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Due to technical reasons, several articles originally intended for the thematic issue “Pragmalinguistics: In Search of Synthesis” (Slovo.ru: Baltic Accent, 2025, No. 2), prepared by the editorial team in collaboration with guest co-editors V. V. Feshchenko, I. V. Zykova, and O. V. Sokolova, have been carried over into the present issue. With this release, we conclude ...

... Biological and Epistemological Perspectives on Selection and Self-Organization . Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 281—293. Hoffmeyer, J., 2007. Semiotic scaffolding of living systems. In: M. Barbieri, ed. In­tro ­ duction to Biosemiotics: The New Biological Synthesis . Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 149—166. Kel’bert, O. Ya., Trunin, M. V. and Uspenskii, B. A., 2016. Yu. M. Lotman — B. A. Uspenskii. Perepiska 1964—1993 [Yu. M. Lotman — B. A. Uspensky. Correspondence 1964—1993]. Tallinn (in Russ.)....

... Philosophical Quarterly , 15, pp. 37—46. Maier, E., 2017. Fictional names in psychologistic semantics. Theoretical Linguis­tics , 43 (1—2), pp. 1—45. Méndez-Martinez, J. L., 2019. What Counts as “a” 174 Sound and How “to Count” a Sound. Synthesis philosophica , 67 (1), pp. 173—190. Mikirtumov, I. B., 2018. Semiotic facts. Logiko-filosofskie shtudii [Logical and philo­sophical studies], 16 (4), pp. 311—334 (in Russ.). Mikirtumov, I. B., 2020. The logic of the naming relation ...

... other gravitates to ethnicity since it is used to refer to Russians. With the strengthening of state institutions in Russia, the first meaning was bound to dominate and it did at the beginning of the 19th century. However, one should speak not about the synthesis, but rather about the discordance of the two meanings. In the 19th century, another meaning developed in the semantic struc­ture of the word: ethnic Russians living abroad. Gradually, the word acquired new evaluative meanings, while negative ...

... Paradoxically, in Soviet Russia citizenship was defined through its absence, through what it was not. The concepts of citizenship and classhood during the Imperial and So­viet periods often coexisted, complementing each other and forming a bizarre synthesis of traditional and modern approaches to the interpretation of the concept of citizen­ship. Pevzner, M. B., 2003. Abbat Siies: ot Burbonov k Bonapartu [Abbot Sieyès: from the Bourbons to Bonaparte]. St. Petersburg (in Russ.). Babel, I. Rech ...

In this article, I define the concept of text and briefly discuss the related concepts of speech and discourse. I demonstrate how the humanities treat texts and examine the structur­al-semiotic and the hermeneutic approach. Further, I identify both the differences between these approaches and the similarities in the ways they interpret texts. I argue that the philo­sophical approach seeks to go beyond the text as far as possible without leaving it altogether and stress that the divide between the...

Digital philology studies texts and textuality in electronic networks and the ways of their reading, writing and transformation. Electronic texts are much more fluid and transformable than paper texts and oral utterances. Textonics is a combination of theoretical and practical work with digital texts, the use of the Internet and all the capabilities of computer technology to create new sign ensembles, to develop new genres of intellectual creativity, and to rethink and reorganize existing textual...

... not only in linguistics amd semiotics, but also in M. Weber's theory: thesubject of sociology is the understanding of “the meaning of behavior”. Based on the Weber’s definitions and their possible modification, we suggest the transdisciplinary synthesis around the study of the problem of meanings and their manifestation. Meaning production is understood as a result of the conjunction of linguistic and extralinguistic systems in the process of social interaction and communication. This allows ...

This article considers the synthesis of information transference in space and time and examines the etymology of Indo-European lexis. The author pays attention to the origin of the lexis connected with the ‘bear’ semantics. The bear taboo was developing against the background ...

This article examines the first attempts at introducing realistic portraits into Eastern European religious paintings. The author identifies stages in the development of this trend and describes aspects of cultural synthesis embodied in a portrait as the first secular genre of painting. A distinctive feature of this process is depicting an actual person in a religious context. 1. Александрович В. С. Портретная живопись во Львове ...

... Griffith, A. M., 2012. Perception and the Categories: A Conceptualist Reading of Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason. European Journal of Philosophy, 20(2), pp. 193-222. Grüne, S., 2009. Blinde Anschauung. Die Rolle von Begriffen in Kants Theorie Sinnlicher Synthesis. Frankfurt am Mein: Klostermann. Gunther, Y. H., 2003. General Introduction. In: Y. H. Gunther, ed. 2003. Essays on Nonconceptual Content. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 1-19. Hanna, R., 2001. Kant and the Foundations of Analytic ...

... System? Journal for the History of Philosophy, 25, pp. 533-555. Förster, E., 1989. Kants Selbstsetzungslehre. In: E. Förster, 1989. Kant’s Transcendental Deductions. Stanford: Stanford University Press, pp. 217-238. Förster, E., 2000. Kant’s Final Synthesis. An Essay on the Opus Postumum. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Friedman, M., 1992. Kant and the Exact Sciences. Cambridge, Mass.; London: Harvard University Press. Gulyga, A. V., 1977. Kant. Moscow: Molodaya gvardiya. (In Rus.) ...

... which would offer a more solid scientific grounding for his entire system. I believe that Darwinism is such a link which bolsters the central but ungrounded thesis of the Critique of Pure Reason on the existence of a priori synthetic judgments. The synthesis of Darwinism and critical philosophy dictates, however, a substantial restructuring of the latter since some of its key elements prove to be weak in the light of modern studies and need to be revised or even reversed. The first reversal explored ...

... hand, Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the distinction between things-in-themselves and appearances. On the other hand, our method of cognition is representative in that is based on representations — subjective and objective (objectual) ones. A synthesis of the above considerations suggests that Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the [conceptual] triad — ‘[objective] object (thing-in-itself; Ding an sich) —appearance (Erscheinung) — and [mental] representation (Vorstellung)’. Kant’s ...

... и учение Канта. СПб., 1997. 9. Allison H. E. Kant’s Transcendental Idealism. An Interpretation and Defence. New Haven; London, 1983. 10. Gerhardt V., Kaulbach F. Kant. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, 1979. 11. Hoppe H. Synthesis bei Kant: Das Probleme der Verbindung von Vorstellungen und ihrer Gegenstandsbeziehung in der “Kritik der reinen Vernunft”. B.; N. Y., 1983. 12. Howell R. Kant’s Transcendental Deduction: An Analysis of Main Themes in His Critical Philosophy....

.... Welton, Bloomington, Indianapolis: Indiana University Press, p. 181—198. 7. Chernyakov, A. G. 1991, Transcendentnoye i Transcendentalnoye. Problema Syntheza v Philosophii Kanta i Husserla. [The Transcendent and the Transcendental. The Problem of Synthesis of Kant’s and Husserl’s Philosophy.], in: Logos. Mezhdunaronye Chtenia po Istorii Kultury. [A Logos. International Reading on Cultural History.] Book 1, Leningrad: Edition of Leningrad State University, p. 159—181. 8. Christensen, R. 1981,...

... post-neokantowskie projekty filozofii [Towards ontology. Nicolai Hartmann and Martin Heidegger’s post-neo-Kantians projects of philosophy]. Krakow. 46. Pietras A. 2013, Nicolaia Hartmanna projekt syntezy dyskursu i intuicji [Nicolai Hartman’s project of the synthesis of discourse and intuition] // Przeglad Filozoficzny. Nowa Seria [Philosophical Review. New Series]. № 1, p. 335—350. 47. Poma A. 1988, La Filosofia Critica di Hermann Cohen. Milano.; Poma A. 1997, The Critical Philosophy of Hermann Cohen....

... variables of separation and association activities. This means that the preservation of direction variables is a distinctive feature representing a scheme of thinking and, therefore, a system of philosophy. Schemes of thinking are not determined by synthesis or removal, but rather by preservation. In conclusion, it is possible to state that, in Cohen’s critical idealism, this belongs to the basic structure of the pure activity, which generates thought, and that thought is a sign of otherness and ...

This article is devoted to the correlation between liberal and socialist ideas in the social and philosophical conception of the prominent methodologist of social sciences and a Neo-Kantian legal theorist Bogdan Kistyakovsky. The author stresses the uncertainty of both the definition of liberalism and the principles behind attributing concrete thinkers to this movement. The article emphasises the inconsistency of classifying Kistyakovsky’s socio-philosophical concept as liberal. The analysis performed...

A reflection on the meaning of Kant’s manuscript where he uses the expression ‘metaphysics of science’. 20th century philosophy of science acknowledged empiricism and it was anti-metaphysic and positivistic. However, all forms of empiricism and positivism lead to a negation of philosophy, replacing it with logical, methodological, historical, sociological, psychological, cultural, and other studies. In effect, philosophy is the cognition of the absolute universal in both theoretical (the true being)...

... knowledge in general and metaphysics in particular. In the argument between the advocates of the Leibniz-Wolff geometric philosophy and their opponents — enlighteners-eclecticists and pietists, Tetens manages to take a neutral position conducting a synthesis of the British observingphilosophy, French ‘reasoning philosophy’, and the Leibniz-Wolff ‘geometric philosophy’. Tetens attempts to show the limitedness of common understanding and the supremacyof scientific reason. In this relation,...

... of revelation relates to the notion of freedom.The author believes that Rosenzweig is a thinker that occupies a position between old and new philosophy. For the author of The Star of Redemption, the logical and argumentative aspect (of analysis and synthesis) and the hermeneutical aspect of religious experience are necessary elements of the path to understanding the truth, which can be fully reproduced and implemented only in listening to the word of god. 1. Кант И. Критика практического ...

... und Anmerkungen. Tübingen, 2003. 9. Maimon S. Versuch einer neuer Logik oder Theorie des Denkens. Tübingen, 2004. 10. Schechter O. The Logic of Speculative Philosophy and Skepticism in Maimon’s Philosophy: Satz der Bestimmbarkeit and the Role of Synthesis // Salomon Maimon: Rational Dogmatist, Empirical Skeptic. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2003. P. 18—53.

The article deals with the cognitive analysis of poetic images based on the critical approach to the conceptual blending theory (G. Fauconnier, M. Turner), taking into account the findings of the biographical analysis ensuring an in-depth interpretation of the blended spaces. The study aims to show that the semantic complexity of the poetic image goes beyond the conceptual transfer between the source and target mental spaces. Examining the case of Pärnu Elegies (1981) by David Samoylov, the article...

The article considers specifications of word-concept borrowing in the discourse field “Environmental friendliness”. On the examples from German-language media the article describes the processes of new words’ access to the German language and the nature of their functioning in the media discourse 2019— 2022. The relevance of this study is to identify and describe, through contextual discourse analysis, new global concepts that function in a synthetic communication space with the view to exchanging...

... speech communication with non-native speakers. The illustrative and novel nature of the research proceeds from a comparative analysis of the empirical material of three languages: Russian, English, and German. The study relies on observation, analysis, synthesis, generalization, content analysis, as well as the comparative method allow expanding the scope of research on the technol­ogy and problems of translating a special text and formulate recommendations for the translator.

... algorithm. These operations are differentiated for various stages of diagnosis; their priorities are established. It is determined which operations are most important for each of the stages of the diagnostic algorithm. Mental operations (such as analysis, synthesis, analogy, generalization, comparison, etc.) are important for the diagnostic process and can be necessary components of diagnostic thinking. Comprehensive professional operational thinking of a teacher-psychologist is the basis of successful ...

The article presents the results of an interdisciplinary analysis, categori­cal synthesis and generalization of experience in the implementation of aca­demic and professional discourse in higher professional education. This dis­course is presented as an open system, the process of self-organization of which is aimed at providing ...

... the aesthetic paradigm taking place in modern prose and affecting the foun­dations of its poetics. Special attention is paid to that kind of changes in the spatio-temporal organization of the text. Its peculiarity in Ishiguro's novel is the artistic synthesis of the surreal elements (mythopoetics, space of memory, the loci of consciousness, intertextual inclusions), which is nominated as on­iric space (J. Faryno). It is created along with the images appearing in the pro­cess of recollecting in ...

... self-identification of people with disabilities on their social integration and inclu­sion. The complexity of internal contradictions of these processes and a limited number of research works on the problem determined the need for a new inte­grative analysis and synthesis of the existing theories and empirical facts. The evolution of the concepts of social integration and inclusion of people with disabilities is described as a socio-political trend of imposing ‘inclusive socie­ty’ and ignoring its stratification ...

The poetic destiny of the outstanding German poet and novelist Johannes Bobrowski is being considered. His poetology in the most complicated synthesis of antinomic semantics and metrics is being analyzed. The existence of guilt with its exacerbated spirit of his Christian humanity’s eschatological personalism in creative work of Bobrowski is being emphasized. The conclusion about the essential ...

... технологии и ИТ-образование : матер. III Международной научно-практической конференции. М., 2008. 9. Mamdani Е. Н. Application of fuzzy logic to approximate reasoning using linguistic synthesis // IЕЕЕ Transactions оn Computers. 1977. Vol. 26, № 12. Р. 1182—1191. 10. Zadeh L. А. Fuzzy sets // Information and Control. 1965. Vol. 8. P. 338—353.

After 1900, literary manifestations of subjectivity underwent serious changes, which contributed to the increasing diversity and synthesis of means to create a literary reality. Daniel Kehlmann’s novel I and Kaminski (2003) is analysed from this perspective. Its text is compared with poetic works of German authors, which makes it possible to identify similarities and understand ...

The modern situation in education demands the integration of various types of knowledge. Linguistics and Culture studies are a synthesis serving as a “bridge” for the dialogue of cultures. The linguocultural competence is an integral attribute of the professional competence of the teacher in higher education. 1.  Городецкая Л.   А. Лингвокультурная ...

On the basis of the analysis of recent foreign research, the author traces theoretical preconditions of on-line learning. The discovery model as well as guided discovery model is considered. Computer-supported collaborative learning is viewed as a synthesis of the following approaches: learner-oriented, constructivist and communicative 1.  Anderson J.   R., Reder L.   M., Simon H.   A . Situated learning and education // Edu­cational Researcher. 1996. Vol. 25 , N 4. P. 5—11. 2. Barab ...

... activity, as a rule, is considered while a number of other relevant aspects are being studied rather than as an independent category. The research mainly relied on the method of materialistic dialectics as well as the methods of information analysis and synthesis, the formal-legal and comparative-legal methods. The empirical basis of the study was an analysis of the legislation of the Russian Federation related to the issue of legal regulation of judicial activity, as well as an analysis of the data ...

... and retrospective analyses, profiling theoretical developments are built, as well as the main methods that make up its methodology. The author concludes that profiling is a complex technique that synthesizes provisions from other sciences, but the synthesis takes place within the framework of the search for a criminal and his intended place of residence. The author also questions the differences between the psychological portrait of a criminal and profiling, the methods used by profiling and the ...

... the modern frames of the legal state that functions as a necessary counterbalance to the state monopoly on power and governance. The cope of research methodology is very wide, including the dialectic method of cognition, the methods of analysis and synthesis, and formally logical, historical legal and comparative legal methods. The result of the research that has been undertaken shall be the definition of the legal state, which is based on the rule of law, the recognition of law, the respect of ...

At present, the regulation and unification of non-financial reporting are of great interest to scientific community. International accounting standardization organizations offer a variety of reporting formats and a set of indicators of corporate non-financial reporting for their users. The article explores some provisions that regulate the composition of non-financial reporting and offers their comparative analysis. As a result of the study, the authors proposed a new composition of the reporting...

The article analyses statistical data about bиrglaries are investigated and generalised. The initial stage of investigation and the typical errors supposed by inspectors at investigation of crimes of the given kind is analyzed. The expediency of use of a method of modelling as the synthesising beginning capable considerably to raise efficiency of disclosing and investigation of bиrglaries is proved. It is underlined necessity of use of the situational approach and crime studying for three phases:...

The research evaluates the effect of amino acids (phenylalanine and tyrosine) on the growth and content of biologically active substances in the culture of bearded roots of Hyssopys officinalis. The study of the effect of amino acids on the growth of raw biomass of bearded roots of H. officinalis showed that when phenylalanine and tyrosine were introduced into the nutrient medium at a concentration of 1 μM, the maximum increase in biomass was observed. The content of biologically active substances...

... География. 2009. Т. 22 (61), № 2. С. 160—166. 19. Audretsh, D. B., Feldman M. P. Innovative clusters and the industry life cy­cle // Review of Industrial Organization. 1996. Vol. 11. Р. 253—273. 20. Bergman, E. M. Cluster Life-Cycles: An Emerging Synthesis / eds. Industrial and Corporate Change. 2009. Vol. 19, № 1. Р. 205—238. 21. Dalum, B., Pedersen, R., Villumsen, G. Technological Life Cycles: A Regional Cluster Facing Disruption // European Urban and Regional Studies. 2005. Vol. 12, iss....

Research works aimed at assessing the interaction in the host-parasite system, pay attention to the products of the vital activity of the parasite. Hemozoin is one of the most promising metabolites that can be used for new methods of parasite diagnostics and treatment. It is known that hemozoin is produced by parasites causing schistosomiasis and malaria. Recent research has shown that hemozoin is produced by the hepatic trematode Opisthorchis felineus, but the effects associated with the presence...

... 1608—1611. 15. Menzel A., Sparks T. H. European phenological response to climate change matches the warming pattern // Global Change Biology. 2006. Vol. 12, Iss. 10. P. 1969—1976. 16. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment. Ecosystems and Human Well-Being: Synthesis. Washington, 2005. 17. Nelson E. J., Kareiva P., Ruckelshaus M., Arkema K. Climate change's impact on key ecosystem services and the human well-being they support in the US // Fron-tiers in Ecology and the Environment. Vol. 11, Iss. 9. URL: ...

... 6. Larbi A., Fulop T. From «Truly Naïve» to «Exhausted Senescent» T Cells: When Markers Predict Functionality // Cytometry Part A. 2014. Vol. 85A. P. 25—35. 7. Briend E., Colle J. H., Fontan E. et al. Human glycoprotein HGP92 induces cytokine synthesis in mouse mononuclear phagocytes // Int Immunol. 1995. Vol. 7. P. 1753—1761. 8. Brugger W., Mocklin W., Heirnfeld S. et al. Ex vivo expansion of enriched peripheral blood CD34+ progenitor cells by stem cell factor, interleukin-1a, IL-6, IL-3,...

... Sengenberger. Geneva, 1990. P. 37—51. 39. Bellandi M. Decentralized industrial creativity in dynamic industrial districts // Technological Dynamism in Industrial Districts: An Alternative Approach to Industrialization in Developing Countries? : Papers and Synthesis of Discussions of a Symposium on Industrial Districts and Technology. Geneva, 1994. P. 73—87. 40. Bellandi M. The industrial district in Marshall // Small firms and industrial districts in Italy / ed. by E. Goodman, J. Bamford. L., 1989. P....

... new of oxtocin/vasopressin family isolated from nerves of the cephalopod Octopus vulgaris // Sech. Phisiol. 1992. Vol. 134. P. 191—194. 34. Muccai S.   T., Steel C.   G., Saleuddin A. S. M. Involvement of endokrin dorsal bodies (Dbs) on protein synthesis in the ovotestis of Helisoma (Mollusca) // Amer. Zool. 1991.Vol. 31, №   5. P. 67 A.