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... Russian Revolution implies an overall rethinking of his own relation to Marx as well as to Kant. Already in the spring of 1917, Gramsci foresaw that the February Revolution could become a proletarian revolution and that this would realise in fact Kant’s moral: only a society completely freed from oppression and exploitation would allow people to be free and autonomous. After the fall of the Winter Palace, Gramsci wrote that the revolution happened “against Marx’s Capital”, or better, against its ...

... Enlightenment and also appear as “related in essence”, above all with regard to religio-philosophical questions, Kant’s “moral determined monotheism” also contains an obvious criticism of Lessing’s religio-philosophical doctrines. This is also ... ...., neu bearbeitete Auflage. Stuttgart: Verlag der J. G. Cotta’schen Buchhandlung. Fischer, K., 1910. Geschichte der neuern Philosophie. 5. Band: Immanuel Kant und seine Lehre. 2. Teil: Das Vernunftsystem auf der Grundlage der Vernunftkritik. 5. Auflage....

... of the role of the rule in philosophy of law. It is shown that Alekseev employs the distinction between the a priori and empirical, suggested by the theory of values, in his philosophy. Values are identified as a basis for the development of law and morals in Alekseev’s philosophy. Comparing reality and values makes it possible to see how Alekseev combines the id eas of axiology of Neo-Kanitianism and phenomenology. To narrow the gap between the a priori and empirical in the theory of values proposed ...

... hopes on the future; the task of establishing perpetual peace rests with the human being themselves; as a result, everything depends on the development of personality, since it is that acts in the real world as an agent of freedom and ratio essendi of morality, whereas freedom is the ‘cornerstone’ for people striving for peace with all their hearts. The author of the article believes that the idea of perpetual peace formulated by Saint-Pierre, Rousseau, and Kant is always relevant for the humanity....

... Critique of Pure Reason and the Critique of Practical Reason, and shortly before the publication of Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals. Thus, these lectures are of special important for studying the process of development of the key ideas of Kant’s philosophy.... ... philosophische Religionslehre. Kiel, 1795. 22. Schwaiger Cl. Kategorische und andere Imperative. Zur Entwicklung von Kants praktischer Philosophie bis 1785. Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt, 1999. 23. Wimmer R. Kants kritische Religionsphilosophie. Berlin ; New York, 1990....

... Аноним. F. W. J. Schelling. Vorlesungen über die Methode des akademischen Studiums. Tübingen, 1803 // Московские ученые ведомости. 1805. № 32 (12 августа). 2. Аноним. G. R. Treviranus. Biologie, oder Philosophie der lebenden Natur, für Naturforscher und Aerzte. Bd. 1—2. Göttingen, 1804 // Московские ученые ведомости. 1805. № 3 (21 генваря). 3. Аноним. Immanuel Kant über Pädagogik. Hrsg. von ...

... century, Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz, dedicated to the great Königsberg native. This poetic paraphrase of Kant’s famous maxim from the conclusion of the Critique of Practical Reason associates the contemplation of the starry sky and the awareness of the moral law with the pessimistic and catastrophic tone of fear and dread. Iwaszkiewicz’s modification of Kant’s worldview is indirectly connected to the reception of the existential philosophy of Kierkegaard and Dostoevsky. The principle of simultaneity,...

... Old Enlightenment that favours (i) individualism, (ii) rationalism and in general (iii) a lack of balance between different elements such as reason and feelings. In this discussion note, I argue — based on Kant’s theoretical as well as practical philosophies — that the charges are not properly levelled at Kant. (i) In finding truth as well as what is morally right, Kant advocates abstracting from private ends and testing one’s views against the views of others. (ii) Kant also points out the limits of what we can know rationally; (iii) and in theoretical as well as practical cognition, he emphasises ...

... marksizma [Under the Banner of Marxism], 4-5, pp. 20-36. (In Rus.) Thalheimer, A., 1924b. Kants 200-jähriger Geburtstag in Deutschland. Arbeiter-Literatur (Wien), 1(9), pp. 458-477. Kant tercentenary, practical philosophy, free will, human dignity, moral law, philosophical reception, Russian Kantiana 7-16 10.5922/0207-6918-2024-1-1

... between the Christian religion and the Judaic tradition, the concept of the philosophy of culture, the relationship between morality and law and many other issues. The review pays particular attention to the works on the reception of Cohen’s philosophy ... ... Ethics in Russia. Kantian Journal, 4(50), pp. 98-100. Belov, V. N., 2015a. Cohens Ethik und ihre Rezeption in der russischen Philosophie des Rechts. IDEA — Studia nad strukturą i rozwojem pojęć filozoficznych, 27, pp. 373-381. Belov, V. N., 2015b....

... Cambridge University Press, pp. 279-309. Kant, I., 1996b. Critique of Practical Reason. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical philosophy. Translated and edited by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 139-271. Kant, I., 1996c. The Metaphysics of Morals. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Translated and edited by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 365-603. Pascal, B., 1941. Pensées. Translated by W. F. Trotter. In: B. Pascal, 1941. Pensées. The Provincial Letters....

... important link for Kant’s early thinking. It shows how he makes ancient tradition fruitful again for the Enlightenment as a substitute for rapturous and irrational mysticism as we know it from Jacob Böhme, for example. Ackeren, M. van, 2011. Die Philosophie Marc Aurels. Band 1: Textform — Stilmerkmale — Selbstdialog. Berlin & Boston: De Gruyter. Adelung, J. C., 1801. Grammatisch-kritisches Wörterbuch der hochdeutschen Mundart. Band 4. Leipzig: Breitkopf. Adickes, E., 1924. Kant als Naturforscher....

... Hamburg: Felix Meiner. Sala, G. B., 1990. Kant und die Frage nach Gott. Gottesbeweise und Gottesbeweiskritik in den Schriften Kants. Berlin & New York: De Gruyter. Santozki, U., 2006. Die Bedeutung antiker Theorien für die Genese und Systematik von Kants Philosophie. Berlin & New York: De Gruyter. Scheffner, J. G., 1823. Mein Leben, wie ich Johann George Scheffner es selbst beschrieben. Leipzig: J. G. Neubert. Seneca, L. A., 2007. Epistulae morales ad Lucilium. Briefe an Lucilius. Herausgegeben von G. Fink. Teil I. Düsseldorf: Artemis & Winkler. Seneca, L. A., 2008. Schriften zur Ethik. Die kleinen Dia­loge. Lateinisch-Deutsch. Herausgegeben von G. Fink. Düsseldorf & Zürich: Artemis ...

... The Collapse of Illusions. Filosofiya. Zhurnal Vysshey shkoly ekonomiki [Philosophy. Journal of the Higher School of Economics], 7 (2), pp. 203—222, https://doi.org/ 10.17323/2587-8719-2023-2-203-222 (in Russ.). Oittinen, V., 2019. Revolutionary Morality and the Russian Experience: Marx, Bakunin, Dostoyevsky. VOX Filosofskii zhurnal [VOX Phylosophical Journal], 26, pp. 13—24, https://doi.org/10.24411/2077-6608-2019-00002 . Available at: https:// vox-journal.org/html/issues/480/495.html [Accessed ...

... Society. Contemporary Political Theory, 1, pp. 329-347. Brosch, A., 2024. Haus, Markt, Staat. Ökonomie in Kants praktischer Philosophie und Anthropologie. Berlin & Boston: Walter de Gruyter. Davis, A., 1983. Women, Race & Class. New York: Vintage Books.... ... Translated and edited by T. F. Sellner. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. Honneth, A., 1995. The Struggle for Recognition: The Moral Grammar of Social Conflicts. Translated by J. Anderson. Cambridge: Polity Press. Hume, R. D., 2013. Money in Jane Austen....

... Chapelain’s texts are examined in their entirety, allowing for the tracing of the development of guiding ideas and the deepening of fundamental concepts in his theorizing, such as “verisimilitude”, “taste”, “decorum”, “utility”, “morality”, “erudition”, “fashion”, “clarity”, and “novelty”, which gain semantic complexity depending on their application to different — fictional and non-fictional — genres. Through the analysis of specific works by Chapelain, ...

... messages. This framework problem implies answering more specific questions — is there a reality (correlative to the meaning of judgments) that would guarantee the universali­ty of the meanings of linguistic expressions; is there a reality behind moralizing or judgments of taste that ensures agreement on value judgments if they become the content of communica­tion. What provides the typical identity of mental states (thoughts, perceptions, representa­tions, sensations) in different individuals,...

... foundation of the original pedagogy of Königsberg, which was called by K. Garber “an emblem of apocalypse” is Kant’s philosophical conviction that humanity will attain “perpetual peace” in the graveyard of humankind unless they make the “moral law” the initial principle of any causality. It is shown that N. M. Karamzin unveils the essence of this law with impressive precision and brevity in his letter. 1. Берковский Н. Я. Романтизм в Германии. Л., 1973....

... Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason]. Beijing: 人民出版社 Renmin chubanshe [People’s Publishing House]. Deng, X., 2012. 康德道德形而上学奠基句读 Daode xing’ershangxue dianji judu [A Commentary of Kant’s Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals]. Beijing: 人民出版社 Renmin chubanshe [People’s Publishing House]. Deng, X., 2014a. Eleven Lectures on Cultural Comparison between China and the West. Translated by C. Peng. Nottingham: Aurora Publishing LLC. Deng, X., 2014b. 世纪之风: ...

... Moralbewußtsein und kommunikatives Handeln. Frankfurt a/M : Suhrkamp, 1983. S. 53—126. Habermas J. Nachmetaphysisches Denken. Frankfurt a/M : Suhrkamp, 1988. Habermas J. Nachmetaphysisches Denken II. Frank­furt a/M : Suhrkamp, 2012. Langthaler R. Führt Moral unumgänglich zur Religion? Zur Kritik der Kantischen Religions­philosophie bei Jürgen Habermas — eine Entgegnung. Freiburg ; München : Alber, 2021. Rawls J. Eine Theorie der Gerechtigkeit. Frankfurt a/M : Suhrkamp, 1979.

... Philo­sophie und seine Stellung zu Kant. Tübingen & Leipzig: Mohr. Blumenberg, H., 1975. Die Genesis der kopernika­nischen Welt. Frankfurt a. M.: Suhrkamp. Carrier, M., 1991. Kraft und Wirklichkeit. Kants späte Theorie der Materie. In: Forum für Philosophie Bad Homburg, Hg. 1991. Übergänge. Untersuchungen zum Spätwerk Kants. Frankfurt a. M.: Suhrkamp, S. 208-230. Carl, W., 1992. Die Transzendentale Deduktion der Kategorien in der ersten Auflage der ‚Kritik der reinen Vernunft‘. Ein Kommentar....

... N. S., 1988. Rassudok, razum, racional’nost’ [Reason, Reason, Rationality]. Moscow: Nauka. (In Rus.) Descartes, R., 1992. Meditationes de prima philosophia. Lateinisch-Deutsch. Herausgegeben von L. Gäbe. Hamburg: Meiner. Habermas, J., 1983. Die Philosophie als Platzhalter und Interpret. In: J. Habermas, 1983. Moralbewußtsein und kommunikatives Handeln. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, S. 9-28. Habermas, J., 2012. Nachmetaphysisches Denken II. Aufsätze und Repliken. Berlin: Suhrkamp. Heidegger,...

Carruthers, P., 2017. Higher-Order Theories of Consciousness. In: S. Schneider and M. Velmans, eds. 2017. The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness. Hoboken. N. J.: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 288-297. Home, H., 2005. Essays on Principles of Morality and Natural Religion. Natural Law and Enlightenment Classics. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund. Hume, D., 1960. A Treatise of Human Nature. Reprinted from the original edition in 3 volumes and edited, with an Analytical Index, by L. A. Selby-Bigge....

... out how this architectonic methodological function of pure reason is tacitly used in Karl-Otto Apel’s contemporary philosophical research programme. Apel, K.-O., 1988. Diskurs und Verantwortung. Das Problem des Übergangs zur postkonventionellen Moral. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp. Apel, K.-O., 1994a. Selected Essays, Volume 1: Towards a Transcendental Semiotics. Edited by E. Mendieta. New Jersey: Humanities Press. Apel, K.-O., 1994b. From a Transcendental-Semiotic Point of View. Edited by M. ...

... autonomy — lacks a solid ground. Moreover, Natorp generally does not use the concept of anomie to characterise the state of morality and legal consciousness during early childhood, and Rubinstein’s position on this issue is closer to the position of ... ... [Social-Legal Representations and Self-Governing in Children]. Moscow: Pravo i Zhizn’. (In Russ.) 15. Walicki, A., 1987. Legal Philosophies of Russian Liberalism. Oxford: Clarendon Press. 16. Zhilyaeva, E. I., 2012. Problema cheloveka v sotsial’noi filo­sofii ...

... of Practical Reason (1788), and, in 2019, 120 years will have passed since the publication of Solovyov’s final version of The Justification of the Good (1899). Both of these works are the apexes of two different, yet closely related, traditions of moral philosophy — the German and the Russian. The conference will be devoted to the study of overlaps and influences between currently relevant aspects of the legacies of Kant and Solovyov. These aspects will also be examined in light of the views ...

... and Social Sciences, 3(88), pp. 94-102. (In Russ.) Eco, U., 2002. Migration, Tolerance and Intolerance. In: U. Eco, 2002. Five Moral Pieces. Translated by A. McEwen. New York & San Diego & London: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, pp. 89-111. Hans, N., 1950. Sergius ... ... Nicolai Copernici. Nauki Humanistyczno-Społeczne. Filozofia, 6 (130), pp. 87-98. Rickert, H., 1910—1911. Vom Begriff der Philosophie. Logos: Internationale Zeitschrift für Philosophie der Kultur, 1, pp. 1-34. Rickert, H., 1915. Kulturwissenschaft ...

... earlier in the works of C. Thomasius and C. Wolff. Anon., 1759. Neufchatel (Rev.: F. J. Durand, Aglaé philo­sophe ou Cours de Philosophie à la portée des Dames. Neufchatel, 1757, 330 p.). Wöchentliche gelehrte Nachrichten. Zum Hamburg. unparthenischen ... ... Göttingen: Wallstein. Grätz, M., 1999. Knigge als Erzieher in Theorie und Praxis. In: M. Rector, ed. 1999. Zwischen Weltklugheit und Moral. Der Aufklärer Adolph Freiherr Knigge. Göttingen: Wallstein. Griesbach, H., Schulz, D., 1976. Deutsche Sprachlehre für ...

... Recht und Frieden in der Philoso­phie Kants. Akten des X. Internationalen Kant-Kongresses. Bd. 3: Sektionen III—IV / Rohden V., Terra R., Almeida G. A. de, Ruffing M. (Hg). Berlin, 2008. 9. Himmelmann B. Die Lüge als Problem für Kants praktische Philosophie // Kant und die Berliner Aufklärung. Akten des IX. Internationalen Kant-Kongresses. Bd. III / Gerhardt V., Horstmann R.-P., Schumacher R. (Hg). Berlin; New York, 2001. 10. Kant und das Recht der Lüge / Geismann G., Oberer H. (Hg). Würzburg,...

... Аноним. F. W. J. Schelling. Vorlesungen über die Methode des akademischen Stu­diums. Tübingen, 1803 // Московскиеученые ведомости. 1805. № 32 (12 августа). 2. Аноним. G. R. Treviranus. Biologie, oder Philosophie der lebenden Natur, für Na­turforscher und Aerzte. Bd. 1—2. Göttingen, 1804 // Московские ученые ведомости. 1805. № 3 (21 генваря). 3. Аноним. Immanuel Kant über Pädagogik. Hrsg. von F. Th. Rink....

This article proves that the philosophical system of Kant is a system of transcendental anthropology, which acts a method in Kant’s pragmatic anthropology. The essence of transcendental anthropology is the metaphysics of morals. This role of morals manifests itself in the primacy of practical reason over the theoretical one. The humanity owes its development and existence to the practical reason. In Kant’s system, morality is the essence of humanity. 1. Гартман ...

... Spitz R. A., Wolf U. M. The Smiling Response: A Contribution to the Ontogenesis of Social Relations // Genetic Psychology Monoprints. 1946. 34. S. 57—125. 11. Stern D. Mutter und Kind. Die erste Beziehung. Stuttgart, 1979. 12. Velleman J. D. Love as a Moral Emotion // Ethics, 1999. Vol. 109. S. 338—374. 13. Winnicott D. Die Spiegelfunktion von Mutter und Familie in der kindlichen Ent­wicklung // Winnicott, Donald: Vom Spiel zur Kreativitaet, Stuttgart, 1974. S. 128—135.

... of Political Economy. 1974. 82(6). Р. 1063—1093. 4. Buchanan J., Tullock G. The Calculus of Consent // The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan. Indianapolis, 1999. Vol. 3. 5. Dworkin R. Taking Rights Seriously. Cambridge; MA, 1977. 6. Gaultier D. Morals by Agreement. Oxford, 1986. 7. Kymlicka W. Contemporary Political Philosophy. Oxford, 2002. 8. MacIntyre A. After Virtue. Notre Dame, 1981. 9. MacIntyre A. Whose Justice? Which Rationality? Notre Dame, 1988. 10. Rawls J. A Theory of Justice. Cambridge; ...

1.Кант И. Критика практического разума // Собр. соч.: в 8 т. / под ред. А. В. Гу­лыги. М., 1994. Т. 4. 2.Кант И. Критика чистого разума. М., 1994. 3.Кант И. О единственно возможном основании для доказательства бытия Бога // Собр. соч.: в 8 т. / под ред. А. В. Гулыги. М., 1994. Т. 1. 4.Arnold E. Möglichst vollständiges Verzeichniss aller von Kant gehaltenen oder auch nur angekündigten Vorlesungen nebst darauf bezüglichen Notizen und Bemerkun­gen // Altpreussische Monatsschrift. Königsberg, 1893. Bd...

... Moscow: “Mysl”, 1965. P. 107—438. 2. Kant, I. 1997, Osnovopolozheniye k metafisike nravov (Groundwork to the Metaphysics of Morals) // Kant, Immanuel. Sochineniya v 4 tomach na nemeckom I russkom yazykach. V.III. Moscow: Moskovskiy filosofskiy fond. ... ... Sex. Lanham — Boulder — New York — London : Rowman & Littlefield. 11. Windelband, W. 1904, Die Geschichte der neueren Philosophie in ihrem Zusammenhange mit der allgemeinen Kultur und den besondere

... Erdbebens von Lissabon im Spiegel europäischer Zeitgenossen, Darmstadt. Buschmann, C. 1987, Philosophischen Preisfragen und Preis­schriften der Berliner Akademie. Ein Beitrag zur Leibniz-Rezeption im 18. Jahrhundert, in: Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie, Bd. 35, pp. 779—789. Buschmann, C. 1989, Die philosophischen Preisfragen und Preisschriften der Berliner Akademie der Wissenschaften im 18. Jahrhundert, in: Förster, W. (hg.), Aufklärung in Berlin, Berlin, pp. 165—228. Carboncini, S....

... propositions necessarily supposed as objective ones. Otherwise, the systematic theoretical cognition and compliance with the moral law become impossible. However, this feature of Kant’s word usage is hardly taken into consideration. That is why Kant ... ... der Sitten. München, 1788. 27. Stattler B. Anti-Kant. München, 1788. 28. Tetens J. N. Ueber die allgemeine speculativische Philosophie. Bützow, Wismar, 1775. S. 27. ND: Über die allgemeine speculativische Philosophie. Philosophische Versu­che über ...

This article proves that Kant's philosophical system is a system of transcendental anthropology, which acts as a method in Kant’s pragmatic anthropology. The essence of transcendental anthropology is the metaphysics of morals. This role of morals manifests itself in the primacy of practical reason over the theoretical one. The humanity owes its development and existence to the practical reason. In Kant’s system, morality is the essence of humanity. 1. Апель ...

... Шопенгауэр А. Мир как воля и представление: в 2 т. Минск, 1999. Т. 2. 11. Bedau H. A. Casuistry // Encyclopedia of Ethics. 2nd ed. N. Y., 2001. 12. Jonsen A. R., Toulmin S. The Abuse of Casuistry: a History of Moral Reasoning. University of California Press, 1997. 13. Kim S. B. The Formation of Kant’s Casuistry and Method Problems of Applied Ethics // Kant-Studien. 100. Jahrgang. 2009. H. 3. S. 332—346. 14. Kiowsky H. Die intuitive Erkenntnis bei Schopenhauer ...

... I. 1966, Otvet na vopros: chto takoye Prosveshcheniye [Answering the Question: What Is Enlightenment?], in Kant, I. Sobranie sochineniy v 6 tomah [Collected works in 6 volumes], vol. 6, Moscow. 8. Kant, I. 1965, Metafizika nravov [The metaphysics of morals], in Kant, I. Sobranie sochineniy v 6 tomah [Collected works in 6 volumes], vol. 4(2), Moscow. 9. Markov A., 2009, Kant v russkoj poehzii (rec.) // Novoe literaturnoe obozrenie, 2009, № 95 [New Literary Review, 2009, № 95]. 10. Pushkin A. S....

.... Kant, I. 1964, Kritika chistogo razuma [Critique of Pure Reason] in: Kant, I. Sobranie sochineniy v 6 t. [Collected works in 6 volumes], vol 3, Moscow. 2. Kant, I. 1965, Оsnovy metafiziki nravov [Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals] in: Kant, I. Sobranie sochineniy v 6 t. [Collected works in 6 vo¬lu¬mes], vol 4(1), Moscow. 3. Kant, I. 1965a, Kritika prakticheskogo razuma [Critique of Practical Reason] in: Kant, I. Sobranie sochineniy v 6 t. [Collected works in 6 volumes],...

... Moscow. 2. Kant, I. 1966, Kritika sposobnosti suzhdenija [Critique of Judgment], in: Kant, I. Sobr. soch. v 6 t., [Collected works in 6 volumes], vol. 5, Moscow. 3. Kant, I. 1965б, Osnovyi metafiziki nravstvennosti [Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals], in: Kant, I. Sobranie sochineniy v 6 t. [Collected works in 6 volumes], vol. 4 (1), Moscow. 4. Kant, I. 1963, Kritika chistogo razuma [Critique of Pure Reason], in: Kant, I. Sobr. soch. v 6 t., [Collected works in 6 volumes], vol. 3, Moscow....

... anthropological premises, which is often viewed as a virtue. However, Kant’s political teaching is closely connected with moral anthropology, which is considered as another virtue. Justifying their actions with empirical observations, politicians violate ... ... Kantovskij sbornik [Kant’s Compendium]. 2014. No. 4 (50).S. 54—60. 23. Albus, V. 2001, Weltbild und Metapher. Untersuchungen zur Philosophie im 18. Jahrhundert. Würzburg, 2001. 24. Borries, K. 1928, Kant als Politiker. Leipzig. 25. Brandt, R. 1997, Antwort ...

... practices. The problem of play at the interface of its interactions is examined in the context of a danger of an ‘offensive of spectres’ against the reality, which can turn the latter in a ‘simulated hyperreality’. The author stresses Kant’s moral rigour in the context of game theory, which is interpreted as an indirect warning against ‘chimeras of imagination’ capable of transporting ‘spectres’ into actual ontology. It is stated that such transportation is reflected in the characteristics ...

... complimentary to revolutionary-democratic poetry. A. Fet was guided by Kant’s principle of aesthetics stating that the function of art is constituting the world of values. It does not and cannot replace either science, which is meant to cognise the world, or morality, which is meant to organise the world of the social. The principle of purity characteristic of Kant’s philosophy was applied by A. Fet to art. It means that art for art’s sake is not limited to aesthetic values but includes their whole range....

... stress field between the rust of greed and the gold of sensible heart, Lessing relies on the pedagogical power of catharsis of morals under the influence of true art. 1. Гораций К. Ф. Наука поэзии (330—331) // Вергилий. Гораций.... ... 3. Goethe J. W. Faust // Johann Wolfgang Goethe. Werke : in 14 Bdn. München, 1988. Bd. 3. 4. Helferich Ch.. Geschichte der Philosophie. Stuttgart, 1992. 5. Lessing G. E. Hamburgische Dramaturgie // Lessings Werke : in 5 Bdn. Weimar, 1963. Bd. 4. 6....

... Cohen’s ethical constructions.When analyzing Cohen’s ethics, Russian theorists of law focused on the correlation between law and morals. In this connection, the central issue was the legal orientation of the Marburg philosopher’s ethics.The main drawback ... ... Философские сочинения. СПб., 2011. С. 284—309. 13. Cassirer E. Hermann Cohen und die Erneuerung der Kantischen Philosophie. In: Kant-Studien, Bd. 17, Berlin, 1912. S. 252—273. 14. Cohen H. Ethik des reinen Willens. 2. Aufl. Berlin, 1907....

... his theory of justice, reveals its complex basis: on one hand, it is an attempt to attach broader and deeper Kantian philosophical foundations to “ratonal egoist” of classical utilitarianism (idea of autonomy, ability of self-determination through moral law); on the other hand, the notion of “life plan”, emphasizing rationality of human interests and actions and opening a possibility for happiness, connects Rawls’ theory to Aristotle’s virtue ethics and to contemporary communitarianism....

... which undermines the foundation of ethics. Many philosophers tried to avoid such fatalism through expanding and refining the concept of necessity and identifying its different types, for example, conditional and unconditional,absolute and hypothetical, moral, natural and others. The article considers the concept of necessity in the major philosophical works of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Christian Wolff,Immanuel Kant, August Christian Crusius and other authors, as well as their attempts at harmonizing ...

This article proves that Kant’s philosophical system is a system of transcendental anthropology, which acts as a method in Kant’s pragmatic anthropology. The essence of transcendental anthropology is the metaphysics of morals. This role of morals manifests itself in the primacy of practical reason over theoretical reason. The humanity owes its development and existence to practical reason. In Kant’s system, morality is the essence of humanity. 1. Гартман Н....