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This article suggests that rationality has to be treated as one of the basic categories of liberal philosophy. Together with freedom and equality, rationality lies at the anthropological core of liberalism, which makes it stand out among other political theories. The development of the main models of rationality relied upon by various liberal theories is reviewed. 1. Вебер М. О некоторых категориях понимающей социологии // Избранные произведения. М., 1990. 2. Кант И. Метафизика ...

... Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 55-215. Kant, I., 1996g. The Conflict of Faculties. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Edited by A. W. Wood and G. di Giovanni. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 233-327. Kant, I., 1998.... ... Philosophical Pragmatism. Wien: LIT, pp. 45-62. Nagl-Docekal, H., 2014a. Learning to Listen or Why Morality Calls for Liberal Politics. In: G. Fløistad, ed. 2014. Ethics or Moral Philosophy: Dordrecht: Springer, pp. 109-130. Nagl-Docekal, H., 2014b. Innere ...

... of moral philosophy is the rational defense of reasonable faith. The main differences between Kant’s and Rawls’s include the understanding of practical reason; the concept of a person based on fundamental ideas originating from different sources (political culture in Rawls’s works and transcendental idealism in Kant’s); the understanding of rational faith. 1. Кант И. Основы метафизики нравственности. URL: www.royallib.com/book/ kant_i/osnovi_metafiziki_nravstvennosti. html (дата обращения: 10.04.2015a). 2. Кант И. Ответ на вопрос: ...

This paper argues whether Kant’s cosmopolitanism entails a specific theory of coercion. I will especially tackle Kant’s account of international political order. First, I claim that Kant attributes a systematic role to the cosmopolitan right, what justifies considering this part of the doctrine of law as a necessary rational conclusion of the legal system, although its institutional embodiment differs from that required by the rights of states. I highlight that according to Kant states may not behave as individual citizens do, since they do not recognize any higher ...

The author considers the evolution of the concept “people” in the political philosophy of Thomas Hobbes, Samuel Pufendorf and Benedict Spinoza. The political thought of Europe in the 17th century demonstrates a conscious turn from the medieval scholastic tradition of thinking about people and power. Politics begins ...

... 366-375. Taylor, R. S., 2010. Kant’s Political Religion: The Transparency of Perpetual Peace and the Highest Good. Review of Politics, 72(1), pp. 1-24. Van Fraasen, B., 1984. Belief and the Will. Journal of Philosophy, 81(5), pp. 235-256. Van Inwagen,... ... Anyone, to Believe Anything upon Insufficient Evidence. In: J. Jordan and D. L. Howard-Snyder, eds. 1996. Faith, Freedom and Rationality. Lanham and London: Rowman & Littlefield, pp. 137-153. Ward, K., 1972. The Development of Kant’s View of Ethics....

... Substance and Thought. New York: Oxford University Press. Nadler, S., 2014. The Lives of Others: Spinoza on Benevolence and Rational Virtue. In: M. J. Kisner, A. Youpa, eds. Essays on Spinoza’s Ethical Theory. New York: Oxford University Press, pp.... ... Theological-Political Treatise. Translated by J. Israel, M. Silverthorne. New York: Cambridge University Press. Spinoza, B., 2007b. A Political Treatise. In: B. Spinoza, 2007. A Theologico-Political Treatise, and A Political Treatise. Translated by B. R. H. Elwes....

... explores the new frontier within Kantian scholarship which suggests that Kant places so much special importance on the value of rational nature that the supreme principle of morality and the concept of human dignity are both grounded on it. Advocates of ... ... Philosophy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Bayefsky, R., 2013. Dignity, Honour, and Human Rights: Kant’s Perspective. Political Theory, 41(6), pp. 809-837. Beck, G., 2006. Immanuel Kant’s Theory of Rights. Ratio Juris, 19(4), pp. 371-401. Brandt,...

... starting point of my study is Kant’s remark to the effect that Garve in his treatise on the connection between morality and politics presents arguments in defence of unjust principles. Recognition of these principles is, according to Kant, an inadvisable ... ... attempt to combine in one concept the lessons of historical experience with the ideas drawn from British empiricism and German rationalism. These ideas were criticised by Kant in his “critical” period. There is a consensus among researchers that Garve ...

... Imi­tation: From Neuroscience to Social Science / S. Hurley, N. Chater (eds.). Cambridge, MA. Vol. 1, pp. 79—93. Heap, Sh. H., 1989. Rationality in Economics. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. Holquist, M., 2002. Dialogism: Bakhtin and His World. Vol. 2. London: Routledge.... ... Héloïse: Lettres de deux amans, Habitans d'une petite ville au pied des Alpes. Amsterdam: Marc-Michel Rey. Schmitt, C., 2005. Political Theology: Four Chapters on the Concept of Sovereignity. Chi­cago: University of Chicago Press. Simons, H., 1990. Invariants ...

... Grundgesetz. Kommentar. Volume 1: Texte, Art. 1-5. München: Beck. Gillessen, J., 2014. Was, wenn jeder ...? Freiburg i.Br. & München: Alber. Griffin, J., 2008. On Human Rights. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Harsanyi, J., 1982. Morality and the Theory of Rational Behavior. In: A. Sen and B. Williams, eds. 1982. Utilitarianism and Beyond. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 39-62. Hegel, G. W. F., 1991. Elements of the Philosophy of Right. Edited by A. W. Wood, translated by H. B. Nisbet. Cambridge: ...

... Centuries. Dissertation for Doctor of Sciences in Law, Moscow State University, Moscow. (In Rus.) Gaidenko, P. P., 2003. Scientific Rationality and Philosophical Reason. Moscow: Progress-Traditsiya. (In Rus.) Gordin, J. I., 2016. Anthropodicy (Only Lecture).... ... Kurhinen, P., 2015. Human Dignity, Ethical Socialism and Soviet Ethics. Tomsk State University Journal of Philosophy, Sociology and Political Science, 2(30), pp. 107-119. https://doi.org/10.17223/1998863X/30/12 (In Rus.) Makhlin, V. L., 2010. Bakhtin and Neo-Kantianism ...

... understanding, which are directed towards the field of possible experience and provide a connection of cognition through reasons and consequences, as well as the regulative principles of reason, which form maxims of research, astronomy is a proper and rational natural science. The analysis of the case studies of astronomy shows that Kant uses the term transcendental within the framework of the “Transcendental Logic” of the Critique of Pure Reason to denote conditions that are constitutive for the ...

... Offenbarungsglauben und praktischem Vernunftglauben. In: G. Essen and M. Striet, eds. 2005. Kant und die Theologie. Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft, pp. 251-274. O’Donovan, О. and Lockwood O’Donovan, J., 2004. The Bonds of Imperfection, Christian Politics, Past and Present. Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans. Pröpper, T., 1991. Erlösungsglaube und Freiheitsgeschichte. Eine Skizze zur Soteriologie. Third Edition. München: Kösel. Pröpper, T., 2011. Theologische Anthropologie. Volume 2. Freiburg: Herder....

... University Press, pp. 217-231. Kant, I., 2001b. Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. In: I. Kant, 2001. Religion and Rational Theology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 39-215. Kant, I., 2002. On a Recently Prominent Tone of Superiority ... .... Kant, 2002. Theoretical Philosophy after 1781. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 425-445. Lahat, G.М., 2013. The Political Implications of Kant’s Theory of Knowledge: Rethinking Progress. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Meadows, D. H., ...

“Lectures on Poelitz’s philosophical theory of religion” are one of the four surviving manuscripts of Kant’s lectures on rational theology. The Lectures include an introduction, two parts, and an appendix. The introduction contains an overview of the basic questions and problems of rational theology, namely: the concept of theology, arts of natural theology, the idea of ...

... Alter C., Hage J. Organizations working together. Newbury Park, 1993. 2. Benson K. J. The Interorganizational Network as a Political Economy // Administrative Science Quarterly. 1975. Vol. 20, № 2. P. 229—249. 3. Bourdieu P. The forms of capital ... ... Capital in the Creation of Human Capital // American Journal of Sociology. 1988. Supplement. Vol. 94. P. 95—120. 5. Coleman J. Rational Action, Social Networks and the Emergence of Norms // Structures of Power and Constraint. N. Y., 1990. P. 91—112. ...

... fairy tale]. Leningrad (in Russ.). Sladkevich, Zh., 2018. I will not say anything, but again I will say something: the aber­ration content of public discourse from the perspective of meaning generation (ca­tegories of meaningfulness and meaninglessness).... ... dictionary of the Russian language]. Moscow (in Russ.). Shejgal, Ye. I., 2004. Semiotika politicheskogo duskursa [Semiotics of political disco­ur­se]. Moscow (in Russ.). Yarceva, V. N., 2002. Lingvisticheskij enciklopedicheskij slovar’ [Linguistic Encyclope­dic ...

... freedom, and history and social progress bear strong similarity to Kant’s views. However, the observed differences are indicative not only of Condorcet having overcome the prejudices of his time, but also of that his version of social, ethical, and political philosophy is alternative to Kant's theory of practical reason, as well as the philosophy of history of the Enlightenment and German rationalism. 1. Althusser, L. 2006, Politique et histoire de Machiavel à Marx, Paris, Seuil. 2. Binoche, B. 2013, Nouvelles lectures du Tableau historique de Condorcet, Paris, Hermann. 3. Boczko, B. 1982, Une éducation pour la démocratie: ...

... of autonomy, ability of self-determination through moral law); on the other hand, the notion of “life plan”, emphasizing rationality of human interests and actions and opening a possibility for happiness, connects Rawls’ theory to Aristotle’s ... ... 24—32. 6. Oliveira N. de. Rawls' Normative Conception of the Person // Veritas. 2007. № 52 (1).P. 171—183. 7. Lewellen T. Political Anthropology: An Introduction. Praeger, 2003. 8. Easton D. Political Anthropology // Biennial Review of Anthropology....

... of autonomy, ability of self-determination through moral law); on the other hand, the notion of “life plan”, emphasizing rationality of human interests and actions and opening a possibility for happiness, connects Rawls’ theory to Aristotle’s ... ... 24—32. 7. de Oliveira N. Rawls' Normative Conception of the Person // Veritas. 2007. № 52 (1). P. 171—183. 8. Lewellen T. Political Anthropology: An Introduction. Praeger, 2003. 9. Easton D. Political Anthropology // Biennial Review of Anthropology....

..., on the one hand, very stable and based on ingrained stereotypes of perception. On the other hand, this image depended on the political situation. The image of Russia created by Abbé de Pradt turned out to be very elastic, mobile, dependent on the political conjuncture. Abbé de Pradt never had any sympathy for Russia and created openly anti — Russian pamphlets. However, at the time when France was looking for an ally and saw Russia as such, rational Pradt diametrically changed his own position. At the same time, the optics of superiority, characteristic of post-­Napoleonic France, and the view of Russia as a power was never strong as it looked, remained an invariable feature of his works....

... Studies , 5, pp. 19—42, https://doi.org/10.17976/jpps/2019.05.03 (in Russ.). Gaman-Golutvina, O. V., 2020. Modern comparative political science before the challenges of development. Perspektivy. Elektronnyi zhurnal [Perspectives and pro­spects. E-journal],... .... Porus, V. N., 2008. Between philosophy and history of science: on the way to the "flexible" theory of scientific rationality. In: I. Lakatos, ed. Izbrannye proizvedeniya po filosofii i metodologii nauki [Selected works on philosophy and ...

... but also proved to be the source of global problems. The report characterises the philosophy of the Enlightenment as lop-sided rationalism which dismisses everything that does not possess desirable properties. In exchange, the authors offer a philosophy ... ... first examine the relationship between duty and human inclinations in Kant’s ethics. I then demonstrate that the topic of political forecasts and the recommendations which Kant prescribes both in his philosophy of history and in his reflections on ...

....). 2008, Prognozirovanie budushhego: novaja paradigma [Forecasting the Future: A New Paradigm], Мoscow, Economica. 11. Studenetsky, S. A. 1979, Racional'noe i jeffektivnoe ispol'zovanie okeanicheskih bioresursov kak narodnohozjajstvennaja zadacha [Rational and efficient use of ocean biological resources as economic problems], Мoscow, Nauka. 12. Konovalov, A. 2010, Transportation Network in the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation. In: Zagorsky, A. V. (ed.), The Arctic: A Space of Cooperation ...

... Rus.) Sensen, O., 2012. The Role of Feelings in Kant’s Moral Philosophy. Studi Kantiani, 25, pp. 45-58. Shamis, D. A., 2015. Moral Feeling as Foundation of Knowledge in the Field of Morality. Tomsk State University Journal. Philosophy. Sociology. Political Science, 4, pp. 230-239. (In Rus.) Shaftesbury, A. A. C., 1977. An Inquiry Concerning Virtue, or Merit. Edited by D. Walford. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Tilley, J., 2012. Exciting Reasons and Moral Rationalism in Hutcheson’s Illustrations upon the Moral Sense. Journal of the History of Philosophy, 50(1), pp. 53-83. Walschots, M., 2017. Hutcheson and Kant: Moral Sense and Moral Feeling. In: C.W. Surprenant and E. Robinson, eds. 2017. Kant and the ...

... Humanismus. Eine Ethik für das Zeitalter der Künstlichen Intelligenz. München: Piper. Nida-Rümelin, J., 2019. Structural Rationality and Other Essays on Practical Reason. Berlin, Dordrecht, Heidelberg & New York: Springer. Putnam, H., 1981. Brains ... ... Ethics. Salzburg & Munich: Ecowin Verlag, pp. 88-117. Sudmann, A., 2019. The Democratization of Artificial Intelligence. Net Politics in the Era of Learning Algorithms. In: A. Sudmann, ed. 2019. The Democratization of Artificial Intelligence. Net Politics ...

The author analyses the Enlightenment's principle of justifying lie from altruistic motives, which was criticised by Kant in the article "On a supposed right..." The article considers the advantages and disadvantages of arguments drawn in Kant's work. The author proves and specifies the admissibility of lie due to ethical and legal principles put forward by Kant in other publications and lectures, namely: need for self-defence and internal legal duty to humanity (categorical imperative)...

... justice proposed by the American philosopher John Rawls as universal principles that would be chosen by every reasonable and rational person in an ‘original position’. The work analyses the problematic aspects of the principle’s formulation (the ... ... [Justice as contract (critical analysis of the John Rawls’ theory of justice)], in: Problemy politicheskoi filosofii [Issues of political philosophy]. Moscow. S. 69—85. 2. Kuzmina, A. B. 1998, Ideya spravedlivosti v liberal’noi tradicii [Idea of justice ...

My article is devoted to one of the main concepts of early modern natural law, i. e. the concept of obligation. Starting with Pufendorf's concept of obligation, it will be demonstrated that the natural law is grounded on the will of God. In contrast, the concept of obligation in Christian Wolff's Philosophia practica universalis has no need to found the validity of obligation of natural law in God's will. Instead he developed a concept which was based on the idea of a free self-binding moral subject...

Kant scholars have rarely addressed the notion of optimism as it was interpreted by the Königsbergian philosopher in the mid-18th century. The notion originates from Leibniz’s Theodi­cy and from debates over whether the actual world is the best of all possible worlds. The first of a two-part series, this article studies the historical context in which appeared Kant’s 1759 lecture advertisement leaflet entitled An Attempt at Some Reflections on Optimism. The study describes the requirements of the...

... not a creator of these values per se. Value became the basis of Alexeev’s philosophy of law. Furthermore he elaborated axiological model of law onto religious foundation. Religion — is a tool for initiating condition of values and there setting in political domain. Paper argued how religion conducts genesis of law. In that sense religion evaluated like a link between morality and law. Essential item of philosophy of law of Nikolay Alexeev — is a superiority of Christianity in the midst of couple ...

... Affairs. Vol. 36, № 4 (Fall, 2008). Р. 375—404. 9. Insole, Ch. Two Conceptions of Liberalism. Theology, Creation, and Politics in the Thought of Immanuel Kant and Edmund Burke // The Journal of Religious Ethics. Vol. 36, № 3, Sep. 2008. 10. Louden,... ... Human Being: Essays on His Theory of Human Nature. Oxford University Press, 2011. 11. Louden, R. Kant's Impure Ethics. From Rational Beings to Human Beings. Oxford University Press, 2000. 12. Seebom, Th. Kant’s Theory of Revolution // Social Research....