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Kant does not provide clear-cut definitions of apperception, consciousness, and self-consciousness and everywhere uses these terms as synonyms, which creates the problem of the relationship between these faculties. The importance of this problem stems from the colossal significance of each of the above-mentioned ...

... legitimate and requiring conceptualisation. The mediation of Schlick’s positivist theory and Kant’s transcendentalist theory allows us to present first-person and third-person perspectives as two epistemic registers, subordinated to the position of a historically specific conscious subject. I treat the first-person perspective as a reflective power of judgment, and the third-person perspective as a determinative power of judgment; doing so, I establish the connection between the qualitative interpretation of phenomenal ...

This article offers data on the results of a survey of students of humanities of Kaliningrad universities. The survey was dedicated to the assessment of maturity of historical consciousness in youth. The author characterises the general picture of knowledge of regional history and identifies the gaps. Krivosheev V. historical consciousness; maturity of historical consciousness; relation to the past; famous people. 85-89

Carruthers, P., 2017. Higher-Order Theories of Consciousness. In: S. Schneider and M. Velmans, eds. 2017. The Blackwell Companion to Consciousness. Hoboken. N. J.: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 288-297. Home, H., 2005. Essays on Principles of Morality and Natural Religion. Natural Law and Enlightenment Classics....

... Russ.). Marasinova, E., 2017. “Zakon” i “grazhdanin” v Rossii pervoi poloviny XVIII veka. Ocherki istorii obshchestvennogo soznaniya [“Law” and “citizen” in Russia in the first half of the 18th century. Essays on the history of public consciousness]. Moscow (in Russ.). Marshall, T. H., 2011. Citizenship and social class. In: B. G. Kapustin, ed. Gra­zhdanstvo i grazhdanskoe obshchestvo [Citizenship and civil society]. Translated from Eng­lish by Yu. Dergunova. Moscow. pp. 145—220 ...

... Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, with the support of the RF Ministry of Science and Higher Education and the Petersburg Dialog Forum, in Kaliningrad on 14—20 August 2023. The School engaged with the following themes: Kant and the philosophy of consciousness, Kant’s philosophy of law, Kant’s philosophy of religion, and Kant’s political philosophy. The programme included eight lectures, as well as thematic seminars; their content is reviewed below. As part of the conference of young scholars,...

... theory of cognition through the analysis of subjectivity, the complete elimination of psychological motives and the separation of transcendentalism from transcendentism. These principles enable Salagov to ground a three-part structure of cognition (consciousness, being, committing to consciousness) and to assert that the main task of genuine epistemology is exclusively the study of the cognitive relationship, committing to consciousness. They enable Boldyrev, proceeding from the separation of reflection ...

This article deals with the essence of art in Gadamer’s philosophy, including his critical approach to Kantian aesthetical consciousness and subjectification of aesthetical experience in Kant’s philosophy. According to Gadamer, art deals with the notion of truth and should be associated not with aesthetics, but rather with ontology. Thus, art is the experience of truth....

... путешественника. М., 1982. 7. Лотман Ю. М. Внутри мыслящих миров. Человек — текст — семиосфера — история. М., 1996. 8. Эйдельман Н. Я. Последний летописец. М., 1983. historical science, hermeneutics, effective-historical consciousness, Providence, conscience, Decemberists, Russian idea Gilmanov V. 17-28

My aim is to prove that Hermann Cohen was not only a philosopher of dialogue but has played an exceedingly important role in the history of that current of thought. His books Ethics of Pure Will (1904) and Religion of Reason out of the Sources of Judaism (1919) offer a detailed analysis of the relationships between I and Thou, I and It, I and We. In the first book these relationships are considered from the ethical-legal point of view and in the second from the viewpoint of religious anthropology...

... University Press. Kornilov, S. V., 2016. Towards the Comprehension of the Infinite: the Believers’ Mind F. A. Golubinsky. Space and Time, 1-2 (23-24), pp. 63-72. (In Rus.) Kotsyuba, V. I., 2013. Lectures by Archpriest Fyodor Golubinsky as a Subject of Historical and Philosophical Analysis]. St. Tikhon’s University Review. Series I: Theology. Philosophy. Religious Studies, 5 (49), pp. 43-59. (In Rus.) Krouglov, A. N., 2008. Tetens, Kant i diskussiya o metafizike v Germanii vtoroj poloviny XVIII veka ...

... of the thinkers of the ‘late and mature phase’ of German idealism (A. Trendelenburg, R. G. Lotze, and G. Teichmüller). A historical and theoretical analysis of the neo-Kantian and neo-Leibnizian ideas helps to identify the similarities (criticism ... ... experience is not interpreted as ‘bare’ cognition or its mere possibility but rather it is perceived as a combination of consciousness (Bewusstsein), knowledge (Erkenntnis), the consciousness of God (Gottesbewusstsein), faith, and free will. Thus,...

... intuition back to aesthetics thus linking its significance to the field of the individual, inimitable, and singular manifestation of thecreative spirit. He sees the completion of Kant’s critical philosophy in the psychological bases of subjectivity of consciousness aimed at understanding the patterns of the scientific, moral, and artistic cognition. In the context of history of transcendentalism, art is perceived as a form of spiritualcreativity that is subject to its own generating laws of cultural ...

... the principle of naturalism as a basic one for the comprehensive understanding of the world, Kant juxtaposed it with the principles of transcendental anthropology. As a result, it requires a new understanding of 1) the nature and its relation to human consciousness and 2) the active and, thus, tirfucntional, structure of human consciousness. 1. Вебер М. Теория ступеней и направлений религиозного неприятия мира //Макс Вебер. Избранное....

... upon the issue of state-civil identity of student youth. Theoretical analysis of the provisions of social constructivism made the author focus on the fact that state-civil identity is an element of the value component in the structure of the political consciousness ethnopolitical construct of the subjects of politics. Through the implementation of a comprehensive socio-political study, an assessment of the level of state-civil identity of student youth in some federal districts is given, which turned ...

Berdayev’s works The New Middle Ages, The Meaning of History, The Crisis of Art help reveal the essence of the eschatological consciousness of the 20th century. The principal feature of New Middle Ages in European culture is proved to be the polarization of consciousness, which is most vividly manifested, according to Berdyaev, in the structure of Russian soul (the apocalyptic ...

... (in Russ.). Monod, J., 1971. Chance and Necessity: An Essay on the Natural Philosophy of Modern Bio­logy. Fontana. Nalimov, V. V., 2007. Spontannost' soznaniya: Veroyatnostnaya teoriya smyslov i smys­lovaya arkhitektonika lichnosti [Spontaneity of Consciousness: Probabilistic Theory of Meanings and Semantic Architectonics of Personality]. Moscow, 198 p. (in Russ.). Ricœur, P., 2008. Ya — sam kak drugoi [Soi-meme comme un autre]. Translated by B. M. Skuratov. Moscow, 416 p. (in Russ.). Rozov,...

... Biosemiotics and biohermeneutics. In: Nauki o zhizni i obra­zovanie. Fundamental'nye problemy integratsii [Life sciences and education. Fundamen­tal problems of integration]. Moscow, pp. 340—344 (in Russ.). Chebanov, S. V., 2010. The status of semiotically conscious biology. In: Filosofskie problemy biologii i meditsiny. Vyp. 4. Fundamental'noe i prikladnoe [Philosophical prob­lems of biology and medicine. Issue. 4. Fundamental and applied]. Moscow, pp. 323—326 (in Russ.). Chebanov, S. V., 2011. Cognitive ...

The aim of this research is to explore what relations self-affection bears to the intuitions of inner sense. I propose that self-affection makes some contribution to formal intuitions and empirical consciousness by arguing that the functions of self-affection consist respectively in conceptualising and conscious-making. I begin by examining Kant’s concept of inner sense and point out that inner sense as a receptive faculty depends on self-affection....

The Patriotic War of 1812 is an event that influenced the formation of the Russian na­tional consciousness. At that time, imperial and class identities coexisted. With the de fac­to ban on discussing the idea of a civil ... ... national unity. The method of discourse analysis employed by the author, made it possible to place Shishkov’s texts in a broader historical context, trac­ing their origins in the discussions on the language of the beginning of the 19th century and determining ...

This interview with Professor Dr Jürgen Stolzenberg, board member of the Kant-Gesellschaft and co-editor of the Kant-Lexikon (2015), explores a wide range of topics — from Leibniz and Wolff to Heidegger and Husserl. The leading idea of Stolzenberg’s philosophical research is the justification of the principle of modern subjectivity in Kant’s philosophy and its transformations until our days. He discusses the meaning and development of the concept of self-consciousness and the understanding of subjectivity...

... [History of ethical doctrines], Moscow, 911 p. 4. Gusejnov, A. A. 2004, Etika Kanta v istoricheskom kontekste [Kant’s Ethics in historical context], Moscow, Materiali konferenzii RAGS pri Presidente RF “Folosifija Kanta” [Materials of the RAGS conference ... ... Investigation], Moscow, no. 5, p. 17—44. 14. Molchanov, V. I. 1998, Vremja i soznanie. Kritika fenomenologicheskoj filosofii. [Time and consciousness. Сritique of the phenomenological philosophy, Moscow. 15. Pisarchik, L. U. 2011, Problema posnanija zennostej I ...

This article is devoted to A. A. Fet’s philosophy of art. He is a representative of ‘pure art’ in Russian poetry, whose works were opposed to tendentious art serving the socio-political agenda ofthe time. However, the objective logic of nature of art made A. A. Fet’s poetry complimentary to revolutionary-democratic poetry. A. Fet was guided by Kant’s principle of aesthetics stating that the function of art is constituting the world of values. It does not and cannot replace either science, which is...

... of functional and stylistic use. Allusive references are considered due to their semantics, historical and cultural context. Historical, literary, cultural sources of information are brought to study the semantic nature of allusive inclusions. The article ... ... is noted that the allusion technique is used not only to give poems an emotionally expressive sound, but also to activate the consciousness of readers, create additional literary associations. Diakova T.A. allusion, stylistic device, poetry, poem, ...

This article analyses the major ideological campaigns of 1946—1953 on the basis of earlier unknown materials from the archival funds of Kaliningrad kolkhozes. The author considers the influence of campaigns on the mass consciousness of peasants and their social behaviour from the perspective of «everyday history». Special attention is paid to the ideas of rural residents about themselves and the word, and their reaction to major social and political events. The author ...

... Cognition, Intuition, and the Fact of Reason. In: B. Lipscomb and J. Krueger, eds. 2010. Kant’s Moral Metaphysics: God, Freedom, and Immortality. Berlin & Boston: De Gruyter, pp. 211-230. Khurana, Th., 2019. ‘I Do not Cognize Myself through Being Conscious of Myself as Thinking’: Self-Knowledge and the Irreducibility of Self-Objectification in Kant. Canadian Journal of Philosophy, 49 (7), pp. 956-979. Longuenesse, B., 2017. I, Me, Mine. Back to Kant, and Back Again. Oxford: Oxford University ...

... University Press. Crowther, T. M., 2006. Two Conceptions of Conceptualism and Nonconceptualism. Erkenntnis, 65(2), pp. 245-276. Dickerson, A. B., 2004. Kant on Representation and Objectivity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Dretske, F., 2002. Conscious Experience. In: A. Noë, E. Thompson, eds. 2002. Vision and Mind. Selected Readings in the Philosophy of Perception. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 419-442. Falkenstein, L., 1995. Kant’s Intuitionism. A Commentary on the Transcendental ...

Myths and history are different but related forms of consciousness. They date back to the archaic and new periods of world history. New forms of synthesis between history and myths translated in the ‘mythical-historical imagery’ of the 20th-century art. For the first time in the history of world culture,...

... inhabitants on particular examples and personal impressions and experience. A common term “the site of memory” applied to the Kaliningrad region, makes it possible to speak of a strong regional, or Kaliningrad, component of identity. The regional public consciousness and particularly its collective memory, which is in the process of its shaping, is influenced by the previous German (East Prussian) history. The diversity of memory sites in the region with different national and cultural characteristics ...

... by C. Janaway. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Shchedrina, T. G. and Shchedrina, I. O., 2022. Immanuel Kant in the Historical Philosophy of Gustav Shpet. Kantian Journal, 41(3), pp. 124-151. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2022-3-5 . Shpet,... ... [Thought and Word. Selected Works]. Edited by T. G. Shchedrina. Moscow: ROSSPEN, pp. 248-469. (In Rus.) Shpet, G. G., 2006. Consciousness and Its Owner. In: G. G. Shpet, 2006. Philosophia Natalis. Izbrannye psihologo-pedagogicheskie trudy [Philosophy ...

... First, to determine whether Kant’s ethical and teleological concept is immune to Schaeffer’s critique. Second, to clarify the German philosopher’s contribution to environmental ethics. I come to the conclusion that it is premature to claim that consciousness and free will exist only in the framework of their being conditioned by nature. I also demonstrate that in his teleological teaching Kant sees the mechanism of nature as the dependence of living things on forces that act in an unpremeditated ...

This article analyses the historical and philosophical critique of A. I. Vvedensky’s ‘new psychophysiological’ law. The author examines the most substantial ... ... scientific journals. The discussion focused on the ideas expressed in the work On the Limits and Characteristics of Becoming Conscious, which was published in the form of theses in book 16 book of the journal Problems of Philosophy and Psychology. Trough ...

... by adding “pure normative sciences” such as logic and aesthetics to psychology and ethics which are already in use. In the center of his pedagogy Natorp places the concept of “will”. It is directly connected to the three levels of activity of consciousness which are associated with the three stages of education — family education, school and stage of free adult self-education. The last stage represents a “lifelong” process and ideally shouldn’t be bounded by any external factors. Natorp ...

... Religiovedenie [The Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series Political Science and Religion Studies], 21, pp. 169—179 (in Russ.). Beskov, A. A., 2022. Contradictory images of the past in the Russian information space as a factor of fragmentation of mass historical consciousness. In: R. A. Badikov, ed. Sud'by natsional'nykh kul'tur v usloviyakh globalizatsii: mezhdu traditsiei i novoi real'nost'yu [Fortunes of national cultures in globalization context: between tradition and the new reality]. Chelyabinsk, pp. ...

... historical themes, including events of the Great Patriotic War, the settlement and recovery of the region, and the fate of the histori­cal and cultural heritage. The conclusion is drawn that during the Perestroika period, influ­enced by changes in public consciousness, there was a gradual incorporation of new historical images of the pre-war and post-war past of the region into poetic texts. Simultaneously, there was a tendency to preserve and partially reconsider certain components of the Soviet histori­cal narrative related to the war and the formation ...

This article analyses the evolution of aesthetic ideals of baroque as the reflection of changes that took place in social consciousness. The author formulates the content standards of aesthetic ideal of baroque music and focuses on the history of spread of baroque music in East Prussia in the 17th century. 1.  Панофский Э. Галилей: наука и искусство....

... Semiosis. London; New York, pp. 91—107. Olteanu, A., 2021. Multimodal modeling: Bridging biosemiotics and social semio­tics. Biosemiotics , 14, pp. 783—805, https://doi.org/10.1007/s12304-021-09463-7 . Olteanu, A., 2022. Learning as Becoming Conscious: A note on Jablonka and Ginsburg’s Notion of Learning. Biosemiotics , 15, pp. 457—467, https://doi . org/10.1007/ s12304-022-09510-x. Olteanu, A., Campbell, C. and Feil, S., 2020. Naturalizing models: New perspec­ti­ves in a Peircean ...

... man’s status in the world. They stress the need to enhance the responsibility of the individual so that each individual becomes conscious of sharing the destiny of the whole of mankind and the world. I argue that in the framework of Enlightenment 2.0 the ... ... between the individual and the collective. Alves, A., 2019. The German Tradition of Self-Cultivation (Bildung) and its Historical Meaning. Educação & Realidade, 44(2), pp. 1-18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2175-623683003 . Andersen, L. R., 2020....

... Phenomenology: The Transition from “Construction” to “Description”. Istoricheskaja i sotsialno-obrazovatelnaja mysl’ [historical and socio-educational thought], 7(5.1), pp. 269-273. (In Rus.) Poma, A., 1997. The Critical Philosophy of Hermann Cohen.... ... [Philosophical Essays]. St. Petersburg: Tip. V.S. Balashov and Ko. (In Rus.) Zaikova, A. S., 2021. Discreteness and Continuity of Consciousness in Time. In: A.V . Smirnov and A. Ju. Antonovskiy, eds., 2021. Vos’moy Rossijskij filosofskij kongress “Filosofia ...

... Gossman. Cohen, H., 1904. System der Philosophie. Teil 2: Ethik des reinen Willens. Berlin: Bruno Cassirer. Dmitrieva, N. A., 2007. Russkoe neokantianstvo: ‘Marburg’ v Rossii. Istoriko-filosofskie ocherki [Russian Neo-Kantianism: Marburg in Russia. Historical and Philosophical Essays]. Moscow: ROSSPEN. (In Rus.) Dmitrieva, N. A., 2021. The Kantian Origins of Sergei Rubinstein’s Theory of Moral Improvement. Journal of Philosophy of Education, 55(6), pp. 1126-1141. Edel, G., 2002. Fichte — Marburger ...

... Philosophy”. Transcendental’ny zhurnal, 1. doi: 10.18254/S271326680008967-4. (In Rus.) Krouglov, A. N., 2005. Did Kant Have a Transcendental Subject? History of Philosophy Yearbook — 2004, pp. 279-295. (In Rus.) Molchanov, V. I., 1997. Loneliness of Consciousness and Communicativeness of the Sign. Logos, 9, рр. 5-24. (In Rus.) Nancy, J. -L., 1996. Être singulier pluriel. Paris: Galilée. Nancy, J. -L., 2006. La Naissance des seins suivi de Péan pour Aphrodite. Paris: Galilée. Okorokov, V. B....

... neuropsychological pa­ral­lel to semiogenesis. In: U. Figge and W. Koch, eds. Acta Coloquii. Bochum publications in Evolutionary Cultural Semiotics. Language in the Wurm Glaciation. Vol. 27, pp. 53—64. Chernigovskaya, T. V., 2012. Languages of consciousness: who reads neural net­work texts? In: Chelovek v mire znaniya: v chest’ 80-letiya akademika V. A. Lektorskogo [Man in the world of knowledge: in honor of the 80th anniversary of Academician V. A. Lek­torsky]. Moscow, pp. 403—415 ...

... Neu­roscience, 6. pp. 1—11. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2012.00314 . Tononi, G., Boly, M., Gosseries, O. and Laureys, S., 2016. The neurology of con­sciousness: An overview. In: S. Laureys, O. Gosseries and G. Tononi, eds. The Neuro­logy of Consciousness: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropathology. Vol. 2. Amsterdam: Else­vier. pp. 407—461. Wyke, B. van, 2010. Ethics and translation. In: Y. Gambier and L. van Doorslaer, eds. Handbook of Translation Studies. Vol. 1. Amsterdam: John Benjamins....