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... and the development of research cooperation in the field of Baltic studies. The authors consider the dynamics of research contribution and academic cooperation in the Baltic Sea countries in four leading fields — i. e. agricultural and biological sciences, Earth sciences, ecology and social sciences presented in the SciVerse Scopus scientometric database. The article provides a map of research cooperation in the Baltic Sea region. 1. Batorshina, I. A., Kuznetsova, T. Yu. 2012, Nacional'nye innovacionnye ...

A reflection on the meaning of Kant’s manuscript where he uses the expression ‘metaphysics of science’. 20th century philosophy of science acknowledged empiricism and it was anti-metaphysic and positivistic. However, all forms of empiricism and positivism lead to a negation of philosophy, replacing it with logical, methodological, historical,...

... which are directed towards the field of possible experience and provide a connection of cognition through reasons and consequences, as well as the regulative principles of reason, which form maxims of research, astronomy is a proper and rational natural science. The analysis of the case studies of astronomy shows that Kant uses the term transcendental within the framework of the “Transcendental Logic” of the Critique of Pure Reason to denote conditions that are constitutive for the possibility of ...

... Naturforscher. In 2 Bd. Berlin: De Gruyter & Co. Amontons, G., 1703. Le thermomètre réduit à une mesure fixe et certaine, et le moyen d’y rapporter les observations faites avec les anciens thermomètres In: Mémoires de l’Académie Royale des Sciences 1703, pp. 50-56. Asmus, V. F., 1973. Immanuel Kant, Moscow: Nauka. (In Rus.) Beck, L. W., 1986. Introduction [to “Kant’s Succinct Exposition of Some Meditations on Fire”]. In: L. W. Beck, ed. 1986. Kant’s Latin Writings: Translations,...

... universitet «Vysshaja shkola jekonomiki». 5. Indikatory informacionnogo obshhestva: 2012 [Indicators of the Information Society: 2012], 2012, Moscow, Nacional'nyj issledovatel'skij universitet «Vysshaja shkola jekonomiki». 6. Indikatory nauki: 2012 [Science Indicators: 2012], 2012, Moscow, Nacional'nyj issledovatel'skij universitet «Vysshaja shkola jekonomiki». 7. Indikatory obrazovanija: 2011 [Indicators of Education: 2011], 2011, Moscow, Nacional'nyj issledovatel'skij universitet «Vysshaja shkola ...

The article invites the reader to contemplate what impedes further development of lan­guage science which is currently in a state of stagnation. This crisis is caused by the inade­quate meth­odology used in linguistic research. It defines the paradigm of so-called ‘normal’ science, which suppresses innovation. The dualistic philosophy ...

.... Paradigmen der ersten Philosophie. Zur reflexiven — transzendentalpragmatischen — Rekonstruktion der Philosophiegeschichte. Berlin: Suhrkamp. Backhouse, R. E., 1998. Explorations in Economic Methodology. From Lakatos to Empirical Philosophy of Science. London & New York: Routledge. Black, S., 2003. Imre Lakatos and Literary Tradition. Philosophy and Literature, 27(2), 363-381. Ficara, E., 2006. Die Ontologie in der „Kritik der reinen Vernunft“. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann. Fichte,...

... topology, etc. Avdonin, V. S., 2015. Methods in the "vertical" dimension (metatheory and meta­languages-organons). Metod: moskovskii ezhegodnik trudov iz obshchestvovedcheskikh distsiplin [METHOD: Moscow Yearbook of Works from Social Science Disciplines], 5, pp. 265—278 (in Russ.). Bazhanov, V. A., 2009. Unknown Lakatos. Epistemologiya i filosofiya nauki [Epis­temology and philosophy of science], 20 (2), pp. 204—209 (in Russ.). Beseda s Yuriem Sergeevichem Stepanovym [Conversation ...

Decision science is a relatively new discipline: the product of a cross-pollination among mathematics, psychology, economy and a few other branches of knowledge. It studies how humans make their choices and purports to provide a “rational framework for choosing ...

... argue that Kant has developed a broad systematic account of the architectonic functionality of pure reason that can be used and advanced in contemporary contexts. Reason, in the narrow sense, is responsible for the picture of a well-ordered universe of science consisting of architectonic ideas of science, sciences and parts of sciences. In the first section (I), I show what Kant means by the architectonic ideas by explaining and interrelating the concepts of (a) the faculty of reason, (b) ideas (as ...

... Finally, the author considers the value of Miłosz and Nemerov’s texts for modern culture and states that they are illustrations for cognitive research, generators of scientific ideas and they create the marginal area of contempo­rary cognitive science; meanwhile there is an uncertainty whether the mor­phological type of language in which “scientific” poetry is created influences thestylistic features of the texts. 1. Бине Л. Седьмая функция языка. СПб., 2019....

... materials, which can thus be introduced into scholarly discourse. It refers to the presentations made by the philologist and philosopher Maksim Kœnigsberg and the literary scholar Mikhail Shtokmar, a student of Boris Yarkho at the State Academy of Artistic Sciences. In addition, the data from the newly discovered article by Maxim Kœnigsberg, “Compound Rhymes in the Lyrics of Innokentii Annenskii” (1924), is explored. The theses of Kœnigsberg’s exposé are published for the first time, with notes....

... the “new” interpretation offered by the French philosopher. According to Meillassoux, Kant and the following philosophical tradition (Neo-Kantianism and phenomenology) misinterpreted the true role of the Copernican discovery in the new European science in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and turned the objective world into a correlate of consciousness. I subject this assessment of Kant’s philosophy to critical analysis. I compare two points of view — that of Kant and of Meillassoux ...

... Constructibility, and Intuitivity. In: C. J. Posy and O. Rechter, ed. 2020. Kant’s Philosophy of Mathematics; Volume I: The Critical Philosophy and Its Roots. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 181-199. Brittan, G., 1978. Kant’s Theory of Science. Princeton: Princeton University Press, Capozzi, M., 1981. Kant on Mathematical Definition. In: D. M. L. Chiara, ed. 1981. Italian Studies in the Philosophy of Science. Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 423-452. Capozzi, M., 2020. Singular Terms and Intuitions ...

... (ROSSPEN), pp. 506-520. (In Rus.) Akindinova, T. A., 2011. Image of Man in the Aesthetics of the Marburg School of Neo-Kantianism. In: A. B. Rukavishnikov, ed. 2011. Problema dushi i tela v filosofii i nauke [The Problem of Soul and Body in Philosophy and Science]. St. Petersburg: Russian World Publishing House, pp. 104-115. (In Rus.) Akindinova, T. A., 2013. The analysis of feeling as creativity in the aesthetics of Hermann Cohen. Studia Culturae, 17, pp. 5-13. Akindinova, T. A., 2014. Hermann Cohen’s ...

The international conference “Kantian Rationality in Philosophy of Science” was held on 9–11 October 2020 at the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU) in Kaliningrad. Fifteen participants from different countries discussed aspects of the Kantian understanding of science and the roles of reason in it: the ...

Kant’s natural philosophy in the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science is heavily influenced by Newton’s Principia. However, a closer look makes it clear that Kant’s project has also been influenced by other thinkers. One of these thinkers is Leonard Euler. His work was of great influence for Kant, not only with ...

... first of a two-part series, this article studies the historical context in which appeared Kant’s 1759 lecture advertisement leaflet entitled An Attempt at Some Reflections on Optimism. The study describes the requirements of the 1755 Berlin Academy of Sciences’ competition for a comparison of G. W. Leibniz’s and A. Pope’s systems and an assessment of optimism. Another focus is the philological difficulties of translating Pope’s proposition “Whatever is, is right” into the French language ...

.... 119—139. Devkin, A. P., 1984. Opredelenie i ob"yasnenie kak kompozitsionno-rechevye formy v ang­liiskikh nauchnykh i nauch-no-populyarnykh tekstakh [Definition and Explanation as Compositional Speech Forms in English Academic and Popular Science Texts]. PhD Dissertation. Minsk, 175 p. (in Russ.). Dik, S. C., 1997. The Theory of Functional Grammar. Part 2. The Structure of the Clau­se. Complex and Derived Constructions . Berlin; New York, 512 p. Doerge, F. Ch., 2013. Performative utterances....

... This understanding has the potential to significantly reshape the current approaches to pragmatics and semiosis. Barbieri, M., 2003. The Organic Codes. An Introduction to Semantic Biology . Camb­ridge. Barbieri, M., 2015. Code Biology. A New Science of Life . Dordrecht, https://doi . org/10.1007/978-3-319-14535-8. Barbieri, M., 2018. What is code biology? BioSystems , 164, pp. 1—10, https://doi . org/10.1016/j.biosystems.2017.10.005. Brier, S. and Joslyn, C., 2013. What does it take ...

.... L., 2011. On the etymology “smysl” (sense) in Russian and Euro­pean languages. Privolzhskii nauchnyi vestnik [Privolzhsky Research Bulletin], 3, pp. 77—79 (in Russ.). Davidson, A., 2019. Writing: the re-construction of language. Language Sciences , 72, pp. 134—149, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.langsci.2018.09.004 . Deacon, T. W., 2015. Steps to a science of biosemiotics. Green Letters: Studies in Ecocriticism , 19 (3), pp. 293—311, https://doi.org/10.1080/14688417.2015.1072948 . Demyankov,...

... literaturovedcheskikh terminov [Dictionary of literary terms]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.). Dokinz, R., 2013. Egoistichnyi gen [A selfish gene]. Moscow (in Russ.). Il'in, M. V., Fomin, I. V., 2016. And the meaning, and the measure. Semiotics in the space of modern science. Politicheskaya nauka [Political science], 3, pp. 30—45 (in Russ.). Lotman, Yu. M., 2000. Semiosfera [Semiosphere]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.). Lotman, Yu. M., 1998. Structure of artistic text. In: Ob iskusstve [About art]. St. Petersburg. pp....

... of Fichtean philosophy in Gertman Neo-Kantianism, was taken up and developed in an original way by Russian Neo-Kantians. Vysheslavtsev made a consistent attempt to derive law, the state and economics from the ethical content of epistemology, “the science of knowledge”; Yakovenko suggested interpreting “the science of knowledge” as a teaching on life and freedom, as the philosophical grounding of the Christian idea; Lanz wrote about Fichte’s philosophy in the same vein as “the revolt ...

... Socrates brought about a similar revolution in ancient Greek philosophy. The image of Socrates continues to inspire modern scholars, the main features of this image being rationality and publicity. Socrates is seen as an arch-rationalist and the founder of science and philosophy as a whole. Besides, he practised philosophy publicly, being an antipode of another ancient Greek philosopher, Pythagoras, whose doctrines were secret. Coming together in the image of Socrates, publicity and rationality mutually ...

... Reflections on Space and Time. In: Euler Archiv [E 149]. Translated by M. Saclolo & P. Wake. [online] Available at: [Accessed 26 August 2019). Fischer, H. -P., 1985. Kant an Euler. Kant-Studien, 76, pp. 214-220. Friedman, M., 1994. Kant and the Exact Science. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. Görg, E. 2015. Zum Gravitationsgesetz bei Newton, Kant und Fries. Kant-Studien, 106(2), pp. 259-275. Hyder, D. 2019. Kant on Time I: The Kinematics of the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science. Kant-Studien,...

... политико-культурный подход к рыночным институтам // Экономическая социология. 2003. № 4 (1). С. 45—63. 11. Ahuja G. Collaboration networks, structural holes, and innovation: A longitudinal study // Administrative Science Quarterly. 2000. № 45 (3). P. 425—455. 12. Barca F., Mccann P., Rodríguez-Pose A. The case for regional development intervention: Place-based versus place-neutral approaches // J. of Regional Science. 2012. № 52 (1). P. 134—152. 13. ...

... type of organisation, the development of mesoeconomic systems is closely connected to competition for innovative rent. The article outlines the methodology for cluster studies, which makes it possible to consider such relatively new to the regional science phenomena as innovative and “transborder” clusters. 1. Gareev, T. R. 2007, «Voshodjawie» modeli regional'nogo razvitija, lokal'nye proizvodstvennye sistemy i razvitie malogo i srednego biznesa [«Rising» model of regional development, ...

... prognozov [The world in 2000. Compendium of international forecasts]. Moscow, 240 p. (in Russ.). Bakhtin, M. M., 1986. To the philosophy of action. In: Filosofiya i sotsiologiya nauki i tekhniki: ezhegodnik . 1984—1985 [Philosophy and Sociology of Science and Techno­lo­gy: Yearbook. 1984—1985]. Moscow, pp. 80—160 (in Russ.). Bernal, J. D., 1956. Nauka v istorii chelovechestva [Science in the history of society]. Moscow (in Russ.). Bestuzhev-Lada, I. V., 1970. Okno v budushchee. Sovremennye ...

... the qualitative interpretation of phenomenal experience and the aesthetic principle of the reflective power of judgment. I conclude that conscious experience as a subject matter of research is a hybrid object, and only the project of “nonmodern” science will make it possible to create a relevant theory of consciousness that does not resort to reduction. Chalmers, D., 2015. Soznayushchiy um: V poiskakh fundamental’noy teorii [The Conscious Mind: In Search of a Fundamental Theory]. Moscow: ...

... it constitutes an indispensable part of Kant’s philosophy, both in a theoretical and practical sense. I argue that Kant is best interpreted as endorsing readings (c) and (d). Third, I offer some concluding remarks. Ameriks, K., 2001. Kant on Science and Common Knowledge. In: E. Watkins, ed. 2001. Kant and the Exact Sciences. New York: Oxford, pp. 31-52. Bird, G., 2006. The Revolutionary Kant. Chicago: Open Court. Brandt, R., 2003. The Guiding Idea of Kant’s Anthropology and the Vocation ...

... of scientific observation. By focusing on the genre-stylistic and semantic-structural features of the text the authors demonstrate the mechanisms of observation as well as the methods of describing the results characteristic of mid-eighteenth century science. The authors consider Kant’s treatise to be a hybrid text: on the one hand, it attests to the importance of the natural science paradigm and the degree of its influence on the humanities in the modern period; and, on the other hand, it bears ...

... arguments. Brendel, E., 2004. Intuition Pumps and the Proper Use of Thought Experiments. Dialectica, 58(1), pp. 89-108. Brown, J. R., 1991. Thought Experiments: A Platonic Account. In: T. Horowitz and G. J. Massey, eds. 1991. Thought Experiments in Science and Philosophy. Savage, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. Brown, J. R., 2004. Why Thought Experiments Transcend Empiricism. In: C. Hitchcock, ed. 2004. Contemporary Debates in Philosophy of Science. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub, pp. 23-43. Broyles, J. E....

... Descartes, R., 1985. Discourse on the Method. Translated by R. Stoothoff. In: R. Descartes, 1985. The Philosophical Writings. Volume 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 111-151. Harrison, P., 1999. Subduing the Earth: Genesis 1, Early Modern Science, and the Exploitation of Nature. The Journal of Religion, 79(1), pp. 86-109. Harrison, P., 2007. The Fall of Man and the Foundations of Science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Howarth, R., 1995. Sustainability under Uncertainty: A Deontological ...

... analyzes receptions of phenomenological and neo-Kantian axiology trends in the interpretation of the concept and status of value in N. N. Alekseev’s philosophy of law. The author identifies the role of Neo-Kantian nomothetic—idiographic division of sciences proposed by the Southwest German school of Neo-Kantianism in interpreting the essence of law within Aleseev’s philosophy. It is shown that Alekseev uses Windelband's distinction between the due and the existing as a convenient methodological ...

... transcendental reflection, whereas J. Jungius’s “methodological criticism” requires that critique is grounded in immediate rather than reflective knowledge. Kant is a subjectivist, whereas J. Jungius is an objectivist and realist. For J. Jungius, the basic science is protonoetic philosophy (philosophia protonoetica), whose major task is to identify the elemental operations of mind and the underlying laws. These laws serve as the basis for critique, which is aimed against the critique of reasoning and is ...