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... analysis of birth and mortality rates in 1995 and 2010 for 140 countries against the global average, and for the Baltic Sea states against the European average. The grouping of countries and the analysis of changes over the given period confirmed a number of demographic development trends and the persistence of wide territorial disparities in major indicators. The authors identify opposite trends in ranking based on the standardised birth (country consolidation at the level of averaged values) and ...

... lies in the characteristics of the planning object, the principles of delineating the borders of territories and water areas and the authorities of governing bodies. Marine space, its parts, and sea (water) use types and regulation are covered by a number of laws of the Russian Federation. However, an integral mechanism of marine planning has not been developed at the legislative level. The Strategy for the Development of Maritime Activities until 2030 sets the task of developing the tools of marine ...

... shortage. The attempts of the republic’s leadership to solve the problems of labour shortage through organised labour migration and labour mobilisation yielded no significant results. The appeals to the Centre with the request to send a substantial number of specialists and workers to Lithuania were heard, but a state ravaged by war did not have sufficient human resources. One of the solution was the use of labour of German prisoners of war. A network of prisoner-of-war camps was established in ...

... independence This article analyses the issues of development of peaceful nuclear power. The author pays attention to the fact that nuclear power as a rather young branch of national economy, however, over recent decades, it has seen rises and falls and a number of states have had tragic experiences of nuclear emergencies; nevertheless, the interest in development, generation, and application of nuclear power is strong in many countries, including the Baltics. In the Baltics, nuclear power dates back to ...

... data of the Central Department of Statistics), which emphasises the considerable practical significance of the work. The author offers an innovative approach to the issues of cross-border cooperation covering the period from the late 90s to 2012. The number of research works on regional cross-border cooperation between NGOs is not sufficient, wh ereas the existing studies are few and focus on cooperation between individual organisations. The author has fulfilled the difficult task of identifying the ...

... need to take their interests into account to ensure the functioning of the Russian exclave. The author substantiates the thesis that the Russian region is an enclave of the European Union (but not NATO) and an exclave of the Russian Federation and a number of political and economic intergovernmental alliances with Russian participation. The article offers a generalized characteristic of the Kaliningrad region from the perspective of its enclavity/exclavity.

... and justice has been one of the most dynamic fields of European integration. At the same time, of special interest are the external aspects of this process, which affect not only the internal development of the European Union, but also a significant number of third countries, including Russia. This article considers efforts towards control over the flow of immigrants and refugees as an important component of the external dimension of the space of freedom, security, and justice – an independent ...

Анализируется проблема военно-тактической подготовки членов Союза стрелков Литвы (ССЛ) к партизанской войне в 1920—1930-е гг. Малые страны, такие как Литва или другие Балтийские государства, не имея возможности создать мощную армию, обеспечивающую национальную безопасность, вынуждены были искать нестандартные (с точки зрения традиционных методов) способы ведения войны, в том числе использование партизанской стратегии. В исследовании акцентируется распространение концепции партизанской войны в периодической...

... 2002). Presidency Con­clusions// Bulletin of the European Union. 2002. N 12. Р. 8—9. 20. Dinan D. Europe Recast: A History of European Union. London , 2004. Р . 267—268. 21. Eurobarometer . Public opinion in the European Union. Report Number 47. Brussels, 1997. 22. Friis L., Jarosz-Friis A. Countdown to Copenhagen. Big Bang or Fizzle in the EU’s Enlargement Process? Copenhagen, 2002. Р. 50. 23. Grabbe H. Profiting from EU Enlargement. London , 2001. 24. Grabbe H. What new ...

Рассматриваются аргументы «за» и «против» использования наукометрии — формализованных показателей, определяющих развитие и результативность науки, среди которых важнейшее место занимают показатели публикационной активности. В фокусе оказываются различные субъекты, заинтересованные в объективной оценке знания или степени его обоснованности. В первой части статьи внимание акцентировано на аргументах научного сообщества. Демонстрируется, что возникновение наукометрии как формализации публикационной...

В статье сформулированы критерии классификации концепций аргументации, основанные на двух ее аспектах, рассмотренных каждый в двух ракурсах. Первый критерий – это объект и предмет исследования аргументации, позволяющий выделить три направления в исследования аргументации: два теоретических – познавательное, фокусирующееся на рассуждении, и дискурсивное, где в центре находится убеждение, и прикладное, представляющее собой совокупность техник влияния социально-коммуникативного характера. В зависимости...

... possible worlds theory. In this paper we aim to consider the approaches developed by Geach, Adams and Plantinga. While admitting that each of them has made a significant contribution to the refinement of the concept of omnipotence, we still point out a number of important challenges that these authors were not able to overcome.

... parts: the first briefly outlines some of the propositions of System Model of Argumentation advanced by V.N. Bryushinkin, its generalized version, and a cognitive approach to argumentation; the second part introduces on the basis of these propositions a number of additional distinctions and proposes classification of varieties of argumentation, as well as cognitive characteristics of its recipients. In the development of the concepts of the subject and recipient of argumentation put forward the concept ...

... Kurfürstliches Schloß zu Mainz, 1990. Band II, 2. Ed. Gerhard Funke. Bonn/Berlin: Bouvier Verlag, 1991, 723-741 2. Bettoni, Marco C. Constructivist Foundations of Modeling - A Kantian perspective // International Journal of Intelligent Systems, Vol. 12, Number 8, 1998, 577-595; 3. Brook, Andrew. Kant and Cognitive Science. http://www.carleton.ca/~abrook/KNT-CGSC.htm 4. Bryushinkin, Vladimir. ‘Critique of Pure Reason’ and Methods of Designing Intellectual Systems // Kantovskii Sbornik. Vol. 14....

.... Дворецкий И.Х. Латинско-русский словарь. М.: Русский язык. 1976. 5. Денежкин А. Реплика. // Логос. 2000 №1. [Электронный ресурс] URL: http://www.ruthenia.ru/logos/number/2000_1/2000_07.html. 6. Кант И. Критика чистого разума // Кант И. Собр. соч. в 6 томах. Т. 3. М.: Мысль. 1964. 7. Кант И. Логика // Кант И. Трактаты и письма. М....

... problem in logic, image of logic, psychology, cognitive science, problem of demarcation of logic and cognitive science The article discusses conceptual aspects of the problem of psychologism in logic. Based on conducted analysis the author proposes the number demarcation criteria of logic and cognitive science.

... Кембриджских конференций 1898 года. М.: РГГУ, 2005. 371 с. 2. Colapietro V.M. C.S. Peirce's Rhetorical Turn // Transactions of the Charles S. Peirce Society: A Quarterly Journal in American Philosophy - Volume 43, Number 1, Winter 2007, pp. 16-52. 3. Goldstein M, Crowell A., Kuhn D. What Constitutes Skilled Argumentation and How Does it Develop? // Informal logic, Vol. 29, No. 4 (2009), pp. 379-395 (http://www.phaenex.uwindsor.ca/ojs/leddy/in-dex.php/informal_logic/article/view/2905) ...

... герменевтика. 29-42 "non-classical epistemology", hermeneutics, meaning, understanding, antique hermeneutics. This article examines the ways to interpret the term "hermeneutics" in connection with the task of revising a number of theoretical and cognitive problems. On the basis of Greek hermeneutics, the author explores the connection between interpretations and understanding and communicative processes. A conclusion is drawn that an interaction picture of meaning arises ...

... Philosophia Vol 17 #4 Dec 1987. 28. Kielkopf Ch.. Relevant appeals to force, pity and popular pieties. Informal Logic 1980 (2). 29. Kimball, R. What's Wrong with Argumentum ad Baculum? Reasons, Threats, and Logical Norms // Argumentation. Volume 20, Number 1, February 2006 , pp. 89-100(12). 30. Ripley. M. L. Arumentation Theorists argue if an Ad is Argument \\ Argumentation (2008) 22 (4). 31. Van der Vate Jr D. (1975а). Appeal to Force \\ Philosophy and Rhetorics (1975) 8 (1). PP. 43-60. 32. Van ...