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... Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason to demonstrate the existence of evil disposition (Gesinnung). The author be¬lieves that, in this work, Kant introduces two innovations in respect of the fundamental project presented in the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. He emphasises that freedom is not justified and postulates a transcendental structure similar to the unity of transcendental apperception in order to unify all volitions of an agent and make the initial application of freedom possible. The first innovation gives rise to a number of questions as to the justification ...

... and Time in the Philo­sophy of V. D. Kudryavtsev-Platonov. Philosophical Thought, 6, pp. 42-53. https://doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2021.6.35381 . (In Rus.) Rozhin, D. O., 2021c. Reception of Kant’s Epistemological Ideas in Fyodor Golubinsky’s Metaphysics. Kantian Journal, 40(1), pp. 97-123. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2021-1-3 . Soboleva, M. E., 2017. Analytical Kant Studies, Transcendental Idealism, and the Thing in Itself. Kantian Journal, 36(4), pp. 88-99. https://doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2017-4-6 . (In Rus.) Specht, A., 2014. F. A. Trendelenburg and the Neglected Alternative. British Journal for the History of Philosophy,...

... ‘analytic’ and ‘philosophy’. The current use is different from the earlier ones and not applicable to Kant. He argues against the transcendental idealism and the coarse-grained distinction between analytic and synthetic and a priori and a posteriori that requires ... ... and translated by P. Guyer and A. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2002a. Jottings for the Progress of Metaphysics. In: I. Kant. Theoretical Philosophy after 1781. Edited by H. Alli­son and P. Heath, translated by G. Hatfield. Cambridge: ...

.... Kant and Artificial Intelligence: World Models. Kantian Journal, 1(16), pp. 80-89. (In Rus.) Bryushinkin, V. N., 2013. The Transcendental Synthesis of World Models in Intellectual Systems. In: S. Bacin, A. Ferrarin, Cl. La Rocca and M. Ruffing, eds.... ... Huizinga, J., 1980. Homo Ludens: Study of the Play Element in Culture. London & Boston & Henley: Routledge. Kant, I., 1996. The Metaphysics of Morals. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Edited and translated by M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University ...

... and also of their conceptual content. The key to a proper understanding lies in the realisation that they are derived from the so­called table of judgements in the Critique of Pure Reason and the functions of thinking, which it compiles by means of a metaphysical deduction. I therefore interpret the categories of freedom consistently from the table of judgements and reconstruct their conceptual content from the functions of thinking underlying each category. Furthermore, Kant justifies by means of a transcendental deduction the fact that the categories of freedom necessarily relate to all objects of the will. I argue that the categories are concepts constitutive for the object of the will: the role they play is that of the functions of willing an ...

... 20(2), pp. 477-497. Giglioni, G., 2014b. Who Is Afraid of Frances Yates? ‘Giordano Bruno and the Hermetic Tradition’ (1964) Fifty Years Later. Bruniana & Campanelliana, 20(2), pp. 421-432. Gottschlich, M., 2015. The Necessity and Limits of Kant’s Transcendental Logic, With Reference to Nietzsche and Hegel. The Review of Metaphysics, 69(2), pp. 287-315. Harré, R., 2005. Chemical Kinds and Essences Revisited. Foundations of Chemistry, 7, pp. 7-30. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:FOCH.0000042885.93975.69 . Heelan, P. A., 2002. Afterword: The Hermeneutics of Natural Science....

... be confirmed in relation to individual theorems, such as the relationship between attraction and repulsion force, even though the reasons for Lambert and Kant’s deviation from Newton’s theory of gravity also differ. For in its main features the transcendental metaphysics of Kant’s nature is substantially different from the mathematical methodology of Lambert’s theory of nature. In addition, Lambert stuck throughout his life to a theonomous natural teleology in the succession of Wolff, which was fundamentally ...

... substantial differences in the views of Kant and Heidegger on being. To this end I analyse Heidegger’s work Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics which Heidegger was writing intermittently during the period from 1927 to 1964. It deals not only with the ideas of ... ... Existence of God (1763), in which Kant explicitly addressed the question of being for the first time. Heidegger focuses on the transcendental power of imagination not only as the “common root” of sensibility and understanding, but also as the fundamental ...

... as Vorschein, implies an inherently open world. Following Fink, I analyse these provisions and examine, first, light as the metaphysical source of cognition, second, the human being as a special kind of being, third, the pre-Socratic treatment of being ... ... which questions Kant’s agnosticism. Burkhanov, R. A., 2016. Thing in itself and a Phenomenon, Noumenon and Phenomenon, Transcendental, Immanent and Transcendent in the Theoretical Philosophy of Immanuel Kant. Historical, Philosophical, Political ...

... Kant-Studies. Voprosy Filosofii, 3, pp. 129-140. (In Rus.) Strawson, P., 1966. The Bounds of Sense. An Essay on the Critique of Pure Reason. London: Routledge. Vasilyev, V. V., 1998. Podvaly kantovskoi metafiziki (deduktsiia kategorii) [Basements of Kant’s Metaphysics: Deduction of the Categories]. Moscow: Nasledie. (In Rus.) Vasilyev, V. V., 2005. Kant’s Transcendentalism and Wolfian Psychology. In: Istoriko-filosofskii ezhegodnik 2004 [History of Philosophy Yearbook 2004]. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 238-249. (In Rus.) Vasilyev, V. V., 2010. Filosofskaia psikhologiia v epokhu Prosveshcheniya [Philosophical Psychology ...

... influence of Euler at the end of the fifties of the eighteenth century and finally leads to his writing of 1768 and the adoption of transcendental idealism in 1770. In the following, I depict this asynchronicity by taking central pre-critical writings into account ... ... Gravitationsgesetz bei Newton, Kant und Fries. Kant-Studien, 106(2), pp. 259-275. Hyder, D. 2019. Kant on Time I: The Kinematics of the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science. Kant-Studien, 110(3), pp. 477-497. Jammer, M., 1993. Concepts of Space. New York: ...

... and practical reason in Kant’s and Husserl’s practical philosophy. Relying on the explanation of the relationship between transcendental and practical freedom given in Kant's practical philosophy, the author problematizes Kant’s thesis about the ... ... Kant, I. 1997, Osnovopolozenie k metafisike nravov, in: Kant I. Sochinenija na nemezkom i russkom jazikah [Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals]. In: Kant I. Works in German and Russian], Moscow. Volume III. 8. Kant, I. 1997a, Kritika prakticheskogo ...

... Categorical Imperative // The Philosophical Review.1995. Vol. 104, № 3. P. 353—385. 6. Kant I. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals // The Cambridge Edition of Works of Immanuel Kant. Practical Philosophy. Cambridge, 1999. P. 37—109. 7. Kant I. The Metaphysics of Morals // Ibid. P. 353—605. 8. Nozik R. Anarchy, State, and Utopia. Oxford, 1993. 9. Rawls J. Lectures on the History of Moral Philosophy. Harvard, 2000. 10. Stroud B. Transcendental Arguments // The Journal of Philosophy. 1968. Vol. 65,№ 9. P. 241—256.

... Critique of Pure Reason. Edited and translated by P. Guyer and A. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2002. Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science. In: I. Kant, 2002. Theoretical Philosophy after 1891. Translated by M. Friedman. ... ... 2021a. Kant’s Metaphilosophy. Open Philosophy, 4, pp. 292-310. https://doi.org/10.1515/op phil-2020-0190. Lewin, M., 2021b. Transcendental Philosophy as a Scientific Research Programme. Kantian Journal, 40(3), pp. 93-126. https://doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2021-3-4 ...

... of Pure Reason. Edited and translated by P. Guyer and A. Wood. Cambridge: Cam­bridge University Press. Kant, I., 1996. The Metaphysics of Morals. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Edited by M. J. Gregor, translated by A. W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge ... .... Kant’s Metaphilosophy. Open Philosophy, 4(1), pp. 292-310. https://doi.org/10.1515/op phil-2020-0190. Lewin, M., 2021b. Transcendental Philosophy as a Scientific Research Programme. Kantian Journal, 40(3), pp. 93-126. https://doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2021-3-4 ...

... In: I. Kant, 1991. Political Writings. Edited by H. S. Reiss. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 61-63. Kant, I. 1999. Metaphysical Elements of Justice. Translated by J. Ladd. Indianapolis & Cambridge: Hackett. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason.... ... of Public Use of Pragmatic Reason. Social Sciences and Contemporary World, 2, pp. 114-125. (In Rus.) Zilber, A. S., 2016. How Transcendental are Kant’s Principles of Public Law? Kantian Journal, 1(55), pp. 34-51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2016-1-3 ...

... by N. Wolterstorff. Bloomington & Indianapolis: Indiana University Press. Jacobs, N., 2006. Kant’s Prototypical Theology: Transcendental Incarnation as a Rational Foundation for God-Talk. In: C. L. Firestone and S. R. Palmquist, eds. 2006. Kant and ... ... and edited by P. Guyer and A. W. Wood. Cambridge & New York: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 1998b. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. Translated and edited by M. Gregor. Cambridge-New York: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2009. Religion ...

... Anselm’s ontological argument. Religious Studies, 47, pp. 345-357. Heidegger, M., 1969. The Onto-theo-logical Constitution of Metaphysics. In: M. Heidegger, 1969. Identity and Difference. Translated by J. Stambaugh. New York, Evanston & London: Harper ... ... 2 (Descartes et l’Allemagne), pp. 37-250. Protopopov, I. A., 2012. The Problem of Ontological Proof and the Concept of the Transcendental Ideal in Philosophy of Kant. Einai. Filosofiya. Religiya. Kul’tura [Einai. Philosophy. Religion. Culture], 1 ...

... Mathematics through the Lens of Cognitive Research, Voprosy Filosofii, 11, pp. 87-96. (In Rus.) Fugate, C. D., 2014. The Teleology of Reason. A Study of the Structure of Kant’s Critical Philosophy. New York & Berlin: De Gryuter. Kalin, M. G., 1972. Kant’s Transcendental Arguments as Gedankenexperimente. Kant-Studien, 63, pp. 289-328. Kant, I., 2004a. Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science. In: I. Kant, 2004. Theoretical Philosophy after 1781, edited by H. Allison and P. Heath. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 171-270. Kant, I., 2004b. Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics. Translated ...

... B. Louden; translated by R. B. Louden. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 434-485. Kant, I., 2011. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. German-English Edition. Translated by M. Gregor, edited by J. Timmermann. Cambridge: Cambridge University ... ... Ethical Theory: An Anthology. Second Edition. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 593-607. Schelling, F. W. J., 2001. System of Transcendental Idealism. Translated by P. Heath, Introduction by M. Vater. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia. Singer,...

... paradigmatic case of the famous Königsbergian proponent of Aristotelianism, Paul Rabe, Kant cannot have received the suggestion for his own critical distinction from Rabe’s Cursus Philosophicus. Instead, Piccart refers to a passage of Aristotle’s Metaphysics, which suggests the very distinction between an analytic philosopher who searches for scientific truth and dialecticians and sophists. For different reasons, they do not claim any scientific seriousness. Adickes, E., 1887. Kants Systematik ...

In his first Kant book of 1929 Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics Martin Heidegger focusses, not surprisingly, on one of the two central themes from his two years earlier major book Being and Time — the question of the essence of time. It cannot be overseen that he tries to show that his conception of ...

Neo-Kantianism is traditionally seen as a philosophy that was formed to develop and actualise Kant’s philosophy and Kantian transcendental methodology. However, Kant was the determining, but by no means the only, influence on the emergence of the neo-Kantian ... ... theories contain the ideas of self-consciousness “in the spirit” of Fichte. The conclusion is drawn that the growth of the metaphysical component in neo-Kantian doctrines may be connected with the influence of Fichte’s philosophy. Beiser, F....

....pt/bitstream/10451/18450/1/pereira_2014_argumentos_transcendentais> ; [Accessed 22 March 2019]. Pereira, S. R., 2016. Stroud and Transcendental Arguments Revisited. Sképsis, A special issue about Barry Stroud’s philosophy, 7(14), pp. 188-206. Pereira, S. R., 2017a. Transcendental Arguments Against Metaphysical External-World Skepticism. Sképsis, 8(15), pp. 157-178. Pereira, S. R., 2017b. What is the Scandal of Philosophy? International Journal for the Study of Skepticism, 7, pp. 1-28. Pereira, S. R., 2017c. A Non-Dual Epistemic Phenomenalist ...

... the analysis of subjectivity, the complete elimination of psychological motives and the separation of transcendentalism from transcendentism. These principles enable Salagov to ground a three-part structure of cognition (consciousness, being, committing ... .... Edited and translated by P. Guyer and A. W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Kant, I., 2011. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. A German-English Edition. Traslated by M. Gregor, edited by J. Timmermann. Cambridge: Cambridge University ...

.... Translated and edited M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 133-271. Kant, I., 1996d. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Translated and edited M. J. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University ... ... Cambridge University Press. pp. 156-174. Longuenesse, B., 1998. Kant and the Capacity to Judge: Sensibility and Discursivity in the Transcendental Analytic of the Critique of Pure Reason. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Louden, R. B., 2000. Kant’s ...

... Selbstbewußtsein und Selbster­kenntnis in Kants transzendentaler Deduktion. In: D. H. Heidemann, Hg. 2002. Probleme der Subjektivität in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Stuttgart und Bad Cannstatt: fromann-holzboog, S. 85-106. Carl, W., 2008. The Highest Point of Transcendental Philosophy. In: J. Stolzenberg und K. Ameriks, Hg. 2008. Jahrbuch des Deutschen Idealismus / International Yearbook of German Idealism 2007. Band 5: Me­taphysik / Metaphysics. Berin und Boston: De Gruyter, S. 33-46. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110192438.1.33 . Düsing, K., 1987. Cogito, ergo sum? Untersuchungen zu Descartes und Kant. In: H.-D. Klein, Hg. 1987. Wiener Jahrbuch für Philosophie 19, Wien: New Academic ...

... categorial apparatus were mainly connected with the criticism of the Neo-Kantian theory of cognition and the possibility of transcendent knowledge as such. The main sources of my study are The Intuitive Basis of Knowledge and The World as an Organic ... ... (In Rus.) Berdnikova, A. Yu., 2017. ‘Back To Kant’ or ‘Back To Leibnitz’? A Critical View from the History of Russian Metaphysical Personalism. Kantian Journal, 36(2), pp. 33-45. (In Rus.) Beshkareva, I. Yu., 2016. Intuitionism in Russian philosophy: ...

... Rickert, the main representative of the Baden Neo-Kantianism School. The author analyses the key arguments put forward by Rickert against the understanding of cognition as a reflection of reality. Rickert’s standpoint is neutral. He criticises the transcendental theory of reflection, but does not reject the idea of reflection as a model of cognition and acknowledges the immanent theory of reflection as relatively justified. The article also addresses the standpoint of another representative of ...

... analysis of Kant’s refutation of the ontological argument in his dissertation A New Elucidation of the First Principles of Metaphysical Cognition (Nova dilucidatio). The author explains the importance of the pre-critical argument analysis for the understanding ... ... philosophes / Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie. 1972. Bd. 54. S. 37—88. 12. Schmucker J. On the Development of Kant's Transcendental Theology. / ed. L. W. Beck. Proceedings of the Third International Kant Congress. Dordrecht, 1972. P. 495—500....

This article offers a critical analysis of the general idea of “overcoming Kant”, presented by Ye. N. Trubetskoy in the book “The metaphysical assumptions of knowledge” (1917). 1. Соловьёв В. С. Теоретическая философия // Соловьёв В. С. Собр. соч.: в 9 т. 1-е изд. СПб., 1903. Т. 8. 2. Соловьёв В. С. Критика ...

This article presents an overview of Russian philosophers’ publications in German periodicals of the late 19th/early 20th centuries. At the time, Germany boasted a significant number of journals dedicated to philosophy or addressing philosophical problems. Even in the first approximation, there are several dozen journals featuring either texts by Russian scientists or works dedicated to Russian philosophy. Of special importance are two journals with the most pronounced presence of Russian authors...

... and an overview of Kant’s philosophical system. The central thesis is the statement that Kant’s epistemology is based on transcendental anthropology connected with the history of philosophy. It is proven that, in terms of its content, the formal dual ... ... [Collected works in 6 volumes], vol 3, Moscow. 2. Kant, I. 1965, Оsnovy metafiziki nravov [Fundamental Principles of the Metaphysic of Morals] in: Kant, I. Sobranie sochineniy v 6 t. [Collected works in 6 vo¬lu¬mes], vol 4(1), Moscow. 3. Kant,...

... is shown that, as concepts of things, noumena are divided into substan tial and empty ones. Substantial noumena correspond to transcendental objects as the material of possible experience, which has become or can become actual, on the one hand. On the ... ...., [Collected works in 6 volumes], vol. 5, Moscow. 3. Kant, I. 1965б, Osnovyi metafiziki nravstvennosti [Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals], in: Kant, I. Sobranie sochineniy v 6 t. [Collected works in 6 volumes], vol. 4 (1), Moscow. 4. Kant, I....

... Concepts’ is taken as a clue to distinguishing the Doctrine of Schematism from the Deduction of the Pure Concepts of the Understanding. This provides clarity on the function of schematism. The author conceives of schematism as something entirely new to the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories, namely, as preparation for the use of categories as predicates in sentences known as the ‘Principles of Understanding’ referring to phaenomena (appearances in time and space) rather than the undetermined ...

... transcendental in future. 1. Aguirre, A. 1970, Genetische Phänomenologie und Reduktion. Zur Letztbegründung der Wissenschaft aus der radikalen Skepsis im Denken E. Husserls. Phaenomenologica 38, Haag: Martinus Nijhoff, 197 s. 2. Allison, H. 1983, Kant’s Transcendental Idealism. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 537 p. 3. Carr, D. 1997, „Krisis“ Husserla i Problema Istorii. [Husserl’s “Crisis” and a Problem of History], in: Metaphysicheskie Issledovania [The Metaphysical Investigation], № 3, St. Petersburg: St Petersburg State University, P. 214—241. 4. Carr, D. 1987, Interpreting Husserl. Critical and Comparative Studies. In: Phaenomenologica, 106, Dordrecht, Lancaster: Martinus Nijhoff, 303 p. 5. Carr,...

... the basic questions and problems of rational theology, namely: the concept of theology, arts of natural theology, the idea of highest essence, possible types of arguments for the existent of God and their limitations etc. The first part is called “Transcendental theology”. It is of limited research interest, since it largely follows contemporary textbooks (first of all, Baumgarten’s Metaphysics). The second part “Moral Theology” is of considerable research interest, since it departs from the textbook material and presents Kant’s own ideas on the subject. This manuscript is dated winter semester 1783/84, i. e. the period between ...

This article offers a critical analysis of the general idea of “overcoming Kant”, presented by Ye. N. Trubetskoy in the book “The metaphysical assumptions of knowledge” (1917). 1. Соловьёв В. С. Теоретическая философия // Соловьёв В. С. Собр. соч.: в 9 т. 1-е изд. СПб., 1903. Т. 8. 2. Соловьёв В. С. Критика ...

... especially when describing both the world as a whole and its constituent bodies. Consequently, the initial meaning of that notion underwent peculiar changes: not only an artificial mechanism but also a natural organic body were defined as machines. A metaphysical comprehension of the notion of machine was developed predominantly in the framework of cosmology. 1. Васильев В. В. Философская психология в эпоху Просвещения. М., 2010. 2. Вольф Хр....