Kant über inneren Sinn, Zeitanschauung und Selbstaffektion
The aim of this research is to explore what relations self-affection bears to the intuitions of inner sense. I propose that self-affection makes some contribution to formal intuitions and empirical consciousness by arguing that the functions of self-affection consist respectively in conceptualising and conscious-making. I begin by examining Kant’s concept of inner sense and point out that inner sense as a receptive faculty depends on ...
Expansionism in Poland’s strategic culture: historical retrospective and variations
....
The outlines of Polish expansionism
Although the borders of Poland<1> have changed over time, initially, the state was a middle-sized country.<2> Almost at any moment of its history, it has bordered on a larger power: the Holy Roman Empire and Prussia/Germany in the West, the Ottoman Empire in the south; Kievan Rus and later the Muscovite/Russian state in the east. As soon as it emerged on the political map of the world, Poland vied for territory with the Czech Duchy in Silesia, ...
Reputation core of Russian authorities: the case of the regional level of executive power
... surveys conducted in six regions of Central Russia. The study has revealed the main characteristics constituting the reputation core of executive authorities and described their specificity in different regions. Based on the results of the theoretical and empirical analyses, the author proposes a novel approach to defining the structure of the reputation core characteristic of the federal and regional executive authorities. The reputation core is a multi-component conceptual construct dominated by several ...
Pure and Impure Philosophy in Kant’s Metaphilosophy
... they related?”). This paper focuses on the third project. In particular, it explores one of the most intriguing yet puzzling aspects of Kant’s philosophy, viz. the relationship between what Kant calls ‘pure’ philosophy vs. ‘applied’, ‘empirical’ or what we can broadly refer to as ‘impure’ philosophy. (As we shall see, in order to be able to address this third project, we shall also need to examine the other two projects in detail.) My plan is as follows. First, I discuss four ...
Evolution of civil promotion in rank in the Russian empire in the 18th and 19th centuries
The author studies governmental measures to regulate the sphere of promotion in rank in the Russian Empire analyzing new data obtained from unpublished documents of the Russian State Historical Archive (RGIA). Documents demonstrate the role of the Table of Ranks of Peter I and its influence on the development of civil ranks in the Russian Empire. The ...
The concept “people” in A. S. Shishkov’s manifestoes in the discourse of the Patriotic War of 1812
...
Altshuller, M. G., 2007. Beseda lyubitelei russkogo slova: U istokov russkogo slavyanofil’stva [Conversation of lovers of the Russian word: At the origins of Russian Slavophilism]. Vol. 2. Moscow (in Russ.).
Boyko, P., 2012. The estates of the Russian Empire in the Patriotic War of 1812. Rusin, 4(30), pp. 29—38 (in Russ.).
Vishlenkova, E. A., 2011. Vizual’noe narodovedenie imperii, ili “Uvidet’ russkogo dano ne kazhdomu” [The visual ethnology of the empire, or “Not Everyone Is Given to ...
The rhetoric and logic of the representations of the Russian-Turkish War of 1877–1878 in Russian public discourse
The Balkan crisis of 1875—1876 and the ensuing Russo-Turkish war of 1877—1878 were the first major foreign policy challenges for the Russian Empire in the entirely new public sphere situation. The military reform of 1784, which replaced recruitment with conscription, translated in the involvement of the general public in the current events. The new public sphere, which had been developing ...
Kantian motives in logic and philosophy of science. Idea of Unity of a priory and empirical knowledge
Kant insisted on the inherent unity of a priori and empirical elements of cognition. To what extent further progress of philosophy and exact sciences confirmed (or modified) original Kant ideas? I'm inclined to judge that apriorism in its modest version do not contradict to modest type of empiricism. Real ...
Kantian motives in logic and philosophy of science. The idea of unity of a priory and empirical elements of cognition
Kant insisted on the inherent unity of a priori and empirical elements of cognition. To what extent further progress of philosophy and exact sciences confirmed (or modified) original Kant ideas? I'm inclined to judge that apriorism in its modest version does not contradict a modest type of empiricism. ...
Old Believers in the Northwestern krai of the Russian empire in the 19th — early 20th century: guides of the Russian idea or religious outcasts
The article examines the issue of the place of the Old Believer community in the Northwestern region of the Russian Empire during the process of Russification in the 19th to early 20th centuries. To achieve the research goal, the following tasks were addressed: a historical overview of the formation of the community in the Grand Duchy of Lithuania was provided, a characterization ...
International heritage in the memorial landscape of the Kaliningrad region
This article aims to analyse the structure of sites in the Kaliningrad region commemorating events, phenomena or figures of international history, as well as to reveal their symbolic significance. The study uses empirical data on the origin, time of construction and purpose of the monuments, memorials and other places of commemoration. Theoretically, it draws on the concepts of cultural memory and sites of memory. The idiographic and historiographic methods were ...
The Problem of Being: Kant and Heidegger
... understanding, but also as the fundamental faculty of ontological cognition. He links it with the phenomenon of time, arguing that the object of knowledge as such is also linked with this phenomenon. True, for Heidegger what matters is not a singular empirical object, but the universal noumenal object, including being. Consequently, Heidegger draws a distinction between empirics and sensibility: all empirics is sensible, but not all sensibility is empirical. A triangle in general, a dog in general,...
Mental lexicon and language consciousness: similaritiea and discrapencies in research methodology
... research, in which the comparison is based on the nature of the activities that representatives of different groups carry out regularly. Studies on language consciousness are similar to studies on mental lexicon in experimental procedures for obtaining empirical material and differ from them in general methodological principles arising from the definition of this concept, and in procedures for processing and theoretical analysis of empirical material. To distinguish itself from mental lexicon research,...
The Role of the Sublime in Kant’s Religion: Moral Motivation and Empirical Possibility
... awakens the moral feeling of subjects in the sense of the possibility of overcoming one’s perverted nature; 2) as moral perfection it provides immediate transparency to the end goal of morality; 3) just as in the case of associative construction of empirical concepts, the sublime provides the prototype for association through which empirical acts are determined as moral ones; 4) the image of Christ also acts as motivator by encompassing said transparency and standard in the idea of moral perfection....
Kant’s transcendentalism and concept of the thing in itself
... (transcendentalism) and its central concept — the thing in itself is the kind of concept without which it is impossible to enter Kant’s philosophy (a paraphrase of Jacobi’s maxim). Methodologically, transcendentalism implies a transcendental turn from studying [empirical] objects to analysing the [transcendental] conditions of their cognition. Metaphysically, Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the crucial distinction between the thing in itself and the appearance. To give a more precise definition of Kant’s ...
Satisfaction of Polish Bank Employees with Incentive Systems: An Empirical Approach
... requirements for the efficiency of human resource management (HRM) and internal public relations make it a major management problem. The importance of this study lies in the fact that incentives affect all stages of HRM. This work reports the results of an empirical survey of Polish bank employees, which was aimed to establish to what degree incentive systems met employees’ expectations, and to analyse the impact of such incentives on employee satisfaction. The authors advance the thesis that male bank ...
How transcendental are Kant’s principles of public law?
... and international researchers. The article strives to answer the question as to what type of ‘public’ is meant by these principles, whether these principles can serve as a priori criteria for selecting maxims, how efficient these principles are as empirical criteria for establishing legitimacy, and whether they can be characterized as ‘transcendental’. Kant’s discourse on publicity — a result of strenuous efforts presented in a number of writings and lectures — takes the reader to the ...
The Imperishable Kant: Deleuze on the Consistency of the Faculties of Reason
The influence of Immanuel Kant’s philosophy on the ideas of Gilles Deleuze was quite substantial. However, analyses of the correlation between the ideas of the two philosophers have not yet received proper research attention, especially in Russian-language literature. To reveal the essence and history of the development of Deleuze’s attitude to Kant, the former’s work, Kant’s Critical Philosophy: The Doctrine of the Faculties (1963), in which the French philosopher aims to find the potential...
Societal security in the Baltic Sea Region: the Russian perspective
... database. Different sources can contradict each other and/or be fragmentary. Available statistics is sometimes misleading or incomplete. As far as academic works are concerned, their authors differ by their methods of assessment and interpretation of the empirical data. That is why it is important check and double-check available sources in terms of their reliability as well as to compare them with each other to exclude unreliable or erroneous data and biased judgements.
More specifically, I use three ...
Angiolini vs Kant: Philosophical Endeavour at the Polotsk Jesuit Academy
... framework of the Scholastic tradition. It is therefore not irrelevant to look at how Kant’s programmatic ideas were perceived at the Polotsk Jesuit Academy, one of the few centres of Jesuit philosophy that survived in the territory of the Russian Empire in the early nineteenth century. The object of this study is the attempt at a critical analysis of Kant made in the Philosophical Instructions for Students at the Polotsk Academy by the Academy’s professor, Giuseppe Angiolini. Angiolini constantly ...
Attempts to reform the financial system of the German Empire in the early XX century
Preparation for the World War I at the turn of the XIX-XX centuries challenged various national financial systems. The German Empire faced this challenge, so its finances bad to be regularly strengthened in order to cover all the mass military needs. After O. v. Bismarck’s resignation, the positions of the chancellor were held by politicians who did not have any background ...
The remaking of geopolitical space and institutional transformations: the case of the Baltic Region
... Transplantation. Experiences with Transfer of Policy Institutions, Springer. doi:
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0001-4
.
10. Judson, P. M. 1996, Exclusive Revolutionaries: Liberal Politics, Social Experience, and National Identity in the Austrian Empire, 1848—1914 (Social History, Popular Culture, And Politics In Germany), University of Michigan Press, Michigan, doi:
https://doi.org/10.1080/03612759.1997.10525297
.
11. Marshall, P. J. 1998, Oxford History of British Empire. V.II. The Eighteenth ...
Transformation of the institutional matrix of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania within the Russian Empire
... of the society — recuperation via integration of a part of the disintegrated social structure into a new one. A fine example of such a process is given by the admission of a part of Rzeczpospolita (Grand Duchy of Lithuania lands) into the Russian Empire. Those events had a major impact on the ensuing historical path of Belarus, which makes it more urgent to be studied. Herein, we employ the institutional approach supplemented with the recently developed theory of institutional matrices. It is ...
The concepts of citizenship and estate in Russian history — continuity and / or intermittence
... [Works in two volumes]. Vol. 2. Moscow, pp. 379—382 (in Russ.).
Kutafin, O. E., 2004. Rossiiskoe grazhdanstvo [Russian citizenship]. Moscow (in Russ.).
Lohr, E., 2017. Rossiiskoe grazhdanstvo. Ot imperii k Sovetskomu Soyuzu [Russian citizenship. From Empire to the Soviet Union]. Translated from English by M. Semikolennykh. Moscow (in Russ.).
Malakhov, V. S., 2014. Kul’turnye razlichiya i politicheskie granitsy v epokhu global'nykh migratsii [Cultural differences and political boundaries in ...
Raum- und Zeitkonzeption bei Kant
Die Grundsätze der Philosophie Kants, nach denen die sinnlichen Wahrnehmungen von Raum und Zeit, insofern sie die Wahrnehmungen des Grenzenlosen, des Allgemeinen sind, sind nicht empirischen, sondern apriorischen Charakters. Denn nur dem Apriorischen sind die Allgemeinheit und die Notwendigkeit immanent. Raum und Zeit als physische Erscheinungen interpretiert Kant als empirische, d. h. durchaus nicht grenzenlose, sondern als begrenzte und lokalisierte Phänomene. Die Drehung der Erde um ihre Achse...
Über die Rolle der Ideen Kants in der Entwicklung der Logik und der universitären Philosophie in Russland
This article analyses the impact of Kant's ideas on the development of logic and University philosophy in Russia. The integrity of philosophy, psychology (pedagogy), and logic until the early 20th century implied that Kant's ideas influenced logic via its philosophical foundations (empiricism versus the rationalistic aspects of Kant's philosophy). It was especially evident in the interpretations of logic in terms of psychologism and anthropologism ensuing from empiricism.
1. Андреев А....
Country Competitiveness: an Empirical Study
What makes countries competitive? What economic policies effectively influence country competitiveness? The aim of this research paper is to analyse country competitiveness empirically, in order to explore the factors that make countries competitive. This can allow governments to structure their business environment differently, and to elaborate strategies aimed at improving their countries’ overall competitiveness. Economic ...
The concept of the European Union’s normative power
... Manners, I. (eds.), Values and Principles in European Union Foreign Policy, London, p. 114–130.
10. Bickerton, C. J. 2011, Legitimacy Through Norms: The Political Limits to Europe’s Normative Power. In: Whitman, R. (ed.), Normative Power Europe: Empirical and Theoretical Perspectives. Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, p. 25–44.
11. Bull, H. 1982, Civilian power Europe. A contradiction in terms? Journal of Common Market Studies, Vol. 21, no. 2, p. 149–170.
12. Cochran, M. 1999, Normative ...
Trade Liberalisation and its Impact on Regional Development: Theoretical and Experimental Studies
The existing theoretical and empirical literature focusing on interconnections between international trade, trade liberalisation, and economic development provides ample evidence pertaining to nations and industries. However, another dimension of trade liberalisation — the assessment ...
Neo-Kantian and phenomenological axiology in N. N. Alekseev’s philosophy of law
... understanding features of social phenomena. The article considers the context of Windelband’s philosophy in Alekseev’s interpretation of the role of the rule in philosophy of law. It is shown that Alekseev employs the distinction between the a priori and empirical, suggested by the theory of values, in his philosophy. Values are identified as a basis for the development of law and morals in Alekseev’s philosophy. Comparing reality and values makes it possible to see how Alekseev combines the id eas ...
World War I refugees from the western regions of the Russian Empire: Sustaining life in the places of temporary residence
This article analyses the process of development and functioning of the state system of support for World War I refugees from the western territories of the Russian Empire in case of the central provinces of European Russia. It is concluded that the state system of refugee support proved to be efficient and managed to solve the problem of evacuation and relocation, as well as that of meeting the basic needs of millions ...
Magistrates’ and volost courts of the Russian Empire on their way to amalgamation
... institutions. As a result, under certain conditions, community courts are subject to the magistrates’ court or even included in its structure, absorbed by it. This article investigates the background and course of this process in the history of the Russian Empire of the 19th/early 20th centuries. The author explains how volost courts gradually became part of the Justice of the Peace.
1. Горская Н. И. Земство и мировой суд в России: законодательство и практика ...
The influence of political and socioeconomic processes in the Russian Empire on the development of the Baltic Fleet
This paper explores the influence of the development processes taking place in the Russian Empire on the Baltic Fleet. Five periods of the Baltic Fleet development are identified. The Fleet is interpreted as a significant element of the state mechanism for defending national interests in peace and wartime.
1. Горшков С. Г. Морская ...
The problem of empirical data validity in qualitative research
A study on the problems of social family-genetic memory may contain various mistakes made by senior respondents when recalling events of the past. The analysis of empirical data should take into account such memory-related mistakes. The interpretation of empirical data requires a special approach.
1.
Знанецкий Ф
. Мемуары как объект исследования // Социс. 1989....
Integration of Ethnic Groups and Regions into United Political and Legal Space: Characterising ‘Empire’ Scientific Category
The «empire» category is determined in legal science by historical and political characteristics and based on multi-structural public traditions. Imperial administration strengthens the asymmetrical status of ethnic groups and regions in their relation to ...
J. N. Tetens’s ‘transcendental philosophy’ as a basic science¬ and criti¬cal propaedeutics to metaphysics
In his treatise On General Speculative Philosophy, J. N. Tetens sets out to justify the possibility and necessity of metaphysics as a general speculative science. His primary objective is to defend metaphysics against the opponents, the most serious of which, in Tetens’s opinion, is D. Hume. In this connection, Tetens sharply criticises traditional empiricism and develops a new perspective on experience and the bases of its certainty. The main target of his critique is ‘popular philosophy’...
Kant on evil in the human nature
... wickedness not by deeds but solely by the way of thinking. The author discusses the question as to whether the intelligible good, i. e. the critical verification of rules regulating the actions against the categorical imperative, necessarily entail the empirically good. The conclusion is made that, in Kant’s works, the problem of evil is transferred from the empirical to noumenal sphere, from the real to intelligible world. Since Kant formulates the problem of evil in relation not to the empirical ...
Kant and Analysis
... option is to follow Ryle’s ideal of a label-free, coherent and honest thinking. As Lewin argues, Williamson’s views seem at least partially to agree with Kant’s conception of the difference between philosophy and history of philosophy as well as empirical analysis and the underlying empirical realism. Williamson replies that he uses ‘analytic philosophy’ in its current meaning, which is not composed of the meanings of ‘analytic’ and ‘philosophy’. The current use is different from ...
Introduction to ‘Kant and Metaphilosophy’
... general subjects and problems constituting the research field of metaphilosophy. Several aspects of Kant’s conception of philosophy and its metaphilosophical value are the subject of current debates, such as the taxonomy of philosophy, relation between empirical and non-empirical philosophy, relation between philosophy and its history, conceptual analysis, deductive reasoning and philosophical disagreement.
Bacin, S., Ferrarin, A., La Rocca, C. and Ruffing, M., eds. 2013. Kant und die Philosophie ...
Men’s revolt: the struggle for gender equality in the Polish lands of the Austrian and Russian Empires at the beginning of the XX century: issues of political communication
The article examines the cooperation between men and women during the third wave of feminism in the Polish territories of the Russian and Austrian Empires at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. The role of individual men in the establishment of the first major feminist organizations is highlighted. The author studies the contribution of Stanisław Kośutski in forming the first mass women’s ...
Population change and the settlement system transformation in Poland, as revealed by the 2021 census
... voivodeship’s and its principal city’s populations would grow, not shrink.
The depression in the Łódź Voivodeship is associated with the degradation of light industries, mainly textiles, as well as leather and footwear industries. In the Russian Empire, Lodz was the major centre of the textile industry, the fifth most populous city after St. Petersburg, Moscow, Warsaw and Odessa (314,000 people according to the 1897 census). The industrial development of Lodz in the second half of the 20th century ...
Documents of personal origin of Russian jurors of the 1860s — 1890s as a historical source
The article studies the private documents of jurors of the Russian Empire such as diaries and memoirs and analyses them as a complex of historical sources containing unique information about the course of the trial and the work of the jury. The pool of documents included two diaries and eight memoirs. The author evaluated ...
Estonian ‘Balticness’ as a social construct: meanings and contextual specifics
... term Baltikum changed over time. At first, it was used to refer to the area populated by Baltic Germans, which is now part of Estonia and Latvia. During World War I, its meaning expanded to include all the north-western territories of the Russian Empire occupied by the troops of the German Empire. And the word acquired its current meaning only after World War II.<22>
The contexts where words derived from the root balti are used were divided into four categories: socioeconomic issues, politics ...
Small towns of Latvia: disparities in regional and urban development
... reasons for the disparity in the development of small towns in Latvia. A comprehensive approach was taken to integrate the results of territorial, spatial and socio-economic analyses. By employing the methodology of indexing and ranking large-scale empirical data characterising the development of all small towns in Latvia, the authors attempt to identify the reasons for the disparity in the development rate of small towns in Latvia. The index of territorial development of regions, cities and rural ...
Geoeconomic risks faced by the Russian Baltic region amid a deteriorating geopolitical situation
This article is a conceptual theoretical-empirical study of the geopolitical risks the Baltic Russian regions have faced amid the deteriorating geopolitical situation observed since 2014. The Baltic Russian regions are in a vulnerable position because of their geographical vicinity to EU countries,...
Kant and Wittgenstein on Thought Experiments and the Matter of Transcendental Arguments
It is necessary to reconsider P. M. S. Hacker’s assessment of Kant and Wittgenstein’s philosophical affinities and the question concerning Wittgenstein’s alleged use of “transcendental arguments”. First, Alfred Norman’s reading of the Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus as a thought experiment receives revision to develop a view of the Critique of Pure Reason as a large-scale thought experiment that shares important logical features with the Tractatus. Then the question is addressed whether...
"Petits portraits" by Louis-Leopold Boilly and their significance for studying the history of the era of the Premier Empire and the Restoration
... “small portraits” (“petits portraits”) of the famous French painter Louis-Léopold Boilly. We based it on published and archive French sources to show the importance of "small portraits" as the sources to explore the period of the Premier Empire and Restoration. Identification of these portraits with the help of historical and comparison method provides the possibility to explore specific social group of this epoch. The author made analysis of the portrait from Marmottan Monet museum and ...
Origins and historical background of German federalism
... United States and had its own specifics. In this article, the author attempts at illuminating the historical origins of German federalism that developed at the end of the 19th century during the formation of the North German Union and the German Empire in 1871.
Maksimov I. P.
German Empire, Prussia, Federalism, Unitarism, O. von Bismarck
61-67
Inadvisable Concession: Kant’s Critique of the Political Philosophy of Christian Garve
The starting point of my study is Kant’s remark to the effect that Garve in his treatise on the connection between morality and politics presents arguments in defence of unjust principles. Recognition of these principles is, according to Kant, an inadvisable concession to those who are inclined to abuse it. I interpret this judgement by making a detailed comparison of the texts of the two treatises. I demonstrate that Garve’s work is an eclectic attempt to combine in one concept the lessons of...
The Nature of Appearance in Kant’s Transcendentalism: A Seman- tico-Cognitive Analysis
... triad “object (thing in itself) — appearance — representation.” Within this triad, on the one hand, appearance differs from both thing in itself (external to us) and the representation (within us). On the other hand, appearance as an object of empirical intuition mediates the objective thing and its subjective representation. The introduction of the concept of appearance allows Kant to solve the semantic problem of the conformity of the representation to the object. In this case, appearance ...