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... Depopulation in Latvia // Geografiski Raksti/Folia Geographica. 2007. Vol. 13. P. 169—174. 8. Faist T. The Volume and Dynamics of International Migration and Transnational Social Spaces. Oxford, 2000. 9. Favell A. The New Face of East-West Migration in Europe// Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies. 2008. Vol. 34, № 5. P. 701—716. 10. Federal Statistical Office of Germany, Department for Work and Pensions.URL: www.destatis.de (дата обращения: 31.03.2014). 11. Findlay A., Geddes ...

... [Guiding Principles for Sustainable Spatial Development of the European continent and measures for their implementation], 2003. In: Materialy pjatoj konferencii «Okruzhajushhaja sreda dlja Evropy» [Proceedings of the fifth Conference «Environment for Europe»], Kiev, Ukraine, 21—23 May 2003. 9. Pertsik, E. N. 2006, Rajonnaja planirovka (territorial'noe planirovanie) [Regional planning (spatial planning)], Moscow, 398 p. 10. Pilyasov, A. N. 2009, I poslednie stanut pervymi: Severnaja periferija ...

This article focuses on a commodity flow model for an exclave region (CFMER). The CFMER development is aimed at identifying aggregate proportions of the exclave’s economy in the transitional period of the special economic zone (SEZ) functioning. The key method of analysis is the comparison of data on the generation of gross regional product and regional foreign economic activities (including export and import of goods and moving goods from/into the Kaliningrad region to other Russian regions). It...

... development of the Kaliningrad region as a Russian exclave region], PhD Thesis, Kaliningrad, Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University. 31. Smorodinskaya, N. V. 2001, Kaliningrad v uslovijah ob#edinenija Evropy: vyzov i otvet [Kaliningrad in terms of uniting Europe: challenge and response], Voprosy Economiki, no. 11, p. 106—127. 32. Soglashenie po voprosam svobodnyh (special'nyh, osobyh) jekonomicheskih zon na tamozhennoj territorii tamozhennogo sojuza i tamozhennoj procedury svobodnoj tamozhennoj zony ...

International trade is an important factor affecting competition in domestic markets. Considering the vastness of Russian territory, one can expect the pro-competitive effect to vary from region to region. This analysis tests the hypothesis that the unique geographical position and economic status of the Kaliningrad region contribute to the rapid development of international trade, which, in turn, exerts competitive pressure on regional prices. The study incorporates two major lines of analysis:...

The shipbuilding industry clusters in the Eastern Baltic Sea region, i. e. Estonia, Finland and North-West Russia, may benefit significantly from increased mutual cooperation; however, the international networks between the clusters are still poorly developed. The aim of this article is to analyse the preconditions for cluster internationalization between these clusters, which are rather different but complementary in terms of skills. The research material for this desk study was collected from various...

This article concerns the role that international cooperation in research, technology, and innovation plays in ensuring innovative development and producing an innovative model of the Russian economy. One of the key objectives of the country’s integration into international research, technological, and innovative space is the development of Russia-EU cooperation in the Baltic region. It is established that, with the development of integration connections and regionalization processes, interorganizational...

... Germanija v gody vojny i mira [Russia and Germany during the war and peace], Mosxow, Geya, p. 26—95. 3. Sovetsko-pol'skie otnoshenija v politicheskih uslovijah Evropy 30-h godov XX stoletija [The Soviet-Polish relations in the political conditions of Europe 30-ies of XX century], 2001, Moscow, Nauka. 4. Materialy «Osoboj papki» Politbjuro CK RKP(b) — VKP(b) po voprosu sovetsko-pol'skih otnoshenij v 1923—1944 g [Materials "Special Folders" the Politburo of the Central Committee of ...

... Lithuania and Poland, Viesoji politika ir administravimas, no. 29, p. 28—40. 9. Matonyte, I. 2013, «Elites» Games in the Field of Memory: Insights from Lithuania’. In: Mink, G. Neumayer, L. (eds.) History, Memory and Politics in Central and Eastern Europe. Memory Games, London, Palgrave Macmillan, p. 105—120. 10. Ramonaite, A. 2003, The end of the Left-Right dicourse in Lithuania? Lithuanian Political Science Yearbook 2002, p. 23—45. 11. Smelser, N. J. 2001, Psychological trauma and cultural ...

... available at: http://www. minregion.ru/activities/international_relations/Cross-border_coop/ (accessed 08 July 2013 г.). 19. Yarovoi, G. О. 2007, Regionalizm i transgranichnoe sotrudnichestvo v Evrope [Regionalism and cross-border Cooperation in Europe], Saint Petersburg, NORMA. 20. Vardomsky, L. B. 2009, Rossijskoe porubezh'e v uslovijah globalizacii [Russian porubezhe in the context of globalization], Moscow, LIBROKOM. 21. Belov, A. Ye. 2009, Pogranichnaja regionalistika [The border regionalism],...

... available at: http://www.rusfact.ru/news/latvija_i_litva_ot_sovetskoj_zagranicy_do_zadvorok_evrosojuza/2011-06-09-4227 (accessed 30 May 2012). 2. Potyomkina, D. Latvia, 2013, Bulletin on European and CIS Studies EU Budget 2014—2020: Views from across Europe after 7—8 February 2013, Moscow, Institut Evropy RAN [Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of science], 26 p. 3. Mezhevich, N. M. 2013, Rossija ne gotova "vernut' Latviju" i potom spasat' sel'skoe hozjajstvo Latgalii [Russia ...

... Papers. 15. Brasili, C., Gutierrez, L. 2004, Regional Convergence Across European Union, EconPapers: Development and Comp Systems, 0402002. 16. Förster, M., Jesuit, D., Smeeding, T. Regional Poverty and Income Inequality in Central and Eastern Europe: Evidence from the Luxembourg Income Study. In: Kanbur, R, Venables, A. J. (eds), Spatial Inequality and Development, Oxford University Press, 2005. 17. Paas, T., Kuusk, A., Schlitte, F. 2004, Modelling Regional Income Convergence in EU-25, University ...

... December 17. 11. Internal Security Strategy for the European Union. Towards a European model of security, 2012, September, available at: http://www. consilium. europa. eu/ (accessed 17 December 2012). 12. The Stockholm Programme — An open and secure Europe serving and protecting the citizens, 2010, Official Journal of the European Union, Series C, no. 15, May 4. 13. Communication from the Commission — Draft Decision of the European Parliament and of the Council of the EU Civil Protection Mechanism,...

... Social'no-ekonomicheskoe i geopoliticheskoe razvitie Kaliningradskoj oblasti [Socio-economic and geopolitical development of the Kaliningrad region], Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad State University. 6. Саstel (du), V. 2007, De Königsberg à Kaliningrad: L’Europe face á un nouveau «Départament d’Outre terre» russe sur la Baltique, Paris, L’Harmattan. 7. Joenniemi, P., Dewar, S. and Lyndelle, D. 2000, Fairlie The Kalininigrad Puzzle — A Russian Region within the European Union, Karlkrona, Sweden,...

... 89 (4341), 11 June, available at: http://arhiv. bb. lv/index. php?p=1 %20i=4464 %20s=%20a=162798&i=5125&s=1&a=186300 (accessed 30 January 2013). 6. Otrasl', otkryvajushhaja vorota mezhdu Evropoj i Vostokom [The branch, which opens the gate between Europe and the Orient], ZL. LV, available at:http://balticexportcom-statja. zl. lv/nozare-kas-atver-vartus-starp-eiropu-unaustrumiem/ (accessed 30 January 2013). 7. Iedzīvotāji — Galvenie rādītāji [Population — Key Indicators], 2013, Latvijas ...

... increase energy and system efficiency: a mass pilot comparison, VaasaETT Global Energy Think Tank, available at: http://www. esmig.eu/press/filestor/empower-demand-report. pdf (accessed 17 January 2013). 5. Vasconcelos, J. 2009, Energy regulation in Europe: regulatory policies and politics of regulation, European review of energy markets, Vol. 3, no. 3, October, available at: http://www-55.mech. kuleuven. be/european-review-of-energymarket/EREM_9-_Comment_Jorge_Vasconcelos. pdf (accessed 17 January ...

Integration is one of the main consequences of globalization. Elements of microsystems are growing closer, which brings to the foreground problems of interaction and — in a longer perspective — those of close cooperation between different social systems. The article considers the case of North-West Russia, the only territory having a common border with the EU, in order to examine the issue of Russia using the geographical factor, which Otto von Bismarck called the most powerful and intrinsic factor...

... will reduce the price of gas for Latvia], 2010, Kommersant, 18 August, available at: http://www. kommersant.ru/Doc-rss/1489420 (accessed 25 December 2012). 33. Topalov, А. 2010, Pol'sha i «Gazprom» rasserdili Evropu [Poland and «Gazprom» angered Europe], Gazeta. Ru, 1 November, available at: http://www.gazeta. ru/business/2010/11/01/3433948.shtml (accessed 25 December 2012). 34. EU energy trends to 2030 — Update 2009, European Comission, Directorate-General for Energyin collaboration with ...

... pod voprosom [Japanese nuclear industry — the future in question], 2013, Atomic-Energy. ru, 6 March, available at: http://www. atomic-energy. ru/print/40297 (accessed 13 March 2013). 2. Bobylev, B. I. Atomnaja jenergetika Evropy [Nuclear Energy in Europe], Collegiate Fund of Russia Russika. Ru, available at: http://www. russika,ru/sa. php?s=2 (accessed 18 March 2013). 3. Social'no-jekonomicheskaja situacija zastavit Germaniju povernut'sja licom k atomnoj jenergetike: jekspert [The socio-economic ...

This article explores Russian energy policy in the Baltic Sea region in the context of the world energy market globalization. The study focuses on the three Baltic States — Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia — which have a similar geographical location and history. The dynamic development of the region as a whole is strongly influenced by the stability of energy supply in each state. The article analyses the role Russia plays in the energy policy of the region from both geopolitical and geostrategic...

... An EU Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region: Good Intensions Meet Complex Challenges, European Policy Analysis, no. 9, p. 1—11. 3. Consumetric. Estonian Tourism Board information, 2009, available at: www.consumetric.ee (accessed 15 Nevember 2012). 4. Europe‘s Strategy for the Baltic Sea Region, 2009, European Comission, SEC 712/2. 5. European Tourism 2010: Trends and Prospects, 2010, Quarterly Report, 3Q, 28 p. 6. Demunter, Ch., Dimitrakopoulou, Ch. 2010, Camping Holidays in the European Union, ...

Marine spatial planning has been widely applied in the leading maritime countries. However, it is not so common in Russia, since the relevant legal framework is largely absent. Spatial planning shares a number of features with marine planning, especially when it comes to the tools, principles, and methods. The differences mainly concern characteristics of the planning object; principles of delineating the borders of territories and water areas; and the authorities responsible for regulation. The...

The article focuses on the basic tools of Russia-EU international cooperation, cofunded by the EU and Russia, such as crossborder, trans-border, and trans-national cooperation programmes, which can contribute to innovative, scientific and technological development. The author gives an overview of large-scale Russia-EU international cooperation projects in the field of innovations and comments on the cooperation programme running until the end of 2013. Special attention is paid to a special financial...

..., as well as in the field of research and education (including cultural aspects). The author analyses the current state of the EU-Russia dialogue (section 1), East-West cooperation in the framework of the Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe (section 2), and the position of the Council of Europe member states on the European Court for Human Rights (section 3). The author comes to a conclusion that the concept of “common values” is to a great degree fictitious, and its viability ...

This article examines the processes of international research cooperation in the Baltic Sea region. It focuses on research works published in the leading periodicals in 1993—2012. The empirical material is collected from the world’s largest abstract and citation database, SciVerse Scopus, which makes it possible to evaluate macroindicators at the national and global levels as well as the contribution of scholars to the global progress. The article also offers an assessment of the efficiency of research...

This article sets out to analyse the role of the Kaliningrad region in the Polish foreign policy after 1989. The analysis focuses on the political and regional determinants, which had the greatest impact on the Poland-Kaliningrad region relations. The methodology used in the article is not unusual for political science and is based on analysing original (documents) and secondary (scholarly publications, press articles) sources. The authors also use the system and decision analysis methods. The analysis...

... Yearbook], 1987, Moscow, Finansy i statistika. 3. Putin, V. V. 2000, Rossija na rubezhe tysjacheletij [Russia at the turn Millennium], Kaliningradskaja Pravda, 12 January. 4. Salmin, А. М. 1999, Rossija, Evropa i novyj mirovoj porjadok [Russia, Europe and the New World Order], Polis, no. 2, p. 10—31. 5. Bashkatova, А. 2011, Ottok kapitala i utechka mozgov — vmesto razvitija [Capital flight and brain drain — instead of development], Nezavisimaja gazeta [Independent newspaper], 9 June....

... countries in order to strengthen the participation of small and medium business in R&D and innovation, describe conditions which are necessary for unlocking innovative potential, identify new industries that might become drivers of innovative economy in Europe. The authors also offer a country-specific list of basic markets, which can be developed by small and medium enterprises in a short-term perspective. In the structure of the Baltic Sea region a special position is held by the Nordic countries — ...

... Socio-technical Analysis, N. Y., Edward Elgar Publishing. 36. Lundvall, B. 2010, National Systems of Innovation: Toward a Theory of Innovation and Interactive Learning, N. Y., Anthem Press. 37. Nauwelaers, C., Wintjes, R. 2005, Innovation Policy in Europe: Measurement and Strategy, N. Y., Edward Elgar Publishing. 38. Nelson, R. 1993, National Innovation Systems: a comparative analysis, Oxford University Press. Voloshenko Ksenya 10.5922/2079-8555-2012-4-2 16-28 scientific and technological ...

Latvia’s participation in the process of integration and globalization within the European Uni on creates a need to improve tools of competitiveness and management assessment of the country’s regions. It also requires the development of common approaches to sel ection criteria, competition indicators and assessment tools at the micro-, meso-, and macro-levels. This study identifies the development stage of Latvia’s regions and considers methods as well as experience of evaluation and improvement...

... Presidency Conclusions, Lisbon European Council, 23—24 March, 2000, available at: http://www.consilium.europa.eu/uedocs/cms_data/docs/pressdata/en/ec/00100-r1.en0.htm (accessed 01 June 2012). 9. Bechev, I. et al. 2010, Science, technology and innovation in Europe, Luxembourg, Publications Office of the European union. 10. Kornecki, J., Lisowska R. and Ropega J. 2007, Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Poland, Lodz, Foundation for Promotion of Entereneurship. 11. Rossija i strany mira [Russia and world countries],...

... Jekologija — zolotaja zhila dlja biznesa [Ecology — a gold mine for business], Harvard Business Review (Russia), available at: http://hbr-russia.ru/article/2587 (accessed 15 May 2012). 8. Reid, A., Miedzinski, M. 2008, Sectoral Innovation Watch in Europe: Eco-Innovation (Final report), SYSTEMATIC Innovation Panel on ecoinnovation for sectoral innovation watch, available at: http://www.technopolis-group.com/resources/downloads/661_report_final.pdf/ (accessed 7 May 2012). 9. George Soros on the Clean-Energy ...

The harmonisation of economic interests is one of the essential preconditions for the development of enterprises, including small ones. As practice shows, the harmonisation of major interests of small innovative business requires not only market instruments, but also state regulation, which demands the development of a corresponding mechanism. This study sets out to develop and justify the macroeconomic mechanism of development of small innovative enterprises on the basis of harmonisation of basic...

... E., 1961, Jekonomicheskaja istorija zarubezhnyh stran [The economic history of foreign countries], Moscow, Izd-vo Sotzjekgiz, 400 p. 4. Samarkin, V. V., 1976, Istoricheskaja geografija Zapadnoj Evropy v srednie veka [Historical Geography of Western Europe during the Middle Ages], Moscow, Izd-vo Vysshaja shkola, 249 p. 5. Starodubrovskaya, M. A., 2005, Razvitie zapadnoi jekonomicheskoj mysli sozyal’no-politicheskom kontekste [Development of Western economic thought in the socio-political context],...

... ledykla. 4. Troebst, S. 2004, «Kakoj takoj kover?» Kul'tura pamjati v postkommunisticheskih obwestvah Vostochnoj Evropy. Popytka obwego opisanija i kategorizacii ["What is this carpet?" Culture of memory in post-communist societies of Eastern Europe. An attempt to describe and categorize the total], Ab Imperio: Studies of New Imperial History and Nationalism in the Post-Soviet Space, no 4, p. 41—77. 5. Assmann, A. 2006, Der lange Schatten der Vergangenheit: Erinnerungskultur und Geschichtspolitik,...

... In: Kulmala, M., Päiviö, L. (eds.). Northern Dimension, Poland and the New Neighbours, Helsinki, The Finnish Commission for European Security (STETE), p. 132—136. 14. Joenniemi, P., Sergunin, A. 2011, Another Face of Integration: City Twinning in Europe, Research Journal of International Studies, no. 22, p. 120—131. 15. Joenniemi, P., Sergunin, A. 2011, City-Twinning in Northern Europe: Challenges and Opportunities, Saarbrücken, Lambert Academic Publishing. 16. Jussila, H. 1997, Building of ...

... Mirovaya ekonomika i mezhdunarodnye otnosheniya [World Economy and International Relations], no. 7, p. 30—39. 2. Volkov, A. M. 2005, Shvecija: investicionnaja model' v dejstvii [Sweden: The investment model in action], Sovremennaja Evropa [Modern Europe], no. 1, p. 54—62. 3. Kuznetsov, A. V. (ed). 2008, ES i Rossija: ot prjamyh kapitalovlozhenij k investicionnomu sotrudnichestvu [The EU and Russia: From direct investment to investment cooperation], Moscow, Nauka. 4. Kokorina, E. V. 2011, Ekonomicheskie ...

This article is dedicated to the development of European unity in Central Europe and Scandinavia as a mechanism of collective security and intergovernmental cooperation development. The cultural and historical features of Central Europe and Scandinavia emphasize the need for a comparative study into the European idea. This ...

... Center for Economic Studies and Ifo Institute for Economic Research, no. 1048, University of London. 3.Bruszt, L. 2000, Constituting Markets: The Case of Russia and Check Republic.In: Dobry, M. (eds), Democratic and Capitalist Transitions in Eastern Europe, Kluwer Academic Publishers. 4. Drazen, A. 2000, Political Economy in Macroeconomics, Princeton, Princeton University Press. 5. Economic expert, available at: http://www.economicexpert.com/ (accessed 05 September 2011). 6. Gagliardi, F. 2008,...

Germany is one of the principal partners of the Russian Federation. The Kaliningrad region plays a significant role in the development of partnership between the two countries, but the existing opportunities for development are not fully exploited. This article analyses the development, current state and prospects of an increasing role of the region in Russian-German cooperation. The authors emphasize the role of the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University as one of the leaders in the development...

This article compares the research and innovation potential of Russia in general, the Northwestern federal district and the Baltics (Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia) and explores the opportunities for cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Baltics in the field of innovations. The authors identify possible areas of cooperation and describe its mechanisms. 1. Zverev, Yu. М., Batorshina, I. А., Megem, М. Ye. 2011, Nauchnotehnologicheskoe razvitie Litvy i perspektivy sotrudnichestva v innovacionnoj...

After Lithuanian accession to the European Union and NATO, a cross-party political consensus has existed regarding the state’s foreign policy objectives. Against this background, the Žalgiris national resistance movement, which was established by eminent politicians, journalists, and public figures in 2009, posed a certain intellectual challenge. This article concentrates on the development of a new foreign policy philosophy — the focal point of the interviews, round tables and press conferences...

Having transferred the title on visas, asylum, immigration and other policies related to free movement of persons from the third pillar into the Treaty on European Community, the Amsterdam Treaty vested legislative power in the European Community in the fields of international civil procedure and private international law. On the basis of this power, the European Community enacted a series of Regulations, which will soon unify both areas of law. Such unification will not only facilitate legal relations...

This article analyses the role of Russia — the North-West federal district — in the New North concept, which encompasses new political relations in the North of Europe in the framework of international organisations and regional cooperation — for instance, the Northern Dimension. 1. Beloborodova, I. N. 2000. POLIS, № 4, pp. 163—166. 2. V Gosdume projdet «kruglyj stol» na temu realizacii «dorozhnyh ...

This article compares the dynamics, content and character of education system modernization in Russia, Poland, and Lithuania. It is shown that the education systems of Russia, Poland, and Lithuania differ substantially in the secondary and higher education structure, sources of financing, and strategic development directions. 1. Prognoz nauchno-tehnologicheskogo razvitija Rossijskoj Federacii na dolgosrochnuju perspektivu (proekt ot 18.12.2008 g.). [online] Available at: <mon.gov. ru/work/ nti/dok>...

This article offers a comparative assessment of the Baltic region countries on the basis of three groups of indicators — indicators of economic and research potential, indicators of dynamics of economic and research potential development, and indicators of economic and innovation potential of the states of the region. The author emphasises the need for Russia to cooperate with other countries of the region in the field of innovations as well as the possible role for the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal...

This paper analyzes the features of the global financial crisis in the Baltic states, shows the differences between the countries in the process of its development, and examines changes in the mass consciousness of the political establishment in the countries considered. 1. Baltijskij kurs. 1996. № 2. [online] Available at: &lt;http://www. baltic-course.com/rus/&gt; (Accessed 11 January 2011). 2. Baltijskij kurs. 2009. № 1. [online] Available at: &lt;http://www. baltic-course.com/rus/&gt;...

This article examines the current state of the groundwater system monitoring in the Novgorod region. The groundwater monitoring observations serve as the basis for prediction assessment of water resources. The efficiency of water resource management largely depends on the comprehensiveness and reliability of information on the groundwater condition.The existing groundwater monitoring system has proven to be incapable of fully implementing its functions. It requires a fundamental reorganization and...

The Baltic Sea is a unique ecological system, an integral part of the global ecological system, which is in urgent need of protection from destructive anthropogenic impact stemming from the production and consumption of nuclear energy and artificial radionuclides, agriculture, oil and oil product transportation, and sewage and solid waste treatment. The article outlines the main environmental problems of the Baltic Seas and the ways to solve them. 1. Emelyanov, E. M. 1995. Baltic Sea: geology, geochemistry...