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... Letters from exile]. Moscow (in Russ.). Nepomnyashchy, V. S., 2001. Let the descendants of the Orthodox know. In: V. S. Ne­pomnyashchy, ed. Da vedayut potomki pravoslavnykh. Pushkin. Rossiya. My [Let the des­cen­dants of the Orthodox know. Pushkin. Russia. We]. Moscow (in Russ.). Nepomnyashchy, V. S., 1987. Poeziya i sud'ba. Nad stranitsami dukhovnoi biografii Pushkina [Poetry and destiny. Reading Alexander Pushkin’s spiritual biography]. Mos­cow (in Russ.). Nepomnyashchy, V. S., 1999. Pushkin....

This article is devoted to Perestroika poets referring to the Pushkin text as a ‘tuning fork’ in reconfiguring poetics. The study aims to show that, in this case, intertextual connection create a special text-within-a-text. The corpus, intertextual, and compositional methods are used to analyse Pushkin-invoking texts by Yuri Arabov, Vladimir Druk, Timur Kibirov, and other poets. It is concluded that these authors perceive Pushkin’s poetry as a lexicon whose units can be used for building countless...

... century]. Vol. 28. St. Petersburg. pp. 86—104 (in Russ.). Glagoleva, O. E., 1988. A. T. Bolotov as a reader. In: M. V. Kukushkina, ed. Ruko­pis­naya i pechatnaya kniga v Rossii: Problemy sozdaniya i rasprostraneniya [Handwritten and printed book in Russia: Problems of creation and distribution]. Leningrad. pp. 140—158 (in Russ.). Kuznetsov, A. E., 2013. Proza Andreya Timofeevicha Bolotova kak khudozhestvennoe yavlenie [The prose of Andrei Timofeevich Bolotov as an artistic phenomenon]. Ph. D. ...

The history of the creation of Andrei T. Bolotov’s memoirs has been little studied. In par­ticular, the stages of his work on this text are not entirely clear. This article is an attempt to shed light on one aspect of this problem. Bolotov’s personal fund (No. 349) in the Archives and manuscripts section of the State Historical Museum contain a manuscript of Bolotov’s memoirs entitled “Part 2”. It differs significantly in its essential characteristics (paper, de­sign, size, composition, title, division...

... ‘compatriot’. This merger resulted in the formation of two new prototypical meanings: one is civic, collective and elevated, and the other gravitates to ethnicity since it is used to refer to Russians. With the strengthening of state institutions in Russia, the first meaning was bound to dominate and it did at the beginning of the 19th century. However, one should speak not about the synthesis, but rather about the discordance of the two meanings. In the 19th century, another meaning developed in ...

... [Bulletin of Bashkir Universi­ty], 17 (1), pp. 133—138 (in Russ.). Shmelev, A. D., 2008. The evolution of the Russian linguistic picture of the world and the culture of speech. Russian Language Journal, Special Issue: Language Culture in Contemporary Russia, 58, pp. 229—248 (in Russ.). Georg, L., 1868. Grammaire élémentaire et pratique de la langue anglaise: Ouvrage ac­compagné de nombreux exercices de conversation et suivi de deux vocabulaires alphabétiques. Genève. Wagner, L., 1894. Manners,...

Translation of philosophical texts is a special challenge because of specific philosophical idiom and conceptual complexity of the narrative. It is not surprising that such translations are often accompanied by commentaries where the translator steps out of the shadows to justi­fy the translational decisions. This kind of supplementary text called the “translational peritext” is under study in this paper aiming to reveal the cognitive effort the translation process involves, and to explore the author-translator-reader...

The story «The Source of Injury» by Nikolay Kononov is as a psychoanalytic report that has a therapeutic effect for the narrator. The characteristics of the three main characters are con­sidered in terms of their alchemical symbolism. This point of view makes it possible to identify the psychological function of each character as a reflection of a certain aspect of their psyche. Ovechin, whose image is dominated by the solar symbolism, appears as a projection of Ego and of momentary consciousness...

A moment's reflection suffices to convince one that no language is homogeneous, being represented by a set of language variants or language existential forms, reflecting the hetero­geneous character of the national culture. Notwithstanding variable nature of language, lin­guistic theorizing has been mostly based on standardized languages forms, rather than on natu­ral speech dialects. The present research addresses the fundamental issue of variability within a language and aims at studying the specific...

... student-centred teaching principles. Alexeeva, I. S., 2006. Pis’mennyi perevod. Nemetskyi yazyk [Translation. The Ger­man language]. St. Petersburg.: “Soyuz” Publishing House (in Russ.). Alexeeva, I. S., 2008. The current state of translation theory in Russia (critical re­view). Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo universiteta [Bulletin of S. Petersburg University], (9) 1, pp. 26—38 (in Russ.). Bazylev, V. N., 2013. Didactica perevoda [Didactics of Translation]. Moscow. Flinta. Nauka (in Russ.). Carreres,...

Digital philology studies texts and textuality in electronic networks and the ways of their reading, writing and transformation. Electronic texts are much more fluid and transformable than paper texts and oral utterances. Textonics is a combination of theoretical and practical work with digital texts, the use of the Internet and all the capabilities of computer technology to create new sign ensembles, to develop new genres of intellectual creativity, and to rethink and reorganize existing textual...

The roundtable discussed the key problems of meaning formation in narrative and per­formative practices. In free discussion, experts analysed various factors and parameters de­termining the meaningfulness of action and examined mechanisms for their interpretation. These mechanisms can be considered as manifestations of various modally different types of textualisation. Interpretation and textualisation make it possible to identify and describe the interaction between some causal and functional relations...

Using an excerpt from Stanisław Lem’s Solaris, this article explores the idea that, in a literary text, a fictional world and the world of physical reality may interact to form such a reality that can paradoxically turn out to be more real than what we believe to be the actual reality. It is also shown that the fictional world realized in a literary text may bring the reader to certain conclusions about the world in which he or she lives. Thus, even if literature is in­capable of affecting reality...

... signs]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.). Sakhno, I. M., 2011. Visual artifacts of poetic constructivism. Dom Burganova. Prostranstvo kul'tury [House Burganova. Culture space], 2, pp. 73—83 (in Russ.). Sigei, S., 1996. A Brief History of Visual Poetry in Russia. In: D. Bulatov, ed. Eksperimental'naya poeziya: izbrannye stat'i [Experimental Poetry: Featured Articles]. Königsberg — Malbork: Simplicius, pp. 60—67 (in Russ.). Saussure, F., 1998. Kurs obshchei lingvistiki [General Linguistics Course]....

... assessed vs not corresponding to the standards, negatively assessed”. This assessment forms the basis of the axiology of the Christian doctrine. Likhachev, D. S., ed., 1997. Biblioteka literaturyi Drevney Rusi [Library of literature of ancient Russia]. St. Petersburg. Available at: http://lib.pushkinskijdom.ru/Default . aspx?tabid=2070 [Accessed 5 September 2018] (in Russ.). Belyaev, A. E., ed., 1904. Jitie protopopa Avvakuma, im samim napisannoe [Life of Protopopus Avvakum, written by him]....

... semantically re-oriented vocabulary, etc.), and pragmatic features. The results of the diasporic speech analysis show that the key components of a typical diasporic discourse are the following ones: spatial-temporal localization (space: Estonia — Russia —the West relations; significant locations, space in the past and today (the empire, the Republic of Estonia, the Soviet Union); information space; time: historical periods, dates, holidays; time in information space, etc.), linguistic reflections ...

In a series of interviews given in the early 1990s, Yuri Lotman contemplated the boundary between the human and the animal. Keenly interested in animals, the scholar stressed in his later work the need to include animal communication in the semiosphere. Lotman’s model holds that semiosis requires at least two languages between which instances of untranslatability occur. However, he did not extend this model to animal communication. This is the apparent paradox of Lotman’s later work. Lotman might...

Semiotic systems are closely associated with social practices, within which the former record, store, and disseminate social experience. These systems affect the human consciousness to change the semantic picture of the world, behaviour, and the way one perceives reality. Almost all cultural artefacts perform the function of a sign. As a semiotic system develops special signs emerge to replace the artefacts by denoting them. Iconic signs are based upon resemblance, index signs upon a causal relationship...

This article presents preliminary results of a project studying multilingualism in world poetry. Multilingual interactions are particularly persistent in the contexts where either writers (poets) exist in multilingual sociocultural environments or they are moving from one country to another throughout their literary career. Existing in two or more cultural and/or linguistic spaces at the same time and thus making transfers across the boundaries of different languages easier, more efficient, and more...

This article deals with the roles and functions of a translator of poetry. The study identifies certain components of the process, within which a translator acts simultaneously as a transmitter of the original culture, a mediator between the reader and the author of the source text, a co-author, a linguistic innovator, a poet, and a linguist. The two latter roles are crucial for translating poetry. Translators of poetry create ‘their own’ texts. It is obvious that they cannot distance themselves...

... Available at: http://www.nir.ru/ sj/sj/sj3—01krav.html sait [Accessed 22 December 2017]. 21. Kuznetsova, E., Khimshiashvili, P. Eksperty Kremlya predskazali rost populizma v Rossii po zapadnoi modeli [Kremlin experts predicted the growth of populism in Russia by the Western model]. Available at: http://www.rbc.ru/politics/24/04/2017/ 58fccb959a7947263bd9d666?from=main [Accessed 22 December 2017]. 22. Lapshin, A. O., 2017. On a new populism and globalization (a few comments). Zhurnal Vlast' [Journal ...

This article analyses linguistic means of expressing argumentation in judicial discourse as used in the prosecutor’s speech in F. M. Dostoevsky’s The Brothers Karamazov. The author identifies logical and psychological types of argumentation characteristic of the 19th-century courtroom speeches. Such speeches use a complex structure of theses and arguments and employ various pragmatic and rhetorical means and devices alongside compound and complex sentences. The force of persuasion of the prosecutor’s...

... literaturovedenii [Formal method in literary criticism]. Leningrad. 28. Musin-Pushkin, A. A., 1912. Sbornik statei po voprosam shkol'nogo obrazovaniya na Zapade i v Rossii (po lichnym nablyudeniyam) [Collection of articles on school education in the West and in Russia (on personal observations)]. St. Petersburg. Vol. 2. 29. Orlova, V. G., 1952. Discussion of the book of I. I. Meschaninov “Members of the proposals and the part of speech” at the enlarged meeting of the Academic council of the Institute of ...

The article is devoted to the development of a fundamental semiotic model of images that is based on the categorical apparatus of Ch. S. Peirce (on the concepts of Firstness, icon, hypoicon and metaphor). The image is proposed to be defined as a complex sign (two-level hypoicon- metaphor), which has a certain “primary” sign as its sign vehicle that represents the object constituted by all the facts (cases of semiosis) that are similar to that primary sign. Three key functions of the image are defined:...

1. Барт Р. Смерть автора // Избранные работы. Семиотика. Поэтика. М., 1994. С. 384—391. 2. Виноградов В. В. Проблема сказа в стилистике // Поэтика. Л., 1926. Вып. 1. С. 24—50. 3. Гаспаров М. Л. Записи и выписки. М., 2001. 4. Григорьев В. П. Грамматика идиостиля. М., 1983. 5. Гумбольдт В. О различии строения человеческих языков и его влиянии на духовное развитие человечества. СПб., 1859. 6. Золян С. Т. К проблеме описания поэтического идиолекта (на материале поэзии Л. Мартынова) // Известия АН СССР...

This paper studies the vision of translation developed within structuralism, cross-cultural studies, and semiotics and compares them with the theory of cultural transfers. The authors identify key notions of each theory or school. Some of these notions — code, opposition, discretion, and border — permeate the scientific vocabulary of many linguistic schools. However, these terms easily acquire new meanings and interpretations in research works. The continuity of communication space is key to semiotic...

This article analyses differences between the static and dynamic interpretations of the text and discourse. The concept of a communicative action (a semiotic act) is considered as the main distinguishing factor that is crucial for the communicative model of text but is ignored within the language model. The communicative (dynamic) model postulates the following: 1) the text is a sequence of verbal elements of communicative actions; 2) the verbal manifestation of an utterance differs fundamentally...

This article considers the correlation between N. Kononov’s short story and the literary pretexts. It is stressed that the intertextual poetics of the short story is shaped by the patterns of the author’s poetical world. The citation and allusion field of the short story is analysed as a component of the literary whole fulfilling original meaning-generating functions. The article analyses the complex of intertextual connections between N. Kononov’s short story and the works of A. Pushkin and O. Mandelstam...

The fact that Teutonic knights fought in the Battle of the Ice in sivnflyking formation trying to destroy Alexander Nevsky’s troops and sustained a defeat is commonly acknowledged in Russian history. This article is an attempt to establish whether the use of this formation is a historical fact or another historical myth. 1. Арбузов Л. А. Очерки истории Лифляндии, Эстляндии и Курляндии. СПб., 1912. 2. Бискуп М. Великая война Польши и Литвы с Тевтонским орденом (1409—1411 гг.) в свете новейших исследований...

The author shows special significance of a change of heart and mind of Prince Vladimir, the "miracle of miracles" (Metropolitan Hilarion), which despite all the internal and external hardships of Russia, still reflects its main essence — faithfulness to the Law of Christ. 1. Карташёв А. В. История Русской Церкви. М., 2006. Т. 1. 2. Митрополит Иларион. Слово о законе и благодати ...

This article considers the cultural background to the perception of F. Nietzsche’s philosophy in Russia and the philosopher’s influence on the consciousness of Russian emigration. The author stresses the value of periodicals as a source for historical and philosophical studies and addresses the heuristic aspects of publications in periodicals. ...

There numerous publication on the conversion of the Russian scientist and religious philosopher Lev Karsavin to Catholicism. Meanwhile, the juxtaposition of the memories of those who witnessed the last years of Karsavin's life as well as many other documents of that time make it possible to assert that his conversion to another faith is only a myth created by enthusiastic zealots of Catholicism, since it contradicts the dying philosopher’s testimony. 1. Ванеев А. А. Два года в Абези. В память...

The article focuses on the comparative analysis of V. Rozanov's "Apocalypse of our time" and G. Ivanov's prosaic poem , "Disintegration of the atom" in the context of eschatological traditions of Russian literature. Dialogical relations are established between the existential tragic perception of the two authors and the Old Believers' concept of spiritual antichrist. 1. Бердяев Н. А. Духи русской революции // Вехи. Из глубины. М., 1991. 2. Бердяев Н. А. Смысл истории. Новое...

... important of the new sources N. Karamzin used are investigated, including referencing in footnotes. It is concluded that the History of the Russian State played a considerable role in the popularization of documental heritage of ancient and medieval Russia. 1. Карамзин Н. М. История государства Российского. URL: http://rvb.ru/18vek/karamzin/4igr/toc_igr_kn1.htm (дата обращения: 10.01.2017). 2. Ключевский В. О. Н. М. Карамзин ...

1. В Калининграде организовывают научно-практическую конференцию «Владимир-Креститель и судьбы русского мира: история, словесность, культура». URL: http://kaliningradtoday.ru/society/education/01105448 (дата обращения: 17.11.2015). 2. Изотова Т. А. У каждого поколения — свой Гоголь // Калининградская правда. № 194. С. 6.

Based on ample documentary evidence, the author identifies the theoretical and metho¬dological principles behind the development of documentary films in post-Revolutionary Russia, as well as the principles of film text and the correlation between the visual imagery and the text. The role of Dziga Vertov in this process is emphasised. The author proves that Ver¬tov forestalled the development and organisation of modern ...

This article offers an overview of the discipline ‘Language activation and language teaching strategy’ taught to students of philology at the University of Gdansk. It is emphasised that the course pays special attention to acquiring knowledge and its application in the course of individual studies. The results of an annual survey of junior students of Russian philology at the University of Gdansk help identify the factors of effective teaching of foreign languages. 1. Anisimowicz B. Alternatywne...

1. Bartmiński J., Lappo I., Majer-Baranowska U. Stereotyp Rosjanina i jego profilowanie we współczesnej polszczyźnie // Etnolingiwstyka. Lublin, 2002. T. 14. 2. Kępiński A. Lach i Moskal. Z dziejów stereotypu. Kraków, 1995. 3. Niewiara A. Polskie stereotypy narodowe w świetle badań diachronicznych //LingVaria. Rok 5. № 2. URL: http://www2.polonistyka.uj.edu.pl/LingVaria/archiwa/LV_2_2010_pdf/014_Niewiara.pdf (дата обращения: 20.09.2012). 4. Wójtowicz N. Pojęcie i funkcjonowanie stereotypu...

This article considers the transformation of traditional iconographic elements of the Western branch of Eastern Slavic icon painting in view of the civilisational processes developing in the late Middle Ages. It is stressed that the iconography of the Last Judgement was represented by more complex — in terms of composition and ideas — works reflecting the prevalent views of the Galich Rusyns of the time. The proliferation of the Last Judgement compositions in the Eastern Slavic area is linked to...

1. Абызов Ю. И. Мир дайн и проблема перевода. URL: http://www.russkije.lv/ru/pub/read/y-abizov-daini/ (дата обращения: 15.08.2012). 2. Берлянд Е. И. Школа диалога культур. URL: http://www.bibler.ru/shdkom_be_shdk.html (дата обращения: 15.08.2012). 3. Курганов С. Капризная индивидуальность понятия. URL: http://www.bibler.ru/shdkom_ku_kap.html (дата обращения: 15.08.2012). 4. Юшков А. Н. Ода своему заповеднику // Первое сентября. 1997. № 60.

It is stressed that the metaphysical foundation of the original pedagogy of Königsberg, which was called by K. Garber “an emblem of apocalypse” is Kant’s philosophical conviction that humanity will attain “perpetual peace” in the graveyard of humankind unless they make the “moral law” the initial principle of any causality. It is shown that N. M. Karamzin unveils the essence of this law with impressive precision and brevity in his letter. 1. Берковский Н. Я. Романтизм в Германии. Л., 1973. 2....