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In this article, I explore one of the elements of situational modality, namely, the microfield of the modality of necessity. I consider the use of lexical modifiers of the modality of necessity in the Old and New Testament. The aims of this study are to identify similarities and differences in the use of lexemes explicating the microfield in the biblical texts and to produce a comparative analysis of modal meanings of objective-subjective and objective necessity expressed through relevant lexemes...

... within which the former record, store, and disseminate social experience. These systems affect the human consciousness to change the semantic picture of the world, behaviour, and the way one perceives reality. Almost all cultural artefacts perform the function of a sign. As a semiotic system develops special signs emerge to replace the artefacts by denoting them. Iconic signs are based upon resemblance, index signs upon a causal relationship, and symbols on social conventions. Language is the most ...

In this article, we analyse the semiotic concept of art created by the constructivist poet Aleksey Chicherin, as presented in his treatise Kan-Fun. We establish the connection between Chicherin’s concept of the ‘sign of Poetry’, on the one hand, and the theoretical research of the early Russian avant-garde and the basic tenets of the semiotic description of the language, on the other. An analysis of Chicherin's theory shows that it rests on an attempt to overcome the linearity of linguistic signs...

... COCOSDA. Available at: http://slp . itc. nagoya-u. ac. jp/web/papers/2004/Oriental-COCOSDA2004_tohyama. pdf (аccessed 23 September 2018). Vuorikoski, A.R., 2004. A Voice of Its Citizens or a Modern Tower of Babel? The Quality of Interpreting as a Function of Political Rhetoric in the European Parliament. Tampere: Tampere University Press. Available at: http://tampub. uta. fi/handle/10024/67348 (аccessed 23 September 2018). Vuorikoski, A.R., 2012. Fine-tuning SI quality criteria: Could speech ...

... (non-diegetic narrator) in the hagiography genre is clearly relat­ed to the non-diegetic “multiple” narrator of Plutarch's biography. I argue that the genre of ancient biography with its topos of private life and its entertaining and instructive functions serves as a nutrient substrate for the formation of the genre of bios. Averintsev, S. S., 1994. Good Plutarch tells about heroes, or happy marriage of a biographical genre and moral philosophy. In: Plutarkh. Sravnitel'nye zhizneopisaniya: ...

... poetic form. I define the terms, which according to Ger­man tradition, characterize hagiography as a genre in the medieval epoch and compared them with the notion used by Konrad von Würzburg. I examine the peculiarities of the text structure, the functions of the prologue and the epilogue and analyse a number of specific features typical of the plot of the above-mentioned hagiographic poems. Conrad von Würs­burg’s outstanding merit lies in the establishment of hagiographic canons in German ...

... transformation of reality. We address three major problems. The first problem concerns the possibility of a dynamic description of the nature of events. In this context, we justify a transition to a constructive-dynamic ontological paradigm. We identify the functions of an event that consists in the creation, management, and destruction or reality. We demonstrate the need for a constructive model of a special event—a model taking into account the temporal factor in the development of reality. The second ...

... semantics of the paired Church Slavonic and Greek lexemes. This helps to determine the effect of the identified semantic differences on the variations in the Christian perception of God by ancient Greeks and Slavs, as regards the differentiation between the functions of God the Father and Jesus Christ. The author examines to what degree the semantic differences affected the emergence of the Slavic idea of the human ruler as a vicar of God on Earth. 1. Alekseev, A. A., 2013. Ostromirovo Evangelie i vizantiisko-slavyanskaya ...

... The Introduction. Chicago, pp. 129—144. 13. Georges, R. A., Dundes, A., 1963. Toward a Structural Definition of the Riddle. The Journal of American Folklore, 76(300), pp. 111—118. 14. Hamnett, I., 1967. Ambiguity, classification and change: the function of riddles. Available at: http://www . era. anthropology. ac. uk/Era_Resources/Era/Riddles/hamnet. html [Accessed 14 April 2017]. 15. Taylor, A., 1951. English Riddles from Oral Tradition. Berkley; Los Angeles. 16. Green, T. A., Pepicello, W....

... hyphen is a means that contributes to the formation of concepts as undivided phonosemantic complexes reflecting the prototypes of things. In this sense, the hyphen serves as a tool for language and discourse transfer. In philosophical texts, the key function of the hyphen in newly created formations is conceptualisation. This holds true regardless of the number of components and of the position of the hyphen. The author concludes that the hyphen is a universal cognitive mechanism, characteristic ...

... earlier literary studies of the synthetic art phenomenon and its relevant methods, the authors set a theoretical and analytical framework for this research. The object of the study is verbal and musical subtexts, each performing a meaning-construction function. The difference between the performed and written texts is significant from the perspective of the capacities of meanings. However, the performed and written variants of the same text are equivalent. The study of variations in A. Bashlachev’s ...

... not construed from given components. It is a system, which forms intra- and intertextual structures. In this way, it will be possible to describe texts that are signs but do not consist of signs (movies, paintings) and create signs in the process of functioning. Accordingly, one can speak about the semiotics of text, in which such phenomena will be considered as primary ones. This will be a non-discrete and/or iconic semiotics, based not on the dogma of the artibrary connection between the signified ...

This article considers the functional features and deep cognitive foundations of ana¬grammatic structures in verbal texts. The traditional perspective on the phenomenon is defined as a general sign-based one: anagrammatic structures are examined in music and mathematics. It is ...

The authors describe the main ideas and specific features of the Armenian and Russian Orthodoxy based on the analysis of Orthodox religious rituals and religious objects used in them. The authors reveal deep cognitive functions that these religious objects enable, first of all, the creation of a sacred milieu, unification of the Orthodox believer with God, and the formation of Orthodox memory. At the same time, it is noted that the Armenian khachkars are closer to ...

... stressed that the intertextual poetics of the short story is shaped by the patterns of the author’s poetical world. The citation and allusion field of the short story is analysed as a component of the literary whole fulfilling original meaning-generating functions. The article analyses the complex of intertextual connections between N. Kononov’s short story and the works of A. Pushkin and O. Mandelstam. 1. Кононов Н. Трехчастный сиблинг // Кононов Н. Саратов....

... hagiographic texts. The primary focus is on understanding the category of hagiographic topoi, which is linked to the concept of literary etiquette. This concept is examined from a polemic standpoint since it does not fully conform to the genesis and function of hagiographic topoi. It is concluded that the worldview and mindset of the hagiographer play a crucial role in the creation of a vita belonging to a particular historical period and church traditions. The author addresses the problem of studying ...

Anagram, poetic text, symbol, paronomasia, semiotics, diachrony, Russian literature. 1. Генон Р. Символы священной науки. М., 1997. 2. Гущин В. Дмитрий Авалиани: Средневековое доверие к знаку. URL: http://old.russ.ru/journal/netcult/98-10-07/guschn.htm (дата обращения: 27.02.2016). 3. Кацюба Е. Свалка. URL: http://flashpoetry. narod. ru/svalka/00.htm (дата обращения: 27.02.2016). 4. Словарь русского языка (СРЯ) : в 4 т. / под ред. А. П. Евгеньевой. М., 1981—1984. 5. Топоров В. Н. К исследованию...

This article draws on the results of monitoring the Russian language functioning in the world. The monitoring was conducted on behalf of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation in 2004 and the Ministry of Education and Science in 2011—2012. The study used data provided by censuses, national ministries ...

... relevant to dream interpretation according to Fromm. The central element is understanding the image of a dream as a symbol common to both the realm of dreams and culture in general. The key mechanism of symbol formation is cultural- associative, which is a function of human rational thinking. It is suggested that images of dreams should be interpreted from this perspective. 1. Купер Дж. Энциклопедия символов. М., 1995. 2. Д. Тресиддер. Словарь символов....

Based on the verbatim records of V.V. Putin’s public speeches, the authors examine syntactic structures representing different types of interrogative hortative modality in the political discourse. The functional-semantic and communicative features of these structures are identified in the oral speech of the mentioned discourse type. 1. Баранов А. Н. Введение в прикладную лингвистику. М., 2001. 2. Беляева Е. И. Грамматика и прагматика побуждения: английский язык. Воронеж, 1992. 3. Ваулина С....

This article considers the semantics of Russian and Lithuanian zoonym phraseological units and performs their semantic and structural systematisation. The author identifies the cultural linguistic features of fixed expressions containing a zoonym component in the worldview of native speakers. 1. Гак В. Г. Сравнительная типология французского и русского языков. М., 1976. 2. Гудавичюс А. Сопоставительная семасиология литовского и русского языков. Вильнюс, 1985. 3. Зайнуллина Л. М. Композиционная...

This article considers the radical changes in the functioning of literary lexis in the Russian language of the early 21st century, namely the causes and consequences of the semantic devaluation of the noun пафос and its syntactic derivate, the adjective пафосный, whose semantic transformation ...

... The author addresses the following “problem nodes”: the difficulty of proving the presence of an anagram in each individual case and the ambiguity of the question as to the arbitrary or systematic nature of anagrammatic structures and anagrams’ functions. Solving these problems will contribute to identifying the major avenues of further research on anagrams. 1. Гаты Заратустры. URL: zoroastrian.ru/node/1759 (дата обращения: 02.07.2014). 2. Иванов Вяч. Вс....

This article summarises the observations of different authors about the modern condition of the Russian language in Estonia, outlines the emerging areas of research on the use of the Russian language and the features of language policy. The features of diaspora speech are described from the perspective of words and phrases, grammar indicators, language reflection, time, place, features of speech practices, and evaluations. The author considers the influence of language situation on the basic psychological...

... comparative analysis of the image of a doll in the Russian and Latvian folklore traditions and examines the dialogue between the national cultures. The author emphasise the presence of the image in Russian and Latvian folklore texts and compares its functional features. The major difference in representing the image of a doll in the aspect of Russian-Latvian connections is that, in Russian texts, a doll is traditionally presented as a living object, whereas, in Latvian ones, it belongs to the area ...

This article examines the adaptation of historically developed East Prussian settlement system to the new objectives and functions during the formation of the Kaliningrad region. The author offers an overview of the basic urban development trends in the course of the region’s formation in the ages of Stalin (partial restoration and adaptation of the existing buildings ...

... metaphor in “prophetic” dreams. The following features are identified as specific: the representation of the specific through the specific (abstract semantics is ensured by metonymy), spontaneity, integration into cultural contexts, elimination of functional borders between nominativity and predicativity, closeness to the object and cognitive metaphors. The author arrives at a conclusion that, in dreams, the metaphor brings together the rational and irrational spheres. 1. Арутюнова Н....

The criminal song is considered as a phenomenon of urban folklore functionally linked to the criminal community as an archaic subculture. The author characterises the plot structure of the criminal song: the system-building characters, their plot function, and typical motives. The article poses the question as to the ...

... the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU) in Kaliningrad. Fifteen participants from different countries discussed aspects of the Kantian understanding of science and the roles of reason in it: the unity, difference, and systematicity of the functions of reason in science, as they are revealed in Kant’s discussions of criteria of scientificity, the classification of sciences, or methods of theoretical and experimental research in specific sciences. The topics discussed fell into two broad ...

I critically examine the plausibility of Kant’s conception of rationalising, a form of self-deception that plays a crucial role for Kant’s moral psychology and his conception of the functions of critical practical philosophy. The main problem I see with Kant’s conception is that there are no theory-independent criteria to determine whether an exercise of rational capacities constitutes rationalising. Kant believes that rationalising ...

This study aims, first, to delimit the seemingly synonymous concepts of “phenomenon” and “appearance” and second, to trace the functions of each in Kant’s philosophy and the phenomenological tradition. The analy­sis is based on Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and the central works of Edmund Husserl and Eugen Fink. Kant does not explicitly distinguish the two terms ...

... time, an appearance is not identical to its representation, since the former is an object or content of the latter. Applying G. Frege’s “semantic triangle” to the analysis of Kant’s concept of appearance, I show that the transcendental object functions as the sense (Sinn) of the appearance and that the empirical thing in itself is its reference (Bedeutung). Ameriks, K., 1982. Recent Work on Kant’s Theoretical Philosophy. American Philosophical Quarterly, 19(1), pp. 1-24. Allison, H., ...

... the light of modern studies and need to be revised or even reversed. The first reversal explored in this article determines the origin of the categories which are now revealed not “from the top down” where Kant sought them, i. e. not in logical functions in accordance with metaphysical deduction and not in self-consciousness as transcendental deduction claims, but “from the bottom up” if one considers things in the evolutionary dimension, i. e. in the instincts. The second reversal shifts ...

... Knowledge, Intuition and Reason. Ontological Motives of Critical Philo­s­ophy. Mysl. Zhurnal Peterburgskogo filosofskogo ob­shchestva [Thought. Bulletin of the Russian Philosophical Society], 1, pp. 13-32. (In Russ.) Cassirer, E., 1953. Substance and Function. Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications. Cohen, H., 1922. Logik der reinen Erkenntnis. Berlin: Bruno Cassirer. Dmitrieva, N. A., 2007. Russkoe neokantianstvo: “Marburg” v Rossii. Istoriko-filosofskie ocherki [Russian Neo-Kantianism: ‘Marburg’ ...

... section on the deduction of categories and Kant’s concept of apperception. Accordingly, the author seeks to clarify the purpose of each of the above-mentioned faculties and to establish their inter-relationship. To this end the author analyses the functional roles of consciousness, self-consciousness and apperception in solving the main tasks of the first Critique. It turns out that consciousness is a reflexive cognitive capacity which provides access to representations in our soul and allows us ...

This article considers the functions, structure and actions of transcendental logic in “The Analytic of Principles” of Kant’s “Critique of pure reason”. The author explicates the specificity, rules, laws and the method of transcendental logic in this sphere of analytic....

... transcendental logic. The author shows how Kant draws the distinction between general and transcendental logic. The article analyses the essence of the new logic and its place in transcendental philosophy and considers the structural logical elements and their functions. 1. Брюшинкин В. Н. О логических ошибках в кантовской таблице суждений // Кантовский сборник. 2008. № 2 (28). С. 7—22. 2. Декарт Р. Правила для руководства ...

... logic of design. The logic of design has the benefit of enriching traditional logical tools with a series of notions borrowed primarily from computer programming. A conceptual system designer sets out feasibility requirements and defines a system’s functions that make it possible to achieve the desired outcome using available resources. Kant’s project forbids a dogmatic appeal to the transcendental relations and eternal truths of scholasticism. However, the constitutive nature of the rules of ...