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This article describes differences and contradictions in identifying the subject of Kaliningrad regional history. Some researchers and media interpret the term ‘Kaliningrad regional history’ as the history of the region per se and others as the whole scope of local history. The ‘History of West Russia: The Kaliningrad Region’, a secondary school discipline taught since 2006, presents an interesting case. The subject of the Kaliningrad regional history has no single definition since it is a matter...

Kant’s turn to the subject has changed the epistemological conditions for theology. Four intellectual backgrounds of objections are examined: an Aristotelian and Thomistic teleological order of nature (1); Augustinianism based on original sin in which human agency is completely attributed to God’s grace (2); a Hegelian critique of the deontological conception of an “unconditional ought” which also puts Kant’s postulate of the existence of God into question (3); the combination ...

My task is to demonstrate substantial differences in the views of Kant and Heidegger on being. To this end I analyse Heidegger’s work Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics which Heidegger was writing intermittently during the period from 1927 to 1964. It deals not only with the ideas of the Critique of Pure Reason but also with Kant’s pre-critical work, The Only Possible Argument in Support of a Demonstration of the Existence of God (1763), in which Kant explicitly addressed the question of being for...

The problem of rationality today means the problem of the inner unreasonableness of reasonableness in the sense of its inner limit. Even the humanistic revolution of the Renaissance gradually led to the replacement of the power of omnipotent faith by faith in the omnipotence of power. It is this general orientation towards power and the cult of power, this new belief in power, that revealed itself more and more sharply in the course of European history and eventually led to extreme forms of expression...

November 15—16, 2018 Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, Kaliningrad, Russia The Academia Kantiana at the Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University organizes a series of conferences on the theme of “Immanuel Kant and Russian Philo­sophers: Convergences and Divergences.” The first conference, co-organized with the Department of the History of Russian Philosophy, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, is devoted to the reception and criticism of the philosophy of Immanuel...

Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird am Material des Kantischen Textes ein Versuch unternommen, zu zeigen, dass die 2- und 3-gliedrigen logischen Strukturen — nach Kant Verstand- und Vernunftschlüsse — logische komplexe propositionale Einheiten (Gebilde) sind, deren manchmal zahlreiche sekundäre Propositionen, d. h. die nach Kant keine Sätze sind, sich um den logisch-strukturellen Kern dieser Schlüsse gruppieren, so dass sie eigentlich als Formen der Textualität des Kantischen Diskurses überhaupt angesehen...

This paper argues whether Kant’s cosmopolitanism entails a specific theory of coercion. I will especially tackle Kant’s account of international political order. First, I claim that Kant attributes a systematic role to the cosmopolitan right, what justifies considering this part of the doctrine of law as a necessary rational conclusion of the legal system, although its institutional embodiment differs from that required by the rights of states. I highlight that according to Kant states may not behave...

This article focuses on the question of what “progress in knowledge” (Fortschritt im Wissen) since the Enlightenment could mean. The answer is rooted in a shift in perspective in our understanding of the Enlightenment, and in an awareness of the gnoseotope at the center of this perspectival shift. Given the fact that human knowledge has always been considered li­mited, the axiom called gnoseotope (from Greek gnōsis: cognition, know­ledge and topos: place, area, field) can be defined as the area of...

According to Kant, “right in a state of nature is called private right” (MS, AA VI, S. 242). It is my claim that there is no room for a right to enforce the offer of benefits in the private right. Firstly, I will show how the concept of an innate right to freedom provides no conceptual foundation for a right to enforcement of alleged duties of cooperation. Since my argument is much more conceptual than hermeneutical, Isaiah Berlin’s analysis of negative liberty in “Two Concepts of Liberty” will be...

This article focuses on the analysis of the problem of evil in Kant’s works. The author attempts at reconstructing the key stages of Kant’s logic of ethics and, on this basis, reconstructs his idea of evil. Of special importance is the analysis and criticism of the anthropology-focused study of the sources of good and evil in the work Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. The author sees the key to understanding Kant’s approach to the problem of evil in the differentiation of the levels...

This article considers the practice of justification of arbitrary use of force, which poses a paradox and was not foreseen in Kant’s peace project. It is paradoxical because modern international law — unlike classical law — is aimed not at regulating wars but maintaining peace. However, the UN Charter provides for the right to self-defence before the collective resolution is adopted. Despite rather strict legal restrictions and international court procedures, cases of abuse of this right occur on...

“Lectures on Poelitz’s philosophical theory of religion” are one of the four surviving manuscripts of Kant’s lectures on rational theology. The Lectures include an introduction, two parts, and an appendix. The introduction contains an overview of the basic questions and problems of rational theology, namely: the concept of theology, arts of natural theology, the idea of highest essence, possible types of arguments for the existent of God and their limitations etc. The first part is called “Transcendental...

... исследования модальной и интенсиональной логики. М., 1982. С. 12—22. 9. Allen R. E. The Ontological Argument // The Philosophical Review. 1961. Vol. 70, № 1. P. 56—66. 10. Carter W. R. Omnipotence and Sin // Analysis. 1982. Vol. 42, № 2. P. 102—105. 11. Malcolm N. Anselm’s Ontological Argument // The Philosophical Review. 1960. Vol. 69, № 1. P. 41—62. 12. Pike N. Omnipotence and God’s Ability to Sin // American Philosophical Quarterly....

In modern science, metaphor is associated with human thinking. It is an important research issue in psycholinguistics and cognitive science. The anal­ysis of the formation of a conceptual metaphor is relevant since it is a phenom­enon associated with cognitive and conceptual processes; it reflects the inter­dependence of the individual's thinking and the peculiarities of the language representation of certain concepts. Understanding the process of information transfer through conceptual metaphors...

The author analyses the works of singer songwriters, i. e. lyrics of bard songs and rock poetry, from the point of view of their plot and their place in the typology of texts. The author identifies a discrepancy between the principles of building the plot of songs and the methods of creating the poetic model of the world in the central and peripheral areas of this type of songs. This internal asymmetry of the analysed context is associated with the borderline position of the songs in literature....

The author analyses the reception of works and academic ideas of a re­nowned Soviet historian Boris Porshnev (1905—1972) in foreign historiog­raphy. The research shows that the historian failed to repeat the success of his monograph (1948) on popular uprisings in France before the Fronde, which was well received abroad and provoked long-standing dispute among the his­torians. Other works of Porshnev evoked a much more moderate reaction from foreign colleagues. The paper outlines the main objections...

In this article, I consider the legal aspects of the EU policy on the integration of immigrants into the host society. The current EU basic law does not give the Union the power to issue legislative acts aimed at harmonizing national rules for the integration of immigrants. However, in the aftermath of the migrant crisis in Europe, this problem has been receiving increased attention. I systematize legal instruments for immigrant integration, analyse the conditions of the system formation, emphasize...

... Chicago, 2005. 13.  Buchanan J., Tullock G. The Calculus of Consent // Collected works of James M. Buchanan. Indianapolis, 1999. Vol. 3. 14.  Gauthier D. Morals by Agreement. Clarendon Press, 1986. 15.  Hughes A., Rev V. Ancestral Versus Original Sin: An Overview with Implications for Psychotherapy. URL: http://www.stmaryorthodoxchurch.org/orthodoxy/ articles/2004-hughes-sin.php 16.  Hume D. Of the Original Contract // Political Essays. Cambridge University Press, 1994. URL: http://www.constitution....

The variety of options for the course of gouty arthritis necessitates the search for informative and accessible methods for diagnosing this disease. The detection of the sodium monourate crystals deposits in synovial fluid is asso­ciated with certain technical difficulties. In this regard, ultrasound diagnos­tics of gout is of particular value. The article raises questions of the im­portance of ultrasound assessment of joints in the diagnosis of gouty arthritis. Especially interesting is the possibility...

The waters of the Curonian Lagoon and the contiguous coastal area are linked together by both the environment and economic activities. Regional planning considers water and coastal areas as separate phenomena that lack a common management system. However, this approach is poorly applicable to the Curonian Lagoon, the delta of the River Neman, and the adjacent coastal area. Only when these elements are analysed as a single whole, one can see the problems of the region in their entirety. This article...

In this article, we present a clinical case of a patient with T-cell lympho­ma (delta-gamma variant) complicated by neuroleukemia. We performed a dif­ferential diagnosis from other lymphoproliferative diseases. Our diagnosis was based on trepanobiopsy and immunophenotyping data: delta-gamma-T/NK-cell lymphoma, hepatolienal form. The first NHL-BFM 90 protocol block was obtained. We performed a whole body PET/CT scan and a myelogram to con­firm the diagnosis. Since therapy was ineffective, we conducted...

This article analyses different mathematical models of the process of postmortem heat transfer in an adult cadaver based on postmortem temperature dynamics. A model of heat transfer in a newborn cadaver presented as a finite cylinder is examined in detail. An important factor in constructing a mathematical model of postmortem heat transfer in a newborn aimed at identifying the time of death is body form approximation. It is shown that heat transfer in a cadaver is not sufficient for identifying the...