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John Rawls’s interpretation of Kant’s categorical imperative is reviewed, some significant aspects of Rawls’ treatment of key notions of rationality, interests and ends are revealed, which limit the possibilities of application of Kantian ethics within Rawls’ liberal egalitarianism. 1. Калинников Л. А. Категорический императив и телеологический метод // Кантовский сборник. 1988. С. 25—38. Вып. 13. 2. Кант И. Основы метафизики нравственности // Соч.: в 6 т. М., 1964. Т. 4 (1). С. 219—310. 3. Ойзерман...

Kant’s views on space and time as well as his doctrine of the categories of understanding attracted the attention of thinkers belonging to the Russian spiritual-academic philosophical tradition of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. A prominent representative of these was Fyodor Golubinsky. He was among ...

The subject matter of the article is the problem of justification of punishment within Kant’s practical philosophy. Modern interpretations tend to reduce this problem to the issue of “retributivism”: To what extent is Kant’s theory of punishment to be regarded as retributivist? While acknowledging the significance of this question the author stresses a more fundamental one lying behind it: Is a non-contradictory theory of punishment conceivable at all within Kant’s philosophy? It is demonstrated...

Heiko Puls’ work Sittliches Bewusstsein und Kategorischer Imperativ in Kants Grundlegung: Ein Kommentar zum dritten Abschnitt, presents an attempt to show that, in the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant’s argumentation for the objective value of the categorical imperative is almost based upon the same principle as the one presented in the second Critique. More precisely, Puls claims that, like in the Critique of Practical Reason, the Groundwork operates with some kind of fact of reason-theory...

Robert Nozik's political theory contains an attempt to utilize Kant's notion of individual freedom and the second formula of his categorical imperative (“the principle of humanity as an end in itself”) for the justification of his libertarian “minimal state”. This article analyses and criticizes this attempt on the following grounds: a) the anthropological models of Kant's and Nozik's theories are incommensurable; b) different notions of human nature result in different understandings of freedom...

... whose theory of cognition bears an imprint of the Kantian theoretical philosophy. Kudryavtsev was not only thoroughly familiar with the Königsberg thinker’s work, but offered a critically reinterpreted version of Kant’s teaching on space, time and categories of understanding. But was the Russian philosopher original in his reading and critique of Kant? In his later works Kudryavtsev often cites the works of Friedrich Adolf Trendelenburg whose works turn out to be very close to the Russian philosopher....

Axiological categories and the concepts they consist of have always been a major area of interest in science. The development of cognitive linguistics has opened new perspectives for the study of axiological events, categories and concepts within them. This article ...

In the second section of the Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals, Kant introduces the concept of an end in itself and defines it as something whose existence has an absolute value. He continues with the assertion that the ground of a possible categorical imperative lies solely in this end in itself. Now Kant, in his remarks on the realm of ends, also operates with the notions of an end in itself and absolute value — seemingly in a different way, however. Thus, in the remarks on the realm of...

This article is an attempt at a comprehensive analysis of the core of Kant's ethics — the categorical imperative. The author considers and analyses critical comments of different philosophers and specialists in Kant's philosophy regarding the categorical imperative. 1. Alquié F. La morale de Kant. Paris, 1974. 2. Cohen H. Begründung der Ethik. Berlin, 1910. 3. Pothast J. Die Unzulänglichkeit der Freiheitsleweise. Frankfurt a/M, 1980. 4. Дробницкий О. Г. Кант — этик и моралист // Вопросы философии...

This article offers a comparative analysis of Kant's moral philosophy and the philosophy of Sade revealing the paradoxes of the categorical imperative. The satisfaction of the requirement of the categorical imperative is, on the one hand, a single and unique act and, on the other hand, a permanent and universal one. Although the familiarity with the categorical imperative does not always result in a moral action, the familiarity itself alongside the idea of forgiveness may be considered as a manifestation...

... Divorce” in order to refute the famous artistic idea of William Blake about a fruitful union or the marriage of Heaven and Hell, which personifies the creative mixture of good and evil, and as a result, the blurring of the boundaries of the main ethical categories, manifested in the moral relativism of man of the twentieth (and, perhaps, the twenty-­first) centuries. The genre of the text “The Lord of the Rings” by Tolkien can be defined as an epic fantasy dedicated to the eternal struggle of good ...

The article analyses certain types and results of the categorization of system objects reflected in the modern Russian language. Using methods of traditional and cognitive semantics, the author explores linguistic representations of categorization levels in the understanding of the ‘system’ phenomenon. The author attempts to correlate the identified classification rubrics with various knowledge formats as well as to consider the structure and content of these rubrics in the context of everyday and...

... in accordance with legal norms, criteria for the lawfulness of the implementation of actions, restrictions. Manifestations of positive legal responsibility should be sought not in specific legal norms, but in the legislatively established valuation categories. Evaluation categories act as a measure of discretion in the exercise of subjective rights, when the dispute is resolved by the law enforcer. 1. Чепус А. В. Теория позитивной юридической ответственности....

Despite the popularity of many of Kant’s ethical notions, such as autonomy, dignity and respect for persons, there is a perception, even among Kant scholars themselves, that one cannot reliably derive concrete duties from Kant’s moral philosophy. Against this, I shall argue that — properly understood — Kant’s ethics is of prime importance even today. I shall argue that Kant’s preferred procedure is actually the way we develop new ethical rules during the recent Coronavirus pandemic. In order to demonstrate...

My aim is to reconstruct the basic steps and the fundamental idea of Kant’s transcendental deduction of categories as well as Hegel’s interpretation and reframing of Kant’s idea. Hegel’s reading is crucial for two reasons: first, for fixing the basic form of the Kant­ian argument and secondly, for understanding its metaphilosophical relevance. For ...

The relation between Kant’s philosophy and the “philosophy of balance” as it is described in the report Come on! Capitalism, Short-termism, Population and the Destruction of the Planet, delivered to the Club of Rome in 2018, requires some analysis. The authors of the report consider Kant to be a philosopher of European Enlightenment which laid the foundations of the modern world, but also proved to be the source of global problems. The report characterises the philosophy of the Enlightenment as lop-sided...

Today the so-called problem of discourse should boil down to (1) identifying relevant con­textual variables, (2) matching these to specific linguistic categories, and (3) operationalizing the former vis-à-vis the latter. Having posited this, the purpose of the article is twofold. In a more theoretical sense, the purpose is to outline one possible model of context each 'tier' of which is potentially ...

The Russian intuitivist philosopher Nikolay Lossky repeatedly admitted Kant’s substantial formative influence on him as a scholar. Moreover, Lossky was a disciple of the Russian Kantian Aleksander Vvedensky, and was one of the most successful translators of the first Critique. However, his own philosophical project is rather the opposite of the critical programme. While in the framework of Lossky’s epistemology the specificities of his reading of Kant have received a fair amount of attention in Russian...

... closer together. One can observe this process, for example, in the philosophical doctrines of the Russian intuitivists Nikolay Lossky and Semyon Frank. I demonstrate that the emergence of these doctrines and the development of their onto-gnoseological categorial apparatus were mainly connected with the criticism of the Neo-Kantian theory of cognition and the possibility of transcendent knowledge as such. The main sources of my study are The Intuitive Basis of Knowledge and The World as an Organic Whole ...

... faculties. The importance of this problem stems from the colossal significance of each of the above-mentioned faculties which are intimately connected with Kant’s formulation of the key tasks of transcendental philosophy. The prime task is to discover the categories of understanding and to prove the legitimacy of their use, a task that is further complicated by the difference between the editions of the Critique of Pure Reason in terms of the argumentation in the section on the deduction of categories ...

This interview explores the extent to which Kant’s philosophy, which postulates certain moral principles categorically, has influenced the contemporary theory of justice. Many academics believe such principles to be relative and emphasise that justice lies beyond the remit of science. Otfried Höffe is convinced that categorical legal principles remain a valid subject for an academic discussion. In his works, he often appeals to Kantian philosophy. In the interview, Prof. Dr. О. Höffe refers to such...

This article offers a comparison of certain fundamental ethical ideas of Eastern philosophical traditions with Kant's categorical imperative aiming to corroborate the thesis about the moral unity of humanity and give a moral assessment of the state of Russian society. 1. Вивекананда С. Карма-йога. Пг., 1916. 2. Дао дэ цзин / пер. Ян Хин-шуна. СПб., 2011. 3. Кант И. Основы метафизики нравственности // Кант И. Соч. : в 6 т. М., 1965. Т. 4, ч. 1. С. 219—310. 4. Малявин В. Конфуций. М., 1992. ethics...

... distinguishing the Doctrine of Schematism from the Deduction of the Pure Concepts of the Understanding. This provides clarity on the function of schematism. The author conceives of schematism as something entirely new to the Transcendental Deduction of the Categories, namely, as preparation for the use of categories as predicates in sentences known as the ‘Principles of Understanding’ referring to phaenomena (appearances in time and space) rather than the undetermined concept of objects in general. ...

This article focuses on the problem of reconciling a priori and empirical dimensions of freedom, will, and action as the crucial point for understanding the relationship between theoretical and practical reason in Kant’s and Husserl’s practical philosophy. Relying on the explanation of the relationship between transcendental and practical freedom given in Kant's practical philosophy, the author problematizes Kant’s thesis about the primacy of practical reason. This is the starting point and leitmotif...

... him to the problem of cognition and increment of knowledge. Peirce was never a Kantian but the oeuvre of the Königsberg philosopher had a profound effect on all of his further works. The major elements of Kant’s theory (transcendental deduction of categories, classification of judgements, synthetic and analytic judgement dichotomy, etc.) were substantially modified by Peirce. He reduced the number of categories, changed their content, and transformed analytic and synthetic judgements into ampliative ...

... was, I first reconstructed the views of Shaftesbury on the nature of the moral sense and then proceeded to analyse the place of this concept in Hutcheson’s philosophy. In the case of the former the moral sense is closely linked with the aesthetic categories of the beautiful and the ugly which correspond respectively to the aesthetic categories of good and evil. The latter associates the moral sense with reason. I then examine Kant’s attitude to the concept of moral sense. First I look at the ...

... 1966. The Bounds of Sense: An Essay on Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason. London & New York: Routledge. Van Cleve, J., 1999. Problems from Kant. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press. Westphal, K. R., 2021. Kant’s Transcendental Deduction of the Categories: Critical Re-Examination, Elucidation and Corroboration. Helsinki: Helsinki University Press. Kant, metaphysics of experience, objects of experience, a priori, pure categories of understanding, causality, necessity, constituting the object ...

Diagnostic thinking is a vital professional component of many occupations, in particular, of a teacher-psychologist. The purpose of the study was to identify the place and role of various mental operations in the structure of diagnostic search carried out by a teacher-psychologist. The article explores cognitive operations used by a teacher-psychologist within the framework of a diagnostic algorithm. These operations are differentiated for various stages of diagnosis; their priorities are established...

... structure has led to identifying differences in the notions of love and amorousness among nonbelieving and believing respondents — members of the Protestant community. In the basis of the differences in the concept of love, respondents have followed the categories of "sacrifice", "god", "negative consequences". The hierarchy of coinciding categories in the respondents' views has reflected differences in two samples. The category of "physical intimacy" has been ...

... Hafri A., Papafragou A., Trueswell J. C. Getting the gist of events: Recognition of two-participant actions from brief displays // Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 142. 2013. P. 880—905. 21. Lakoff G. Women, fire and dangerous things: what categories reveal about the mind. Chicago, 1987. 22. Langacke R. W. An Overview of Cognitive Grammar. Vol. 2. Stanford, CA, 1988. P. 9—47. 23. Langacker R. W. Concept, Image and Symbol: The Cognitive Basis of Grammar. Berlin ; N. Y., 1990. 24. Langacker ...

... разработка и учебные задания к спецкурсу «Грамматическая синонимия». Л., 1984. Ieronova I., Soskina S. thinking type, grammatical sentence, in-phrasal and out-phrasal morphology, grammatical categories, logical categories, inference, incidence, communication type, subject formation, cognitive evolution 5-12

The key component of lifelong self-education of a linguist is individual learning of foreign languages. The science that studies theory of individual (foreign) language learning is called linguoautodidactics. The author analyses its basic categories and possibilities of application as a discipline at a linguistic university. 1. Днепров С. А. Пособие по автодидактике к курсу возрастной педагогики.Екатеринбург, 1994. ...

This article deals with affectedness, a semantic category which underlies particular syntactic phenomena determining syntactic rules and tendencies but having no morphological markers, not unlike other covert categories. It is relevant to direct object selection in various languages, be-passives and getpassives in English, some types of impersonal sentences in Russian, etc.,which reflects general typological patterns. 1. Арутюнова Н. Д. Введение ...

... iноземних мов. Харкiв, 2006. Вип. 49. № 726. С. 14—20. 17. Auburger L. Sprachvarianten und ihr Status in den Sprachsystemen. Hildesheim ; Zürich ; N. Y. ; Olms, 1993. 18. Lakoff G. Women, fire and dangerous things: what categories reveal about the mind. Chicago, 1987. 19. Langacker R. Faundations of Cognitive Grammar. Stanford, 1987. Vol. 1. 20. Posner R. Pragmatics // Semiotics: a handbook on the sign-theoretic foundations of nature and culture. Berlin ; N. Y., 1997....

This article considers the functional-semantic category of modality in the system of such text categories as microtext, macrotext, and metatext. The author describes the integrative function of modality in the construction of semantic hierarchy of Old Russian texts, as well as the functional role of complex syntactic constructions in the system ...

....uk/11725/ 13.  Jackendoff R. Patterns in the mind. Language and Human Nature. N.   Y., 1994. 14.  Langacker R. Foundations of cognitive grammar. V. 1: Theoretical prerequi­sites. Stanford, 1987. 15.  Lakoff G. Women, fire and dangerous things: what categories reveal about the mind. Chicago, 1987. 16.  Lehrer A. Prototype theory and its implications for lexical analysis // S.   L. Tso­hatzidis. Meanings and prototypes. L., 1990. P. 368—381. 17.  Lennenberg E.   H. Biological foundations ...

... —361. 7. Johnson M. The body in the mind: the bodily basis of meaning, imagination, and reason. Chicago; L . , 1987. 8. Кilgarriff A. Inheriting polysemy / University of Sussex. Brighten, 1992. 9. Lakoff G. Women, fire and dangerous things: what categories reveal about the mind. Chicago, 1987. 10. Nunberg G. The pragmatics of reference: doctoral dissertation. CUNY Gradu­ate Centre, 1978. 11. Nunberg G . The-non-uniqueness of semantic solutions: polysemy // Linguistics and philosophy. 1979....

The article presents the author’s view on modelling an expert system through the implementation of one of social paradigms. Such categories as ‘governance’, ‘leadership’, and ‘leadership management’ are identified as indicators of management interactions. Each of the categories is operationalized and provided with a detailed description, which includes autonomous social ...