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This article identifies the origins of some ideological stereotypes relating to the perception of Serbs in Russia in the late 18th/19th century and their political and economic practices. It is shown that, on the one hand, the image of Serbs was largely distorted by ideas prevalent in the Russian society at the time and, on the other hand, Russians were illinformed about the perception of Russia in Serbia. 1. Архив внешней политики Российской империи. 2. Богоявленский С. К. Из русско-сербских...

This article considers the semantics of Russian and Lithuanian zoonym phraseological units and performs their semantic and structural systematisation. The author identifies the cultural linguistic features of fixed expressions containing a zoonym component in the worldview of native speakers. 1. Гак В. Г. Сравнительная типология французского и русского языков. М., 1976. 2. Гудавичюс А. Сопоставительная семасиология литовского и русского языков. Вильнюс, 1985. 3. Зайнуллина Л. М. Композиционная...

This article considers judgements about Napoleon in the culture of German pre-romanticism as signs of literary diagnostics indicative of the contradictory dialectics of artistic consciousness in distinguishing the “codes” of life and death in arts. The completely opposite assessment of Napoleon in the history of German romanticism identifies the problem of a human being as a “field of fate” — a site of the battle between the Light and Darkness. The author emphasises the transformation of the legend...

This article addresses the problems of appropriate perception and decoding of a folklore text in the process of learning Russian as a foreign language. The author analyses the image and concept-related cultural difficulties faced by foreigners when studying Russian folk tales. The article identifies the differences in perceiving and assessing the culturally relevant folklore motifs by recipients with different cultural mental setups. It is stressed that studying folk tales gives foreign students...

This article presents a gender portrait of a man as seen in modern “male” Russian chanson. Two types of such portrait are identified: the lyrical one that is reconstructed on the basis of the songwriter’s self-expression and the objective one that develops when the songwriter looks at a man as another. In these circumstances, a man appears as a philosopher striving to comprehend life and his place in it. 1. Берестнев Г. И. Женщина глазами мужчины в современном русском шансоне // Вестник Балтийского...

This article analyses L. Leonov’s novel «The Pyramid» from the perspective of hermeneutical and intertextual methodologies and identifies the coordinates of the text’s literary dialogue with the reader’s perception. The author shows that the hermeneutical and intertextual research methodologies make it possible to identify the multitude of intersections of literary layers, evaluations, and positions and describe the dynamic process of modelling a literary meaning, which employs intertextual connections...

This article offers an overview of the discipline ‘Language activation and language teaching strategy’ taught to students of philology at the University of Gdansk. It is emphasised that the course pays special attention to acquiring knowledge and its application in the course of individual studies. The results of an annual survey of junior students of Russian philology at the University of Gdansk help identify the factors of effective teaching of foreign languages. 1. Anisimowicz B. Alternatywne...

This article examines the approaches of modern international scholars to the problem of anagrams in ancient texts. The author addresses the following “problem nodes”: the difficulty of proving the presence of an anagram in each individual case and the ambiguity of the question as to the arbitrary or systematic nature of anagrammatic structures and anagrams’ functions. Solving these problems will contribute to identifying the major avenues of further research on anagrams. 1. Гаты Заратустры. URL:...

This article examines the work of V.Ye. Cheshikhin as a translator, populariser, and interpreter of the legend of Tristan and Iseult — the basis of libretto to R. Wagner’s opera. The author identifies the basic assumptions of V.Ye. Cheshikhin’s critical concept: Wagner as an “interpreter of the old legend”, the connection between the Tristan and Iseult legend with the texts of Hellenic and Celtic cultures, the emphasis on the language component of the legend and opera, and the role of literary influences...

This article considers the aesthetic views of Delvig as a critic and identifies the sources that help him develop individual criteria for assessing literary works. The author emphasises his original interpretation of theoretical problems of aesthetics characteristic of Romanticism. It is stressed that the category of harmony defined by Delving as a crucial principle of artistry is very productive in his system of views and underlies his own poetry. 1. Вацуро В. Э. Антон Дельвиг — литератор // Дельвиг...

This article examines the use of a multi-language anagrammatic code in Yu. Buida’s works. The authors identify the anagrammatic foundations of the “Venice text” in the shorty story “All the floating by” from the collection The Prussian Bride. It is shown that the core of the system is the anagrammatic variation of the words Венеция / невеста и море / amor / mors. The matrimonial and funeral semantics of the night boat rides of the female character along the Pregolya is emphasised. The authors consider...

The transaltions of D. Merezhkovsky’s works into the Latvian langauge by A. Austriņš help analyse the receptions of Russian symbolism in the Latvian culture of the 19th-20th centuries. The author suggests that A. Austriņš’s decision to translate D. Merezhkovsky texts was affected by the historical background of the 1910s – the formation of national ideas in the regions of the Russian empire, the search for peoples’ self-identity, and the 1905 revolution as a major historical event. Austriņš’s translations...

The intertextual connections with the Bible found in the cycle ‘Songs in Letters So She Won’t Be Bored’ (My Sister Life, 1917) help identify the features of artistic expression of the Christian ideas of immortality in the early works of B. Pasternak. An analysis of the author’s symbolism shows that the philosophising persona of Pasternak’s book ponders on death looking for the ways to overcome it. The way to overcome “boredom”— death is the “narrow way” of the Gospel, whereas the motif of grace is...

... Communication.Berlin ; N. Y., 1985. P. 126—142. 10. Hasan R. Ways of saying: ways of meaning // The Semiotics of Culture and Language. L., 1984. Vol. 1 : Language as Social Semiotics. P. 105—162. 11. Tillner G. Masculinity and Xenophobia: The Identity of Dominance // Masculinity and male roles in the perspective of a culture of peace. Oslo, 1997. P. 43—62.

This article addresses the issue of the specific features of the metaphor in “prophetic” dreams. The following features are identified as specific: the representation of the specific through the specific (abstract semantics is ensured by metonymy), spontaneity, integration into cultural contexts, elimination of functional borders between nominativity and predicativity, closeness to the object and cognitive metaphors. The author arrives at a conclusion that, in dreams, the metaphor brings together...

The most vivid characteristics of a person capable of having ‘prophetic’ dreams are identified on an analytical basis. The authors consider such aspects as the dreamer’s gender, age, ability of semantic development of dreams, and ability to understand their prophetic nature. The combination of these parameters comprises the portrait of a dreamer. 1. Берестнев Г. И. Слово, язык и за их пределами. Калининград, 2007. 2. Витгенштейн Л. Философские работы. М., 1994. Ч. 1. 3. Фрейд З. Введение в психоанализ...

This article analyses the role of the cathedral and the icon in the lives of V. Shukshin’s characters: the author shows the most important features of the Russian national character of the second half of the 20th century, as well as the peculiarities of the axiological system characteristic of a non-clerical, but religious consciousness. The author identifies typological features of the characters according to their attitude to the society and nature. The article shows how the tradition of Russian...

The cultural portrait of the man is reconstructed on the basis of contemporary Russian jokes in the context of gender studies. The author identifies such typical traits as love of drinking and watching sports programmes, laziness, ostentatious eroticism, etc. At the same time, certain mechanism of the comical are defined from the perspectives of cultural and cognitive linguistics. 1. Арутюнова Н. Д., Падучева Е. В. Истоки, проблемы и категории прагматики // Новое в зарубежной лингвистике. М., 1985...

1. Daija P. Baltijas apgaismības virzienu kontrasti un nozīme latviešu 18. gadsimta literatūras attīstībā // Latviešu literatūras procesi un personības. Rīga, 2008. 2. Daija P. Genesis of the Concept of Statehood and Perception of Patriotism in Latvian Enlightenment Literature // Latvia and Latvians: A People and a State in Ideas, Images and Symbols. Rīga, 2000. 3. Dann O., Hroch M. Einleitung // Patriotismus und Nationsbildung am Ende des Heiligen Römischen Reiches. Köln, 2003. 4...

This article offers a review of the activities of I.P. Khmelnitsky at the Königsberg University of the 1760s, examines the ideational and philosophical context, and identifies the role and position of Khmelnitsky in the intellectual polemics of the mid-18th century. The author emphasises that D. Weymann referred to Khmelnitsky’s works when debating with I. Kant. 1. Аноним. Хмельницкий, Иван Парфентевич // Русский биографический словарь. СПб., 1901. Т. 21. 2. Болотов А. Т. Жизнь и приключения Андрея...

The connection between grotesque and myth is shown in the context of Yu. Buida’s collection of short stories The Prussian Bride. The author identifies the thematic areas of the intersection between grotesque, hyperbole, and the comical and analyses the linguistic means of their representation. 1. Агеев А. Черная бабочка сновидений // Знамя. 1999. № 7. 2. Бахтин М. М. Творчество Франсуа Рабле и народная культура Средневековья. М., 1990. 3. Белый А. Мастерство Гоголя. М., 1996. 4. Блэк М. Метафора...

... Russian mentality — unlike the Latvian one — reflects the interaction and partial interference between the Christian an folk worldviews, whereas the notion of sin is found in the intersection areas, which is indicative of their similarity rather than identity. 1. Васильев П. П. Грех // Христианство : энциклопедический словарь : в 2 т. М., 1993. Т. 1. 2. Даль В. И. Пословицы русского народа. М., 2006. 3. Даль ...

This article provides an analysis of the situation around studying the problem of the human being that developed in Soviet medieval studies in the 1950—70s. Emphasising the characteristic of the period monologue nature of assessing the meaning content of the image of the human being, the author compares the ideas of D. S. Likhachev and V. P. Adrianova-Peretz, and S. S. Averintsev about the nature of the human being in ancient texts and identifies the underlying internal polemical nature of their...

The article identifies the conditions of the realisation of such crucial feature of V. Pyetuskh’s creative method as irony. It is shown that his irony is aimed at the key elements of the Russian identity — the history of Russia and the Russian national character. In this conditions, irony aims to emphasise weaknesses under the guise of humour in order to gather strength to overcome them in every moment of the present. 1. Аннинский ...

1. Андрейчук Н. В., Гаврилина Л. М. Феномен калининградской региональной субкультуры (социально-философский и культурологический анализ).Калининград, 2011. 2. Брюшинкин В. Н. Особенности исследования идентичности // Ценности и смыслы. 2010. № 5(8). С. 84—93. 3. Хантингтон С. Кто мы?: Вызовы американской национальной идентичности. М., 2004.

1. Хрестоматия по древней русской литературе / под ред. Н. И. Прокофьева. М., 1973. 2. Ломоносов М. Избр. произведения. Л., 1986. 3. Чехов А. П. Собр. соч.: в 12 т. М., 1955. Т. 6. 4. Bäcker I. Die existentielle Unbehausheit der Cecov’schen Drei Schwestern.Zum Wertestatus der Textrealität in der russischen Kultur // Eigen-und fremdkulturelle Literaturwissenschaft / Veröffentlichungen des Thomas-Mann-Lehrstuhls an der RGGU Moskau; Institut für deutsch-russische Kulturbeziehungen...

1. Алексеев В. Г. Бегом от Европы?: Кто и как противодействует в Украине реализации Европейской хартии региональных языков или языков меньшинств. Харьков, 2008. 2. Головаха Е. Двуличие или двуязычие? // Известия. 2007. 20 дек. 3. Добкин: «Героизация Шухевича — моя личная трагедия». URL: http://obozrevatel.com/news/2008/8/27/255264.htm (дата обращения: 21.03.2011). 4. Кудрявцева Л. А. О выполнении Украиной Европейской хартии региональных языков и языков меньшинств // Русский язык...

... Philosophy, 52(199), pp. 90-92. Heathwood, Ch., 2011. The relevance of Kant’s objection to Anselm’s ontological argument. Religious Studies, 47, pp. 345-357. Heidegger, M., 1969. The Onto-theo-logical Constitution of Metaphysics. In: M. Heidegger, 1969. Identity and Difference. Translated by J. Stambaugh. New York, Evanston & London: Harper & Row Publishers, pp. 42-74. Heidegger, M., 1996. Einleitung in die Philosophie. In: M. Heidegger, 1996. Gesamtausgabe. II. Abteilung. Band 27. Frankfurt a. M.: Vittorio ...

Transcendental philosophy was not born like Athena out of Zeus’s head, mature and in full armour from the very beginning. That is why in both prefaces to the Critique of Pure Reason (1781 and 1787) Kant introduces the concept of transcendental philosophy as an “idea.” The idea understood architectonically develops slowly and only gradually acquires a definite form. As witnessed by the works of Kant himself and of his predecessors and followers, the idea of transcendental philosophy has undergone...

The third formulation of the Categorical Imperative rarely receives the attention devoted to its predecessors. This paper aims to develop a naturalistic approach to morality inspired by Kant’s conception of moral agents as legislating in a Kingdom of Ends. Positions derived from the third formulation, John Rawls’s Kantian Constructivism and T. M. Scanlon’s Contractualism, cleave closely to Kant in idealising the process of legislation. For Rawls, the citizens of the Kantian Reich can be reduced to...

Kant’s views on space and time as well as his doctrine of the categories of understanding attracted the attention of thinkers belonging to the Russian spiritual-academic philosophical tradition of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A prominent representative of these was Fyodor Golubinsky. He was among the first to react to Kant’s “Copernican turn”. He did not merely study the epistemological ideas of Kant but embraced them and modified them in the framework of his own philosophical teaching...

... Sommadossi, T., 2018. ‚Polytheismus der Einbildungs­kraft‘: Wechselspiele von Literatur und Religion von der Aufklärung bis zur Gegenwart. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann. Thiel, U., 2014. The Early Modern Subject: Self-Consciousness and Personal Identity From Descartes to Hume. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

The prevailing interpretations of Spinoza’s ethical theory view it as an example of heteronomy in the Kantian sense of the term. I make a case for the claim that is not in harmony with such interpretations. In the course of the argument I discuss Kant’s concepts of autonomy and heteronomy showing how they refer to will and to ethics. Then I describe a group of interpretations which portray Spinoza’s moral theory as heteronomous. My critique begins by presenting some textual evidence which vividly...

My aim is to demonstrate the specificities and differences between transcendental deduction of concepts and deduction of the fundamental principles of pure practical reason in Kant’s metaphysics. First of all it is necessary to examine Kant’s attitude to the metaphysics of his time and the problem of its new justification. Kant in his philosophy explicated not only the theoretical world of cognition, but also the practical world of freedom. Accordingly, the fundamental means of proving metaphysics’...

... edition. New Haven: Yale University Press. Almeida, G. A. de, 2013. Kant e a Refutação do Idealismo II. Analytica, 17(12), pp. 13-50. Ameriks, K., 2003. Interpreting Kant’s Critiques. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Aquila, R. E., 1979. Personal Identity and Kant’s “Refutation of Idealism. Kant-Studien, 70, pp. 259-278. Bader, R. M., 2012. The Role of Kant’s Refutation of Idealism. Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie, 94(1), pp. 53-73. Bardon, A., 2004. Kant’s Empiricism in his Refutation ...

The period between the late 1910s and early 1920s saw the emergence of onto-epistemological philosophical projects in Russia that was determined by criticism and attempts to overcome the domination of epistemology in philosophy which was the result of the intensive development of Neo-Kantianism and the influence of Husserl’s phenomenology. Attempts to turn towards ontology were made both by Russian religious philosophers and by Russian Neo-Kantians. I look at the little-studied philosophical projects...

... Volume 25/26. Salt Lake City, UT: University of Utah Press, pp. 77-110. Korsgaard, C.M., 2008. The Constitution of Agency: Essays on Practical Reason and Moral Psychology. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Korsgaard, C.M., 2009. Self-Constitution: Agency, Identity, and Integrity. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Korsgaard, C.M., 2018. Fellow Creatures: Our Obligations to the Other Animals. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Regan, T., 1985. The Case for Animal Rights. In: P. Singer, ed. 1985. In Defense ...

In this study, I investigate the philosophico-pedagogical concepts developed by German and Russian Neo-Kantians, namely P. Natorp, S. I. Hessen, M. M. Rubinstein. In order to identify the peculiarities of the approaches of the Neo-Kantians to legal consciousness in children, I show that the widely accepted view that Hessen borrowed Natorp’s hierarchical triad of moral development — anomie, heteronomy, and autonomy — lacks a solid ground. Moreover, Natorp generally does not use the concept of anomie...

... think” as predicate, 3. identifies him-/herself — at the same time — with the subject logically structuring this act as well as with the subject intuiting the successively existing subject of this judging act, and 4. recognises him-/herself as identical in these two different cognitive roles. By this very analysis Kant shows that the eminent micro-judgement-act “I think” has the complex, though paradigmatic substructure of each human subject recog­nising his/her identity as thinking / ...

... representation to the object. In this case, appearance is not an object, but just a designation of the object (KrV, B 235). Thus, appearance cannot be understood ontologically as a physical object or a relation. At the same time, an appearance is not identical to its representation, since the former is an object or content of the latter. Applying G. Frege’s “semantic triangle” to the analysis of Kant’s concept of appearance, I show that the transcendental object functions as the sense (Sinn) ...

This interview with Professor Dr Jürgen Stolzenberg, board member of the Kant-Gesellschaft and co-editor of the Kant-Lexikon (2015), explores a wide range of topics — from Leibniz and Wolff to Heidegger and Husserl. The leading idea of Stolzenberg’s philosophical research is the justification of the principle of modern subjectivity in Kant’s philosophy and its transformations until our days. He discusses the meaning and development of the concept of self-consciousness and the understanding of subjectivity...

This article focuses on the essence and features of concept operations. The author introduces the concepts of logical structure, logical and logical-cognitive form, and natural form of operations. The sources of mistakes in concept operation are identified and classified. 1. Бойко А. П. Логический анализ структуры классификации: дис. ... канд. фи­лос. наук. М., 1983. 2. Брюшинкин В. Н. Антропологические измерения логики // Вестник Россий­ско­го государственного университета им. И. Канта. Вып. 6...

This article analyses different definitions, types and tasks of Kant's anthropology: Is "moral" or "practical" anthropology identical to "pragmatic" anthropology? Does anthropology aim to answer the question about the vocation of a human being? To what extent is metaphilosophy present in the Anthropology? What is the 'fundamental' transcendental anthropology? The ...

The article is devoted to the problem of identification of the Kant’s and Berkeley’s philosophical systems. The author considers reasons of the origin of Kant-Berkeley question and considers some versions of its completion. 1. Васильева М. Ю. Критика И. Кантом идеализма Дж. Беркли // Историко-фило­софский альманах. Вып. 1: Кант и современность. М., 2005. С. 182—189. 2. Allison H. E. Kant,s Critique of Berkeley // Journal of the History of Philosophy. 1973. Vol. 11. 3. Berkeley G. The Works. London...

Zusammen mit dem Protagonisten des Romans von Ralf Ellison „Invisible Man“ akzeptiert der Autor des Beitrags das Problem der Demütigung der menschlichen Persönlichkeit mittels des „Hindurchschauens“, des „looking through“. Der Autor hebt die Frage hervor, „was zur Wahrnehmung, zum "Erkennen" einer Person hinzutreten muss, um daraus einen Akt der Anerkennung zu machen“. Mit diesem Ziel wird die Bedeutung der (Un-)Sichtbarkeit im direkten und indirekten Sinne eingeführt, sowie Ergebnisse...

The various positions in the suit about “hundred thalers” opened by Kant’s criticism of ontological argument are compared. It is argued that Heidegger’s concept of being as transcendental predicate cannot be identified with Frege’s treatment of existence as a second-order predicate. Furthermore it is shown that the understanding of being as perfection by Aquinas is quite similar to Kant’s concept of being as absolute positing in the via eminentiae perspective. 1. Аверинцев С. С. Бытие как совершенство...

... // Universals, Concepts and Qualities: New Essays on the Meaning of Predicates / eds. P. F. Strawson, A. Chakrabarti. Burlington, 2006. P. 17—48. 10. Strawson P. F. Concepts and Properties or Predication and Copulation // Strawson P. F. Entity and Identity and other essays. Oxford, 1997. P. 83—91. 11. Strawson P. F. Kant on Substance // Ibid. P. 268—280. 12. Strawson P. F. Subject and Predicate in Logic and Grammar. L., 2004.