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This article focuses on the importance of developing speech and communicative skills in students of technical universities in view of the requirements of the Russian higher education system after the transition to the 3rd generation federal state education standards. A comparison of 2010—2013 ...

... article presents a gender portrait of a man as seen in modern “male” Russian chanson. Two types of such portrait are identified: the lyrical one that is reconstructed on the basis of the songwriter’s self-expression and the objective one that develops when the songwriter looks at a man as another. In these circumstances, a man appears as a philosopher striving to comprehend life and his place in it. 1. Берестнев Г. И. Женщина глазами мужчины в современном ...

1. Государственная программа совершенствования преподавания и изучения русского и английского языков в Республике Таджикистан на 2004— 2014 годы // Нормативно-правовые акты системы образования. Душанбе, 2003. 2. Национальная концепция образования Республики Таджикистан : утверждена Постановлением Правительства Республики Таджикистан 3 мая 2002 г. № 200.

... VII: Königsberg. Königsberg: B. Teichert. Borodkin, L. I., Mironenko, M. S, Chertopolokhov, V. A., Belousova, M. D., Khlopikov, V. V., 2018. Technologies of Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR / AR) in the Tasks of Reconstruction of Historical Urban Development (On the Example of the Moscow Passionate Monastery). Istoricheskaya informatika / Historical Informatics, 3(25), pp. 133-135. (In Rus.) Borowski, L. E., 1907. Darstellung des Lebens und Charakters Immanuel Kants. In: H. Schwarz, 1907. Immanuel ...

... Wittgenstein’s philosophical affinities and the question concerning Wittgenstein’s alleged use of “transcendental arguments”. First, Alfred Norman’s reading of the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus as a thought experiment receives revision to develop a view of the Critique of Pure Reason as a large-scale thought experiment that shares important logical features with the Tractatus. Then the question is addressed whether the middle Wittgenstein and the pre-critical Kant employed any thought ...

... Zeus’s head, mature and in full armour from the very beginning. That is why in both prefaces to the Critique of Pure Reason (1781 and 1787) Kant introduces the concept of transcendental philosophy as an “idea.” The idea understood architectonically develops slowly and only gradually acquires a definite form. As witnessed by the works of Kant himself and of his predecessors and followers, the idea of transcendental philosophy has undergone a series of changes and adjustments compared to the initial ...

... attached today to a new view of the theory of the social contract, considered not only from socio-political but also from moral positions, forces us to approach in a new way the question concerning the universality of the key philosophical categories developed within this theory throughout its history. Elaborating the ideas set forth in the monograph, the author also stresses the relevance of the problem of justifying the thesis about the moral law as an analogue of the universal law of nature in ...

... Kohlhammer. Langthaler, R., 2014. Geschichte, Ethik und Religion im Anschluss an Kant. Philosophische Perspektiven „zwischen skeptischer Hoffnungslosigkeit und dogmatischem Trotz“. In 2 Bänden. Band 2. Berlin: Akademie Verlag. Murphey, M., 1961. The Development of Peirce’s Philosophy. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. Murphey, M., 1968. Kant’s Children: The Cambridge Pragmatists. Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society, IV (1), S. 3-33. Nagl, L., 1992. Charles Sanders ...

... Péan pour Aphrodite. Paris: Galilée. Okorokov, V. B., 2000. Metafizika epohi transcendental’nogo myshleniya: specifika, sushchnost’ i tendenciya raz­vitiya [Metaphysics of the Era of Transcendental Thinking: Specificity, Essence and Trend of Development]. Dnepropet­rovsk: DNU. (In Rus.) Pruzhinin, B. I. und Shvyrev, V. S., Hg., 1995. Racional’nost’ kak predmet filosofskogo issledovaniya [Rationality as a Subject of Philosophical Research]. Moscow: IF RAN. (In Rus.) Weber, M., 1919. Wissenschaft ...

The hypothetical approach to the supersensible developed by Kant in his three Critiques, exemplified by his analysis of the aesthetic and reflective judgment in his third Critique, with their principle fortuitous purposiveness, can be considered as the basis for a new foundation of metaphysics. According ...

... filosofii kul’tury [The Art as a Kind of Knowledge. Selected Works on the Philosophy of Culture]. Edited by T. G. Shchedrina. Moscow: ROSSPEN, pp. 175-322. (In Rus.) Shpet, G. G., 2009. Ocherk razvitija russkoj filosofii. II. Materialy [Essay on the Development of Russian Philosophy. II. Materials]. Reconstruction by T. G. Shchedrina. Moscow: ROSSPEN, pp. 24-56. (In Rus.) Shpet, G. G., 2010a. Lectures on the Theory of Cognition: Paragraphs 1—9. In: G. G. Shpet, 2010. Filosofija i nauka. Lekcionnye ...

... vice versa. In response, I propose standards that do not assume a specific normative theory and that become apparent when we look at clear-cut abuses of rationality. These standards of minimally decent reasoning can help us diagnose rationalising. I develop these standards by looking at inadequate uses of rational capacities that should strike us as problematic regardless of the specific ethical theory we adopt. I emphasise that even an abuse of rational capacities can yield true results and that ...

... Lossky’s Moral Philosophy and M. Scheler’s Phenomenology. Studies in Soviet Thought, 18(2), pp. 121-130. Oizerman, T. I., 1994. Kant’s Doctrine of Initial Evil in Human Nature. Kantian Journal, 18, pp. 11-20. (In Rus.). Popova, V. S., 2015. Kant in the Development of N. O. Lossky’s Philosophical Views: The Case of a Translation. Kantian Journal, 1(52), pp. 62-75. Puls, H., 2011. Freiheit als Unabhängigkeit von bloß subjektiv bestimmenden Ursachen — Kants Auflösung des Zirkelverdachts im dritten ...

... Childress, J. F., 2001. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Fifth Edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Beauchamp, T. L., Childress, J. F., 2019. Principles of Biomedical Ethics. Eighth Edition. New York: Oxford University Press. Blagg, C. R., 1998. Development of Ethical Concepts in Dialysis: Seattle in the 1960s. Nephrology, 4(4), pp. 235-238. Cesari, M. and Proietti, M., 2020. COVID-19 in Italy: Ageism and Decision Making in a Pandemic. JAMDA, 21(5), pp. 576-577. Childress, J. F., Faden, R. R....

Neo-Kantianism is traditionally seen as a philosophy that was formed to develop and actualise Kant’s philosophy and Kantian transcendental methodology. However, Kant was the determining, but by no means the only, influence on the emergence of the neo-Kantian tradition. Neo-Kantianism was strongly influenced by the entire ...

... categories and principles of understanding as well as the ideas and principles of reason build transcendental elements to conceive transcendental philosophy as a philosophical system. Accordingly, in addition to the “Transcendental Analytic”, Kant develops in the “Transcendental Dialectic” an expanded concept of the transcendental. The transcendental ideas do not denote object-constitutive principles but, in a weaker sense, conditions of the possibility of experience. The relation between Division ...

The third formulation of the Categorical Imperative rarely receives the attention devoted to its predecessors. This paper aims to develop a naturalistic approach to morality inspired by Kant’s conception of moral agents as legislating in a Kingdom of Ends. Positions derived from the third formulation, John Rawls’s Kantian Constructivism and T. M. Scanlon’s Contractualism, ...

... seems necessary to conduct a comparative analysis of two interconnected neo-Kantian concepts, of Hermann Cohen and Ivan Lapshin. Studying Kant’s philosophy since his student days, Lapshin gradually came to the conclusion that the need to clarify and develop Kant’s transcendental method was dictated by the development of scientific knowledge. Indeed, the works of the Russian neo-Kantian contain echoes and polemical adjustments of Cohen’s spatio-temporal ideas. Our study has revealed common epistemological ...

... Transcendental Turn in Contemporary Philosophy (4): Transcendental Metaphysics, Epistemology and the Philosophy of Mind. Proceedings of International Seminar]. Moscow: GAUGN Press, pp. 42-46. (In Rus.) Kalinnikov, L. A., 2019c. Kant’s System as the Development of Ideological Intentions of the Enlightenment. In: N. A. Dmitrieva and V. A. Chaly, eds. 2019. 12th Kant-Readings. Kant and the Ethics of Enlightenment: Historical Roots and Contemporary Relevance: Proceedings of the International Conference....

... practices, but mainly refers to the form of his anthropological study and conceptualisation of scientific knowledge. Kant has transferred the technique of visualisation from natural sciences to the objects of philosophical inquiry, thus contributing to the development in the humanities of representative practices, the scientific method of observation as well as the corresponding epistemic and literary genre. Baecker, D., 2013. Foreword: A Mathematics of Form, a Sociology of Observers. Cybernetics ...

... This uncertainty is the reason for a wide range of interpretations of Kant’s transcendental idealism. A paradigmatic example is the contemporary confrontation between the “two objects” theory and the “two aspects” theory. In this paper, I develop a semantico-cognitive approach to Kant’s transcendentalism in general as well as to his conception of appearance in particular. Its use makes it possible to clarify both the metaphysical and ontological status of appearance. I show that, from ...

....1093/actrade/9780198243861.book.1. Rorty, R., 1984. The Historiography of Philosophy: Four Genres. In: R. Rorty, J. B. Schneewind and Q. Skinner, eds. 1984. Philosophy in History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 49-75. Stewart, M. A., 2005. Hume’s Intellectual Development, 1711–1752. In: M. Frasca-Spada and P. J. E. Kail, eds. 2005. Impressions of Hume. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 11-58. Vasilyev, V. V., 1998. Podvaly kantovskoi metafiziki (deduktsiia kategorii) [Basements of Kant’s Metaphysics: ...

... 1997. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated and edited by P. Guyer and A. W. Wood. New York: Cambridge University Press. Kavelin, K. D., 1886. Zadachy etiki [The Tasks of Ethics]. St. Petersburg: M. M. Stasliulevich. Khomyakov, A. S., 1965. On Recent Developments in Philosophy. In: J. M. Edie, ed. 1965. Russian Philosophy, Volume 1. Chicago: Quadrangle Books, pp. 220-269. (In Russ.) Kireevsky, I. V., 1972. On the Necessity and Possibility of New Principles in Philosophy. In: P. K. Christoff, ed. 1972....

... Concerning the Foundations of the Philosophy of the Elements Issued by Professor Reinhold in Jena Together with a Defense of Skepticism against the Pretensions of the Critique of Reason. In: G. E. Schulze, 2000. Between Kant and Hegel: Texts in the Development of Post-Kantian Idealism. Translated by G. di Giovanni, H. S. Harris. Indianapolis & Cambridge: Hackett Publishing Company, pp. 104-135. Soboleva, M. E., 2018. How Do We Read Kant, or Kant in the Context of Contemporary Epistemological Discussions ...

... possibility of creative activities within a concrete culture and what permits him to determine the vectors of self-actualisation? In seeking an answer to this question Hessen resorts to the dialectical method as a universal formal instrument for assessing the development of culture. What enables Hessen to overcome in theory the fragmentation of culture into a multitude of variations of actualisation of free will is the interpretation of the common will as a continuously renewed result of interaction among ...

I argue that Kant has developed a broad systematic account of the architectonic functionality of pure reason that can be used and advanced in contemporary contexts. Reason, in the narrow sense, is responsible for the picture of a well-ordered universe of science consisting ...

... I then demonstrate that Kant’s concept of ether as an elastic matter of fire, heat and light containing the forces of attraction and repulsion originates in the dissertation On Fire. I identify the provisions in Kant’s early works which he later develops in the Master’s dissertation and establish continuity between the text of On Fire and the so-called Physical Monadology, draw parallels between the ideas enunciated by Kant in his first dissertation and the interpretation of ether in the printed ...

... social entities, each offering the individual its own legal order for actualising freedom? To solve this problem the philosophers use the concept of “the general will”. General will is an instrument of correlation between individual freedom and the development of society and culture as a whole. The object of philosophical dispute is how the general will is formed: 1) in the process of social self-organisation according to Gurvitch; 2) in the operation of the suprafunctional organisation (the state) ...

... Brain — Culture — Society: Kantian Programme in Cognitive Science. Moscow: Kanon+ ROOI “Reabilitatsiya”. (In Rus.) Lorenz, K., 1982. Kant’s Doctrine of the a priori in the Light of Contemporary Biology. In: H. C. Plotkin, ed. 1982. Learning, Development, and Culture. Chichester: Wiley, pp. 121-143.

... Thought. Yearbook of Petersburg Philosophical Association. St.-Petersburg: St.-Petersburg University Press, pp. 200-208. (In Rus.) Rozhanskii, I. D., 1979. Razvitiye estestvoznaniya v epokhu Antichnosti. Rannyaya grecheskaya nauka “o prirode” [The Development of Natural Sciences in the Age of Antiquity. Early Greek Science “about Nature”]. Moscow: Nauka. (In Rus.) Schnell, A., 2015. Wirklichkeitsbilder. Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck. Seel, M., 2003. Ästhetik des Erscheinens. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp....

..., the Russian State University for the Humanities and the Foundation for the Humanities. The review examines the main topics of the workshop, summarises the main presentations and explicates the problem area of modern interpretations of Kant and the development of transcendentalism in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. The presentations, questions and discussions centred around the main problems of transcendentalism: the differences between the phenomenon and the thing in itself, between the ...

... which brought ontology and gnoseology closer together. One can observe this process, for example, in the philosophical doctrines of the Russian intuitivists Nikolay Lossky and Semyon Frank. I demonstrate that the emergence of these doctrines and the development of their onto-gnoseological categorial apparatus were mainly connected with the criticism of the Neo-Kantian theory of cognition and the possibility of transcendent knowledge as such. The main sources of my study are The Intuitive Basis of ...

... between the late 1910s and early 1920s saw the emergence of onto-epistemological philosophical projects in Russia that was determined by criticism and attempts to overcome the domination of epistemology in philosophy which was the result of the intensive development of Neo-Kantianism and the influence of Husserl’s phenomenology. Attempts to turn towards ontology were made both by Russian religious philosophers and by Russian Neo-Kantians. I look at the little-studied philosophical projects of the Russian ...

In this study, I investigate the philosophico-pedagogical concepts developed by German and Russian Neo-Kantians, namely P. Natorp, S. I. Hessen, M. M. Rubinstein. In order to identify the peculiarities of the approaches of the Neo-Kantians to legal consciousness in children, I show that the widely accepted view that ...

... is Wrong, Everywhere, Always, and for Anyone, to Believe Anything upon Insufficient Evidence. In: J. Jordan and D. L. Howard-Snyder, eds. 1996. Faith, Freedom and Rationality. Lanham and London: Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 137-153. Ward, K., 1972. The Development of Kant’s View of Ethics. New York: Blackwell. Wimmer, R., 2011. Kants kritische Religionsphilosophie. Edited by G. Funke and R. Malter. Berlin and Boston: De Gruyter. Wood, A., 2002. Unsettling Obligations: Essays on Reason, Reality, and ...

... author analyses the main concepts of Kant's rational ethics and attempts to classify his pedagogical ideas, which can be traced through all his works. The article also addresses the influence of Immanuel Kant's philosophical and pedagogical ideas on the development of pedagogy in Germany in the 19th century as well as on the modern theory and practice of education. 1. Бондаревская Е. В. Педагогическая культура как общественная и личная цен­ность ...

... Bestimmung des Menschen bei Kant. Hamburg, 2007. 12. Firla M. Untersuchungen zum Verhältnis von Anthropologie und Moral­philosophie bei Kant. Frankfurt a/M;Bern, 1981. 13. Guyer P. Beauty, Freedom, and Morality. Kant’s Lectures on Anthropolo­gy and the Development of his Aesthetic Theory // Jacobs/Kain 2003. S. 135—163. 14. Hinske N. Kants Idee der Anthropologie // Die Frage nach dem Men­schen. Aufriß einer philosophischen Anthropologie. Festschrift für Max Müller zum 60. Geburtstag / Rombach ...

... Problem der Kontingenz der Welt. Freiburg, 1969. 11. Schmucker J. Joseph Moreaus Interpretation der Kantischen Gottesbeweiskritik // Le Dieu des philosophes / Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie. 1972. Bd. 54. S. 37—88. 12. Schmucker J. On the Development of Kant's Transcendental Theology. / ed. L. W. Beck. Proceedings of the Third International Kant Congress. Dordrecht, 1972. P. 495—500. 13. Schmucker J. Die Ontotheologie des vorkritischen Kant. Berlin, 1980. 14. Schmucker J. Kants vorkritische ...

... в двух частях / под ред. В. С. Мяс­ни­кова. М., 2002. 11. Щедрина Т. Г. Архив эпохи: тематическое единство русской философии. М., 2008. 12. Lappo-Danilevsky A. The development of science and learning in Russia // Russian Realities & Problems. By Paul Milyoukov, Peter Struve, A. Lappo-Danilevsky, Roman Dmowski, and Harold Williams / ed. by J. D. Duff, Fellow of Trinity College. Cambridge: at the University Press,...

This article considers the key aspects of the development of contemporary Russian Kant studies and, in particular, the role of Vladimir Zhuchkov in it. 1. Васильев В. В. История философской психологии. Западная Европа — XVIII век. Калининград,...

This article provides a brief description of Sergey Hessen’s philosophy of law in connection with J. J. Rousseau’s idea of «common will» and Kant’s «autonomy of will». 1. Гессен С. И. Философия наказания // Логос. М.: Тип. Т-ва А. А. Левенсон, 1912—1913. Кн. 1, 2. С. 183—232. 2. Гессен С. И. Политические идеи жирондистов. М., 1917. 3. Гессен С. И. Основы педагогики. Введение в прикладную философию. М., 1995. 4. Гессен С. И. Лев Толстой как мыслитель // Гессен С. И. Избранные сочинения. М., 1998...

... which acts a method in Kant’s pragmatic anthropology. The essence of transcendental anthropology is the metaphysics of morals. This role of morals manifests itself in the primacy of practical reason over the theoretical one. The humanity owes its development and existence to the practical reason. In Kant’s system, morality is the essence of humanity. 1. Гартман Н. Этика. СПб., 2002. 2. Гуревич П. С. Философская антропология: учебное пособие....

... suggests that rationality has to be treated as one of the basic categories of liberal philosophy. Together with freedom and equality, rationality lies at the anthropological core of liberalism, which makes it stand out among other political theories. The development of the main models of rationality relied upon by various liberal theories is reviewed. 1. Вебер М. О некоторых категориях понимающей социологии // Избранные произведения....

... first part of the XIX century” is devoted to the studying of Kant’s philosophy in the Kharkov’s University at the first decades of XIX century. The importance of Kant’s philosophy in the professional philosophical sphere and influence on the development of motherland philosophical thought has been examined 1. Багалей Д. И. Опыт истории Харьковского университета (по неизданным мате­риалам): в 2 т. Харьков, 1904. ...

... interpretation by Yu. V. Rozhdestvensky are applied to the analysis of some fragments of N. O. Lossky's philosophical concept pertaining to the features of Russian culture in general and the originality of Russian philosophy in particular. The topic is developed through comparative digressions into the field of anthropological aspects of I. Kant's philosophy. 1. Брюшинкин В. Н. Сравнительное исследование западноевропейской и русской философии ...

The paper notes that the deduction of the a priori cognitive forms conducted by I. Kant was continued by E. Cassirer and М. Heidegger, who showed that the basis of a priori lies in certain ways of being of the man. Developing this approach to the interpretation of the basis a priori, the author of the paper shows that culture as a way of existence of meaningful being gives a rise to the initial (autochthonic) ideas which become its categorical language and arrange ...