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The article provides a functional interpretation of explanation. It is based on the principles of Linguistic Pragmatics and Functional Linguistics. Explanation is analysed from two perspectives: as a communicative act and as a two-part discursive structure. The com­mu­nicative act of explanation is characterised ...

In the semantic theory of Gottlob Frege, the content of a linguistic sign is determined by the connection between the meaning and a set of subjective perceptions that form the mean­ing. Our study aims to reveal the influence of individual perceptions of the meaning on the extension of the semantic structure of a word, using the kinship term ‘mamochka’ as an ex­ample. The article focuses on instances where the word ‘mamochka’ is used in fiction and, to some extent, Internet texts. The article examines...

The Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by D. N. Ushakov and his colleagues, published between 1935 and 1940, is the first major dictionary of the post-revolutionary era, reflecting the lexical composition of both the literary and colloquial speech of educated people in the new Soviet Russia. It characterized the individual of the new social order and recorded emerging linguistic norms. The aim of this article is to present this dictionary as a potential source for the study of ethnolinguistic...

This article explores the semantic and pragmatic features of the word 'mother' when used as a term of address. It examines secondary uses of the term in literary texts from the 1780s to the present, a sample of 4,272 tokens, alongside dictionary definitions. The study revealed that, in different communicative situations, the term 'mother' can convey a range of some­times contradictory attributes such as 'patronage', 'superiority', 'dependency', 'strictness', 'kindness', 'overfamiliarity' and other...

This article addresses the problem of identifying hidden borrowings in the Russian language of the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The authors pay particular attention to expressions that convey meanings whose semiotic 'form' utilises linguistic elements pre-existing in the recipient language. The mechanism of embedding a semantic calque into an already existing model of signification is illustrated using the example of the collocation kak po mne and its interaction with the original Russian...

... Kozyra, W., 2018. Is Spinoza’s Ethics Heteronomous in the Kantian Sense of the Term? Kantian Journal, 37(4), pp. 35-66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2018-4-2 . Kreines, J., 2005. The Inexplicability of Kant’s Naturzweck: Kant on Teleology, Explanation and Biology. Archiv für Geschichte der Philosophie, 87(3), pp. 270-311. Lennox, J. G., 1993. Darwin Was a Teleologist. Biology and Philosophy, 8(4), pp. 409-421. Marshall, A., 1993. Ethics and the Extraterrestrial Environment. Journal of ...

... reduc­tionism, he constructs his concept of cultural history as a sequence of crises and their resolu­tions. Maxim Shapir, in his well-known work on the evolution of the Russian iambic tetrame­ter, specifically highlights the unusual method he employs—the explanation of a poetic fact through historically documented and socially significant events. Poetics, more than any other branch of literary studies, maintains its hermetic nature, which presupposes the explanation of literary data through literary circumstances....

This article examines the pragmatic meaning of the slang lexeme chuvak [dude], primar­ily when used as an address. The study aims to identify the components of this pragmatic meaning that contributed to the resurgence of the lexical unit in the 21st century after a peri­od of usage decline and oblivion. Currently, the word chuvak is an integral part of youth vernacular. The pragmatics of the word chuvak was analysed by methods of corpus analysis and questionnaire survey. It was concluded that...

This article examines speech aspects of a strategic planning document — the Development Concept — and identifies factors determining its specifics. The text of the Concept is analysed using the communicative-genre approach, often employed in recent research works. This approach produces an integrated picture that takes into account parameters affected by both linguistic and extralinguistic factors. The article describes speech representations of the key genre elements. These are the communicative...

... property. In theory, Kant grounds the view that humanity should resign itself to the fact of its perspective being limited and local. Kantian practical philosophy provides the traveler with a map of regulative ideas and a “moral compass”, along with an explanation of disruptive factors, offering a working explanation of the situation and its possible outcomes. Kant’s “Copernican revolution” brings human beings back into focus and imagination to order, allowing for the hope that new challenges ...

... of cog­nition based on it. Reification of linguistic signs, along with the erroneous view of the nature and function of language as a communication tool rather than the mode of existence of hu­mans as living (cognitive) systems, impedes scientific explanation of both language and lin­guistic signs. As an alternative, the core problem of semiotics is approached within the fra­me­work of constructivist epistemology that allows us to resolve the contradictions in the objec­tivist interpretation ...

... Constructing Cultures. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters. Chesterman, A., 1997. Memes of Translation. Amsterdam: Benjamins. Chesterman, A., 2005. Consilience in Translation Studies. Revista Canaria de Estu­dios Ingleses, 51, pp. 19—32. Chesterman, A., 2008. On explanation. In: A. Pym et al. (eds.). Beyond Descriptive Stu­dies. Investigations in homage to Gideon Toury. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 363—379. Chesterman, A., 2009. The Name and Nature of Translator Studies. Hermes, 42, pp. 13—22. Chesterman, A....

In this article, I explore one of the elements of situational modality, namely, the microfield of the modality of necessity. I consider the use of lexical modifiers of the modality of necessity in the Old and New Testament. The aims of this study are to identify similarities and differences in the use of lexemes explicating the microfield in the biblical texts and to produce a comparative analysis of modal meanings of objective-subjective and objective necessity expressed through relevant lexemes...

... Ideas: sources, dynamics and logical content. In: Istorija idej kak metodologija gumanitaenykh issledovanij [History of ideas as a methodology for humanitarian research]. St. Petersburg, Tsentr istorii idej, pp. 28-58 (in Russ.). Tulchinskii, G.L., 2017. Explanation in political science: constructivism vs positivism. Publichnaja Politika [Public Policy], 1, pp. 76-98 (in Russ.). Heidegger, M., 1997. Bytie i vremja [Being and Time]. Moscow, Ad Marginem (in Russ.). Euler, L., 1961. Vvedenie v analiz beskonechno ...

... by aker G. P. and McGuinness B. F. Stuttgart, 1976. 30. Witgenstein und der Wiener Kreis / ed. by McGuinness B. F. Frankfurt am Main, 1967. In English: Wittgenstein and the Vienna Circle / ed. by McGuinness B. F. Oxford, 1979. 31. Wright von G. H. Explanation and Understanding. L. : Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1971. 32. The Philosophy of Georg Henrik von Wright / ed. by Hahn L. and Schilpp P. A. // The Library of Living Philosophers. Chicago, 1989. 33. Cultural Relativism and Philosophy / ed. by ...

The article is devoted to the development of a fundamental semiotic model of images that is based on the categorical apparatus of Ch. S. Peirce (on the concepts of Firstness, icon, hypoicon and metaphor). The image is proposed to be defined as a complex sign (two-level hypoicon- metaphor), which has a certain “primary” sign as its sign vehicle that represents the object constituted by all the facts (cases of semiosis) that are similar to that primary sign. Three key functions of the image are defined:...

This article explores proverbs as signs that preserve, transfer, and develop meanings rooted in the ethnic culture. The author investigates the ways cultural semantics is expressed in proverbs featuring clothing items. Another focus is the ways to refer to garment elements. Clothing items are universal realia; they form concepts, mythologemes, symbols, gauges, stereotypes, etc. in the realm of ideas about the world. These ideas are interpreted within different fields of human spiritual life, for...

This article is an attempt to expose and analyse the chronotopical structure of Boris Pasternak's poem ‘Neogliadnost’/’Spanlessness’, written in 1944. The axiological meaning of spatiotemporal images in the poet's Weltanschauung is evaluated within a broader context of Russian language and culture. It is argued that the poem’s key value-laden motif, victory, is introduced in the text in three temporal domains. Two of them — the planes of the historical past and present — belong to the sphere of time...

The author analyses the concept ‘soul’ as a means of representing reality in the brain through comparing two linguistic pictures of the world. It is known that a concept contains important cultural information, harbouring its concrete meaning in a linguistic unit. The study — a combination of cultural linguistic and comparative analysis of the concept — suggests that certain Russian idioms containing the concept ‘soul’ have equivalents in the Armenian language. However, in most Armenian equivalents...

This study focuses on the Routinicon database as a digital tool for describing routines — a distinct class of formulaic phraseological units that represent reactions to or comments on standard extralinguistic situations. For instance, the formula Kogo ya vizhu! (Whom do I see!) serves as a reaction to an unexpected meeting, while Kto tam? (Who’s there?) is a standard formulaic reaction to a knock at the door. The collection, classification and study of units of this kind is of undoubted interest...

The study is devoted to the analysis of the accentual architectonics of the isosyllabic works of Theophan Prokopovich. The primary objective of this analysis was to examine the hypothesis regarding the gradual emergence of the syllabo-tonic system within the framework of syllabic verse. This hypothesis challenges the views of numerous scholars of versification, who argue for a revolutionary shift in Russian poetic tradition, attributed to the publication of Vasily Trediakovsky's 1735 treatise. Additionally...

This paper investigates the semantic adaptation of new borrowings in Russian, addressing a gap in research on this topic. The relevance of the study stems from the ambiguous and often negative public perception of the increasing number of borrowings in the Russian language. The study aims to classify these borrowings and identify the under­lying causes of the borrowing process. The central hypothesis is that the semantic adaptation of borrowings is determined by the types of cognitive categorization...

The article studies complexes of documents that were compiled in the Executive Authorities’ Archives and that are connected with citizens’ appeals to different authorities. The author reveals that it was the local executive bodies that chiefly processed citizens’ appeals, most of which were returned to the Executive Committee for them to be finally solved. Such applications concerned first of all citizens’ particular daily needs, such as electricity and food products supply, public utilities. The...

The article examines the interpretation of the teaching of Wilhelm von Humboldt on language by Gustav Shpet together with Shpet’s perception of the influence of Kant’s philosophy on Humboldt. Special emphasis is laid on terminological analysis, the underlying thesis of this analysis being that words, terms and concepts are not the same thing: one and the same word or word combination can denote different terms, and the concept is a term in each particular doctrine. The object of critical analysis...

The center-periphery theory is one of the oldest and most frequently applied theories in spatial development. The aim of this article is to conduct a critical analysis of the center-periphery theory at the present stage, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. To achieve this objective, an analysis was conducted of Russian and foreign works by specialists from various fields who have studied the center-periphery theory. The essential features of the theory and its transformation over time in terms...

The center-periphery theory is one of the oldest and most frequently applied theories in spatial development. The aim of this article is to conduct a critical analysis of the center-periphery theory at the present stage, highlighting its strengths and weaknesses. To achieve this objective, an analysis was conducted of Russian and foreign works by specialists from various fields who have studied the center-periphery theory. The essential features of the theory and its transformation over time in terms...

..., 1952. Elements of Thought. In: I. M. Sechenov, 1952. Izbrannye proizvedeniya [Selected Writings]. Volume 1: Physiology and Psychology. Moscow: USSR Academy of Sciences Publishing House, pp. 272-427. (In Rus.). Sehon, S., 2016. Free Will and Action Explanation. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Svoboda, T., 2015. Duties Regarding Nature: A Kantian Environmental Ethic. New York & London: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group. Timothy, W. L., 2020. Anthropocene Alerts: Critical Theory of The Contemporary ...

This article is devoted to the speech act of compliment, which is treated herein as express­ing the speaker's attention and partiality to their interlocutor. The similarities and differences between speech acts of compliment and praise are analysed, with the characteristics of com­pliment linked to the gender and age of the interlocutor. Particular attention is paid to the concepts of speech act and speech genre and the applicability of these notions in analysing the speech act of compliment. When...

This study identifies and characterises a class of lexical units — imperative speech cli­chés, exemplified by expressions such as krepis'! [hold on!], prekrati! [stop it!] or ne lez' [back off!]. It defines the concept of imperative speech clichés and investigates the role of pragmati­cisation in their formation. The general properties of imperative clichés are described: most are either never employed with the negative particle ne [not] or are utilised exclusively with this particle. In speech communication...

Not only in contemporary philological science but also among those in broader society in­terested in poetic creativity, commentary is one of the most sought-after genres of philological discourse that elucidates poetic works. This is linked to the distinctive position of the commen­tator in relation to the poem, characterized by flexibility, reliance on facts, and various inter­pretational possibilities. While numerous scholarly materials have been written in the genre of literary commentary, there...

The article analyses the possibilities of using procedural texts for the formation and assessment of the functional literacy of elementary school students on the basis of an independent assessment of the results of primary education within the framework of the PSHPU Quality Cluster project. This study relies on the method of comparative analysis of Russian and foreign scientific sources, the principle of unity of historical and logical. The methodological foundations of the research are the concepts...

The present paper describes the influence of Scandinavian, Celtic and Classical mythological traditions on the characters of giants in English folk tale discourse. The elements of archaic beliefs are represented in the inner form of nominations and attributes of folk tale giants. Borrowed motifs are subjected to varying degrees of transformation in folk tale discourse and depend upon cultural and historical development of the English ethnos. 1. Голованов И. А. Константы фольклорного сознания в устной...

... issues in studying the gender aspects of the First World War in modern historiography. Major topics of studies include women on the battlefield and on the home front, gender-specific propa¬ganda, and the crisis of masculinity. The author argues that the explanation of history of societies during and after WWI is incomplete without taking into account the gender aspects. 1. Асташов А. Б. Русский фронт в 1914 — начале 1917 года: военный опыт и современность....

... 3. Jurkynas M. Emerging cleavages in new democracies: the case of Lithuania // Journal of Baltic Studies. 2004. Vol. 35. P. 278—296. 4. Kitschelt H. Accounting for Outcomes in Post-Communist Regime Change. Causal Depth or Shallowness in Rival Explanations. APSA Papers, Atlanta, 1999. Электронный ресурс. URL: https://netfiles.uiuc.edu/fesnic/fspub/1_Kitschelt_1999_Mechanisms.pdf (дата обращения: 02.04.2012). 5. Ramonaite A. Posovietinės Lietuvos politinė anatomija....

... role of network forms of organisation in the development of innovative processes. The authors consider several definitions of network forms of organisation, including those typical of the sphere of innovations. The article offers an analysis of the explanation of the network phenomenon in the social exchange theory, M. Castells's network theory, resource dependence theory, organisational sociology theory, new institutionalism, evolutionary economics, and French economic institutionalism. 1.  ...

... Philosophy: Kant’s Philosophy, translated from German by N. Platonova. St. Petersburg 1895. Pages IV+202. Bogoslovskij vestnik [Theological Bulletin], 4(10), pp. 119-125 (3rd pagin.). (In Rus.) Vvedensky, Alexey I., 1895b. Kant’s Doctrine of Space: (Explanation and Criticism). Bogoslovskij vestnik [Theological Bulletin], 2(6), pp. 390-404 (3rd pagin.). (In Rus.) Vvedensky, Alexey I., 1904. Great Rationalist. On the Centenary of Kant’s Death. (1704 — January 31 — 1804). Moskovskie vedomosti ...

The article attempts to analyze the linguocultural factors contributing to the phenome­non of polynominativity—multiple names for a single object. This investi­gation employs top­onyms as a case study. The exploration delves into several key factors that give rise to poly­onyms: 1) linguosociocultural factors: these factors play a pivotal role in shaping subsystems of names, encompassing both official and unof­ficial, widely used and niche terms, as well as neutral and connotatively charged expressions...

In the post-revolutionary era, the population's adoption of a new political vocabulary demanded the Soviet authorities to play the role of the interpretant. They engaged in the pro­cess of assigning meanings to new concepts through mass media and fiction. Simultaneously, established concepts had to undergo reshaping to align with the new worldview of the 'Soviet citizen’. The transformation of the semantic structure of religious vocabulary, ideologically marked, reflected the shift in the fundamental...

The article provides an in-depth analysis of both direct and figurative usages, as well as the figurative transformations of the term 'twilight' in Russian poetry spanning over a cen­tury and a half of its evolution. The linguistic and poetic examination focuses on contexts featuring the lemma 'twilight' within the poetic corpus of the Russian National Corpus, spe­cifically those related to the period from 1756 to 1917. The chosen timeframe aligns with the initial recording of the selected lexeme...

... Biosemiotics. In: Biose­miotics in Transdisciplinary Contexts. Proceedings of the Gathering in Biosemiotics 6, Salz­burg 2006. Vilnius, pp. 133—141. Chebanov, S. V., 2007b. Communicative-glossematic conception of semiotic means (SM) as tool for explanation of understanding/misunderstanding. In: 9th World Congress of Semiotics. Helsinki — Imatra, pp. 107—108. Chebanov, S. V., 2008. Alternatives of Biosemiotics. In: 8th Gathering in Biosemiot­ics. Hermoupolis, p. 18. Chebanov, S. V., 2009....