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... plays a crucial role for Kant’s moral psychology and his conception of the functions of critical practical philosophy. The main problem I see with Kant’s conception is that there are no theory-independent criteria to determine whether an exercise of rational capacities constitutes rationalising. Kant believes that rationalising is wide-spread and he charges the popular philosophers and other ethical theorists with rationalising. Yet, his opponents could, in turn, charge him with rationalising and ...

... question about the conditions that make actual experience possible: the ideal of holiness resides in reason, i. e. in the human being, but the dominance of radical evil over the human will puts it out of human reach either in thought or in practice. For rational thought it is more natural to imagine the practical reality of the archetype as the embodiment of the authentic man proceeding from God. Using the Gospel narrative about Jesus, Kant interprets the human nature of the archetype in the light of ...

This article suggests that rationality has to be treated as one of the basic categories of liberal philosophy. Together with freedom and equality, rationality lies at the anthropological core of liberalism, which makes it stand out among other political theories. The development ...

... Metaphysics of Morals. In: I. Kant, 1996. Practical Philosophy. Translated and edited by M. Gregor. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 363-602. Kant, I., 1996e. What Does It Mean to Orient Oneself in Thinking? In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Edited by A. W. Wood and G. di Giovanni. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 7-18. Kant, I., 1996f. Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. Translated by G. di Giovanni. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology....

... is interested in the Neo-Kantian aspiration to achieve a systematic unity of knowledge. The concept of one of the editors of the Russian version of the Logos international philosophical journal under¬goes a transformation from irrationality to the rationality of a higher order. The concept of irration¬ality is defined by the Russian thinker through the inexhaustible set of problems ‘ensuring’ eternal and continuous progress of objective cognition. According to Sesemann, the opposite of a rational,...

The international conference “Kantian Rationality in Philosophy of Science” was held on 9–11 October 2020 at the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University (IKBFU) in Kaliningrad. Fifteen participants from different countries discussed aspects of the Kantian understanding of science and ...

... I., 1992. The Jäsche Logic. In: I. Kant, 1992. Lectures on Logic. Translated and edited by J. Young. Cambrige: Cambridge University Press, pp. 521-641. Kant, I., 1996a. Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Translated and edited by A. W. Wood and G. di Giovanni. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 39-216. Kant, I., 1996b. The Conflict of the Faculties. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Translated and edited by A....

... author shows that it is determined by the ideal-realistic position of the thinker. “Intuitionistic” logic is presented as a philosophical interpretation of traditional logic in the framework of ideal-realistic teaching. N. O. Lossky relates the rationality of thinking to logic. The article reconstructs certain features of rationality in N. O. Lossky’s philosophical-logical concept. 1. Ермичев А. А., Никулин А. Г. А. И. Введенский и Н. О. Лосский: критицизм ...

This article analyses the axiological features of the phenomenon of rationality of acting in the framework of social-philosophical and cultural discourse. The author identifies the functions of philosophical education in the conditions of system crisis of modern civilization. Philosophical education is considered as a ...

This article analyses the formation of a new type of rationality in N. Lobachevsky's works. The author identifies the reasons for hostility against the new theory of outstanding Russian mathematicians and pays special attention to the development of rationality in Russian philosophical thought of the 19th ...

This article considers rationality of practical activity as one of the criteria of development of society. The author analyses the efficiency of education as a social institution in this context. Education distinguishes between training and upbringing and emphasises the need ...

This article considers the connection between the phenomenon of philosophical education and the problem of rationality in the framework of socialphilosophical discourse. The author examines the process of development of philosophical education institution as a means to transmit the basic values of classical European rationality. The role of philosophical education ...

... to have frozen in the Middle Ages. In contrast to Lübeck, the city of Hamburg is depicted as a large, contemporary, and dynamic city — in other words, as a modern type of idyll. Moreover, its orderliness goes beyond the idyll and is defined by the rational organisation of space, which is characterised by heterogeneity. Firstly, the idyllic subloci are distinguished, where the key role belongs to the demi-natural images of the garden, the park and the promenade. Secondly, the utilitarian-rational ...

Decision science is a relatively new discipline: the product of a cross-pollination among mathematics, psychology, economy and a few other branches of knowledge. It studies how humans make their choices and purports to provide a “rational framework for choosing be­tween alternative courses of action when the consequences resulting from this choice are im­perfectly known.” In and of itself decision science is a vast field of intersecting theories and methodologies that I will ...

... order to be able to address this third project, we shall also need to examine the other two projects in detail.) My plan is as follows. First, I discuss four main areas of pure vs. impure philosophy: (i) ‘pure logic’ vs. ‘applied logic’; (ii) ‘rational psychology’ vs. ‘empirical psychology’; (iii) ‘pure metaphysics of nature’ vs. ‘physics’ and (iv) ‘pure morality’ or a ‘metaphysics of morals’ vs. ‘moral anthropology’, ‘practical anthropology’ or ‘applied moral ...

... pp. 58-64. (In Rus.) Kudryavtsev-Platonov, V. D., 1854—1874. Analitika chuvstvennogo poznaniya. Analitika rassudochnogo poznaniya. Analitika umstvennogo poznaniya. Kurs lekcij 1854, 1856, 1874 gg. [The Analysis of Sensual Cognition. The Analysis of Rational Cognition. The Analysis of Mental Cognition. A Course of Lectures in 1854, 1856, 1874]. In: Russian State Library, Manuscript Department. F. 824, B. 4, № 3. (In Rus.) Kudryavtsev-Platonov, V. D., 1858. Iz istorii Novoj filosofii. Lekcii 1858 ...

... Grundgesetz. Kommentar. Volume 1: Texte, Art. 1-5. München: Beck. Gillessen, J., 2014. Was, wenn jeder ...? Freiburg i.Br. & München: Alber. Griffin, J., 2008. On Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Harsanyi, J., 1982. Morality and the Theory of Rational Behavior. In: A. Sen and B. Williams, eds. 1982. Utilitarianism and Beyond. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 39-62. Hegel, G. W. F., 1991. Elements of the Philosophy of Right. Edited by A. W. Wood, translated by H. B. Nisbet. Cambridge: ...

..., 2013. Neo-Kantianism in the Russian Philosophy of Law in the Second Half of the 19th and the First Half of the 20th Centuries. Dissertation for Doctor of Sciences in Law, Moscow State University, Moscow. (In Rus.) Gaidenko, P. P., 2003. Scientific Rationality and Philosophical Reason. Moscow: Progress-Traditsiya. (In Rus.) Gordin, J. I., 2016. Anthropodicy (Only Lecture). Published and commented by N. A. Dmitrieva with assistance by M. V. Vogman. RSUH Bulletin. Series: Philosophy. Sociology. Art ...

.... De Gruchy. Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press. Chernov, S. A. and Shevchenko, I. V., 2010. Fridrikh Yakobi: vera, chuvstvo, razum [Friedrich Jacobi: Faith, Sense, Reason]. Moscow: Progress-Traditsiya. (In Rus.) Crowe, B., 2023. Jacobi and Philosophy: Rationalism and Skepticism. In: A. J. B. Hampton, ed. 2023. Friedrich Jacobi and the End of the Enlightenment: Religion, Philosophy, and Reason at the Crux of Modernity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 9-33. Descartes, R., 1985. Discourse on ...

... understanding, which are directed towards the field of possible experience and provide a connection of cognition through reasons and consequences, as well as the regulative principles of reason, which form maxims of research, astronomy is a proper and rational natural science. The analysis of the case studies of astronomy shows that Kant uses the term transcendental within the framework of the “Transcendental Logic” of the Critique of Pure Reason to denote conditions that are constitutive for the ...

... Mathematics: What Theory of What Mathematics? In: C. J. Posy and O. Rechter, ed. 2020. Kant’s Philosophy of Mathematics; Volume I: The Critical Philosophy and Its Roots. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 85-102. Hogan D., 2009. Three Kinds of Rationalism and the Non-Spatiality of Things in Themselves. Journal of the History of Philosophy, 47(3), pp. 355-382. Hogan D., 2013. Metaphysical Motives of Kant’s Analytic — Synthetic Distinction. Journal of the History of Philosophy, 51(2), pp....

Kant’s turn to the subject has changed the epistemological conditions for theology. Four intellectual backgrounds of objections are examined: an Aristotelian and Thomistic teleological order of nature (1); Augustinianism based on original sin in which human agency is completely attributed to God’s grace (2); a Hegelian critique of the deontological conception of an “unconditional ought” which also puts Kant’s postulate of the existence of God into question (3); the combination in Radical Orthodoxy...

Kant’s natural philosophy in the Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science is heavily influenced by Newton’s Principia. However, a closer look makes it clear that Kant’s project has also been influenced by other thinkers. One of these thinkers is Leonard Euler. His work was of great influence for Kant, not only with regards to his view on space and inertia but on the relation between metaphysics and natural science in general. Even though Euler’s Physics built on Newton’s work, he differs from...

Carl Arnold Wilmans received his degree of doctor in philosophy in Halle in 1797 for a bold thesis. He claimed a latent similarity between Kant’s enlightened philosophy of religion and the pure mysticism of some so-called separatists — and sent his work to Kant. The fact that and how the latter re­acted to it, makes the matter all the more interesting. Could Kant have been a secret mystic? The following study attempts to give a differ­entiated presentation of Kant’s intellectual relationship with...

... Spinoza’s thought that make every heteronomous interpretation of his practical philosophy extremely unlikely. These are i) identification of moral value in the quality of an agent’s law-oriented motivation, ii) distinction between human nature as rational and affective, ascribing different sets of laws to each, iii) endowment of reason with moral content, iv) recognition of the non-subjective notion of goodness. Added to this is my discussion of freedom and necessity in Kant and Spinoza in which ...

This paper explores the new frontier within Kantian scholarship which suggests that Kant places so much special importance on the value of rational nature that the supreme principle of morality and the concept of human dignity are both grounded on it. Advocates of this reading argue that the notion of autonomy and dignity should now be considered as the central claim of Kant’s ethics, ...

... Using the tools of criticism, the Russian philosopher identified the metaphysical origins in scientific knowledge in order to eliminate them, although preserving the particular critical field of metaphysics dealing with issues transcending the available rational knowledge. Such an approach to the role of metaphysics, as well as demarcation of the border between philosophy and psychology amid the need for coherent knowledge provoked sharp criticism. The author describes Vvednesky’s position, which can ...

“Lectures on Poelitz’s philosophical theory of religion” are one of the four surviving manuscripts of Kant’s lectures on rational theology. The Lectures include an introduction, two parts, and an appendix. The introduction contains an overview of the basic questions and problems of rational theology, namely: the concept of theology, arts of natural theology, the idea of ...

... reason; the content of "political justice" can be an object of construction; construction presupposes the use of practical rather than pure reason; moral philosophy requires a complex concept of a person; the function of moral philosophy is the rational defense of reasonable faith. The main differences between Kant’s and Rawls’s include the understanding of practical reason; the concept of a person based on fundamental ideas originating from different sources (political culture in Rawls’s ...

This paper sets out to examine professional universality as an intrinsic essential characteristic of a linguist, a thorough consideration of which provides a rationale of the expedience and necessity of the importance of professional universality for promoting a better competitiveness and professional development in contemporary system of professional education. 1.  Ермолаева М.   В. Субъектный подход в психологии развития взрослого человека (вопросы и ответы): учебное пособие. М.; Воронеж, 2006...

This article considers the conflicting conditions of growth of rationality in the modern Russian society, identifies threats relating to the key trends in world community development, Russian science and education, and personality transformations. 1. Андреев А. Л. Общество и образование: ...

... capital // Handbook of Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education. N. Y., 1986. P. 241—258. 4. Coleman J. Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital // American Journal of Sociology. 1988. Supplement. Vol. 94. P. 95—120. 5. Coleman J. Rational Action, Social Networks and the Emergence of Norms // Structures of Power and Constraint. N. Y., 1990. P. 91—112. 6. Davern M. Social Networks and Economic Sociology: A Proposed Research Agenda for a More Complete Social Science // American ...

This article considers the issues of trust in banks in terms of the rationality of clients’ behavior and behavioural economy. The author’s empirical study of 370 owners of small and microfirms located in the Warmian-Masurian voivodeship suggests that approximately 69 % of the respondents prefer the services of Polish ...

This article addresses the issues of rational resource management as the priority areas of modern Russian public policy. The study focuses on vital resources and the identification and optimization of losses associated with such resources. The authors propose a system of indicators for assessing ...

This article analyses the features of the modern Russian society from the perspective of synergetic concept of social development. The author maintains that the type of rationality formed by synergetics can become the basis for practical activities in the 21st century Russia thus contributing to the solutions to acute socioeconomic problems. 1. Гэлбрейт Д. Новое индустриальное общество....

... fundamental reorganization and further development at the contemporary scientific and technical level, since groundwater resource management is impossible without a quantitative forecast of groundwater condition and properties.From the perspective of rational Nature management, the leading ecological function of underground hydrosphere is carried out by fresh underground waters. Rational Nature management underlies the sustainable development of the Northwest region, which is economically viable for ...

This research is devoted to the study of efficacious translation strategies in the process of game localization. It discusses the means of linguistic localization of videogames in terms of cultural linguistic approach. The attention is paid to the analysis of the methods and grounds for choosing certain translation strategies so as to adapt the in-game realia fand terms for the target gaming community. The research is based on the materials of the role-playing computer game (RPG) Disco Elysium and...

... hypothesis is that the semantic adaptation of borrowings is determined by the types of cognitive categorization employed. Two types of categorization are described: logical categorization and non-logical categorization. Logical categorization involves the rational structuring of phenomena within a native speaker’s worldview, while non-logical categorization reflects an emotional-evaluative perception of reality, expressing various emotions through borrowings. The research draws on several sources, including ...

... [Collected works: in 10 volumes]. Vol. 4. Moscow, pp. 5—199 (in Russ.). Ramsey, F. P., 2003. General propositions and causality. In: F. P. Ramsey, ed. Filosofskie raboty [Philosophical works]. Tomsk, pp. 183—204 (in Russ.). Saimon, G. A., 1993. Rationality as a process and product of thinking. In: THESIS , 3. Moscow, pp. 16—38 (in Russ.). Shalack, V. I., 2022. On the origins of logical pluralism. Filosofskii zhurnal [Philo­sophy Journal], 15, 4, pp. 88—97, https://doi.org/10.21146/2072-0726-2022-15-4-88-97 ...

... “Travel Letters from England, Germany and France” by N. I. Gretch. Dva veka russkoi klassiki [Two centuries of Russian classics], 5 (3), pp. 24—59, https://doi.org/10.22455/2686-7494-2023-5-3-24-59 (in Russ.). Zhdanov, S. S., 2023. Idyll, history, rationality: city images in “Real journey to Germany in 1835” by Nikolay Gretsch. Slovo.ru: Baltic accent, 14 (1), рp. 8—28, https://doi.org/10.5922/2225-5346-2023-1-1 (in Russ.).

... models: New perspec­ti­ves in a Peircean key. Biosemiotics , 13, pp. 179—197, https://doi.org/10.1007/ s12304-020-09385-w. Porus, V. N., 2008. Between philosophy and history of science: on the way to the "flexible" theory of scientific rationality. In: I. Lakatos, ed. Izbrannye proizvedeniya po filosofii i metodologii nauki [Selected works on philosophy and methodology of sci­ence]. Moscow, pp. 9—24 (in Russ.). Sharov, A. and Tønnessen, M., 2021. Semiotic agency . Springer International ...

... universiteta [Sign Systems Studies. 5. Sci­entific letters of The University of Tartu.], 266. Tartu, pp. 334—344 (in Russ.). Saussure, F. de, 1997. Trudy po yazykoznaniyu [Cours de linguistique Générale]. Moscow (in Russ.). Searle, J. R., 1993. Rationality and Realism, What Is at Stake? Daedalus , 122 (4), pp. 55—83. Zimmerling, A. V., 2023. Really: syntactics without semiotics? Slovo.ru: Baltic ac­cent , 14 (3), pp. 125—153, https://doi.org/ 10.5922/2225-5346-2023-3-9 (in Russ.). Zolyan,...

In this paper, which is largely personal and retrospective, the author shares his memories of his encounters with the works of Yuri Lotman and takes the opportunity for a reconside­ration of his semiotics as a specific reflection on the history of Russia. Beginning with me­mories of the first encounter with Lotman's work more than thirty years ago in Korea, the author describes his experiences studying Lotman in Russia under the ...

....). Entsiklika «Svet very» — Lumen Fidei [Encyclical Letter Lumen fidei], 2013. Avai­lable at: https://papst.pro/ru/1349 [Accessed 20 September 2021] (in Russ.). Esaulov, I. A., 2009. The Easter Archetype of Russian Literature as a Genre Gene­ration Factor. In: Dergachevskie chteniya — 2008. Russkaya literatura: natsional'noe razvi­tie i regional'nye osobennosti. Problema zhanrovykh nominatsii [Dergachev Readings — 2008. Russian Literature: National Development and Regional Peculiarities....

Based on a review of the literature on ethnography produced by translation scholars over the past twenty years, this contribution explores how translation studies [TS] has appropriat­ed this concept, first as a way to solve translation problems (with Eugene Nida), then as an object (within the cultural turn) and more recently as a research methodology to document and analyze translation and interpreting events in context. The author shows how, in the early seventies, both cultural anthropology and...

The author considers the evolution of the concept “people” in the political philosophy of Thomas Hobbes, Samuel Pufendorf and Benedict Spinoza. The political thought of Europe in the 17th century demonstrates a conscious turn from the medieval scholastic tradition of thinking about people and power. Politics begins to be thought of as a complex of human ac­tions aimed at achieving certain human goals. This, in turn, leads to the rationalisation of politics and, as a consequence, to the rejection...