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... achievement of this goal predetermined the need to consider various approaches to the interpretation of such a concept as "income from a crime under Article 171 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation". Within the framework of this study, a classification of damage from illegal entrepreneurship is proposed, depending on the subjects to whom it may be caused, and the need to include the loss of profits of the affected persons in the composition of the damage from the crime under consideration ...

... Smolensk-Belarusian borderland are examined based on microtoponyms and unofficial toponyms in the Rudnya district of the Smolensk region. The material obtained through a survey of local residents is analyzed from various perspectives using selected classifications (based on nomination objects, lexical-semantic classes, structu­ral and word-formation types). Names with dialectical foundations are singled out separately. Emphasis is placed on the role of unofficial names for geographical objects ...

... low-stature tree stands with varying canopy closure, mainly dominated by Betula pendula, but they exhibit substantial differences in the composition of herb-shrub and moss cover. The described community types are considered as non-hierarchical units in the classification of vegetation cover (at the micro-landscape level). Their identification through electronic and field mapping methods allows for a rapid visualization of the vegetation cover's characteristics on a map and enables its quantitative assessment,...

... priorities of regional policy of the modern state. The study of theoretical, methodological and applied aspects affecting the processes and mechanisms of development of new territories by the state is certainly relevant. The author of the article presented a classification of development types according to the criterion of the functional purpose of the development of new territories, as well as a typology based on the chronological criterion. Resource, institutional and network approaches to the development ...

... общих прин­ципов права в отечественной правовой системе: теоретико-правовой аспект // Юридическая техника . 2020. № 14 . С. 213—218. principles of law, classification of principles, general legal principles 23-44 10.5922/vestnikhum-2024-2-4

... of this method, the concept of storytelling in an educational context is defined, along with its theoretical foundation. The article highlights the key characteristics of a story within educational storytelling, its role, functions, and elements. A classification of storytelling method varieties is provided, and the advantages and potential of various forms of this method, particularly digital storytelling, are explored. The relevance of this method for educating modern students is substantiated....

... broad understanding of phraseology is adopted, encompassing phraseological expressions and fixed naming units. Continuous sampling methods were employed, along with observation, lexicographic, lexico-semantic and contextual analysis, systematisation and classification of linguistic material. The analysis demonstrates that contemporary media language unveils the semantic richness of phraseological units containing kinship terms, elucidates the cultural connotations embedded within them and highlights ...

The article has identified the main functions of clinical recommendations for patients (presented in written printed form and computer-mediated). It is determined that depending on the dominant function, clinical recommendations for patients can be classified into several types: those containing information about the disease — informative (leading function — informative); created to encourage patients to take care of their own health, engage in disease prevention — persuasive (leading function —...

... utilizing municipal and state statistical sources as well as databases such as SPARK-Interfax, zavody.rf, and fabricators.ru. As a result, the sectoral structure of the manufacturing industry in the Far North was identified, forming the basis for a proposed classification of industrial hubs divided into four categories. The study also highlights general trends in the development of the supporting frameworks of the manufacturing industry in the northern territories of Russia in recent years. The findings ...

... using standard methodologies applied for plant accounting in botanical gardens. The plant names comply with the requirements of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (2017), taking into account the modern International Taxonomic System of Classification (APG IV) and the database of the International Plant Taxonomy Encyclopedic Internet Project (The Plant List). As a result of the inventory of the taxonomic composition of the collections, a new “Catalogue of Plants of the Botanical Garden ...

In recent years, significant progress has been achieved in AMP research, revealing the potential of these compounds as alternatives to traditional antibiotics. Due to the diverse mechanisms of action and a wide range of antibacterial activity, AMP provides new opportu­nities for preventing and treating multidrug-resistant infections by creating foods with anti­microbial properties, new antimicrobial biologically active additives and medicines. This study aimed to create, characterise and classify...

... various algorithms for implementing diverse forms of creative activities, including text, image and music generation. Additionally, I present diverse opinions of researchers regarding creativity in AI. To systematise these perspectives, I propose a classification which allows their ranking. The conclusion emphasises that currently the issue of evaluating the creative potential of AI lacks a definitive solution, underscoring the relevance of further research. The future outlook may alter this situation,...

... Ethics and Religion. Sovremennye zapiski / Annales contemporaines, 9, pp. 259-283. (In Rus.) Gurvitch, G., 1937. Morale théorique et science des mœurs. Leurs possibilités, leurs conditions. Paris: Félix Alcan. Gurvitch, G., 1938a. Essai d’une classification pluraliste des formes de la sociabilité. Annales Sociologiques. Série A. Sociologie Générale, 3, pp. 1-48. Gurvitch, G., 1938b. Essais de sociologie: Les formes de la sociabilité: Le problème de la conscience collective. La magie ...

... Volf (In Rus.) Gurvitch, G., 1932. L’idée du droit social. Notion et système du droit social: histoire doctrinale depuis le 17e siècle jusqu’à la fin du 19e siècle. Avec préface de L. Le Fur. Aalen: Scientia. Gurvitch, G., 1938. Essai d’une classification pluraliste des formes de la sociabilité. Annales sociologiques. Série A. Sociologie générale, 3, pp. 1-48. Gurvitch, G., 1941. Mass, Community, Communion. The Journal of Philosophy, 38(18), pp. 485-496. https://doi.org/10.2307/2017118 ...

... of secondary usage. Each example was analyzed and categorized based on its type of use, including appellative (address), referential, or interjective use. Furthermore, for the secondary instances, the type of the meaning was also marked for accurate classification and analysis. The study delineated the semantic structure of the word ‘mamochka’ based on its various us­es. Common meanings encompassed appellative and referential usages, denoting a wife, a woman fulfilling maternal roles, or a woman ...

By de re propositional attitude ascription for rhetorical purposes, we will understand ut­tering a modal statement wherein the speaker deliberately uses a description of the attitude’s object which she knows to be unavailable to the attitude holder. As the existence of rhetorical de re is revealed, it gives rise to two questions that will be the primary concern of the present paper. (1) Using a rhetorical de re ascription, does the speaker utter something false in the model-theoretic sense? (2) Would...

The author endeavors to systematically present sense formation through the lens of the pragmasemantic approach. It enables the demonstration of how the primary factors of sense formation, socio-cultural practices and personal agency interact. Their relationship is non-linear: subjectivity results from the assimilation of socio-cultural experiences and the accom­panying narrative communication. Self-consciousness of the Self arises from the socialization of the individual through reflexive self-description...

... ‘wordless’ discourse, as well as to explore the conditions that facilitate its occurrence, underlying mechanisms, and its historical background. The analysis encompasses linguistic, historical, cultural aspects, and aims to determine its linguistic classification and overall significance. The discourse itself is interpreted as a revival of the archaic ritual of silence practiced in Ossetian patriarchal families, serving as a form of speech etiquette. This relic language practice, rooted in Indo-European ...

... V. I. and Mneva, N. E., 1963. Katalog drevnerusskoi zhivopisi XI — nacha­la XVIII vv. Opyt istoriko-khudozhestvennoi klassifikatsii [Catalog of ancient Russian pain­ting of the 11th — early 18th centuries. Experience of historical and artistic classification]. In 2 vol. Vol. 1. XI — the beginning of the XVI century. Мoscow (in Russ.). Begicheva, V., 2012. Dostoevsky and Holbein: faith versus disbelief. Nauka i reli­giya [Science and religion], 8, pp. 42—47 (in Russ.). Budanova, N. F.,...

This article explores the phenomenon of online political activism, specifically political blogging, from the perspective of the author's concept of prosumer activity. It focuses on the multimodal texts of websites that convey political messages using a range of semiotic codes. The study aims to demonstrate how the political identity of the addresser is encoded and expressed in the information product. The analysis results in a typology of multimodal texts, classified into three types based on their...

This research aims to present a coherent analysis of so-called “doctrinal hermeneutics” by examining notable passages from Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason and the Critique of the Power of Judgment. It is first shown that doctrinal hermeneutics essentially relies on symbolic hypotyposis, which can be understood as thinking by analogy supplemented with a reference to intuition. Here, both an historical and a contemporary interpretation inform the reconstruction of what Kant understands by...

... Linguistics and poetics. In: Strukturalizm: «za» i «protiv»: sbor­nik statei [Structuralism: “pro” and “contra”: a collection of articles]. Moscow, pp. 193—230 (in Russ.). Kibrik, A. A., 2009. Mode, genre and other parameters of discourse classification. Voprosy Jazykoznanija [Topics in the study of language], 2, pp. 3—21 (in Russ.). Krongauz, M. A., 2013. Samouchitel' olbanskogo [Self-help guide of Olbansky]. Mos­cow (in Russ.). Lyons, J., 1977. Semantics. Cambridge. Manovich,...

... speech acts of praise and flattery. In: Sintagmaticheskii aspekt kommunikativnoi semantiki: sbornik nauchnykh trudov [Syntag­matic aspect of communicative semantics: collection. Scientific works]. Nalchik, pp. 150—154 (in Russ.). Searle, J., 1986. Classification of illocutionary acts. In: Novoe v zarubezhnoi lingvis­tike. Teoriya rechevykh aktov [New in foreign linguistics. Theory of speech acts] . 17. Mos­cow, pp. 170—194 (in Russ.). Sedov, K. F., 1997. Vnutrizhanrovye strategii rechevogo ...

This article discusses the results of a survey underlying a reconstruction of ideas about tact and tactlessness in Russian communicative culture. The author considers the concept of tact to be a communicative strategy within the cate­gory of politeness that is closely related to native speakers' notion about the boundaries of private space. Thus, tact is defined as a communicative strategy driven by the speaker's desire to avoid infringing on the private space of their interlocutor. Moreover,...

This article addresses the problem of identifying hidden borrowings in the Russian language of the late 20th and early 21st centuries. The authors pay particular attention to expressions that convey meanings whose semiotic 'form' utilises linguistic elements pre-existing in the recipient language. The mechanism of embedding a semantic calque into an already existing model of signification is illustrated using the example of the collocation kak po mne and its interaction with the original Russian...

... razvitiya: Materialy Mezhdunarodnoi nauchnoi konferentsii [Russian Study of Verse: 100-yers Results and Development Prospects: Proceedings of the International Conference]. St. Petersburg, pp. 198—204 (in Russ.). Propp, V. Ya., 1976. Principles of Classification of Folklore Genres. In: V. Ya. Propp, ed. Fol'klor i deistvitel'nost'. Izbrannye stat'i [Folkore and Reality. Selected Articles]. Moscow, pp. 34—45 (in Russ.). Ranchin, A. M., 2021. Review of: Nikolaev S. L. “The Word about Igor's ...

... Sánchez Madrid, N., 2025b. Who Is the Caregiver in Kant’s Theory of Labour? Examining Social Domination in Classical German Philosophy. Kantian Review, First View, pp. 1-18. Sarti, R., 2023. Slaves, Servants and other Dependent People: Early Modern Classifications and Western Europe’s Self-Representation. In: J. Whittle and ‎T. Lambrecht, eds. 2023. Labour Laws in Preindustrial Europe. The Coercion and Regulation of Wage Labour. C. 1350-1850. New York: Boydell & Brewer, pp. 103-123. Sarvasy,...

For the first time, a find of an incomplete tooth (a fragment of the crown) belonging to a Cretaceous shark of the genus Ptychodus has been discovered in the Kaliningrad Region, with­in boulder-pebble material along the seashore near Zelenogradsk. Previously, the geogra­phically closest remains of Ptychodus were known from Upper Cretaceous reworked deposits in Lithuania. The morphological features of the studied tooth suggest that it is a symphyseal tooth and may be classified as Ptychodus cf. latissimus...

This study examines the morphometric characteristics of the Letny — Zimny pond sys­tem in Kaliningrad as factors potentially influencing the ecological condition of small artifi­cial water bodies. Based on hydroacoustic surveying conducted with the "AsCor" software-hardware complex, which simultaneously recorded current depth and geographic coordinates of the surveyed bottom areas in real time, bottom relief maps of the ponds were created for the first time. Key morphometric parameters...

Currently, there are several classifications of climate in geographical science, developed by different authors, both domestic and foreign. Each classification has its own principles for distinguishing climatic belts and climate types. Such principles include temperature and hu­midity ...

... eastern section of the Kaliningrad Sea Canal, including the area near the Kaliningrad wastewater treatment plant outlets. In winter, concentrations of mineral nitrogen and phosphorus corresponded to a potentially hypertrophic level according to the classification for the Baltic Sea waters, which manifests in the high biological productivity of the Pregolya estuarine system. An increase in phosphorus during summer under low nitro­gen concentrations creates conditions for the development of cyanobacteria ...

The article presents an assessment of the sustainability and variability of regional gas­tronomic brands in Russia. Based on the analysis of the regions’ participation in the national competition “Flavors of Russia” in 2020—2021, gastronomic events held in Russian regions in 2024 and 2025, as well as information on the gastronomic characteristics of Russian re­gions provided on the TasteAtlas platform, a typology of regional gastronomic brands has been developed. This typology takes into account...

The aim of the article is to assess the current level of digitalization in rural areas of the regions of the Central Federal District of Russia. A comprehensive methodology for evaluat­ing the level of digitalization has been developed, which includes 12 indicators grouped into three categories: the development of ICT infrastructure, digital community, and digital ser­vices. The indicator of rural digitalization is represented by an integral index (IDRA). The index was calculated using statistical...

This article is the study of the Chinese characters through the semiotic weakening law. The hieroglyphic sign shapes the Chinese linguistic and cultural domain following the unique algorithm to code information. However, the linear principle of the Indo-European semiotics can hardly be applied to the Chinese semiotics with the hieroglyph sign at its heart. This makes the problem of the research obvious, that is to study cognitive processes that underlie the formation of the Chinese characters. The...

This paper investigates the semantic adaptation of new borrowings in Russian, addressing a gap in research on this topic. The relevance of the study stems from the ambiguous and often negative public perception of the increasing number of borrowings in the Russian language. The study aims to classify these borrowings and identify the under­lying causes of the borrowing process. The central hypothesis is that the semantic adaptation of borrowings is determined by the types of cognitive categorization...

..., 13 (1), pp. 240—245, https://doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2020.1.48 (in Russ.). Anisimova, T. V. and Yarova, I. V., 2011. Reklama v izdatel'skom dele [Advertising in publishing business]. Izhevsk (in Russ.). Anisimova, T. V., 2016. Principles of classification of book advertising genres. Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya 2. Yazykoznanie [Science Jour­nal of Volgograd State University. Linguistics], 15 (4), pp. 104—113, https://doi . org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2016.4....

..., V. V., 2013. Russia and the Netherlands: Traditions, Historical Continuity, and New Prospects for Partnership. Available at: http://kremlin.ru/events/presi dent/transcripts/articles/17810 [Accessed 18 August 2024] (in Russ.). Searle, J. R., 1986. Classification of Illocutionary Acts. In: Novoe v zarubezhnoi ling­vistike [New in Foreign Linguistics]. Iss. 17. Moscow, pp. 170—194 (in Russ.). Sheigal, E. I., 2005. Problems of Political Discourse Analysis. In: Russkii yazyk v sov­remennom obshchestve: ...

... ‘jugaad), revealing gaps in the perception of seemingly similar phenome­na; visual anthropology; linguistic analysis of key terms, tracing their etymology, semantics, and usage in oral/written speech (e. g., in blogs and social media). A proprietary classification mat­rix has been developed to evaluate urban phenomena according to four parameters: for­ma­lization (F), temporal dynamics (T), social involvement (I), and material-symbolic compo­nents (M). This matrix systematizes diverse cases and ...

... (The Economist, The Daily Mail, Reuters, IFCMarkets). The genre of the analytical review and two methods of data processing — fun­damental and technical — are characterized. Approaches to the interpretation of the category of evaluation and the classification of its types are considered. The concept of speech influence is defined, and the means of its implementation are listed. The study, conducted according to the logic of parametric analysis, revealed the predominance of negative evaluation ...

The aim of the present study is to analyze the origins of women’s literary craftsmanship in Russia through the example of one of the first Russian female writers. The article examines the creative path of Alexandra Petrovna Khvostova (née Kheraskova), a distinctive Russian writer of the 18th century whose work, nevertheless, has not yet become the subject of independent scholarly research. At the same time, any account of the origins of Russian women’s prose cannot be considered complete without...

... root in the poetry of this period. The study demonstrates that the diversity of these color terms supplies the poetic language with gram­matically varied means that contribute to realizing the author’s artistic vision. A structural-morphological classification of ryzhiy color nominations is proposed, taking into account the number of stems. The research draws upon a rich body of poetic material from the first third of the 20th century, illustrating five linguistic groups of color terms containing ...