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... not seem to be preferential despite the speaker's acquaintance with the corresponding term of identification: communication between family members and service encounters. For some pieces of data, a description framed in terms of linguistic politeness appears to be suitable. Yet, a first-name address can function as not only a mitigating device but also a potential face-threatening act. Finally, there are many instances where politeness issues do not seem relevant. In these cases, it seems appropriate ...

... Baudelaire's celebrated image, representing it pri­marily as a notion of something bizarre, extraordinary, transmuted and dangerous. This is achieved through the reception of the image of 'flowers of evil' embodied by Huysmans in a series of vegetative appearances, such as the collection of exotic plants, the lotus in the hands of Salome and the nidularium seen in a dream. It is concluded that Huysmans uses phy­to­nymic images to demonstrate his belief that his decadent contemporaries, personified ...

... collocation kak po mne is a calque of the Anglo-Americanism 'as for me / as to me', competing with another form of hidden borrowing — po mne [for me / to me]. Coexisting in the recipient language with the native expression po mne, the hidden semantic calque appears as its structural-semantic variant with an intensifier. The article also presents survey data from native Russian speakers, who predominantly classify kak po mne as a vulgarism or colloquialism. This categorisation persists despite the widespread ...

... Self-Consciousness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Taylor, C., 1975. Hegel. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Van Cleve, J., 1999. Problems from Kant. New York & Oxford: Oxford University Press. German idealism, Kant, Hegel, experience, phenomenon, appearance, noumenon 68-88 10.5922/0207-6918-2025-1-3

... Russian of the poem ‘Everything has already hap­pened! (Epistle to Julius Stettenheim)’ by the outstanding German scholar, professor at the University of Königsberg, medical practitioner and poet Paul Henry Gerber (1863—1919). The poem first appeared in Gerber’s collection of poems ‘From Youth. Songs and Poetry’ (Ber­lin, 1895); it was also reprinted in a review of the book published in the journal Mnemosyne. The poem, in which gentle humour shades into deep philosophical content, ...

... and rhetoric with his own experiments in versification. The most common form in Theophan's poetry, as well as in the works of the Virsheviks—his predecessors and contemporaries—is the thirteen-syllable verse. This form is genre- and theme-diverse, appearing in odes, epigrams, inscriptions, occasional poems, and humorous poem cycles. However, it is less metrically ordered compared to other types of syllabic verse and exhibits the greatest diversity in accent placement. It actively demonstrates the ...

... and ‘razve’. An expression is considered pragmatically obligatory in a given communicative situation if its absence, where the situation calls for it, may lead to unintended implicatures. Pragmatically obligatory discourse markers may occasionally appear in translation even when no direct stimulus is present in the source text. Special attention is given to the use of proper names and the act of telling jokes. The article explores the pragmatic principle governingproper names through the concept ...

... analyzed. Phonetic, lexical, and punctuation differences across all available versions of the text are explored. Hypotheses are proposed to explain the creative history of the text. Particular attention is paid to stanzas absent in earlier versions but appearing in collections published after 2001. The study confirms the hypothesis about the heightened significance of the phonetic level in V. A. Sosnora’s poetic texts, the semantic function of punctuation marks, and repetition as a device structuring ...

... with other prisoners and wardens. The goal of Yakov’s relentless spiritual struggle, in which he overcomes pain and suffering, is to obstruct all dark forces, which he perceives as servants of the Antichrist. In the narrator’s perception, Yashka appears as an ascetic figure, whose underdeveloped intellect masks a genuine striving to comprehend the structure of the world and a tireless determination to fight evil. Identifying the mortal semantics of the prison topos allows for the conclusion that ...

... doctrinal factor of legal communication as that segment of legal communication mediated by doctrinal texts, through which the legal system is constructed. The proposed definition integrates various manifestations of doctrine within legal communication and appears preferable in terms of conceptual comprehensiveness. doctrinal factor, communicative theory of law, legal doctrine, legal reality, legal system, law formation 15—23 10.5922/vestnikhum-2025-1-2

... provisions of the legislation; historical-critical, used to display cause-and-effect relationships in the development of the legal regulation system. Results: The prerequisites for the emergence of legal regulation of the digital (Internet) space in Russia appeared simultaneously with the spread of the Internet in society — in the 1990s, but legislative acts did not directly affect the relevant area, and the regulation was carried out primarily through self-regulation. Nevertheless, government agencies ...

The article analyses the collocations of the lexeme 'gorod (city)' with its paronyms — words that are pronounced or written in a similar way, not necessarily connected etymo­lo­gi­cally. These collocations, which appear in paronymic attraction and repeated many times, are called formulaic. The research presented in the article confirms the assumption that the stable pa­ronymic collocations do not unite random words but a type of mythologemes — 'gorod’, ‘go­ra’ ...

... cognitive units are shown to play funda­mentally different roles. The function — the embodied human response to the perceived object and the typical interaction with it — strictly defines the concept and the category set by it. The percept — the appearance of the object — allows one to quickly hypothesize which catego­ry this object belongs to. Based on the function of the concept and the division of this function into parts (private functions), it becomes possible to construct, instead of ...

... performatives. Another example of the con­tinuity of linguistic forms of religious beliefs is euphemization. Systemic classifications in the languages ​​of Australian aborigines and the animate/inanimate gender in Indo-European lan­guages ​​appear as dependent entities on religious choice in the form of preferences arising in the totem ideas of peoples. A we reconstruct the areas of intersection of beliefs and linguistic forms. The linguistic form is in harmony with certain stages of development ...

... showed that the other copy is a later work of the scribe on the storyline of The Miracle, which involved the shortening of the text, the introduction of new narrative details, naming the main character, and providing a more detailed description of his appearance. The authors argue that, at a later stage of mastering the plot of the Miracle, My­andin created his own version of the events described. He employed his own vocabulary satu­rating the plot with details, which were missing in the first version....

The article deals with the dynamic interaction of events and narratives. As a result of this interaction, stable links ‘events-narratives’ appear; they influence the formation and transformation of social and cultural processes in society. Event-narrative links form the basis of the system of norms and values of society. The corpus of ‘event-narrative’ links creates be­havioural patterns,...

... poems. Аttributive chains, paired formulas, synonymization of lexemes in chains, repetitions, in­strumental case in the meaning of comparison and metamorphosis can be found in classical pre-Nakrasov poetry as well. In Nekrasov’s poems these features appear in a concentrated, condensed form; they can be considered only against the background of his work as a whole. Akimova, M. V., 2017. The tradition of studying Russian syntax: B. I. Yarkho and M. L. Gasparov. Trudy Instituta russkogo yazyka [Papers ...

... cognitive factors underlying the construction of meaning in the translation process. Apart from linguistic expertise, the translation of philosophical texts re­quires a profound understading of the subject matter. Ambiguity of philosophical terms, which appears as a result of the development of a particular concept within a specific philo­sophical school of thought, may lead to inconsistencies in the translation decision-making. The paper aims to apply a cognitive approach to the translation of epistemological ...

... as an “arti­ficial person”. The author emphasizes that the introduction of the concept “natural state” led to changes in the ontological status of people in political theory. The concept “people” becomes “a flickering subject” that appears during the transition from a natural state to a civil one and disappears when the transition goes in the opposite direction. In a civil state, people become an active subject when they perform the function of the legislator. In other cases, people ...

... “sootechestvenniki” is one of the key tools for self-description of society; it is an instrument for drawing borderlines between “we” and “they”. The article describes the development of the meaning of this word since its coinage. The word appeared in the 18th cen­tury as a merger of the Old Slavic and Old Russian ‘otechestvo’ (fatherland, understood as one’s place of origin) and the French ‘compatriot’. This merger resulted in the formation of two new prototypical meanings: ...

... semiotic fold or have much say in the process, in principle nothing prevents them from bring­ing their desires, motives, and strategies to the table. Translators can — and should — have a larger say on why, whether, and how new translated texts appear in the target environment. Buzelin, H., 2011. Agents of translation. In: Y. Gambier and L. van Doorslaer, eds. Handbook of Translation Studies. Vol. 2. Amsterdam and Philadelphia: John Benja­mins. pp. 6—12. Calvino, I., 1988a. Lezioni americane....

... Shcheglov, Yu. K., 1996. Raboty po poetike vyrazitel'nosti: Invari­anty — Tema — Priemy — Tekst [Works on the poetics of expressiveness: Invariants — Theme — Receptions — Text]. Moscow: Progress (in Russ.). Il‘in, M. V., 2018. Image, appearance, eidos, figure, pattern. How do words help to recognize images, feel them, understand meanings and meanings? Slovo.ru: the Baltic accent, 9(2), pp. 6—20 (in Russ.). Kovalev, O. A., Negreeva, A. D., 2013. The plot and rhythm in the lyrics ...

... Lecture course]. Moscow. 14. Davydenkov, O., archpriest, 2002. The concepts of "power" and "energy" in patristic theology. In: Davydenkov O., archpriest. Veliya blagochestiya taina: Bog yavisya vo ploti [Velia piety mystery: God appeared in the flesh]. Moscow. pp. 5—31. 15. Zhil'son, E. Dukh srednevekovoi filosofii: Giffordovskie lektsii [Spirit of medieval philosophy: Gifford lectures]. Moscow. 16. Zen'kovskii, V. V., 1991. Istoriya russkoi filosofii [History of Russian philosophy]....

... works to various schools of thought and to examine the possible link with linguistic cultural studies. Everett’s definitions of language and culture are contrasted with those of various schools in linguistics. It should be noted that Everett does not appear to use the term linguistic worldview. Yet, due to the rich empirical evidence found and set out in his books and papers, Everett effectively summarizes the views on the subject of worldview. Everett’s standpoint does not show significant differences ...

... Purgatory; it shows the traumatism of paradise freedom, which is determined by the experience of this poetic generation of moving from the literary underground to the centre of the literary process and by changing the reality reflected in poetry, the appearance in this reality of signs of "paradise life" and new, sometimes surpassing the creative personality, opportunities for self-expression. There is also a connection between the new "paradise" poetry and the literary tradition ...

... chanson. Two types of such portrait are identified: the lyrical one that is reconstructed on the basis of the songwriter’s self-expression and the objective one that develops when the songwriter looks at a man as another. In these circumstances, a man appears as a philosopher striving to comprehend life and his place in it. 1. Берестнев Г. И. Женщина глазами мужчины в современном русском шансоне // Вестник Балтийского федерального ...

... means that, although we have a firm sense of our moral duties, we can never be certain whether some particular action of ours is done from duty or simply in accordance with it. This view is voiced in several of Kant’s writings. Most prominent is its appearance in the Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals, but we also find it in Religion within the Boundaries of Mere Reason and in The Metaphysics of Morals, and it is even present in smaller writings such as “On a Miscarriage of all Philosophical ...

... Philosophy”. Studies in Transcendental Philosophy, 1(1), [online] Available at: < ">http://ras.jes.su/transcendental/s123456780008967-4-1> ; [Accessed 01 Au­gust 2021]. Katrechko, S. L., 2021. The Ambivalent Character of the Kantian Notion of Appearance: The Objective-Objectual (‘gegenständlich’) Nature of Appearances as ‘Objects of Experience’. In: C. Serck-Hanssen and B. Himmelmann, eds. 2021. The Court of Reason: Proceedings of the 13th International Kant Congress. Oslo, 6-9 August ...

... analysis of a foundation of this kind, viz. evidence. The tradition of this concept leads us to Descartes and back to the three main versions of transcendentalism: Kant’s, Husserl’s and Heidegger’s. The author finally comes to the conclusion that the appearance of overcoming the metaphysical approach in the twentieth century is replaced by a transcendental and dialectical “game” around metaphysical concepts. Avtonomova, N. S., 1988. Rassudok, razum, racional’nost’ [Reason, Reason, Rationality]....

...., 1907. Problema prichinnosti u Juma i Kanta: Otvetil li Kant na somnenija Juma [The Problem of Causality in Hume and Kant: Did Kant Answer Hume’s Doubts]. Kiev: Tipografija Imperatorskogo universiteta sv. Vladimira. (In Rus.) Shpet, G. G., 1991. Appearance and Sense: Phenomenology as the Fundamental Science and Its Problems. Translated by T. Nemeth. Dordrecht, Boston & London: Kluwer Academic Publishers. Shpet, G. G., 1996. Letter to E. Husserl dated February 26, 1914. Logos, 7, pp. 123-128. ...

... manifestation of Gesinnung in the world, apprehended through the senses, the method of establishing and the culture of truly moral Gesinnung, as well as the problem of the immutability of Gesinnung in the progress towards the good. The new theses that appear in Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason are Gesinnung as the internal subjective principle of maxims, on virtue as evidence of the presence of Gesinnung, on act as a manifestation of Gesinnung, on the unintelligibility of Gesinnung in its ...

... Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, рp. 231-247. Maddy, P., 2007. Second Philosophy: A Naturalistic Method. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Oberst, M., 2015. Two Worlds and Two Aspects: on Kant’s Distinction between Things in Themselves and Appearances. Kantian review, 20(1), pp. 53-75. Poli, R., 2017. Nicolai Hartmann. In: The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, [online] Avaliable at: < https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2017/entries/nicolai-hartmann/> ; [Accessed 27 May 2019]....

... neglected or ignored in research, although they still continue to raise problems and controversies in the context of the Enlightenment and the philosophy of religion. Although Lessing and Kant are both committed to the ideas of the Enlightenment and also appear as “related in essence”, above all with regard to religio-philosophical questions, Kant’s “moral determined monotheism” also contains an obvious criticism of Lessing’s religio-philosophical doctrines. This is also obvious in Kant’s ...

Kant’s dissertation for the Master’s degree Succinct Exposition of Some Meditations on Fire was written in Latin in 1755 as a sample (specimen) preceding a Master’s exam, but its first printing did not appear until 1838. What is the relevance of this Master’s dissertation for historical and philosophical studies? To answer this question I analyse the structure and give a brief summary of the dissertation, look at the history of its writing and try ...

... XIX/1, 2. New York: Springer Science+Business Media; Den Haag: Martinus Nijhoff. Kant, I., 1998. The Critique of Pure Reason. Edited and translated by P. Guyer, A. W. Wood. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Katrechko, S. L., 2018. The Nature of Appearance in Kant’s Transcendentalism: A Semantico-Cognitive Analysis. Kantian Journal, 37(3), pp. 31-55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/0207-6918-2018-3-2 Katrechko, S. L., Shiyan, A. A., eds. 2018. Proceedings of the International Workshop “Transcendental ...

Kant's 'Technique of hope' appears to be the 'most genuine hope of the Enlightenment' for the moral intersubjectivity of being. Its immense significance becomes obvious against the background of Kant's 'Copernican Revolution', which resulted in the new subject-oriented ontology....

... [Critique of Pure Reason] in: Kant, I. Sochinenija v shesti tomah [The works in six volumes], vol. 3, Moscow. 9. Kant, I. 1965, Prolegomeni ko vsjakoj buduschej metafisike, moguschej pojavitsja kak nauka [Prolegomena to any future metaphysics that may appear as a science] in: Kant, I. Sochinenija v shesti tomah [The works in six volumes], vol. 4/1, Moscow. 10. Karnap R. 1971, Filosofskie osnovaniya fiziki [Philosophical Foundations of Physics]. Moscow, Progress. 11. Karnap R., Hahn H., Neurath O. ...

... transcendentalism implies a transcendental turn from studying [empirical] objects to analysing the [transcendental] conditions of their cognition. Metaphysically, Kant’s transcendentalism rests on the crucial distinction between the thing in itself and the appearance. To give a more precise definition of Kant’s thing in itself, this article considers three theses. Firstly, Kant’s thing in itself is not an object in the usual sense. It is a methodological notion rather than an actual object. There are ...

... neither ontological nor epistemological dualism. Rather it has a methodological function and it serves to indicate the possibility of different forms of discourses — religious, ethical, etc. The thesis is proven in three steps. First, the notion of ‘appearance’ is considered as ontologically identical to the thing in itself. Then, the author proposes her own reconstruction of Kant’s transcendental theory of experience and analyses the transcendental structure of experience to demonstrate the ...

... philosopher in the mid-18th century. The notion originates from Leibniz’s Theodi­cy and from debates over whether the actual world is the best of all possible worlds. The first of a two-part series, this article studies the historical context in which appeared Kant’s 1759 lecture advertisement leaflet entitled An Attempt at Some Reflections on Optimism. The study describes the requirements of the 1755 Berlin Academy of Sciences’ competition for a comparison of G. W. Leibniz’s and A. Pope’s ...