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This article examines, in lyrical terms, the practices of poetical translations, identifies its key theoretical principles, and considers the role of a translator in the creation of a good translation. Serbian Russian poetical connection and the translations of S. Raičković 1. Горький М. Собр. соч. : в 30 т. М., 1955. Т. 30. 2. Заболоцкий Н. А. Собр. соч. : в 3 т. М., 1983. 3. Памятники средневековой латинской литературы IV—IX веков. М., 1970. 4. Пушкин А. С. Полн. собр. соч. : в 16 т. М. ; Л...

This article considers general conditions for anagrammatic transformations from the perspective of phonological processes and rules of syntax, which helps to identify fundamental cognitive factors leading to the possibility of anagrams. These are the transcendence of temporal linear organisation of discursive formation and their comprehensive understanding at deep levels of human mentality. 1. Арутюнова Н. Д., Толстая С. М. От редактора // Логический анализ языка. Язык и время. М., 1997. С. 5—16...

The title and text of Lomonosov’s spiritual Meditation is considered within the system of an integrated context of meanings. The role of the title is identified through its connection with the structural and semantic framework of the poetic plot. 1. Даль В. И. Толковый словарь живого великорусского языка : в 4 т. М., 2001. 2. Кржижановский С. Д. Поэтика заглавий. М., 1931. 3. Ломоносов М. В. Полн. собр. соч. : в 11 т. М. ; Л., 1959. 4. Лотман Ю. М. Семиотика культуры и понятие текста // Лотман...

This article addresses the history of anagrams in the European culture of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. The author stresses the variety of application of anagrams within cultural practices of difference social groups. Promising areas of research on anagrams in the context of European culture are identified. 1. Дементьев И. О. «Что (не) написал Соссюр»: полвека дискуссий о теории анаграмм // Вестник Балтийского федерального университета им. И. Канта. 2015. № 8. С. 17—25. 2. Ивлева М. А. Вторичное...

Based on the verbatim records of V.V. Putin’s public speeches, the authors examine syntactic structures representing different types of interrogative hortative modality in the political discourse. The functional-semantic and communicative features of these structures are identified in the oral speech of the mentioned discourse type. 1. Баранов А. Н. Введение в прикладную лингвистику. М., 2001. 2. Беляева Е. И. Грамматика и прагматика побуждения: английский язык. Воронеж, 1992. 3. Ваулина С....

This article identifies the origins of some ideological stereotypes relating to the perception of Serbs in Russia in the late 18th/19th century and their political and economic practices. It is shown that, on the one hand, the image of Serbs was largely distorted by ideas prevalent in the Russian society at the time and, on the other hand, Russians were illinformed about the perception of Russia in Serbia. 1. Архив внешней политики Российской империи. 2. Богоявленский С. К. Из русско-сербских...

This article considers the semantics of Russian and Lithuanian zoonym phraseological units and performs their semantic and structural systematisation. The author identifies the cultural linguistic features of fixed expressions containing a zoonym component in the worldview of native speakers. 1. Гак В. Г. Сравнительная типология французского и русского языков. М., 1976. 2. Гудавичюс А. Сопоставительная семасиология литовского и русского языков. Вильнюс, 1985. 3. Зайнуллина Л. М. Композиционная...

This article is dedicated to the works of a professor from the University of Königsberg, Liudvikas Rėza (1776—1840), a prominent figure in the history of Lithuanian culture acclaimed for his work in collecting, studying, and publishing Lithuanian folklore. Rėza was the first to publish Donelaitis’s poem The Seasons in Lithuanian with a German translation, which happened in Königsberg in 1818. Despite his renown, Rėza remains a true mystery for researchers, being a serious scholar, a poet, and a theologian...

Based on ample documentary evidence, the author identifies the theoretical and metho¬dological principles behind the development of documentary films in post-Revolutionary Russia, as well as the principles of film text and the correlation between the visual imagery and the text. The role of Dziga Vertov in this process is emphasised. The author proves that Ver¬tov forestalled the development and organisation of modern news. 1. Арватов Б. Агит-кино и кино-глаз // Кино-журнал А. Р. К. 1925. № 8. ...

This article examines the first attempts at introducing realistic portraits into Eastern European religious paintings. The author identifies stages in the development of this trend and describes aspects of cultural synthesis embodied in a portrait as the first secular genre of painting. A distinctive feature of this process is depicting an actual person in a religious context. 1. Александрович В. С. Портретная живопись во Львове в последней четверти XVI века // Памятники культуры. Новые открытия...

The author analyses the history of anagrams in the European baroque culture of the 17th century, shows a rich diversity of literary genres where anagrams are used, and identifies the main trends and techniques of creating anagrams. The article outlines the scope of problems for a future study of anagrams in different areas of contemporary European culture. 1. Алпатов С. В., Шамин С. М. Элогиум митавских иезуитов в документах Великого посольства 1697 г. // Древняя Русь. Вопросы медиевистики. 2014...

This article identifies the dominant ideas of global and national culture comprising a special realm of pedagogical values designated as Orthodox pedagogical culture. These ideas are identified as spiritual foundations – an aggregate of standards playing a key role in describing the phenomenon of Orthodox pedagogical culture. 1. Амфилохий (Радович Ристо, митр. Черногорский и Приморский). Человек — носитель вечной жизни. М., 2005. 2. Дивногорцева С. Ю. Историко-теоретический анализ православной...

The article shows a link between culture-specific concepts and the phenomenon of political nation. The author reveals political conditionality of national mentality by intercultural communication. All these phenomena and processes are examined from the point of view of a system of synergies. The author identifies the bifurcation points in the history of national states, which determine their development. 1. Белоцеркивець Н. Кривенька качечка, или Еще раз о «трагедии Центрально-Восточной Европы»...

This article examines the work of V.Ye. Cheshikhin as a translator, populariser, and interpreter of the legend of Tristan and Iseult — the basis of libretto to R. Wagner’s opera. The author identifies the basic assumptions of V.Ye. Cheshikhin’s critical concept: Wagner as an “interpreter of the old legend”, the connection between the Tristan and Iseult legend with the texts of Hellenic and Celtic cultures, the emphasis on the language component of the legend and opera, and the role of literary influences...

The intertextual connections with the Bible found in the cycle ‘Songs in Letters So She Won’t Be Bored’ (My Sister Life, 1917) help identify the features of artistic expression of the Christian ideas of immortality in the early works of B. Pasternak. An analysis of the author’s symbolism shows that the philosophising persona of Pasternak’s book ponders on death looking for the ways to overcome it. The way to overcome “boredom”— death is the “narrow way” of the Gospel, whereas the motif of grace is...

This article addresses the metadiscourse structure and the means of gender manifestation in the advertising message. Two advertisements for the same good aimed at women and men were chosen for a semiotic analysis. The analysis identified the verbal and nonverbal means of exposing implicit messages reflecting gender relations and reinforcing gender stereotypes, as well as the presence of complimentary relations between different elements of the advertising message. 1. Гак В. Г. Антиципация // Лингвистический...

This article addresses the issue of the specific features of the metaphor in “prophetic” dreams. The following features are identified as specific: the representation of the specific through the specific (abstract semantics is ensured by metonymy), spontaneity, integration into cultural contexts, elimination of functional borders between nominativity and predicativity, closeness to the object and cognitive metaphors. The author arrives at a conclusion that, in dreams, the metaphor brings together...

The most vivid characteristics of a person capable of having ‘prophetic’ dreams are identified on an analytical basis. The authors consider such aspects as the dreamer’s gender, age, ability of semantic development of dreams, and ability to understand their prophetic nature. The combination of these parameters comprises the portrait of a dreamer. 1. Берестнев Г. И. Слово, язык и за их пределами. Калининград, 2007. 2. Витгенштейн Л. Философские работы. М., 1994. Ч. 1. 3. Фрейд З. Введение в психоанализ...

This article analyses the role of the cathedral and the icon in the lives of V. Shukshin’s characters: the author shows the most important features of the Russian national character of the second half of the 20th century, as well as the peculiarities of the axiological system characteristic of a non-clerical, but religious consciousness. The author identifies typological features of the characters according to their attitude to the society and nature. The article shows how the tradition of Russian...

The cultural portrait of the man is reconstructed on the basis of contemporary Russian jokes in the context of gender studies. The author identifies such typical traits as love of drinking and watching sports programmes, laziness, ostentatious eroticism, etc. At the same time, certain mechanism of the comical are defined from the perspectives of cultural and cognitive linguistics. 1. Арутюнова Н. Д., Падучева Е. В. Истоки, проблемы и категории прагматики // Новое в зарубежной лингвистике. М., 1985...

This article offers a review of the activities of I.P. Khmelnitsky at the Königsberg University of the 1760s, examines the ideational and philosophical context, and identifies the role and position of Khmelnitsky in the intellectual polemics of the mid-18th century. The author emphasises that D. Weymann referred to Khmelnitsky’s works when debating with I. Kant. 1. Аноним. Хмельницкий, Иван Парфентевич // Русский биографический словарь. СПб., 1901. Т. 21. 2. Болотов А. Т. Жизнь и приключения Андрея...

The connection between grotesque and myth is shown in the context of Yu. Buida’s collection of short stories The Prussian Bride. The author identifies the thematic areas of the intersection between grotesque, hyperbole, and the comical and analyses the linguistic means of their representation. 1. Агеев А. Черная бабочка сновидений // Знамя. 1999. № 7. 2. Бахтин М. М. Творчество Франсуа Рабле и народная культура Средневековья. М., 1990. 3. Белый А. Мастерство Гоголя. М., 1996. 4. Блэк М. Метафора...

This article provides an analysis of the situation around studying the problem of the human being that developed in Soviet medieval studies in the 1950—70s. Emphasising the characteristic of the period monologue nature of assessing the meaning content of the image of the human being, the author compares the ideas of D. S. Likhachev and V. P. Adrianova-Peretz, and S. S. Averintsev about the nature of the human being in ancient texts and identifies the underlying internal polemical nature of their...

The article identifies the conditions of the realisation of such crucial feature of V. Pyetuskh’s creative method as irony. It is shown that his irony is aimed at the key elements of the Russian identity — the history of Russia and the Russian national character. In this conditions, irony aims to emphasise weaknesses under the guise of humour in order to gather strength to overcome them in every moment of the present. 1. Аннинский Л. Мнение литературных критиков о творчестве В. Пьецуха. URL: http://...

This article examines the semantic scope of the notions of «грех / grēks» as fundamental ones in Russian and Latvian worldviews. Russian and Latvian proverbs and sayings help identify the basic, universal ideas about sin, as well as particular, national ones. The author comes to a conclusion that the Russian mentality — unlike the Latvian one — reflects the interaction and partial interference between the Christian an folk worldviews, whereas the notion of sin is found in the intersection areas,...

This article addresses the problems of appropriate perception and decoding of a folklore text in the process of learning Russian as a foreign language. The author analyses the image and concept-related cultural difficulties faced by foreigners when studying Russian folk tales. The article identifies the differences in perceiving and assessing the culturally relevant folklore motifs by recipients with different cultural mental setups. It is stressed that studying folk tales gives foreign students...

This article presents a gender portrait of a man as seen in modern “male” Russian chanson. Two types of such portrait are identified: the lyrical one that is reconstructed on the basis of the songwriter’s self-expression and the objective one that develops when the songwriter looks at a man as another. In these circumstances, a man appears as a philosopher striving to comprehend life and his place in it. 1. Берестнев Г. И. Женщина глазами мужчины в современном русском шансоне // Вестник Балтийского...

This article considers judgements about Napoleon in the culture of German pre-romanticism as signs of literary diagnostics indicative of the contradictory dialectics of artistic consciousness in distinguishing the “codes” of life and death in arts. The completely opposite assessment of Napoleon in the history of German romanticism identifies the problem of a human being as a “field of fate” — a site of the battle between the Light and Darkness. The author emphasises the transformation of the legend...

This article offers an overview of the discipline ‘Language activation and language teaching strategy’ taught to students of philology at the University of Gdansk. It is emphasised that the course pays special attention to acquiring knowledge and its application in the course of individual studies. The results of an annual survey of junior students of Russian philology at the University of Gdansk help identify the factors of effective teaching of foreign languages. 1. Anisimowicz B. Alternatywne...

This article examines the approaches of modern international scholars to the problem of anagrams in ancient texts. The author addresses the following “problem nodes”: the difficulty of proving the presence of an anagram in each individual case and the ambiguity of the question as to the arbitrary or systematic nature of anagrammatic structures and anagrams’ functions. Solving these problems will contribute to identifying the major avenues of further research on anagrams. 1. Гаты Заратустры. URL:...

This article analyses L. Leonov’s novel «The Pyramid» from the perspective of hermeneutical and intertextual methodologies and identifies the coordinates of the text’s literary dialogue with the reader’s perception. The author shows that the hermeneutical and intertextual research methodologies make it possible to identify the multitude of intersections of literary layers, evaluations, and positions and describe the dynamic process of modelling a literary meaning, which employs intertextual connections...

This article considers the aesthetic views of Delvig as a critic and identifies the sources that help him develop individual criteria for assessing literary works. The author emphasises his original interpretation of theoretical problems of aesthetics characteristic of Romanticism. It is stressed that the category of harmony defined by Delving as a crucial principle of artistry is very productive in his system of views and underlies his own poetry. 1. Вацуро В. Э. Антон Дельвиг — литератор // Дельвиг...

This article examines the use of a multi-language anagrammatic code in Yu. Buida’s works. The authors identify the anagrammatic foundations of the “Venice text” in the shorty story “All the floating by” from the collection The Prussian Bride. It is shown that the core of the system is the anagrammatic variation of the words Венеция / невеста и море / amor / mors. The matrimonial and funeral semantics of the night boat rides of the female character along the Pregolya is emphasised. The authors consider...

1. Хрестоматия по древней русской литературе / под ред. Н. И. Прокофьева. М., 1973. 2. Ломоносов М. Избр. произведения. Л., 1986. 3. Чехов А. П. Собр. соч.: в 12 т. М., 1955. Т. 6. 4. Bäcker I. Die existentielle Unbehausheit der Cecov’schen Drei Schwestern.Zum Wertestatus der Textrealität in der russischen Kultur // Eigen-und fremdkulturelle Literaturwissenschaft / Veröffentlichungen des Thomas-Mann-Lehrstuhls an der RGGU Moskau; Institut für deutsch-russische Kulturbeziehungen...

Kant’s views on space and time as well as his doctrine of the categories of understanding attracted the attention of thinkers belonging to the Russian spiritual-academic philosophical tradition of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A prominent representative of these was Fyodor Golubinsky. He was among the first to react to Kant’s “Copernican turn”. He did not merely study the epistemological ideas of Kant but embraced them and modified them in the framework of his own philosophical teaching...

Transcendental philosophy was not born like Athena out of Zeus’s head, mature and in full armour from the very beginning. That is why in both prefaces to the Critique of Pure Reason (1781 and 1787) Kant introduces the concept of transcendental philosophy as an “idea.” The idea understood architectonically develops slowly and only gradually acquires a definite form. As witnessed by the works of Kant himself and of his predecessors and followers, the idea of transcendental philosophy has undergone...

The third formulation of the Categorical Imperative rarely receives the attention devoted to its predecessors. This paper aims to develop a naturalistic approach to morality inspired by Kant’s conception of moral agents as legislating in a Kingdom of Ends. Positions derived from the third formulation, John Rawls’s Kantian Constructivism and T. M. Scanlon’s Contractualism, cleave closely to Kant in idealising the process of legislation. For Rawls, the citizens of the Kantian Reich can be reduced to...

In the Cartesian tradition of discussing the structure of the micro-judgement “I think” Kant‘s treatment deserves extraordinary attention. Under the idiomatic heading of self-affection he delivers a micro-analysis of this judgment, contributing in a unique way to the clarification of a singular case of self-knowledge: In this case the thinking subject 1. thematises the act of judging “I think” by conferring on this act the specific logical, categorical form, 2. intuits this act under the temporal...

In this study, I investigate the philosophico-pedagogical concepts developed by German and Russian Neo-Kantians, namely P. Natorp, S. I. Hessen, M. M. Rubinstein. In order to identify the peculiarities of the approaches of the Neo-Kantians to legal consciousness in children, I show that the widely accepted view that Hessen borrowed Natorp’s hierarchical triad of moral development — anomie, heteronomy, and autonomy — lacks a solid ground. Moreover, Natorp generally does not use the concept of anomie...

... some of the boldest heteronomous renditions of Spinoza’s ethics. Then I move on to argue for the existence of conditions in Spinoza’s thought that make every heteronomous interpretation of his practical philosophy extremely unlikely. These are i) identification of moral value in the quality of an agent’s law-oriented motivation, ii) distinction between human nature as rational and affective, ascribing different sets of laws to each, iii) endowment of reason with moral content, iv) recognition ...

The period between the late 1910s and early 1920s saw the emergence of onto-epistemological philosophical projects in Russia that was determined by criticism and attempts to overcome the domination of epistemology in philosophy which was the result of the intensive development of Neo-Kantianism and the influence of Husserl’s phenomenology. Attempts to turn towards ontology were made both by Russian religious philosophers and by Russian Neo-Kantians. I look at the little-studied philosophical projects...

This article addresses the problem of presuppositions in a methodological work of A. S. Lappo-Danilevsky (1863—1919) — a Russian historian and theorist of historical science. The author identifies the existential strategies applied by Lappo-Danilevsky in the practical interpretation of Kant’s philosophy and specifies the meaning of A. S. Lappo-Danilevsky's work for modern philosophy of historical science. 1. Кант И. Критика чистого разума // Кант И. Соч.: в 6 т. М., 1964. Т. 3. 2. Кант И. Антропология...

This article focuses on the essence and features of concept operations. The author introduces the concepts of logical structure, logical and logical-cognitive form, and natural form of operations. The sources of mistakes in concept operation are identified and classified. 1. Бойко А. П. Логический анализ структуры классификации: дис. ... канд. фи­лос. наук. М., 1983. 2. Брюшинкин В. Н. Антропологические измерения логики // Вестник Россий­ско­го государственного университета им. И. Канта. Вып. 6...

The article is devoted to the problem of identification of the Kant’s and Berkeley’s philosophical systems. The author considers reasons of the origin of Kant-Berkeley question and considers some versions of its completion. 1. Васильева М. Ю. Критика И. Кантом ...

Zusammen mit dem Protagonisten des Romans von Ralf Ellison „Invisible Man“ akzeptiert der Autor des Beitrags das Problem der Demütigung der menschlichen Persönlichkeit mittels des „Hindurchschauens“, des „looking through“. Der Autor hebt die Frage hervor, „was zur Wahrnehmung, zum "Erkennen" einer Person hinzutreten muss, um daraus einen Akt der Anerkennung zu machen“. Mit diesem Ziel wird die Bedeutung der (Un-)Sichtbarkeit im direkten und indirekten Sinne eingeführt, sowie Ergebnisse...

The various positions in the suit about “hundred thalers” opened by Kant’s criticism of ontological argument are compared. It is argued that Heidegger’s concept of being as transcendental predicate cannot be identified with Frege’s treatment of existence as a second-order predicate. Furthermore it is shown that the understanding of being as perfection by Aquinas is quite similar to Kant’s concept of being as absolute positing in the via eminentiae perspective. 1. Аверинцев С. С. Бытие как совершенство...

This article analyses the features of Kant’s [transcendental] philosophy, which Kant himself described as transcendental idealism. On the one hand, Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the distinction between things-in-themselves and appearances. On the other hand, our method of cognition is representative in that is based on representations — subjective and objective (objectual) ones. A synthesis of the above considerations suggests that Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the [conceptual] triad — ‘[objective]...

This article focuses on the problem of reconciling a priori and empirical dimensions of freedom, will, and action as the crucial point for understanding the relationship between theoretical and practical reason in Kant’s and Husserl’s practical philosophy. Relying on the explanation of the relationship between transcendental and practical freedom given in Kant's practical philosophy, the author problematizes Kant’s thesis about the primacy of practical reason. This is the starting point and leitmotif...

The first part of the article describes general development of Kant studies in Königsberg as a local movement (not a school) with some special traits, which has significantly contributed to the culture of the town. Core activities were formed by the Society of Kant’s Friends, as well as by archival studies, i. e. collecting, annotating and publishing Kant’s manuscripts, correspondence, and lecture notes. In view of primary and secondary sources we would suggest to structure this movement in four...

This paper investigated the historical and philosophical context of the notions of “tradition” and the “purpose-task” in the philosophy of Sergius Hessen. The article identified the meaning of values and hierarchy of values of Heinrich Rickert in definition of the notions of “tradition” and “purpose-task” and the main principle of their interaction. 1. Гессен С. И. Основы педагогики. Введение в прикладную философию. М., 1995. 2. Гессен С. И. Мое жизнеописание // Гессен С. И. Избранные сочинения...