Republic of Karelia. All three areas face a number of challenges when it comes to international trade: challenges that are shared and that require strategic coordinated solutions from regional decisionmakers. One of such solutions, for example, could require pooling of competitive advantages of...

This article is dedicated to the problems of deployment of the US anti-missile defence system in Eastern Europe. The European system of US missile defence is just one of the components of global US missile defence. This work aims to analyze possible Russia’s responses within military ...

... Baltic region. This phenomenon emerged as a result of a global tendency towards more active involvement of municipal units in international cooperation, on the one hand, and aspirations of frontier cities and towns in the Baltic region to solve common problems together, on the other hand. This work is based on a comparative analysis method and a case study methodology. The authors consider four examples (city pairs): Tornio — Haparanda, Valga — Valka, Narva — Ivangorod and Imatra — Svetogorsk....

... registracionnaja palata pri Ministerstve justicii Rossijskoj Federacii [Bulletin of the FBI SRC with the Russian Ministry of Justice], no. 5, p. 20—30. 5. Kuznetsov, A. V., Chetverikova, A. S. 2009, Problemy rossijsko-pribaltijskih jekonomicheskih svjazej [Problems of Russian-Baltic economic ties], Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya [World Economy and International Relations], no. 7, p. 73—81. 6. Hejfec, B. A., Libman, A. M. 2008, Korporativnaja integracija: al'ternativa dlja postsovetskogo ...

This research was conducted in the framework of cultural geography — a relatively recent field of geography. This article considers the problems of geographical study of cultural landscapes of the North-West Russia, which includes Saint Petersburg, the Leningrad, Novgorod, Pskov, and Kaliningrad regions. This article sets out to develop and test the methodology for historical and cultural ...

... phenomena which have been considered individually in the framework of historiography. It is the major contribution of the article to the research on history of ideas and European diplomacy. Moreover, the subject of research is immediately connected to the problem of security in the Baltic region and the Soviet factor, as well as political stereotypes produced in this field. The author employed historical comparative and inductive types of the historical typological method. 1. Sovetskij Sojuz na mezhdunarodnyh ...

... 2010). 13. Doroshenko, V. 1974, Trade and agrarian development in the Baltic provinvs 15th—19th centuries, Tallin. 14. Skazkin, S. D. 1958, Osnovnye problemy tak nazyvaemogo «vtorogo izdanija krepostnichestva» v Srednej i Vostochnoj Evrope [The main problem of the so-called "second edition of serfdom" in Central and Eastern Europe], Voprosy istorii, no. 2, p. 96—119. 15. Doroshenko, V. V. 1960, Ocherki agrarnoj istorii Latvii v XVI veke [Essays on the agrarian history of Latvia in the ...

... Baltic region countries. The research and practical significance of the work lies in the stepwise description of actions taken by EU leaders and EU member states in order to formulate a common European energy policy. The 2004 EU enlargement posed the problem of taking into account the features of energy supply of Eastern European countries and, especially, the Baltic States. The energy industries of Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia, as well as other Eastern European and CIS countries, are closely related ...

... Vneshnejekonomicheskaja dejatel'nost' regionov Rossii [Foreign economic activity of Russian regions], Мoscow. 2. Tatarkin, A. I., Linetsky, А. F. 2009, Osobennosti i problemy integracii ekonomiki Rossijskoj Federacii v mirovoe hozjajstvo [Features and problems of Russian Federation economic integration to the world economy], Zhurnal ekonomicheskoj teorii [Journal of Economic Theory], no. 2(19), p. 142—153. 3. Social'no-ekonomicheskoe polozhenie Rossii: stat. sb [The socio-economic situation in Russia: ...

This article focuses on the correlation between the contemporary crisis phenomenon in the Eurozone and some CIS countries, and the existing Euroregions. We attempt to analyze the interdependence of the qualitative aspect of cross-border relations of European countries with their economic sustainability in the context of regional international integration. The theoretical significance of this work lies in the revealed correlation between the efficiency of cross-border Euroregions and the additional...

..., security and justice, available at: http://eeas. europa. eu/delegations/russia/documents/eu_russia/road_maps_en.pdf (accessed 19 August 2010). 6. Rossija i Evrosojuz nachnut reshat' problemy bezvizovogo rezhima [Russia and  the EU will solve the problems of a visa-free regime], Rosbalt, 2010, 31 May, available at: http://www.rosbalt.ru/2010/05/31/741009.html (accessed 20 May 2011). 7. Soglashenie mezhdu Pravitel'stvom Rossijskoj Federacii i Pravitel'stvom gosudarstva Izrail' ob otkaze ot vizovyh ...

EU-Russia cooperation has experienced problems in many areas. Nevertheless, cooperation in the field of migration proves to be successful. Through analyzing the EU-Russia migration agenda from the Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (1997) to the Roadmap for the Common Space on Freedom,...

... gazeta [Russian newspaper], 4 March, p. 8. 4. Kravchenko, N. A. 2010, К проблеме измерения и оценки инновационных систем, ЕCO, no. 1, p. 61—75. 5. Kruglyj stol «Voprosy konkurencii» [Round table "Problems of Competition"], 2010, Sovremennaja konkurencija [Modern Competition], no. 3 (21), p. 4—37. 6. Kurakova, N. 2010, Upravljaemye innovacii [Managed innovation], Rossijskaja gazeta [Russian newspaper], 20 Oct., p. 6. 7. Leksin, V. N., ...

... from the standpoint of its members], Mirovaya Ekonomika i Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya [World Economy and International Relations], no. 1, p. 62—69. 6. Ivanov, I. 1999, Rasshirenie Evrosojuza: scenarij, problemy, posledstvija [EU enlargement: a script problem, the consequences], Mirovaya Ekonomika i Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya [World Economy and International Relations], no. 9, p. 22—33. 7. Inozemtsev, V. L., Kuznetsova, Ye. R. 2002, Vozvrawenie Evropy.Ob#edinennaja Evropa na puti k liderstvu v mirovoj ...

... (accessed 01 December 2010). 29. Behr, V. 2004, Europäisierung und Globalisierung des internationalen Zivilverfahrensrechts durch die neuen EG-Verordnungen [Europeanization and globalization of international civil procedure law by the new EC regulations], Probleme der Angleichung des europäischen Rechts, Augsburger Rechtsstudien [Problems of harmonization of European law, Augsburg Legal Studies], Bd 1, p. 135. 30. Charter, D., Elliot, V. 2008, Reprieve for curvy cucumbers and crooked carrots as EU bends ...

... cross-border Cooperation. Olsztyn. 12. Chełminiak, M., Kotowicz, W., Modzelewski, W. T. 2006. The Polish-Russian Cross-Border Cooperation. Institutional Conditions and Perspectives of Regional Development. In: T. Palmowski, Y. Matviyishyn (red.). Problems of Regional Development in Border Regions of Ukraine and Poland. Lviv. 13. Chełminiak, M., Kotowicz, W., Modzelewski, W. T., Żukowski, A. 2003.Kalendarium kontaktów Polski z Obwodem Kaliningradzkim FR w latach 1991—2003. In: A. Żukowski ...

This article analyses the role of Russia — the North-West federal district — in the New North concept, which encompasses new political relations in the North of Europe in the framework of international organisations and regional cooperation — for instance, the Northern Dimension. 1. Beloborodova, I. N. 2000. POLIS, № 4, pp. 163—166. 2. V Gosdume projdet «kruglyj stol» na temu realizacii «dorozhnyh kart».[online] Available at: <http://www. rian. ru/world/world_community/20051125/42217940.html>...

This article focuses on opportunities for studying cultural landscapes in the Kaliningrad region and offers methodology for it. The author outlines types of the information required: genetic types of natural landscapes, spatial settlement and land use features, and the network components of the landscapes environment. 1. Berg, L. S. 1915. Izv. RGO, Part. 51, Vyp. 9, pp. 463—475. 2. Vedenin, Ju. A. Kuleshova, M. E. 2001. Izv. RAN, Ser. geogr.,№ 1, pp. 7—14. 3. Vedenin, Ju. A., Kuleshova, M. E....

It is the first time pockmark-like structures have been detected in the south-eastern part of the Gulf of Finland with the help of a side-scan sonar and a profile recorder. The analysis of the distribution of microcomponents in the bottom sediment indicates that the pockmark area is located in the geochemical barrier border zone where the reducing medium of the incoming mineralized solution meets the highly oxidizing sea water medium. The hydrodynamic and geochemical processes in the pockmark zone...