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... age groups), Joseph Stalin, and Catherine II possess the greatest potential as “symbols of Russia,” whose activities respondents generally evaluate positively. At the same time, regarding Joseph Stalin and Vladimir Lenin as historical figures, a conflict potential is revealed in the historical memory of Russian society concerning their activities and era. Immanuel Kant is most frequently associated with the regional past, while figures from national history whose names are reflected in local ...

... global challenges and events that contradict the Union’s political and humanitarian objectives and values, thereby seeking to promote peace, democracy, respect for international law and human rights, as well as to resolve ongoing and prevent emerging conflicts and crises in the international arena. This article presents the results of a politico-legal analysis of key regulatory documents that constitute the normative foundation of the EU’s current sanctions policy. The aim of the research is to ...

... Chernigovskaya, Т. V., 2020. Biology, environment, and culture: from animal com­munication to human language and cognition. Vestnik Sankt-Peterburgskogo uni­ver ­ siteta. Filosofiya i konfliktologiya [Vestnik of Saint-Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies], 1, pp. 157—170. Ivanov, Vyach. Vs., 1978. Chet i nechet: asimmetriya mozga i znakovykh sistem [Even and Odd: Asymmetry of the Brain and Sign Systems]. Moscow (in Russ.). Ivanov, Vyach. Vs., 1979. Neurosemiotics of oral speech and ...

... however, as a result of the undermining coun­ter-narratives in combination with the so-called ‘sleeper effect’, neither the narrative invented by Halpérine-Kaminsky and Morice could withstand the test of time. Baker, M., 2006. Translation and Conflict. A Narrative Account. London; New York: Routledge. Berman, A., 1990. La retraduction comme espace de la traduction. Palimpsestes , 4. Available at: http://journals.openedition.org/palimpsestes/596 [Accessed 12 April 2021]. Boulogne, P., 2009....

... of the identified commented translational issues. Alekseev, M. P., 1987. William Hogarth and his “Analysis of Beauty”. In: W. Ho­garth. Analiz Krasoty [The Analysis of Beauty]. Leningrad. pp. 7—115 (in Russ.). Baker, M., 2007. Reframing Conflict in Translation. Social Semiotics, 17 (2), pp. 151—169. Barkuzar, D. and Haneen, A., 2018. The translator as an activist: reframing con­flict in the Arabic translation of Sacco’s Footnotes in Gaza. The Translator, 24 (2), pp. 147—165. Britto,...

... https://int.webcorpora.ru/drake/ [Ac­cessed 10 February 2020] (in Russ.). Gulakova, I. I., 2004. Kommunikativnye strategii i taktiki rechevogo povedeniya v kon­fliktnoi situatsii obshcheniya [Communicative strategies and tactics of speech behavior in a conflict situation of communication]. Ph. D. Oryol State University (in Russ.). Davydova, T. А., 2003. Rechevoi akt upreka v angliiskom yazyke [The speech act of reproach in the English language]. PhD. Irkutsk State Linguistic University (in Russ.). ...

... Man­agement. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing. Esser, A., Bernal-Merino, M. Á. and Smith, I. R. eds., 2016. Media Across Borders. Localizing TV, Film and Video Games. New York: Routledge. Federici, F. M. ed., 2016. Mediating Emergencies and Conflicts. Frontline Translating and Interpreting. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Floridi, L., 2014. The 4 th Revolution. How the Infosphere is Reshaping Human Reality. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Folaron, D., 2006. A discipline coming of age in the ...

... line, independently or together with the third line, comprises the punchline of a poroshok. The punchline is practically mandatory and may be presented in greater detail inasmuch as it does not simply violate the reader’s expectations but enters into conflict with the beginning of the verse and forces the reader to reinterpret it. Reinterpretation manes that readers change their perception of the situation or carry out a ‘transformation’, that is, substitute the character or the entire situation....

... Methodological and Terminological Issues in Re­searching Indirect Translation: A Critical Annotated Bibliography. Translation Studies, 10 (2), pp. 198—216. Pięta, H. (in press). On the role of indirect literary translation in the construction of the conflicting images of communist Poland in para-fascist Portugal. Target. Pięta, H. and Maia, R. B., 2015. Integrating Indirect Translation into the Academic Education of Future Generations of Translators across Europe: A Lisbon Model. In: Translating ...

... in communicative interactions caused by the emergence of new information technologies. Special emphasis is placed on the formation of public space as the only realm where political discourse is produced legitimately. Another focus is the current ‘conflict of interpretations’ in regard to the markers and symbols of political language. To identify the metamorphoses of PD and to understand their genesis, the author investigates the main features of and transformations in the cognitive mechanism ...

... comparison and meaning-based correlation between subtexts. The article examines A. Bashlachev’s late works linked by the cross-cutting theme of poetry and the Poet. A. Bashlachev’s vision of the Poet’s mission and life tragedy and an inevitable conflict between the Poet, on the one hand, and the authorities and the crowd, on the other. Ideational components set a framework for a correlation analysis of variations in A. Bashlachev’s texts. The authors compare Bashlachev’s late written texts ...

... panthesist, Schellingian, etc. Poems, articles, and letters are used to emphasise the Christian foundations of his oeuvre, which focuses on the anthropological problem of the ‘mystery of the human being’. The vicissitudes of human spirit, the dramatic conflict between two major metaphysical principles of anthropocentric free will and veneration of god – these and similar issue comprise the world-view foundation of the physiophilosophical and love poems and philosophical historical and political reflections ...

... identitāte, mobilitāte un rīcībspēja. Rīga, 2011. 53. Zepa B., Lāce I. et al. The Aspect of Culture in the Social Inclusion of Ethnic Minorities. Flensburg, 2006. 54. Zepa B., Šūpule I. et al. Ethnopolitical tension in Latvia: Looking for the conflict solution. Rīga, 2005. 55. Zepa B., Šūpule I. et al. Integration Practice and Perspectives. Rīga, 2006. 56. Zepa B., Žabko O., Vaivode L. Valoda. Atskaite. 2008. Rīga, 2008.

..., 1996f. Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. Translated by G. di Giovanni. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Edited by A. W. Wood and G. di Giovanni. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 55-215. Kant, I., 1996g. The Conflict of Faculties. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Edited by A. W. Wood and G. di Giovanni. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 233-327. Kant, I., 1998. Critique of Pure Reason. Translated and edited by P. Guyer and A. W....

... reasoning. Scanlon includes other lawmakers, but any potential diversity among them is overridden by trans­historical canons of reason. By contrast, I view morality as developing historically through the interactions among people with different views and conflicting aims. The task of moral theory is to construct an appropriate methodology to govern their deliberations. My naturalised Kant takes the first steps. Morality arises from the recognition of problematic situations, identified first by listening ...

... 521-641. Kant, I., 1996a. Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Translated and edited by A. W. Wood and G. di Giovanni. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 39-216. Kant, I., 1996b. The Conflict of the Faculties. In: I. Kant, 1996. Religion and Rational Theology. Translated and edited by A. W. Wood and G. di Giovanni. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 233-328. Kant, I., 1996c. Critique of Practical Reason. In: I. Kant, 1996....

... theoretische Vernunft selbst eine Idee? Fichtes Umgang mit Kantischen Ideen um 1810. In: Fichte-Studien, 46, pp. 288-307. Lewin, M., 2020. Reason, Ideas and Their Functions in Classical German Philosophy. Vestnik of Saint-Petersburg University. Philosophy and Conflict Studies, 36(1), pp. 4-23. (In Rus.) Lewin, M., (in press) Das System der Ideen. Die Begründung der Vernunft und das Problem der unterschiedlichen Ansprüche. Freiburg & München: Alber. Manchester, P., 2008. Kant’s Conception of Architectonic ...

... place at Moscow University and was connected with the endeavours of two graduates of Göttingen University. J. W. L. Mellmann was the first adherent of Kant's critical philosophy in Russia and thus provoked a philosophical-theological-administrative conflict, which led to his untimely death. J. G. Buhle taught one of the first courses on Kant's philosophy of the critical period and safely returned to Germany after a 20 year residency in Russia. 1. Аноним. F. W. J. Schelling. Vorlesungen über ...

In modern theoretical analytical philosophy, the interest in Kant is primarily due to discussions on the nature of sensory perceptions, on the epistemological status of experience, and on the so-called ‘constructivism’. The conflict of interpretations goes so far that some consider Kant to be a conceptualist, while others consider him an anti-conceptualist. For some, he is an internalist and, for others, an externalist. For some, he is a constructivist and, for others is ...

... Kant’s definition of a federation of sovereign states, united for the purpose of securing peace, and in some respects went even further. The process of European integration has transformed Europe’s regional buildup from the arena of regular war conflicts into the society of peace, prosperity, liberty and right. It is obvious that it its development the EU will undergo difficulties and crises. However, the general direction, chosen by the union of European states, aiming at the development of ...

... possibility of a philosophy of nature for the purpose of justifying medicine as a science. After analyzing Kant’s early work “Essay on the Illness of the Head” (Versuch über die Krankheiten des Kopfes, 1764), his remarks on hypochondria in The Conflict of the Faculties, and the discussion of the moral problems of smallpox vaccination available in the archive of the philosopher’s manuscripts, the article focuses on Erhard’s writings. As Erhard emphasizes, medical theory lacks a foundation ...

... implementation of this project. It isstressed that the project can function only when the interests of government and citizen coincides. Russian history is addressed to illustrate that even “common interests” of the ruler and the citizen leave room for a conflict between them. The author analyses Kant’s paradox stating an inversely proportional connection between the level of civil liberties and that of spiritual freedom. The article proposes a hypothesis about the dissident movement as a possible political ...

... the turn of the 18th century and was connected with the endeavours of two graduates of Göttingen University. J. W. L. Mellmann was the first adherent of Kant's critical philosophy in Russia and thus provoked a philosophical-theologicaladministrative conflict, which led to his untimely death. J. G. Buhle taught one of the first courses on Kant's philosophy of the critical period and safely returned to Germany after a 20 year residency in Russia. 1. Аноним. F. W. J. Schelling. Vorlesungen über ...

... anthropological foundations of Kant’s philosophy of family law conceived as a “personal right that is real in kind”: the possibility of possessing a person as a property item presets the antinomy of moral and legal principles, which reproduces the conflict between Roman naturalistic legal theory and the contractual philosophy of natural law. The author also considers the ways to overcome this antinomy, as well as ensuing solutions to the problems relating to the legal foundations and the subject ...

... suits Kant's definition of a federtion of souvereign states, united for the purpose of securing peace, and in some respects went even further. The process of European integration has transformed Europe’s regional build up from the arena of regular war conflicts into the society of peace, prosperity, liberty and right. It is obvious that it its development the EU will undergo difficulties and crises. However, the general direction, chosen by the union of European states, aiming at the development of ...

... Language”. The plot structure of the stories and the system of characters are contrasted for spatial oppositions “close — far” and “homeland — foreign land”. It is demonstrated that the peasant traditional patriarchal picture of the world is in conflict with the image of America as an urban civilization of modern times. The authors reveal the specifics of Sienkiewicz’s and Korolenko’s disclosure of American themes. It is emphasized that the vision of America by both writers is ambivalent....

... protagonist’s path to maturing considering the impact that home tutoring, educational institutions of various types as well as self-education had on him. In the schools under the tutelage of the Jesuit Order the values instilled by home education appear to conflict with those imposed by the British educational system. A study of the school system features shows that it is unable to lead Stephen to the creation of a full-fledged ideal which he could follow. At the same time the home loses its significance ...

... iss. 4. P. 501—522. 17. Ohm E., Thompson V. Everyday reasoning with inducements and ad­vice // Thinking and Reasoning. 2004. Vol. 10, № 3. Р. 241—272. 18. Probst N., Shkapenko T., Tkachenko A., Chernyakov A. Speech act of threat in everyday conflict discourse: production and perception // Lege Artis. 2018. Т. 3, № 2. P. 204—250. 19. Salgueiro A. B. Promises, threats, and the foundations of speech act theory // Pragmatics. 2010. Vol. 20, iss. 2. P. 213—228. 20. Sami S. The Differences ...

... and its linguistic markers. Threats are frequently used in contemporary po­litical discourse, which is gov­erned by norms and conventions. The radicaliza­tion of communication is a re­sult of social and economic problems as well as geopo­litical conflicts. This pa­per analyses what forms the speech act of threat can take in the political dis­courses of two Europe­an countries: Germany and Spain. It attempts to identi­fy similarities and structural differences in the realization of speech ...

This article considers career advancement opportunities of teaching staff in the framework of the Education national project. The role of the teacher and an innovative vision of the teacher’s professional competency are analysed. The stages of teaching career are identified and described alongside conditions for career advancement and movement up and along the career ladder. 1. Аврамкова И. С. К вопросу о кризисе образования в современной России // Известия Российского государственного педагогического...

... Idioms: Linguistic, lexicographic, and computational aspects. L., 2007. S. 23—41. 19. Lowenthal D. In praise of forgetting: Historical memory and its ironies // History Today. 2017. Vol. 67 (3). 20. McQuaid S. D. Parading Memory and Re-member-ing Conflict: Collective Memory in Transition in Northern Ireland // International Journal of Politics, Culture and Society. 2017. Vol. 30 (1). P. 23—41. 21. Rebrina L. N., Shamne N. L., Milovanova M. V., Terentyeva E. V. Verbal Collocations of Memory: ...

The famous work by K.Ryleyev is analysed using an axiological approach that allows the authors to interpret its main conflict in a new way. K.Ryleyev pays special attention to an antithesis, showing that Prince Igor concedes to passions throughout his life whereas Princess Olga is always guided by a moral imperative. This antithesis is the main artistic means, and the ...

The article considers problems faced by the individual as the bearer of social and cultural patterns. The article focusses on the issues of the conscious formation of tolerance and interconnections between understanding and the individual’s adaptation to reality. General knowledge, reflection, the extension of meaning, self-esteem, a system of values, logic and cognition form the basis of understanding. The author analyses the concept of multicultural identity and explores the problems of non-conflict...

The article explores the motive complex of impersonality in Yegor Letov's poetics as a unity of stable figurative series and typical strategies of poetic language. Confirmation-overcoming of the borders of I is an existential conflict, which is one of the most important constants of Yegor Letov's personal poetic ontology. 1. Авилова Е.Р. Телесность как основная универсалия авангардной модели мира (на примере ...

... increase in the number of negative descriptors when speaking of her is correlated with growing negativisation of all social relationships of a personality. It is stressed that parent-child relationships characterised by inconsis-tence and propensity to conflict contribute to the development of aggression in a child as a means to resolve interpersonal conflicts. 1. Андреева Г. М. Социальная психология. М., 1988. 2. Аронсон Э., Уилсон Т., Эйкерт Р....

This article considers Byron’s work based on the well-known Biblical story, which was radically transformed by the poet. An analysis of one of the key categories of Romanticism – central to Byron’s oeuvre – helps show that the fictional conflict of the drama manifested in the images of Adam’s sons is based on the antithesis between the true and false freedom, whereas the general literary structure of the mystery is used to direct the reader to the conclusion that it is impossible for ...

This article focuses on the technology of adaptation conflict prevention among first-year students implemented in the educational process and including the target, content, procedural, and diagnostic components. 1.  Апанасенко Г.   Л. Эволюция биоэнергетики и здоровья ...

This article is devoted to the individual approach to teaching foreign languages in ЕМЕRCOM education institutions. The research shows that the conflict between the intensification of teaching process and the level of individualization can be resolved by means of Computer-aided Teaching Systems that perform the computerization of didactic databases. 1.   Квалификационные требования ...

... the need for security rarely acts as an active force. The main argument of the author of the article is that the need for security, transforming into a desire for security, turns into a completely active, if not aggressive, force, a priori creating conflict situations. An analysis of the evolution of paradigms for ensuring security in the international relations system concludes that a successive series of world orders resulted from wars that ended in peace, in which a causal relationship is found ...

... the Russian legal system and among the bodies of civil jurisdiction, reveals the issues of notarial mediation, makes some proposals for improving the legislation. The notary, as an institution of preventive justice, carries out pre-trial resolution of conflicts, ensures the rule of law and plays a huge role in the successful resolution of disputes without going to court, thereby facilitating their work, protecting their rights and interests, and also establishing mutual understanding between the subjects ...

The article is devoted to the urban identity construction within the exist­ing, inhomogeneous, conflicting discourse of the cultural heritage of St. Pe­tersburg. The discursive practices of the actors of 7 discourses within the main discourse of the cultural heritage of St. Petersburg are reconstructed from the media and field studies; 9 dispositive ...

... describes the political activities of the leftist opposition (holding discussion evenings, sending circular letters to small towns in East Prussia, distributing leaflets at workers’ gatherings, etc.), and shows how local Trotskyists were influenced by conflicts between the leaders of the United Left Opposition - Roman Well, Anton Grylewicz, Kurt Landau and Oskar Seipold. The article considers some cross-border links of Trotskyists with groups in Poland. The study of this topic makes it possible to ...

The article analyses how the terms “memory wars” / “memorial wars” are applied in the contemporary research papers on conflicts of collective perceptions of the past. The author shows that in the late 1990s and early 2000s the concept was not yet associated exclusively with the political sphere, within which different social groups were producing historical narratives,...

..., the Kaliningrad region). The study is relevant for the federal authorities since environmental problems have beco­me a frequent cause of protest actions in Russia. The relevance of the study for the regional authorities is predetermined by social conflicts related to the con­st­ruction of a potassium-magnesium production facility in the village of Ni­ven­skoye. The study revealed a number of characteristic features typical of the en­vironmental consciousness of the two territorial communities....

... promoting its sociocultural image. The article shows the tough dependence on the foreign economic decisions of the federal authorities using the development trends of the manufacturing industry in the region as an example. The in­creased potential conflict around the Russian exclave in the Baltic slows down the convergence of regional interests in the socio-economic sphere with the in­terests of neighboring countries. Intensified relations with other regions of the Russian Federation could make ...

... https://mfa.gov.il/MFA/ForeignPolicy/Peace/Guide/Pages/Gaza- Jericho%20Agreement%20Annex%20IV%20-%20Economic%20Protoco.aspx (дата обра­щения: 02.03.2020). 12. Quigley J. B. The Statehood of Palestine: International Law in the Middle East Conflict. Cambridge University Press. 2010. 13. Rubin B. The Transformation of Palestinian Politics: From Revolution to State-Building. Harvard University Press, 2009. 14. Sayigh Y., Shikaki Kh. Strengthening Palestinian Public Institutions // Pales­tinian ...

... Латвийской Республики. URL: https://www.mfa.gov.lv/ru/novosti/integra ciya-obshestva-v-latvii/programma-osvoeniya-latyshskogo-yazyka (дата обращения: 22.05.2020). 17. Ethnopolitical tension in Latvia: looking for the conflict solution / ed. by B. Zepa, I. Šūpule, E. Kļave. Riga, 2005. 18. Izglītības likums [Закон об образовании] // Latvijas Vēstnesis. 1998. 17.11. № 343/344. 19. Grozījumi Izglītības likumā [Поправки к Закону ...

... Хентиля С., Невакиви Ю. Политическая история Финляндии 1809—2009. М., 2010. 5. Forsberg T., Pursiainen C. Crisis Decision-Making in Finland. Cognition, Insti­tutions and Rationality // Cooperation and Conflict: Journal of the Nordic Interna­tional Studies Association. 2006. Vol. 41 (3). P. 235—260. 6. Hiltunen R. Neuvostoliitto ja Suomi: hyviä naapureita ja ystäviä. Moskova, 1986. 7. Hiltunen R. Neuvostoliitto ja Suomi: esimerkki hyvästä naapuruudesta....

... is achieved by using observation, analogy, comparative and retrospective analysis. The author analyses the behavioural reaction of partic­ipants of the London gold fixing and the London electronic auction to the emergence of new centres of military conflicts and "colour revolutions, as well as the intentions of some world leaders to break the existing military and stra­tegic balance of forces in an attempt to introduce a new world order. The au­thor determines the conditions, which allow ...

... analyzed in documents and recent research. The author identifies the main migration waves that came in the first post-war years, gives a social description of the main groups of migrants and local Polish-speaking residents, shows the con­tradictions and conflicts between them and analyzes the difficulties encoun­tered in the process of their integration. The article concludes that the migra­tion policy for the authorities of the Polish People's Republic became the main instrument for confirming their ...