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... measurements to monitor biomass growth. A detailed analysis of the growth dynamics allowed the characterization of various phases of cyanobacteria development, including lag phase, exponential phase, slowing phase, and stationary phase. The results indicate that the duration of these phases varied depending on the cultivation conditions. The data presented in this study can be used to optimize the cultivation process and enhance the biomass productivity of Cyanobacterium sp. IPPAS B-1200 in further ...

... and microelements (Mn, Zn, Ni, Fe, Br, Rb, Sr, and Ca) was determined. Statistically significant differences were found in the concentrations of Mn, Zn, Ni, Br, and Rb in the mosses. A high correlation was observed between iron and calcium, which may indicate a common source of these elements entering the plants. The moss species Aulacomnium palustre and Sphagnum centrale were identified as having accumulation capabilities similar to the reference species Pleurozium schreberi. element accumulation,...

... region and to identify its sources. Epithermal neutron activation analysis was used to determine the metal content in the moss samples. The obtained data were processed using statistical methods and backward air mass trajectory modeling. The results indicated that zinc concentrations in the mosses varied significantly, reaching maximum values in the southern and central parts of the region. A comparison with 2015 data revealed a 46 % increase in zinc accumulation lev­els. The study established that ...

... evidenced by the increased volume of tourist flows in recent years. A comprehensive approach to assessing the attractiveness of areas located in the "land—sea" contact zone is proposed, based on a component-wise evaluation method using 25 indicators that reflect the natural characteristics of coastal landscapes and the degree of their anthropo­genic transformation. The methodology was tested on 31 sections of the Sambia Peninsula’s coastline. The analysis of their attractiveness revealed ...

... Kaliningrad and Leningrad Oblasts and Krasnodar Krai — through an analysis of how economic and geo­graphical factors influence migration patterns, using a multi-scale approach. The study draws on data from Rosstat for the period 2011—2023. The findings indicate that the highest levels of migration attractiveness are observed in the capital agglomerations and coastal municipali­ties. Industrial and production centers also exert a significant influence on migration attrac­tiveness, particularly in areas ...

... several differences between TPSGs and NPOs, the primary distinction lies in their foundational principles: NPOs are formed around a common goal (tasks or problems to be addressed), whereas TPSGs are based on territorial affiliation. Empirical findings indicate that in the Kaliningrad region, a modern wave of TPSG formation began in 2017, with the number of TPSGs increasing from 3 to 56 between 2020 and 2024. At present, there is a high density of TPSGs (number per 10,000 inhabitants) in rural and peripheral ...

... P. Alisov’s and V. P. Köp­pen’s, which were developed and supplemented back in the last century — are wide­ly spread in domestic science. In modern literature, different types of climate corresponding to different classifications are often indicated for the same locality. Such an example is Magadan, for which not only different climatic belts but also climate types are mentioned. Thus, in sci­entific and educational literature there are mentions of subarctic and temperate climatic belts,...

... aim of the article is to assess the current level of digitalization in rural areas of the regions of the Central Federal District of Russia. A comprehensive methodology for evaluat­ing the level of digitalization has been developed, which includes 12 indicators grouped into three categories: the development of ICT infrastructure, digital community, and digital ser­vices. The indicator of rural digitalization is represented by an integral index (IDRA). The index was calculated using statistical data ...

It was not until German Idealism that philosophy briefly regained the importance it had in antiquity. This is indicated precisely by the “peripeteia” in the concept of experience. When Kant and Hegel write about experience, they mean quite different things on the other. Kant’s concept of experience is law-like, invariant and rigid. Only for this reason ...

... of J. G. Fichte’s Theoretical Philosophy. In: B. V. Yakovenko, 2004. Zhizn’ i filosofiya Ioganna Gotliba Fikhte [Johann Gottlieb Fichte’s Life and Philosophy]. Saint-Petersburg: Nauka, pp. 182-206. (In Rus.) Zhuchkov, V. A., 2000. Fichte as an Indicator of Contradictions in Russian Philosophy of the Late 19th and early 20th Centuries. In: V. F. Pustarnakov, 2000. Filosofiya Fikhte v Rossii [Fichte’s Philosophy in Russia]. Saint- Petersburg: RKhGI Press, pp. 212-237. (In Rus.) Fichte, Neo-Kantianism,...

... prac­tice. The theoretical framework of the study is in line with modern investigations in text lin­guistics, text typology, theory of speech genres, persuasion conceptions. The paper discusses the central issues and trends in the study of text genres and indicates related terms that have mainly been used in research on text hybridity and genre blending. It is shown that hybridi­zation of the genre becomes a communicative tool in the persuasion strategy of the communi­cative agent, which aims at influencing ...

... used as substitutes for synonymous native phrases, and borrowing-doublets. Logical categorization establishes hierarchical semantic connections for borrowings, while non-logical categorization conveys emotional and eva­luative attitudes. The findings indicate that logical categorization is predominant for most bor­rowings, whereas non-logical categorization applies to a smaller subset. In some cases, these types of categorization can co-occur. The study concludes that cognitive categorization plays ...

... the rhetorical questions "Who am I? What am I?" excludes a neutral attitude of the individual to the situation that has become the reason for understanding their "I". Being a tool of self-knowledge, the analyzed questions are an indicator of a person's fixation on their own social and personal identity and reflect chan­ges in psychology against the background of socio-economic processes that transform tradi­tio­nal forms of interaction in society. Based on the data of the ...

... both aligned with functional gestures (deictic, representational, and pragmatic). The findings reveal several regulations that constrain the distribution and alignment of speech cues and gestures. First, the prevalence of approximators is observed, indicating that a higher input of predication expresses vague reference. Second, the prevalence of placeholders in the Request communicative move was found, accounting for the Request’s role in both initiating a new act and completing the previous one ...

..., two parameters are significant: “Why does this question not require an answer?” and “For what purpose is this statement being made, if not to get an answer?” By calling (his own or so­meo­ne else's) question ‘rhetorical’, the speaker indicates the implementation of one of the values of these parameters. Arutyunova, N. D., 1998. Yazyk i mir cheloveka [Language and the Human World]. Moscow (in Russ.). Bulygina, T. V. and Shmelev, A. D., 1997. Yazykovaya kontseptualizatsiya ...

... established that three clearly distinguished groups of prayers in this corpus reflect both the personal circumstances of the author’s life and his diverse literary interests; possible models for these hymnographic compo­sitions of the prince are indicated, showing his familiarity with the traditions of the Trinity Monastery and the influence of the early compilers of the Moscow Printing House. Particular attention is paid to Prince Shakhovsky’s acquaintance with the prayer practices of the ...

... to the medieval novel and is rather an authorial parodic “variation on the theme.” Despite the story of Melusine being known in Russia since the 17th century, the specifics of the interpretation of the image and the context in which it appeared indicate that the plot did not take root in Russian culture. It acquired an original authorial realization only in the mid-20th century through the work of A. M. Remizov. Melusine, medieval novel, plot, translation, translated literature 46-58 ...

... of media communication employed by regional leaders. It is established that formal alignment with the information agenda of the federal cen­ter is not a sufficient condition for building positive reputational capital. The key finding of the research indicates that governors who combine moderate adherence to nationwide themes with active engagement in solving local problems achieve the greatest success in strengthen­ing their public image. Excessive orientation toward the federal agenda, on the contrary,...

... the textual realization of the call-to-action strategy through a combination of means reflecting both objective and subjective modality. Verbs in the imperative and subjunctive moods are identified as primary markers of objective modality. The main indicators of subjec­tive modality include modal vocabulary, represented by specific verbs, particles, words, and phrases. The presence of additional linguistic devices in the analyzed texts is also noted, con­tributing to the enhancement of the linguo-pragmatic ...

... functional and complex conflict. These theories offer analytical tools to explore the formation and evolution of contemporary global conflicts. Additionally, methods of normative legal analysis and comparative analysis were employed. The results of the study indicate that relations between Russia and the Central Asian countries are currently characterized by two main trends: cooperation and conflict. Most conflicts are functional in nature and are subject to political resolution. The conclusions of the study ...

... (in Russ.). Bykov, A. T. and Malyarenko, T. N., 2018. People in City: Preventive and Medi­cinal Role of the Nature Factors. Voennaya meditsina [Military medicine], 4 (49), pp. 104—114 (in Russ.). Demidenko, G. A., 2015. The Influence of the Climate Indicators and the Weather Phenomena of Large Cities on the Psychophysiologicalhuman Condition. Vestnik KrasGAU [The Bulletin of KrasGAU], 7 (106), pp. 3—8 (in Russ.). Gorelova, Yu. R., 2019. Obraz goroda v vospriyatii gorozhan [The image of the city ...

... pre-revolutionary Russia, lettering imitating the font of Soviet newspapers, Handwriting font, and Stencil font and their em­bed­dedness in current socio-cultural practice. The analysis uses advertising, social and com­mercial texts. The findings indicate that typography should be considered as a social meaning which results from indexical connections of a sign and the context it is used in. Semio­tification of space allows observing stronger reflexivity and, therefore, metapragmatic activity ...

... semantic coordination of elements of comparative con­structions based on predicate-actant relations or involves a combination of metaphors and similes in the text based on various relations between elements of the same semantic field. Along with the indicated types of interaction, the article describes cases of multiple images of one depicted object and representation of different objects in a unified figurative way. These cases are characterized as a special type of interaction of comparative tropes....

Translation Studies has branched out into a heterogeneous interdiscipline during the past few decades. This development is not only the result of the emergence of different kinds of translation practices, research questions and new technologies, but also of different epistemo­logical and ontological assumptions about the object of study. Four major areas are outlined: linguistic, cultural, cognitive and sociological. Connections between them are briefly dis­cussed, but the main tendency has been...

... developing from the 1850s, required new languages both to describe and to transform reality, as well as to produce a collective action. The tremendous public excitement, which spread across the most diverse strata of the Russian Empire in 1876—1877, was indicative of an effective mobilisation rhetoric. However, the disappointment, which quickly followed, and the devaluation of the events of those years by public opinion suggest that, although sanctioned by the authorities, the language of mobilisation ...

... condition of the Russian language in Estonia, outlines the emerging areas of research on the use of the Russian language and the features of language policy. The features of diaspora speech are described from the perspective of words and phrases, grammar indicators, language reflection, time, place, features of speech practices, and evaluations. The author considers the influence of language situation on the basic psychological, value-related, and cognitive layers of the linguistic personality. 1. Адамсон ...

... author comes to a conclusion that the Russian mentality — unlike the Latvian one — reflects the interaction and partial interference between the Christian an folk worldviews, whereas the notion of sin is found in the intersection areas, which is indicative of their similarity rather than identity. 1. Васильев П. П. Грех // Христианство : энциклопедический словарь : в 2 т. М., 1993. Т. 1. 2. Даль В. И. Пословицы русского ...

This article considers judgements about Napoleon in the culture of German pre-romanticism as signs of literary diagnostics indicative of the contradictory dialectics of artistic consciousness in distinguishing the “codes” of life and death in arts. The completely opposite assessment of Napoleon in the history of German romanticism identifies the problem of a human being ...

... number of details in the ‘self-portrait’, orientation towards the male psychological models of perceiving reality, and the use of an image of an ageing woman. Love and at the same time freedom are presented as a woman’s basic life values, which is indicative of changes in the female gender perception in the modern Russian society. 1. Амбарцумов И. Русский шансон. Русский рок. Русская судьба. 2010. URL: http:/www.polemics.ru/articles/?articleID=14113&hideText=0&itemPage=2 ...

... publication is available at https://korpora.zim.uni-duisburg- essen.de/kant/aa01/ [Accessed 10 March 2019]. Pagination and illustrations are from the same publication, the page numbers are in square brackets at the beginning of the page. Page footnotes, if indicated, draw on the commentaries of Lewis White Beck, the translator of the dissertation into English from the following edition: Kant, I., 2012. Natur­al Science, edited by E. Watkins, translated by L. W. Beck, J. B. Edwards, O. Reinhardt, M. Schönfeld ...

... the substantive elements of this correlation through addressing the concept of experience and the objectivity of experience and comes to the conclusion that objectivity as a result of objectification and as objectivity primary to the given objectivity indicate one another, thus, it is possible to speak of objectivity constituted “in” us and objectivity “justifying” the phenomenon. 1. Васильев В. В. Подвалы кантовской метафизики. М., 1998. 2. Гуссерль ...

... idealism’ in the field of the theoretical reason is completely compatible with epistemological realism. Hence, the term ‘thing in itself’ expresses neither ontological nor epistemological dualism. Rather it has a methodological function and it serves to indicate the possibility of different forms of discourses — religious, ethical, etc. The thesis is proven in three steps. First, the notion of ‘appearance’ is considered as ontologically identical to the thing in itself. Then, the author proposes ...

... Despite the fact that Condorcet was not familiar with Kant’s works, his general ideas on the autonomous subject, their reason and freedom, and history and social progress bear strong similarity to Kant’s views. However, the observed differences are indicative not only of Condorcet having overcome the prejudices of his time, but also of that his version of social, ethical, and political philosophy is alternative to Kant's theory of practical reason, as well as the philosophy of history of the Enlightenment ...

... period of European history, (primarily in the rationalistic tradition of Rene Descartes). The crucial significant in his concept of law is got neo-kantian axiology of Wilhelm Windelband and Heinrich Rickert. Following to neo-kantian thinkers Alexeev indicates, that genesis of culture is measured because a priori values are exist. Therefore individual is not a creator of these values per se. Value became the basis of Alexeev’s philosophy of law. Furthermore he elaborated axiological model of law ...

... when Cossack administrative entities incorporated into the state social-and-political system of Russia, was carried out. It was aimed at determining the status of business letters in the local system of documents. There have been identified several indicators of business letter consistency, like its self-designation, the direction of communication, capability of initiation, inclusion into a particular group of documents on the basis of their function. Within the system of business correspondence,...

... Korolenko’s disclosure of American themes. It is emphasized that the vision of America by both writers is ambivalent. From the point of view of Polish and Russian writers, America gives a chance for individual fulfillment, but the positions of both authors indicate their patriotism. This is confirmed, in particular, by nostalgic motifs in the novels “For Daily Bread” and “Without Language”.

... studies a fragment of the speech portrait of a modern Russian woman through the perception of a personal image. The role of personal names in women’s lives, the comprehension of naming, and the features of name functioning in verbal communication are indicated. The author analyzes the tendencies of changes in naming in various historical periods, as well as the reasons for such changes. The paper also studies the trends in the selection of names, identifies the criteria for a fashionable name and ...

... research on the topic of education in modern Orthodox com­pre­hensive education schools is not yet complete, some principles are characterized as guidelines for further study, and for some, the application in obtaining preliminary research results is indicated.

... specialised transla­tion in the steel industry. Technical translation has always been in high de­mand and occupies a significant niche in the translation services market. At the same time, experts mention the frequency of low-quality translations, which indicates certain issues in this type of practice. The authors attempt to consider the most frequent challenges in technical translation focusing on the texts and communicative situations of translation in the steel industry, con­sidering the transfer ...

... considers one of the aspects of its discursive representation, which is the lexical means used by the authors to portray a Muslim woman athlete. The research material comes from Russian Internet sources devoted to Muslim issues. The results of the research indicate that the word hijab is used as a key element for creating the image of a Muslim woman in sports texts. In the analyzed materials, the hijab is subjected to resemiotization, which nature depends on the role identification of the participants in ...