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Using the method of corpus analysis, this article explores the history of the Russian hon­orific gospoda and related forms of address: damy i gospoda, gospoda-tovarischi, and other noun-noun and adjective-noun collocations (gospoda publika uvažaemye gospoda). It draws on examples from literature to demonstrate that although, contrary to popular belief, the honorific damy i gospoda is not a neologism of the end of the 20th century, it was mar­ginal to pre-revolutionary speech. It is also shown that...

Translation of philosophical texts is a special challenge because of specific philosophical idiom and conceptual complexity of the narrative. It is not surprising that such translations are often accompanied by commentaries where the translator steps out of the shadows to justi­fy the translational decisions. This kind of supplementary text called the “translational peritext” is under study in this paper aiming to reveal the cognitive effort the translation process involves, and to explore the author-translator-reader...

... Museum”. Almi, I. L., 1986. Novels F. M. Dostoevsky and poetry. In: I. L. Almi, ed. Uchebnoe posobie k spetskursu [Textbook for the special course]. Leningrad (in Russ.). Barsht, K. A., 2010. «Poor people» by F. M. Dostoevsky in the literary and histori­cal-cultural context. In: K. A. Barsht, ed. Dostoevskii. Materialy i issledovaniya [Dostoev­sky. Materials and research]. Vol. 19. St. Petersburg. pp. 259—281 (in Russ.). Bakhtin, M. M., 1979. Problemy poetiki Dostoevskogo [Problems of Dostoevsky's ...

This article deals with Andrey Bolotov’s official employment status during his time in Königsberg (April 1758 — March 1762). The work considers the historiographic tradition originating from Bolotov’s memoirs, the Königsberg pages of which were written more than 30 years after the events described. Bolotov’s memoirs are compared with his correspondence of the time and the archival materials of the Russian administration of East Prussia during the Seven Years’ War. It is concluded that Bolotov’s status...

Although the genre status of the memoirs of the Russian writer Andrei T. Bolotov has been repeatedly raised in the literature, it has never merited a separate study. This article analyses the structure of Bolotov’s memoirs in terms of their genre peculiarity. Text analysis shows that, when writing his memoirs, Bolotov used techniques borrowed from across various genres with which he was well acquainted. Those were the novel, the epistolary genre, the travelogue, the historical essay, etc. In the...

The author considers the evolution of the concept “people” in the political philosophy of Thomas Hobbes, Samuel Pufendorf and Benedict Spinoza. The political thought of Europe in the 17th century demonstrates a conscious turn from the medieval scholastic tradition of thinking about people and power. Politics begins to be thought of as a complex of human ac­tions aimed at achieving certain human goals. This, in turn, leads to the rationalisation of politics and, as a consequence, to the rejection...

... (in Russ.). Mikhailovsky-Danilevsky, A. I., 1839. Opisanie Otechestvennoi voiny v 1812 godu [Description of the Patriotic War in 1812]. Vol. 1. St. Petersburg (in Russ.). Muratov, N. P., 1912. Istoricheskii obzor Otechestvennoi voiny i ee prichin [A histori­cal review of the Patriotic War and its causes]. Tambov (in Russ.). National Corps of the Russian Language, n. d. Osnovnoi korpus [Main Corps]. [on­line] Available at: http://ruscorpora . ru/old/search-main. html [Accessed 20 March 2020] (in ...

... Leerssen, J., eds., 2015. Interconnecting Translation Studies and Imagology. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins. Zacharasiewicz, W., 2009. The Theory of Climate and the North in Anglophone Literatures. In: S. Jakobsson, ed. Images of the North: Histories — Identities — Ideas. Amsterdam & New York: Rodopi. pp. 25—49.

Since the British philosopher John Austin, narratives and performatives have been con­sidered as opposite concepts covered by the generic concept of speech act. At the same time, these concepts were separated according to whether a narrative, inducement, a description, or an imperative was present in the text. Similar to the narrative, the performative is created under pressure from various external factors associated with the system of public communica­tions, to which the author is exposed, and...

This paper discusses intertextual and intervisual tools for creating the past — present — future dialogic axis in urban practices, using the example of graffiti and inscriptions in Gdansk and Kaliningrad. The authors describe the urban space as an object of research, give a definition of the urban inscription, characterize the semiotic nature of the latter, consider ter­minology problems relating to the category of intertextuality, and broadly interpret the inter­texteme as a tool in the ‘past —...

The article deals with the process of structuring the concept of the fictitious state of San Escobar from the perspective of social semiotics, including the broadly understood context and media environment for constructing the image. The creation of the internet memes was in­spired by a lapsus linguae of the Polish Minister of Foreign Affairs Witold Waszczykowski. Major changes in the communicative space, the dominance of digital media resources and multimodal messages, the hegemony of visual culture...

In this article, I use the concept of discursive practices to consider the speech practices of the Russian diaspora of Estonia. The findings of the study suggest the existence of an invariant discourse generated by an exemplary member of the diaspora. Such a discourse has formal (borrowings, code-switching, etc.), semantic (referential shifts, semantically re-oriented vocabulary, etc.), and pragmatic features. The results of the diasporic speech analysis show that the key components of a typical...

Semiotic systems are closely associated with social practices, within which the former record, store, and disseminate social experience. These systems affect the human consciousness to change the semantic picture of the world, behaviour, and the way one perceives reality. Almost all cultural artefacts perform the function of a sign. As a semiotic system develops special signs emerge to replace the artefacts by denoting them. Iconic signs are based upon resemblance, index signs upon a causal relationship...

In this article, I address the influence of modern mass culture (MC), its symbolic system, narratives, and protagonists on the political discourse. I emphasise that an analysis of the images of mass culture protagonists can give a complete picture of the society that continuously reproduces these protagonists and seeks to resemble them. Therefore, the mode of the production of effective political discourse (PD) in modern society cannot ignore either the patterns of behaviour replicated in MC or the...

The Balkan crisis of 1875—1876 and the ensuing Russo-Turkish war of 1877—1878 were the first major foreign policy challenges for the Russian Empire in the entirely new public sphere situation. The military reform of 1784, which replaced recruitment with conscription, translated in the involvement of the general public in the current events. The new public sphere, which had been developing from the 1850s, required new languages both to describe and to transform reality, as well as to produce a collective...

In this article, we analyse the semiotic concept of art created by the constructivist poet Aleksey Chicherin, as presented in his treatise Kan-Fun. We establish the connection between Chicherin’s concept of the ‘sign of Poetry’, on the one hand, and the theoretical research of the early Russian avant-garde and the basic tenets of the semiotic description of the language, on the other. An analysis of Chicherin's theory shows that it rests on an attempt to overcome the linearity of linguistic signs...

In this article, we consider the semiotic concept developed by Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten, a founder of modern aesthetics. We describe the principles of the semiotic theory, as expressed in Baumgarten's Metaphysica, particularly in the parts ‘Ontology’ and ‘Psychology’, in which he introduced the basic semiotic terminology. We pay special attention to the general context of Baumgarten’s Aesthetica. This context had determined the characteristics of the semiotic ideas that he developed later. In...

....es/es/documentos/monti/monti-especial-1-portada-indice.pdf (accessed 23 June 2018). Pym, A., 2003. Localization and the humanization of technical discourse. Across Languages and Cultures, 4 (2), pp. 205—216. Pym, A., 2016. Translation Solution Types for Many Languages — Histories of a Flawed Dream. London: Bloomsbury. Reiß, K. and Hans, J. V., 1984. Grundlegung einer Allgemeinen Translationstheorie. Tübingen: Niemeyer. Risku, H., 2014. Translation process research as interaction research: From men­tal to socio-cognitive ...

In this article, we discuss the hagiographic topics in I. S. Shmelev’s novel The Inexhaustible Chalice, which are expressed through different components of the novel’s literary structure — ranging from the individual traits of the main character, Ilya Sharonov, to twists of the plot and the milestones of his biography. We maintain that in terms of the genre this novel resembles both the lives of the righteous and the lives of the venerable. The novel conforms to the canons of hagiographic texts because...

This article analyses the problems addressed in Evelyn Waugh’s novel Scoop, through the prism of imagology — the study of cultural stereotypes as presented in literature. Within the ideational structure of the novel, the author analyses the theory of négritude, which holds that the African civilisation plays a special role in the world. It is concluded that the négritude philosophy is expressed in the novel through grotesque and the theory of négritude should be analysed in the context of philosophical...

This article discusses the potential of the linguistic persona theory in the linguistic studies of Kant’s texts. Linguistic Kant studies is a scientific discipline focusing on the language of Kant's works. Such a study can be either independent or integrated int a logicalphilosophical analysis. The author emphasizes Kant’s contribution to the German philosophical and scientific discourse of the Enlightenment and summarizes current findings on the philosopher’s style and language. It is shown that...

This paper studies the vision of translation developed within structuralism, cross-cultural studies, and semiotics and compares them with the theory of cultural transfers. The authors identify key notions of each theory or school. Some of these notions — code, opposition, discretion, and border — permeate the scientific vocabulary of many linguistic schools. However, these terms easily acquire new meanings and interpretations in research works. The continuity of communication space is key to semiotic...

Thе article examines the connection between conceptualisation and transfer of knowledge in the humanities and analyses the role of these processes in the formation of conceptual and terminological framework for different types of discourse. The study draws on an analytical description of the development of the concept of energy in the Christian Orthodox discourse. The description was provided from the perspective of transferology — a new metadiscipline aimed to study the meaning-focused transformations...

This paper analyses structures typical of the classical Chinese poetry and the way they are used in contemporary Chinese verse. The analysis aims to demonstrate the work of traditional textual mechanisms in contemporary Chinese poetry and to describe their functional features. Poems by Dai Weina, Han Bo, Tashi Tentso, and Zhang Zao employ linguistic means that simultaneously engage several levels of utterances. These linguistic means include non-trivial semantic links created by means of phonographics...

This article describes the results of a systemic study into the history of conveying the name of the Swiss linguist Charles Bally by the means of Russian transcription, in the 20th-century linguistic discussions. The author reconstructs the history of introducing Charles Bally’s works into Russian and Soviet linguistics, particularly, in the context of the publication of Ferdinand de Saussure’s Course of General Linguistics. The article analyses the variants of transcribing the name Bally in the...

The author describes the private life of Roman Jakobson between 1920 and 1939 when he lived in the former Czechoslovakia, first as a Soviet diplomat and later as a scholar caught in a thick web of political intrigues. Using archival documents, the author illustrates Roman Jakobson’s complex and often contradictory relations with the trio of political institutions within whose orbits he was moving: 1) the Ministry of Interior; 2) the Ministry of Foreign Affairs; 3) and the Soviet Red Cross Mission/Political...

This article examines the concept of cultural memory. Special attention is paid to historiographical texts as a means of representation of cultural memory. The author analyses and compares theories describing relations between historiographical and literary texts. Such relations are based on the fiction/non-fiction opposition. It is concluded that the aesthetic component assumes significance in structuring historiographical texts. 1. Assmann, A., Assmann J., 1994. Das Gestern im Heute. Medien...

The article analyses the main causes and the genesis of transformations in political discourse (PD) and provides a comparative analysis of the present and earlier forms of PD. The author examines the ontology and principal characteristics of PD, describes the state of political discourse prior to its current transformation and identifies the key problems and actual results of political communication in modern society. Considering the rise of populism, the author stresses that the current problems...

This article revisits the traditional perspective on realism as a prevalent trend in the European literature at the end of the 19th century. The author examines the perception of the concept of realism at the end of the 18th century (Friedrich Schiller) and in the 1850s (Champfleury and Duranty). It is stressed that Stendhal and Balzac did not associate themselves with realism and Flaubert objected to being called a realist. The author emphasizes the diversity of schools, trends, and literary techniques...

The article dwells on the long-established popular version of the "Byzantine" origin of the Russian state emblem: the image of the double-headed eagle is allegedly associated with the marriage of the Great Prince of Moscow Ivan III and Sophia Palaeologus, successor to the Roman and Byzantine Empires. N. Karamzin’s role in promoting and substantiating this version is considered, alongside discussing the longevity of this hypothesis and a critical attitude to it from the point of view of...

Writing his History of the Russian State N. M. Karamzin used the Russian chronicles, embassy documents, and diplomatic correspondence. He was among the first historians to turn to foreign sources, and to that end had to obtain copies of the documents shedding light on the relations between the Moscow State and the Teutonic Order in the first quarter of the 16th century. In the following years and up to the present time, however, both Russian and German researchers have been paying little attention...

This article addresses the history of anagrams in the European culture of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. The author stresses the variety of application of anagrams within cultural practices of difference social groups. Promising areas of research on anagrams in the context of European culture are identified. 1. Дементьев И. О. «Что (не) написал Соссюр»: полвека дискуссий о теории анаграмм // Вестник Балтийского федерального университета им. И. Канта. 2015. № 8. С. 17—25. 2. Ивлева М. А. Вторичное...

The article attempts to characterize the sources N. Karamzin used for his major historical work The History of Russian State in the framework of Russian archaeography, its development and achievements in the late 18th — early 19th centuries. The most important of the new sources N. Karamzin used are investigated, including referencing in footnotes. It is concluded that the History of the Russian State played a considerable role in the popularization of documental heritage of ancient and medieval...

This article considers the cultural background to the perception of F. Nietzsche’s philosophy in Russia and the philosopher’s influence on the consciousness of Russian emigration. The author stresses the value of periodicals as a source for historical and philosophical studies and addresses the heuristic aspects of publications in periodicals. A general methodological framework for using such sources is proposed. The author describes the features of Nietzsche’s image stressed by Russian émigré audience...

The article is dedicated to Nikolai Karamzin, a historian and a major public figure of imperial Russia. His various achievements make him a figure of lasting significance and continuing interest. The subject of the research is N. M. Karamzin’s views on the matters of public education and of ideological and family upbringing in the late 18th — early 19th-century Russia. Special attention is paid to N. M. Karamzin’s various political essays that addressed the country's educational problems. Another...

This article revises the traditional views of Tyutchev as a panthesist, Schellingian, etc. Poems, articles, and letters are used to emphasise the Christian foundations of his oeuvre, which focuses on the anthropological problem of the ‘mystery of the human being’. The vicissitudes of human spirit, the dramatic conflict between two major metaphysical principles of anthropocentric free will and veneration of god – these and similar issue comprise the world-view foundation of the physiophilosophical...

Using art history interpretation methods and the methods of historical cultural studies, the author demonstrates the role of rhythm and metaphor as the most expressive artistic means of icon painting. The interaction of rhythm and metaphor is an integral part of the imagery and semantics of icon painting. It is stressed that the entire theological and aesthetic image of icons, which is based on rhythm and metaphor, expresses the cosmogonic ideas of the Church Fathers. However, the practical realisation...

The author analyses the main characteristics of legal discourse and its relatedness to the system of values of any given society, its political, religious and economic spheres. Legal discourse reflects historical and cultural conditionality. The main characteristics of legal discourse include reference to special legal concepts, narrow communicative setting and a number of semantic limitations. 1. Аутюнова Н. Д. Дискурс // Лингвистический энциклопедический словарь. М., 1990. С. 136—137. 2. Дейк...

There are virtually no specialized studies into the creation of poetic image of N. Karamzin in late 18th — early 19th centuries in Russian literature; though it is the expressiveness and imagery of poetry which can have a great impact on the myths in public consciousness. The present study is based on the texts published in the following collections of poems: “Epigrams and Satire: from the history of literary feud of the 19th century” (Epigramma i satira: iz istorii literaturnoy bor’by XIX veka....

Y. Lotman’s defined his own book " The Creation of Karamzin” as a " novel-reconstruction”. This is an attempt to create a new genre — the ideal historical description, organized as a polylogue between the historian, novelist and semiotician. For this, Lotman relied on Karamzin’s experience. The structural and semiotic characteristics of the novel-reconstruction allow revealing some new features of Karamzin’s "History". 1. Аристотель. Об искусстве поэзии. М., 1957. 2. Данто...

This article analyses the Königsberg context of the activities of 18th century enlighteners — Johann Gotthelf Lindner and Jacob Lange — in the Baltics and offers an overview of their linguistic works. On the basis of the hypothesis about the influence of the Königsberg spirit of Enlightenment on the formation of Lindner’s and Lange’s linguistic activities, the author shows that, in the Baltics, the Enlightenment had several modifications differing in forms and objectives. It is demonstrated that...

This article analyses the condition of settlements, manors (Landschlösser), castles, churches of East Prussia on the territory of today’s Kaliningrad region. It is shown that almost all historical sites of this type are either ruined or close to this condition. The author stresses the need to take urgent measures to preserves such sites or organise professional reconstruction.

This article summarises the perception of Napoleon’s image in France in the 19th—21th centuries and describes the dynamics of attitudes towards Napoleon in connection with the changing political situation. Historical studies and belles-lettres help demonstrate that today the image of Napoleon is more popular in other European countries than in France and that the life of the emperor gave rise to a myth about a hero and great conqueror who faces defeat at the peak of his power and loses its empire...

This article examines the adaptation of historically developed East Prussian settlement system to the new objectives and functions during the formation of the Kaliningrad region. The author offers an overview of the basic urban development trends in the course of the region’s formation in the ages of Stalin (partial restoration and adaptation of the existing buildings with the minimum infrastructural transformations of towns and villages), Khrushchev (the development of new design and construction...

This article offers a historical sketch of the life and activities of the Russian diaspora in Gdansk in the 1920-1930s. The author considers the participation of Russian emigrants in the political, business, and cultural life of Gdansk and their relationships with the local authorities. Special attention is paid to the political competition among the Russian minority, the activity of religious, cultural, and educational organisations. The article offers a review of Russian periodicals published in...

1. Бахтин Н. Мережковский и история // Д. С. Мережковский: pro et contra. СПб., 2001. С. 362―364. 2. Куприн А. Иисус Неизвестный // Д. С. Мережковский: pro et contra.СПб., 2001. С. 369―370. 3. Мережковский Д. С. Собр. соч.: Тайна Запада. Атлантида — Европа. М., 1999, 4. Мережковский Д. С. Собр. соч.: Тайна Трех [1925]. М., 1999. 5. Струве П. Б. Спор с Д. С. Мережковским // Струве П. Б. Patriotica: политика, культура, религия, социализм. М., 1997. 6. Ходасевич В. О Мережковском // Ходасевич...

1. Berek M. Gutes oder schleschtes Erinnern? Die Notwendigkeit des Politischen in der Erinnerungskultur // Erinnerungskultur und Versöhnungskitsch. Marburg, 2008. 2. Assmann J. Das kulturelle Gedächtnis Schrift, Erinnerung und politische Identität in frühen Hochkulturen. München, 2002.  3. Staliūnas D. Savas ar svetimas paveldas? 1863—1864 m. sukilimas kaip lietuvių atminties vieta. Vilnius, 2008. 4. Langewiesche D. Unschuldige Mythen: Gründungsmythen und Nationsbildung in...

1. Алексеев П. В. Философы России XIX—XX столетий: Биографии, идеи, труды. М., 2002. 2. Асов А. Славянская астрология. М., 2001. 3. Личковах В. A. Славянская цивилизационная идея: космизм и универсализм всечеловеческого мироотношения // Tradycje duchowe Europy Środkowej i Wschodniej. Słupsk, 1999. 4. Поляков В. А. Универсология. М., 2004. 5. Filozofia słowiańska. Historia i współczesność / red. W. Słomski. Warszawa, 2007. 6. Jedynak S. Kosmizm w filozofii rosyjskiej // Rekonesanse filozoficzne...

This is a review of the main research achievements of Professor L. A. Kalinnikov presented in his articles and monographs. The theoretical issues of Kantianism considered in Kalinnikov’s works include the problem of cognisability of “the thing in itself” and noumenal affection, the character of systematicity in Kant’s philosophy and the methodology of its interpretation. Cycles of articles are devoted to the reception of Kant’s ideas in the philosophical and poetic work of V. S. Solovyov, Kant’s...