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... reconstruction around Kant’s Idea for a Universal History from a Cosmopolitan Perspective, with a focus on the a priori ‘thread’ in history and not empirical history. Shpet’s general assessment of Kant’s contribution to the development of historical science is sharply negative: Kantianism is hostile to historicity, and it hinders the development of history as a science. An undeniable merit of Shpet’s investigation is that he demonstrates the historical context of Kant’s views — to which end ...

... ego”, “reality” and “experience”. Each problem involves, in one way or another, their assessment of Kant’s philosophical journey (especially in the theory of cognition). The modern context is provided by the philosophy and methodology of science, since the “conversation” between Shpet and Husserl throws new light on such key problems in the theory of knowledge as “human-sizedness”, “historicity” and continuity. Heidegger, M., 2001. Phenomenological Interpretations of ...

... of scientific observation. By focusing on the genre-stylistic and semantic-structural features of the text the authors demonstrate the mechanisms of observation as well as the methods of describing the results characteristic of mid-eighteenth century science. The authors consider Kant’s treatise to be a hybrid text: on the one hand, it attests to the importance of the natural science paradigm and the degree of its influence on the humanities in the modern period; and, on the other hand, it bears ...

... arguments. Brendel, E., 2004. Intuition Pumps and the Proper Use of Thought Experiments. Dialectica, 58(1), pp. 89-108. Brown, J. R., 1991. Thought Experiments: A Platonic Account. In: T. Horowitz and G. J. Massey, eds. 1991. Thought Experiments in Science and Philosophy. Savage, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. Brown, J. R., 2004. Why Thought Experiments Transcend Empiricism. In: C. Hitchcock, ed. 2004. Contemporary Debates in Philosophy of Science. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub, pp. 23-43. Broyles, J. E....

... analyzes receptions of phenomenological and neo-Kantian axiology trends in the interpretation of the concept and status of value in N. N. Alekseev’s philosophy of law. The author identifies the role of Neo-Kantian nomothetic—idiographic division of sciences proposed by the Southwest German school of Neo-Kantianism in interpreting the essence of law within Aleseev’s philosophy. It is shown that Alekseev uses Windelband's distinction between the due and the existing as a convenient methodological ...

... transcendental reflection, whereas J. Jungius’s “methodological criticism” requires that critique is grounded in immediate rather than reflective knowledge. Kant is a subjectivist, whereas J. Jungius is an objectivist and realist. For J. Jungius, the basic science is protonoetic philosophy (philosophia protonoetica), whose major task is to identify the elemental operations of mind and the underlying laws. These laws serve as the basis for critique, which is aimed against the critique of reasoning and is ...

... Merton’s and Thomas Kuhn’s approaches to the concept of paradigm. Whereas Merton identifies the function of a paradigm in analysing data obtained within a social study, Kuhn considers a paradigm as a key notion at a certain stage of the development of science – that of normal science. It is stressed that, despite differences in approaches, the theories do not contradict but rather complement each other. 1. Mamedov A. K., Rybakova V. V. Scientific problem as a factor of science development // Science ...

... L., Sandu G., Sevenster M. Independence-Friendly Logic a Game-Theoretic Approach. Cambridge, 2011. 3. Melliès P.-A., Abramsky S. Concurrent Games and Full Completeness // Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Symposium on Logic in Computer Science. Computer Science Press of the IEEE, 1999. P. 431—442. 4. Pietarinen A. Semantic Games in Logic and Epistemology // Logic, Epistemology and the Unity of Science. 2004. Vol. 1. P. 57—103. 5. Pietarinen A., Sandu G. Games in philosophical ...

... aspects of network form of interorganizational interaction, and embeddedness effects. 1. Alter C., Hage J. Organizations working together. Newbury Park, 1993. 2. Benson K. J. The Interorganizational Network as a Political Economy // Administrative Science Quarterly. 1975. Vol. 20, № 2. P. 229—249. 3. Bourdieu P. The forms of capital // Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. N. Y., 1986. P. 241—258. 4. Coleman J. Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital // ...

... University-Industry-Government Innovation in Action], translated by A. Uvarov, Tomsk, TUSUR. 6. Dezhina, I. 2011, Osobennosti rossijskoj «trojnoj spirali» otnoshenij mezhdu gosudarstvom, naukoj i biznesom [Features Russian «Tripal Helix» relations between the state, a science and business], Innovations, no. 4, p. 47—55. 7. Pilyasov, A. (ed.). 2012, Sinergija prostranstva: regional'nye innovacionnye sistemy, klastery i peretoki znanija [Space synergy: regional innovative systems, clusters and knowledge overflows],...

... University in 1972, ultimately dedicating nearly 52 years to the institution (now the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University). Gennady Fedorov mentored a generation of young researchers who continue his work. Dozens of PhDs, researchers and doctors of sciences consider him their teacher. Gennady Fedorov conducted extensive scientific research and organizational work. He was the chairman of the Dissertation Board for Geographical Sciences (I. Kant BFU) and a member of the Herzen RSPU (St. Petersburg)....

... how it conceptualizes the reader’s interest through discourse structures. The text materials were obtained experimentally. They consist of 104 pairs of expository text; each of the pairs includes a text published in an academic source and a popular science text created by the participant for provoking the reader’s interest. The comparative methods of empirical discourse analysis are used to identify and describe popularisation strategies. The results show that participants employed four strategies ...

... History of Philosophy. Translated by K. Haynes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 205-218. Hegel, G. W. F., 1977. Phenomenology of Spirit. Translated by A. V. Miller. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Husserl, E., 1970. The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology. An Introduction to Phenomenological Philosophy. Translated by D. Carr. Evanston: Northwestern University Press. Husserl, E., 1976a. Ideen zu einer reinen Phänomenologie und phänomenologischen Philosophie. Erstes ...

... contradiction and direct us toward interpreting the problems of the philosophy of language. Anonym, 2010. Lekcii po srednevekovoj filosofii [Lectures on Medieval Philosophy]. In: G. G. Shpet, 2010. Filosofija i nauka. Lekcionnye kursy [Philosophy and Science. Lecture courses]. Edited by T. G. Shchedrina. Moscow: ROSSPEN, pp. 353-397. (In Rus.) Chpet, G. G., 2007. La Forme interne du mot. Études et variations sur des thèmes de Humboldt. Traduction de N. Zavialoff, préface de M. Dennes. Paris: Kimé....

..., is encoded in a certain way in the nucleus of a fertilized egg. The principles of the unfolding of genetic information in the development of a multicellular embryo have long attracted the attention of both biologists and representatives of various sciences. While molecular biologists concentrate on the infor­ma­tional and cybernetic aspects of the storage and transmission of genetic information, the au­thors of biosemiotic studies insist on the specificity of biological signs in these processes ...

... that the divide between the humani­ties approach and the philosophical approach to the text lies in their methods. I emphasise that language has a synthesizing role within the philosophical approach to the text. Finally, I draw attention to the ‘science of communication’, within which the message as a whole is conceptualized. Avdeev, A., 2009. Zhitie prepodobnogo Paisiya Galichskogo [The life of Saint Paisii Galichski. Investigations and texts]. Moscow: PSTGU Publishing House (in Russ.)....

... Cognition, 10, pp. 82—93. Benjamin, A., 2012, Translation and ambiguity: towards a reformulation. Austral­ian Association for Literary Translation Review, 5, pp. 39—46. Black, M., 1937. Vagueness: An exercise in logical analysis. Philosophy of Science, 4, pp. 427—455. Camp, E., 2006. Metaphor and That Certain ‘Je Ne Sais Quoi’. Philosophical Stu­dies, 129, pp. 1—25. Chomsky, N., 1957. Syntactic Structures. The Hague: Mouton de Gruyter. Chomsky, N., 2000. New Horizons in the Study of ...

... silence. In: S. S. Khoruzhii, ed. Sinergiya: Problemy asketiki i mistiki pravoslaviya [Synergy: Problems of asceticism and mysticism of Orthodoxy]. Moscow. pp. 151- 176. 7. Geronimus A., archpriest, 2003. Orthodox theology and the ways of fundamental science. In: Khristianstvo i nauka [Christianity and Science]. Moscow. pp. 208—256. 8. Geronimus A., archpriest, 2014. Rozhdenie ot Dukha. Chto znachit zhit' v pravoslavnom Predanii [Birth from the Spirit. What does it mean to live in Orthodox]. Moscow....

... p. 32. 16. Zolyan, S. T., 2014. Semantika i struktura poeticheskogo teksta [Semantics and structure of poetic text]. Moscow. pp. 42—43. 17. Zolyan, S. T., 2016. Semiotics and pragmasemantics of political discourse. Politicheskaya nauka [Political science], 3, pp. 47—77. 18. Il'in, M. V., 2002. Political discourse as a subject of analysis. Politicheskaya nauka [Political science], 3, pp. 11—12. 19. Kartsev, D. Bol'she, chem partiya. Chto pokazali vybory v Gollandii [More than a party. What ...

Constructive (productive) thinking in the critical philosophy of Hermann Cohen differs significantly from the seemingly similar speculative thinking in J. G. Fichte’s Science of Knowledge (Wissenschaftslehre) (1794/95). The fundamental characteristics of scientific thinking in Cohen’s teaching include: purity, focus on the “fact of science”, the origin (Ursprung), the infinitesimal method, continuity, movement,...

... li Kant na somnenija Juma [The Problem of Causality in Hume and Kant: Did Kant Answer Hume’s Doubts]. Kiev: Tipografija Imperatorskogo universiteta sv. Vladimira. (In Rus.) Shpet, G. G., 1991. Appearance and Sense: Phenomenology as the Fundamental Science and Its Problems. Translated by T. Nemeth. Dordrecht, Boston & London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Shpet, G. G., 1996. Letter to E. Husserl dated February 26, 1914. Logos, 7, pp. 123-128. (In Rus.) Shpet, G. G., 1997. A Work on Philosophy. Russian ...

... Cambridge University Press, pp. 312-316. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason, translated and edited by P. Guyer, A. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2002. Prolegomena to any Future Metaphysics: That Will Be Able to Come Forward as Science. In: I. Kant, 2002. Theoret­ical Philosophy after 1781, edited by H. Allison, P. Heath. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 29-171. Katrechko, S. L., 2008. Ding-Ontology of Aristotle vs. Sachverhalt-Ontology of Wittgenstein. In: A. Hieke ...

Immanuel Kant never considered the problems of medicine as a science in his works, however, his critical philosophy became highly influential in the late 18th century as to the issues of medical theory. The German physician and philosopher Johann Benjamin Erhard was first to address the theoretical status of contemporary ...

Cassirer’s critique of Russell’s philosophy of mathematics and the Neo-Kantian philosophy of science and mathematics as a whole is of special relevance in the context of modern mathematics and mathematical physics. The fact that the modern standard axiomatic architecture of mathematical theories does not take into account the object-based character ...

In his treatise On General Speculative Philosophy, J. N. Tetens sets out to justify the possibility and necessity of metaphysics as a general speculative science. His primary objective is to defend metaphysics against the opponents, the most serious of which, in Tetens’s opinion, is D. Hume. In this connection, Tetens sharply criticises traditional empiricism and develops a new perspective on experience ...

The formation of science and its separation from metaphysics are among the key characteristics of the early modern period. This separation faces a particular problem with conceptualization of body, which, while being a physical body, is closely bound up with spirit. ...

Drawing on a comparative analysis of current research and academic literature published in Russia and the United States, I describe the stages of the development of forensic science in the two countries. I analyse the structure and major areas of modern criminalistics. Special attention is paid to the relevant philosophical and methodological framework and the functions of forensic science. I give a detailed account of Russian ...

... L. Statistical Mechanics of Complex Networks // Re­views of Modern Physics. 2002. № 74 (1). P. 47—97. 11. Aroca P., Azzoni C., Sarrias M. Regional concentration and national economic growth in Brazil and Chile // Letters in Spatial and Resource Sciences. 2018. № 11 (3). P. 343—359. 12. Baldwin R. E., Martin P. Agglomeration and regional growth // Hender­son J. V., Thisse J. F. (eds.). Handbook of regional and urban economics. Vol. 4 : Cities and geography. North Holland, 2004. 13. Balland ...

... man-made radionuclides by lichens and mushrooms // Radiat Environ Biophys. 1986. N 25(1). P. 43—54. 4. Baeza A., Guille F. J., Salas A., Manjo J. L. Distribution of radionuclides in different parts of a mushroom: Influence of the degree of maturity // Science of the Total Environment. 2006. N 359. P. 255—266. 5. Malinowska E., Szefer P., Bojanowski R. Radionuclides content in Xerocomus ba-dius and other commercial mushrooms from several regions of Poland // Food Chemistry. 2006. N 97. P. 19—24....

... forecasting the development of exclave’s economy under different scenarios of the evolution of SEZ in the Kaliningrad region. 1. Batten, D. F. 1982, The Interregional Linkages Between National and Regional Input-Output Models, International Regional Science Review, no. 7, p. 53—67. 2. Fedorov, G., Korneevets, V., Zverev, Yu. 2011, Kaliningrad oblast of Russia in the transborder region South-Eastern Baltic, Regiony Nadmorskie, no. 19. 3. Gareev, T. 2013, The Special economic zone in the Kaliningrad ...

... they are involved in a large number of international cluster initiatives. The author identifies the factors contributing to the formation of international clusters in the Baltic Sea region. 1. Asheim, B. T., Coenen, L., Moodysson, J. 2009, The Life Science Cluster of Medicon Valley, Scandinavia. In: Jonathan, P., Gabriela, M. Clusters, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Paris, OECD publishing, p. 131—154. 2. Baltic Supply, official website, available at: http://www.balticsupply.eu/ (accessed 17 ...

... Politologija, 1995. №   1 (6). P. 13—21. 6.      Lopata R. Sirutavičius V . Lithuania and Kaliningrad Oblast: a Clearer Frame for Cooperation // Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review , 1999. №   3. P. 51—66; Lithua­nian Political Science Yearbook 1999 . Vilnius, 2000. P. 266—276. 7.      Lopata R. Joenniemi P. Sirutavičius V. Vilpišauskas R . Impact Assesment of Lithuania’s Integration into the EU on Relations between Lithuania and Kaliningrad Oblast of the The Russian ...

The article studies the onomastic space of the science fiction trilogy “People as Gods” by the Soviet science fiction writer of the second half of the 20th century. Literary abionyms related to the habitats of the heroes of the work are in the focus of the research. It is noted that the space ...

... resources allow for the shaping of new norms for the youth of Latin American and Caribbean countries. 1. Eriksson J., Giacomello G. The Information Revolution, Security and International Relations: (IR) Relevant Theory? // International Political Science Review, 2006. Vol. 27, № 3. Р. 221—244. 2. Brereton E. Communications review. Exploring telecom markets in Latin America // A journal for telecom, cable, satellite and Internet executives. 2011. Vol. 16, № 2. Р. 1—52. 3. Srinivasan S....