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... Internationalen Kant-Kongresses, Volume 1. Berlin: De Gruyter, pp. 313-326. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110874129.313 Pritchard, M. S., 1972. Human Dignity and Justice. Ethics, 82(4), pp. 299-313. Sangiovanni, A., 2012. Can the Innate Right to Freedom Ground a System of Rights? European Journal of Philosophy, 20(3), pp. 460-469. Sangiovanni, A., 2017. Humanity Without Dignity: Moral Equality, Respect, and Human Rights. Cambridge & MA: Harvard University Press. Schmidt, E. E., Schönecker, D., 2017. Kant’s ...

The early decades of the last century saw European philosophical thought becoming increasingly interested in the sociological extension of the idea of law. From the viewpoint of the sociology of law, law is formed in the process of social interactions and is not sanctioned by the state. Sergey Hessen and Georges Gurvitch base their conceptions of social law on the sociology of law in the 1920s and 1930s. They start a polemic in the pages of the journal Sovremenniye zapiski (Contemporary Notes). Although...

.... Filippov, M. M., 1893. Em. Kant. Ego zhizn’ i filosofskaya deyatel’nost’ [Immanuel Kant. His Life and Philosophical Activity]. St. Petersburg: Tipografiya P. P. Soikina. (In Rus.) Förster, E., 1987. Is There ‘a Gap’ in Kant‘s Critical System? Journal for the History of Philosophy, 25, pp. 533-555. Förster, E., 1989. Kants Selbstsetzungslehre. In: E. Förster, 1989. Kant’s Transcendental Deductions. Stanford: Stanford University Press, pp. 217-238. Förster, E., 2000. Kant’s Final ...

... [Transcendental Turn in Contemporary Philosophy (2): Kant’s Appearance, Its Ontological and Epistemic Status. Proceedings of an International Research Workshop]. Moscow: TsGI, pp. 12-15. (In Rus.) Oizerman, T. I., 2002. The Concept of Appearance in Kant’s System. In: History of Philosophy Yearbook 2000. Moscow: Nauka, pp. 196-208. (In Rus.) Pinkard, T., 2002. German Philosophy 1760–1860. The Legacy of Idealism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Razeev, D. N., 1997. “Appearance” and “Phenomenon” ...

... of Prussia in the Christmas tale “Meister Floh” from a Kantian perspective. The cardinal problem of the tale — shown in the “Hallegorisch und Jena-logisch” manner, as Hoffmann himself defined his style — is the problem of a constitutional system in Prussia. 1.Гарденберг Ф. фон (Новалис). Вера и любовь, или король и королева // Эстети­ка немецких романтиков. М., 1987. 2.Гофман Э. Т. А. Повелитель ...

This article focuses on the essence and features of concept operations. The author introduces the concepts of logical structure, logical and logical-cognitive form, and natural form of operations. The sources of mistakes in concept operation are identified and classified. 1. Бойко А. П. Логический анализ структуры классификации: дис. ... канд. фи­лос. наук. М., 1983. 2. Брюшинкин В. Н. Антропологические измерения логики // Вестник Россий­ско­го государственного университета им. И. Канта. Вып. 6...

This article analyses, first of all, the epistemological theory of reflection (Abbildtheorie) of Heinrich Rickert, the main representative of the Baden Neo-Kantianism School. The author analyses the key arguments put forward by Rickert against the understanding of cognition as a reflection of reality. Rickert’s standpoint is neutral. He criticises the transcendental theory of reflection, but does not reject the idea of reflection as a model of cognition and acknowledges the immanent theory of reflection...

This article analyses different definitions, types and tasks of Kant's anthropology: Is "moral" or "practical" anthropology identical to "pragmatic" anthropology? Does anthropology aim to answer the question about the vocation of a human being? To what extent is metaphilosophy present in the Anthropology? What is the 'fundamental' transcendental anthropology? The idea of an anthroponomy remains an unsolved puzzle. 1. Кант И. Антропология с прагматической точки зрения...

The article is devoted to the problem of identification of the Kant’s and Berkeley’s philosophical systems. The author considers reasons of the origin of Kant-Berkeley question and considers some versions of its completion. 1. Васильева М. Ю. Критика И. Кантом идеализма Дж. Беркли // Историко-фило­софский ...

1. Natorp P. Allegemeine Psychologie nach kritischer Methode. 1. Buch: Objekt und Methode der Psychologie. Tübingen, 1912. 2. Natorp P. Philosophische Systematik. Hamburg, 2000. 3. Natorp P. Platos Ideenlehre: Eine Einführung in den Idealismus. Hamburg, 2004. 4. Natorp P. Selbstdarstellung // Die deutsche Philosophie der Gegenwart in Selbstdar­stellungen / Hrsg. von P. Schmidt. 2. Aufl. Bd. 1. Leipzig, 1923. 5. Natorp P. Über der Ausgangspunkt der Philosophie // Japanisch-deutsche Zeitschrift für...

Alle drei Bedeutungen des Begriffs “Ding an sich” (Objekt, Subjekt und ihre Verbindung), sogar trotz ihrer direkten Gegensätzlichkeit, sind im philosophischen System Kants der Gegenstand der Hauptfrage der Philosophie. Kant ist der Neuerer sowie in der Fragestellung als auch in der Antwort. Diese Antwort ist agnostisch, aber nicht im empirischen oder wissenschaftlichen Sinne, sondern in der spezifisch philosophischen ...

This article constitutes the first block of a study into publications of Russian thinkers in Kant-Studien — the leading journal of international Kant studies and the main periodical of the international Kant's Society. The article offers an overview of Russian authors' publications in Kant-Studien in 1896—1933. 1. Архимандрит Антоний (Храповицкий). Моральное обоснование важнейшей христианской догмы» // Теологический журнал. 1894. № 3. С. 423—445. 2. Беседа с Хансом-Георгом Гадамером. Русские в...

... Philosophie. 28. Kraus O. Die Werttheorien. Geschichte und Kritik. Brün; Wien; Leipzig, 1937. 29. Lotze H. Mikrokosmos. Ideen zur Naturgeschichte und Geschichte der Mensch­heit. Versuch einer Anthropologie. 6. Auflage. 3 Bde. Leipzig, 1923. 30. Lotze H. System der Philosophie. I Theil. Logik. Leipzig, 1880. 31. Lotze H. Geschichte der deutschen Philosophie seit Kant. Leipzig, 1894. 32. Philosophisches Wörterbuch begründet von Heinrich Schmidt. Stuttgart: Alfred Krö­ners Verlag, 1957 (рус. пер....

... especially tackle Kant’s account of international political order. First, I claim that Kant attributes a systematic role to the cosmopolitan right, what justifies considering this part of the doctrine of law as a necessary rational conclusion of the legal system, although its institutional embodiment differs from that required by the rights of states. I highlight that according to Kant states may not behave as individual citizens do, since they do not recognize any higher authority than themselves. Second,...

... appeared Kant’s 1759 lecture advertisement leaflet entitled An Attempt at Some Reflections on Optimism. The study describes the requirements of the 1755 Berlin Academy of Sciences’ competition for a comparison of G. W. Leibniz’s and A. Pope’s systems and an assessment of optimism. Another focus is the philological difficulties of translating Pope’s proposition “Whatever is, is right” into the French language — which was part of the competition task. The author considers the ways the ...

... Случайность, ирония и солидарность / пер. с англ. И. Хестановой, Р. Хестанова. М., 1996. 9. Сафрански Р. Гофман / пер. с нем. В. Д. Балакина. М., 2005. 10. Nancy J.-L. Kant’s System of Pleasure // Pli. 1999. Vol. 8. P. 149—163. 11. Welsch W. Undoing Aesthetics. L., 1997.

... //Kant-Studien. 1974. N 65. S. 284—300. 50. Polikanova O. I., Naumenko I. A. Bibliographie Sowjetischer Untersuchungen zur Philosophie Kants (1917 bis 1971) // Kant-Studien. 1976. N 67. S. 253—267. 51. Rubinstein M. Die logischen Grundlagen des Hegelschen Systems und das Ende der Geschichte // Kant-Studien. 1906. N 11. S. 40—108. 52. Seebohm Thomas M. A. Gulyga. Kant // Kant-Studien. 1979. N 70. S. 234—236. 53. Staffa Ernst. A. S. Bogomolov (ed.) Kant i kantiancy // Kant-Studien. 1982. N 73.S. 374—375....

... modify the theory of knowledge into hermeneutics of life. 1. Cassirer E. Zur Logik des Symbolbegriffs (1938) // Cassirer E. Wesen und Wirkung des Symbolbegriffs. Darmstadt, 1976. S. 201—230. 2. Cassirer E. Das Symbolproblem und seine Stellung im System der Philosophie (1927) // Cassirer E. Symbol, Technik, Sprache: Aufsätze aus den Jahren 1927—1933.Hamburg, 1985. S. 1—39. 3. Cassirer E. Zur Theorie des Begriffs (1928) // Cassirer E. Erkenntnis, Begriff, Kultur.Hamburg, 1993. S. 155—165....

... chelovecheskom poznanii [An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding]. Essay XII, Part III // Jum D. Sochinenija [Hume D. Works]. In 2 volumes. Vol. 2. Мoscow. 5. Gödel, K. 1992, On Formally Undecidable Propositions of Principia Mathematica And Related Systems. Transl. by B. Meltzer. N. Y. 6. Hanna, R. 2001, Kant and the Foundations of Analytic Philosophy. Oxford. 7. Hanna, R. 2006, Kant, Science, and Human Nature. Oxford. 8. Hanna, R. 2015, Cognition, Content, and the a Priori: A Study in the Philosophy ...

Postulates play an important role in Kant’s philosophy. Kant’s understanding of this term differs from the previous tradition. For Kant, postulates are originally subjective propositions necessarily supposed as objective ones. Otherwise, the systematic theoretical cognition and compliance with the moral law become impossible. However, this feature of Kant’s word usage is hardly taken into consideration. That is why Kant is wrongly accused of atheism. 1. Аристотель. Вторая аналитика // Собр. соч...

The article broaches the issue of Kant’s claim of the enlightenment of the philosophizing subject by tracing his criticism of philosophical enthusiasm (“Schwärmerei”). For Kant intellectual intuition (“intellektuelle Anschauung”) serves in case of philosophical enthusiasm as a reason for the justification of philosophical knowledge. This determination is a threat for his project of enlightenment, because it entices the philosophizing subject to contradict the maxim of self-thinking. In order to show...

This article undertakes to prove that I. Kant's dualism underlay the artistic two-world system of E. T. A. Hoffmann, who opposed the philosophical monism of romanticists. Under the influence of Kant's aesthetics and philosophy of art, E. T. A. Hoffmann's works develop a tendency towards exceeding the limits of traditional stylistic forms,...

My article is devoted to one of the main concepts of early modern natural law, i. e. the concept of obligation. Starting with Pufendorf's concept of obligation, it will be demonstrated that the natural law is grounded on the will of God. In contrast, the concept of obligation in Christian Wolff's Philosophia practica universalis has no need to found the validity of obligation of natural law in God's will. Instead he developed a concept which was based on the idea of a free self-binding moral subject...

... Strakhov’s philosophical research lies in the fact that this re-search is hermeneutic (‘peripheral’, according to F. E. Shperk). It strives to grasp the meanings not in the framework of historical continuity as a creation of the ‘forefather of ensuing systems’, but as part of the open whole of Kant’s philosophy filled with the ‘questions without answers, doubts without solutions’ (from Strakhov’s letters to Fet). Strakhov considers Kant’s critique of pure rea¬son as a critique of thinking ...

... mira. Pod red. V. N. Brjushinkina [World Models. Ed. by V. N. Bryushinkin]. Kaliningrad. S. 109—118. 20. Sologubov, А. М. 2006, Sistemnaja model' argumentacii v prakticheskoj filosofii I. Kanta: Diss. na soisk. uch. step. kand. filos. nauk [The System Model of Argumentation Accordingto the Kant’s Practical Philosophy. Doctoral diss.]. Kaliningrad. 21. Khizanishvili, D. V. 2014, Osobennosti kognitivnogo podhoda k argumentacii: aspekty modelirovanija [Pecularities of the Cognitive Approach to ...

... be defined as the penetration and preservation of the direction variables of separation and association activities. This means that the preservation of direction variables is a distinctive feature representing a scheme of thinking and, therefore, a system of philosophy. Schemes of thinking are not determined by synthesis or removal, but rather by preservation. In conclusion, it is possible to state that, in Cohen’s critical idealism, this belongs to the basic structure of the pure activity, which ...

... Billigkeit relates to tacit intentions and dispositions that cannot be controlled from the outside. This supports the thesis about the difference between ethics and law and the need for a more accurate identification of the place of natural law in the system of practical philosophy. 1. Davydova, L., S. 1996, Immanuil Kant. Bibliograficheskij ukazatel literatury na russkom jazykie 1803—1994 gg. [Immanuel Kant. Bibliographic index of literature in Russian 1803—1994], Moscow. 2. Hinski, N. 2014,...

... Euclid’s genetic method is an important innovation introduced by Kant. This understanding is at the heart of modern mathematical formalism, intuitionism, and constructivism. Within Kant’s constructivism, mathematics can be described as a two-tier system, which suggests a “shift” from the level of concepts of the understanding to the level of sensual intuition, where mathematical acts are performed, followed by a subsequent return to the initial level. On this basis, the author develops a theory ...

The article analyses the leading concepts and provisions of Kant's philosophy of religion. The findings are based on a comparative analysis of the German philosopher’s major works on the philosophical doctrine of religion, namely Lectures on the philosophical doctrine of religion and Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. The authors trace both the evolution of Kant’s ideas on religion and the consistency and systematicity of changes in the philosopher’s views. The published Lectures confirm...

... divine and supersensible. Schopenhauer called such science ‘genuine criticism’ and the faculty of supersensible cognition a ‘better consciousness’. Fourthly, Schopenhauer’s alteration of Kant’s epistemology related to the need to com lete the system of ‘genuine criticism’, since the inclusion of a ‘better consciousness’ into a priori cognitive faculties justified its ‘metaphysical’ character. Fifthly, the first edition of Schopenhauer’s doctoral dissertation adhered to Kant’s ...

... [The answer of Prof. Vvedensky], Voprosi filosofii i psihologii [Questions of philosophy and psychology], Vol. 19, p. 105—109, Moscow. 17. Sezeman, V. S. 1911, Rationalnoe i irrationalnoev sisteme filosofii [The rational and the irrational in the system of philosophy], Logos [Logos], Vol. 1, p. 93—122, Moscow. 18. Sirotkina, L. S. 2015, Teoreticheskie komponenti obraza psihologii v russkoi logiko-filosofskoi misli kontsa 19 v. (v kontekste problem psilogizma russkoi logiki 19 v. — nachala ...

... Review, vol. 19 issue 2, Pp. 181—205. 10. Metz, W. 1991, Kategoriendeduktion und produktive Einbildungskraft in der theoretischen Philosophie Kants und Fichtes. Köln: frommann-holzboog, 11. Riehl, A. 1924, Der philosophiche Kritzismus. Geschichte und System. 3rd edition, Leipzig. 12. Tetens, J. N. 1777, Philosophische Versuche über die menschliche Natur und ihre Entwicklung. I. Band. (Leipzig). Hildesheim and New York: Olms, 1979. Erster Versuch, Nr. 2: Eine nöthige Nebenbetrachtung über die Begriffe ...

... Leibnitz G. V. 1982. Monadologiya [Monadology] In: Leibnitz G. V. Sochineniya v chetyrekh tomakh [Works in Four Volumes]. Vol. I. Moscow, p. 413—430. 20. Lopatin L. M. 1912. Spiritualizm, kak monisticheskaya sistema filosofii [Spiritualism as monistic system of philosophy], Voprosy filosofii i psikhologii [Problems of philosophy and psychology], no. V (115), p. 435—471. 21. Losskiy N. O. 2008. Vospominaniya. Zhizn i filosofskiy put [Memories. Life and philosophical way] Moscow, 400 p. 22. Losskiy ...

... anti-philosophical nature of 20th century philosophy of science necessitates addressing Kant’s theory of science when searching for a truly philosophical understanding of science, which can be only of metaphysical nature. The experience of building a system of transcendental metaphysics combined with mathematics and physics shows that philosophy of science is necessary for solving the most important problems of the humanity rather than analysing or synthesising scientific knowledge or development ...

... cognising and perceiving subject. Gadamer, a prominent 20th century philosopher, builds his aesthetic concept based on Kant’s theory. However, their theories differ in some aspects. This article is an attempt to establish the connection between the two systems. Special attention is paid to the fundamental differences between the theories and their common principles. Unlike Gadamer, Kant focuses on general aesthetic categories and aesthetic perception rather than artistic phenomena. Kant’s thesis about ...

... Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit. Law is a simple form of unity incorporating an idea of the play of powers, whereas power is a category that makes it possible to understand the supersensible as a realm of laws. This interpretation is inherent in the system of not only theoretical but also practical reason. Freedom is the ‘substance’ of human existence. The unity of freedom is an idea, whose unity is presented in the diversity of actions in the sensible world. A condition for cognising freedom ...

This essay concerns an unusual note of Kant’s that has been available in Hamburg since the 1920s but otherwise neglected in the Kant literature. This small 8 x 6.3 cm sheet belonged to the manuscript collector Oskar Ulex (1852—1934), who appears to have bought it from a dealer in France. Writing covers both sides of the sheet, with moral theology discussed on one side, and the cosmological proof on the other. A transcription and description of the sheet is provided, followedby a “Question & Answer”...

This article analyses the system of inferences used by Kant in Religion Within the Boundaries of Mere Reason to demonstrate the existence of evil disposition (Gesinnung). The author be¬lieves that, in this work, Kant introduces two innovations in respect of the fundamental project ...

... assumed that language had a priori roots and that it was energeia rather than ergon. The active theory of language (social communication) was further developed in the 20th century within the concept of language symbolism, namely, Ernst Cassirer’s system of symbolic forms. It suggests that communicative structures are independent from real facts, since they participate in the construction of these very objective facts. In the conclusion, the author examines several American theories of language ...

... Springer ; Dordrecht, 2006. 5. Cohen H. Kants Begründung der Ethik // Werke / hg. vom Hermann-Cohen-Archiv am Philosophischen Seminar der Universität Zürich unter der Leitung von Helmut Holzhey. Hildesheim ; Zürich ; N. Y., 2001. Bd. 2. 6. Cohen H. System der Philosophie. 2. Teil: Ethik des reinen Willens // Werke, zit. Hil¬desheim ; N. Y., 1981. Bd. 7. 7. Kant I. Briefwechsel. Akademie Ausgabe. Bd. 10, 11.

The legends about dinner parties of Immanuel Kant’s friends have been known since the times of his first biographers and other contemporaries. However, there were other communities of friends in Königsberg. Gathering friends at a dining table for the purpose of intellectual communication became a tradition in Königsberg in the 17th/18th centuries. This tradition created a sub-system of creative communication and leisure bringing together both nobility and aristocracy and ordinary curious citizens...

.... И. Одесский период жизни С. Л. Рубинштейна // Философско-психологическое наследие С. Л. Рубинштейна. М., 2011. С. 130—133. 35. Cohen H. Der Begriff der Religion im System der Philosophie. Giessen, 1915. — (Philosophische Arbeiten, Bd. 10, H. 1). 36. Cohen H. Die Religion der Vernunft aus den Quellen des Judentums. Leipzig ; Frankfurt a/M, 1919. 37. Cohen H. Religion der Vernunft aus den Quellen des Judentums....

... criticises traditional empiricism and develops a new perspective on experience and the bases of its certainty. The main target of his critique is ‘popular philosophy’, which appeals to common understanding; he seeks to defend it from the criticism of systemic knowledge in general and metaphysics in particular. In the argument between the advocates of the Leibniz-Wolff geometric philosophy and their opponents — enlighteners-eclecticists and pietists, Tetens manages to take a neutral position conducting ...

... methodology is presented in the analysis of the third antinomy of pure reason in “Chapter II: The antinomy of pure reason” of “Book II: Of the dialectical conclusions of pure reason” and that Kant based his solution to the antinomy on the whole system as a comprehensive philosophical theory 1. Калинников Л. А. Проблемы философии истории в системе Канта. Л., 1978. 2. Кант И. Критика чистого разума // И. Кант. Соч....

... Mensch, Lehrer und Forscher. Gedächtnisrede, gehalten in der Aula der Universität Marburg, 4. Juli 1918. Marburg, 1918a. — (Marburger Akademische Reden, Nr. 39). 59. Natorp P. Hermann Cohens philosophische Leistung unter dem Gesichtspunkte des Systems. Berlin, 1918b. — (Philosophische Vorträge, veröffentlicht von der Kant-Gesellschaft. Nr. 21). 60. Natorp P. Der Idealismus Pestalozzis. Leipzig, 1919. 61. Natorp P. Sozialidealismus. Neue Richtlinien sozialer Erziehung. Berlin, 1920. 62....

... Reasons, these lectures contain a number of explanations contributing to a better understanding of both Critiques. In particular, this holds true for the postulates of the existence of god and immortality of the soul and their role on Kant’s ethical system. 1. Кант И. Критика практического разума // Кант И. Собр. соч. : в 8 т. М., 1994а. Т. 4. 2. Кант И. Критика способности суждения // Там же. 1994б. Т. 5. 3....

... to Jungius, it is not traditional but mathematical logic — which he interprets inthe manner of constructivism — that should be the instrument of critique. Traditional logic is a reflective science and thus cannot serve as the basis for the whole system of knowledge. It itself requires reconstruction. On the contrary, I. Kant believes that traditional logic is a complete science, which acts as a basis for identifying pure concepts of the understanding. J. Jungius considers the question about the ...

... of Aphrodisias. On Aristotle’s Prior Analytics 1.1—7. L., 1991. 14. Barnes J. Logical Form and Logical Matter // Logica, Mente E Persona. Studi Sulla Filosofia Antica. Antonina, 1990. Р. 7—119. 15. Corcoran J. Aristotle's Natural Deduction System // Ancient logic and its modern interpretations. Dordrecht, Boston, 1974. Р. 85—132. 16. Dragalina-Chernaya E. Logical hylomorphism revisited // Philosophy, Mathematics, Linguistics: Aspects of Interaction 2014 (PhML-2014). St. Petersburg, ...

... Soggettività e autocoscienza. Prospettive storico-critiche / А cura di P. Palumbo, A. Le Moli. Milano, 2011. 25. Krouglov A. N. Tetens, Kant and Discussion on Metaphysics in Germany of the second half of the 18th century. M., 2008. 26. Leibniz G. W. A New System of the Nature and Communication of Substances, and of the Union of the Soul and Body // G. W. Leibniz: Philosophical Essays / Tr. and ed. by R. Ariew, D. Garber. Indianapolis, 1989. 27. Leibniz G. W. Principles of Nature and Grace, Based on Reason ...

... 1974. № 65. S. 284—300. 50. Polikanova O. I., Naumenko I. A. Bibliographie Sowjetischer Untersuchungen zur Philosophie Kants (1917 bis 1971) // Kant-Studien. 1976. № 67. S. 253—267. 51. Rubinstein M. Die logischen Grundlagen des Hegelschen Systems und das Ende der Geschichte // Kant-Studien. 1906. № 11. S. 40—108. 52. Seebohm Thomas M. A. Gulyga. Kant // Kant-Studien. 1979. № 70. S. 234—236. 53. Staffa Ernst. A. S. Bogomolov (ed.) Kant i kantiancy // Kant-Studien. 1982. № 73....