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This article considers the trend of structural changes in the political elite of the Republic of Lithuania in the post-Soviet period through analyzing the role of the so-called “moral politicians” — intellectuals, artists, and cultural figures, who played a decisive role in the period of the communist system disintegration and further development of the country's policy. The role of the political elite, which is understood according to R. Putnam and J. Higley's definition, is considered in the conditions...

... Policy Review , 1999. №   3. P. 51—66; Lithua­nian Political Science Yearbook 1999 . Vilnius, 2000. P. 266—276. 7.      Lopata R. Joenniemi P. Sirutavičius V. Vilpišauskas R . Impact Assesment of Lithuania’s Integration into the EU on Relations between Lithuania and Kaliningrad Oblast of the The Russian Federation // Lithuanian Foreign Policy Review . 2000. №   2 (6). P. 133—178. 8.      Lopata R . Die heutige Bedeutung Königsbergs. Annaberger Annalen // Jahr­buch ...

The study examines a model of relations with the European Union referred to as “de facto membership.” The high relevance of this format of interaction stems from the challenges cur­rently facing the EU, in particular issues related to its international actorness, as well as a number of EU initiatives aimed at establishing more flexible forms of cooperation, including in the field of foreign policy. The concept complements existing formats of differentiated ...

This article examines the essence of the Copernican turn accomplished by the modern French philosopher Quentin Meillassoux, a representative of speculative realism, in his work After Finitude. I use as a starting point the classical definition of the Copernican turn given by Kant in the second introduction to the Critique of Pure Reason. I then compare this definition with the “new” interpretation offered by the French philosopher. According to Meillassoux, Kant and the following philosophical tradition...

The author studied the development of the concept “people” in contemporary history tak­ing into account its possible interpretation as a bearer of sovereignty. This concept goes back to the time of early bourgeois revolutions. The author holds that there are certain parallels between the ideology of citizenship, the development of the concept “people / nation” and the interpretation of the concept “citizenship”. Contemporary theoretical debates about citizen­ship are fully applicable to the history...

This article considers the synthesis of information transference in space and time and examines the etymology of Indo-European lexis. The author pays attention to the origin of the lexis connected with the ‘bear’ semantics. The bear taboo was developing against the background of information passed on from one tradition to another and of ideas imported within cultural transfer. The analysis reveals the original Indo-European root for ‘bear’, which was tabooed across different Indo-European traditions...

The origins in Marxist-Leninist philosophy of the dogma about Kant as the German theorist of the French Revolution requires some analysis and I explain how a phrase of Marx later gave rise to the dogma. I first look at the sources that influenced K. Marx’s view of Kant and the French Revolution, above all С. F. Bachmann and H. Heine. I then examine the form in which Kant’s philosophy was compared with the French Revolution in the non-Bolshevik milieu before the 1917 Russian Revolution (P. Ya. Chaadayev...

This study aims, first, to delimit the seemingly synonymous concepts of “phenomenon” and “appearance” and second, to trace the functions of each in Kant’s philosophy and the phenomenological tradition. The analy­sis is based on Immanuel Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and the central works of Edmund Husserl and Eugen Fink. Kant does not explicitly distinguish the two terms and only speaks about phenomena when he deals with the categorial application of reason. With Husserl, appearance is linked with...

The article analyses the ways of Russification of Buddhism in the cycle of novels by Holm van Zaichik (V. Rybakov and I. Alimov) “Eurasian Symphony”. Buddhist ideas (for example, the idea of karma in its various forms), Buddhist images (in particular, architectural images), Buddhist vocabulary are integrated by the authors into the traditional patterns of Russian culture. Russian Buddhism depicted by V. Rybakov and I. Alimov in the novels of the cycleoffers answers to complex challenges identified...

... the development of the region as a link of the East — West transport corridor. The implementation of this strate­gy can be facilitated by the strengthening of foreign economic ties with the East of Eurasia and the restoration of relations with the EU countries on a new ba­sis. 1. Агафонов Н., Голубев А. Категории и факторы демографической обста­новки (ситуации) // Народонаселение: Прикладная демография....

The author analyses the reception of works and academic ideas of a re­nowned Soviet historian Boris Porshnev (1905—1972) in foreign historiog­raphy. The research shows that the historian failed to repeat the success of his monograph (1948) on popular uprisings in France before the Fronde, which was well received abroad and provoked long-standing dispute among the his­torians. Other works of Porshnev evoked a much more moderate reaction from foreign colleagues. The paper outlines the main objections...

This article focuses on the increasing popularity of beards in Western Europe and Russia in the 1830s—1880s. The main hypotheses explaining this phenomenon in Western Europe are analysed and the Western and Russian practices compared. It is concluded that, from the mid-19th century, the beard was a symbol of national unity – the unity of peasants and the educated class in Russia, whereas it emphasised gender inequality and the exceptional status of men in the society and politics in Western Europe...

This article analyses property right protection in the framework of the European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and gives the definition of property subject to protection from offences according to the Article 1 of the Protocol No. 1 to the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and frames the concept of expropriation and its types. The author focuses on the de facto expropriation phenomenon. 1.  Iatridis v. Greece, ECtHR 1999-II...

... mechanisms of financial support for energy conservation projects and poor political support. Nevertheless, energy efficiency cooperation is capable of changing Russia-EU energy cooperation qualitatively: it offers a cheaper way to meet the needs of the EU, redefines interdependence between the parties, and introduces new elements of equality between them. Energy efficiency cooperation also transforms the patterns of the EU-Russia legal harmonization, creates new conditions for the convergence of regulations ...

... dialogue with the European Union, the key player in the Baltic. The author identifies Russian economic, military, political, and humanitarian interests in the region, and describes the structure, content, and main areas of the implementation of the EU Baltic strategy in 2009—2013. The article examines the evolution of the Strategy, which initially ignored Russian national interests in the region, yet eventually resulted in cooperative efforts in the areas of common interest such as energy, transport ...

... material for this desk study is collected from various sources, including journal articles, statistics, media, research reports, and other publications. 1. European Commission 2012, ICT for Competitiveness & Innovation, available at: http://ec. europa. eu/enterprise/sectors/ict/index_en. htm (accessed 9 July 2012). 2. Eurostat 2012, Innovation statistics, Statistics Explained, available at:http://epp. eurostat.ec.europa.eu/statistics_explained/index.php/Innovation_statistics (accessed 10 July 2012)....

This article is dedicated to the problems of deployment of the US anti-missile defence system in Eastern Europe. The European system of US missile defence is just one of the components of global US missile defence. This work aims to analyze possible Russia’s responses within military and political spheres. The measures proposed are divided into three subgroups: soft, medium and hard depending on the implementation of the adopted missile defence concept by the USA. This research employs the structure-system...

This article sets out to identify the attitude of the Danish mass media to modern Russian innovations. The research is timely because of the Russian interest in the experience of Denmark — one of the "innovation leaders" of the EU. The author analyses a number of publications on Russia in the Danish mass media. The positive image of Russian innovations in Danish periodicals is analysed against the background of historical stereotypes. The article also describes the Danish national ...

This article analyses the issues of EU energy policy in the 1990s-the beginning of the 2000s in order to identify the features of energy supply and energy safety of the Baltic region countries. The research and practical significance of the work lies in the stepwise description of actions ...

... development of new concepts within international law, in particular, the concept of subsidiary protection to persons who fall outside the scope of the 1951 Refugee Convention. The author also considers the issues related to the concept of indirect effect in EU law, as well as the interaction between the EU and international law. 1. Judgment on joint cases №C-402/05 and 415./05 Jasin Abdullah Kadi and Al Barakaat International Foundation v. Council of the European Union and the Commission of the European ...

... awareness of the role of geography in ensuring sustainable regional development. The article is focused on the way of adapting this concept to the Kaliningrad region as a foundation for a sustainable spatial development policy in the context of the EU and the Baltic Sea Region cohesion policy. 1. Dedkov, V. P., Fedorov, G. M. 2006. Prostranstvennoe, territorial'noe i landshaftnoe planirovanie v Kaliningradskoj oblasti: monografija. Kaliningrad. 2. Programma social'no-jekonomicheskogo razvitija ...

This paper delineates the field of realistic discourse and its internal diversity. It develops a conceptual matrix of epic realism and explicates its key features: the individualisation of collective experience; the transposition of the monumentality of the past into the present and the future; and the transformation of monumentality that results in a problematization of the presumed final impeccability of the author and, ultimately, of the hero. The study examines Ernst J?nger’s intellectual novel...

The Vistula Lagoon is a transboundary lagoon of the Baltic Sea that is subject to signifi­cant pollution and water eutrophication. An assessment of the ecological condition of the la­goon was conducted based on the calculation of modern Russian and foreign water pollution indices for the period 2007—2022. The long-term variability of these parameters was ana­lyzed for the lagoon as a whole and separately for four regions characterized by specific condi­tions. The highest level of water pollution...

Eurasianism is among the traditional and most significant intellectual-political currents for Russia and its geostrategy. The importance of the postulates and approaches cultivated within Eurasianism has notably increased in the context of the sharply manifested conflict in the “Russia-West“ system in recent years and the corresponding reorientation of the Russian Federation’s geoeconomic priorities towards the countries of the “Global Majority.“ The actualization of Eurasianism and its broad entrenchment...

... Interna­tional Media Echo. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: Benjamins. Leerssen, J., 2016. Imagology. On Using Ethnicity to Make Sense of the World. Iberic@l, 10, pp. 13—31. Leerssen, J., n. d. A Summary of Imagological Theory. Available at: http:// imagologica. eu/theoreticalsummary [Accessed 14 August 2018]. Li, W., 2016. A systematic approach to manipulation in translation — a case study of Ye Junjian's 1958 translation of H. C. Andersen’s tales. In: L. D'hulst, C. O'Sul­livan and M. Schreiber, eds. Politics,...

This article revisits the traditional perspective on realism as a prevalent trend in the European literature at the end of the 19th century. The author examines the perception of the concept of realism at the end of the 18th century (Friedrich Schiller) and in the 1850s (Champfleury and Duranty). It is stressed that Stendhal and Balzac did not associate themselves with realism and Flaubert objected to being called a realist. The author emphasizes the diversity of schools, trends, and literary techniques...

This paper studies the vision of translation developed within structuralism, cross-cultural studies, and semiotics and compares them with the theory of cultural transfers. The authors identify key notions of each theory or school. Some of these notions — code, opposition, discretion, and border — permeate the scientific vocabulary of many linguistic schools. However, these terms easily acquire new meanings and interpretations in research works. The continuity of communication space is key to semiotic...

This article addresses the history of anagrams in the European culture of the Middle Ages and Renaissance. The author stresses the variety of application of anagrams within cultural practices of difference social groups. Promising areas of research on anagrams in the context of European culture are identified. 1. Дементьев И. О. «Что (не) написал Соссюр»: полвека дискуссий о теории анаграмм // Вестник Балтийского федерального университета им. И. Канта. 2015. № 8. С. 17—25. 2. Ивлева М. А. Вторичное...

The author analyses the history of anagrams in the European baroque culture of the 17th century, shows a rich diversity of literary genres where anagrams are used, and identifies the main trends and techniques of creating anagrams. The article outlines the scope of problems for a future study of anagrams in different areas of contemporary European culture. 1. Алпатов С. В., Шамин С. М. Элогиум митавских иезуитов в документах Великого посольства 1697 г. // Древняя Русь. Вопросы медиевистики. 2014...

The article is sourced from the first 48 issues of The Messenger of Europe founded by N. M. Karamzin who was the publisher, editor and author of most articles of this literary and political journal in 1802—1803. The paper presents a systematised survey of the publications on the most important developments in England’s foreign and domestic policy. Special attention is paid to the articles in the Messenger of Europe concerning various aspects of Britan’s struggle against Napoleonic France. Those articles...

1. Berek M. Gutes oder schleschtes Erinnern? Die Notwendigkeit des Politischen in der Erinnerungskultur // Erinnerungskultur und Versöhnungskitsch. Marburg, 2008. 2. Assmann J. Das kulturelle Gedächtnis Schrift, Erinnerung und politische Identität in frühen Hochkulturen. München, 2002.  3. Staliūnas D. Savas ar svetimas paveldas? 1863—1864 m. sukilimas kaip lietuvių atminties vieta. Vilnius, 2008. 4. Langewiesche D. Unschuldige Mythen: Gründungsmythen und Nationsbildung in...

This is a review of the main research achievements of Professor L. A. Kalinnikov presented in his articles and monographs. The theoretical issues of Kantianism considered in Kalinnikov’s works include the problem of cognisability of “the thing in itself” and noumenal affection, the character of systematicity in Kant’s philosophy and the methodology of its interpretation. Cycles of articles are devoted to the reception of Kant’s ideas in the philosophical and poetic work of V. S. Solovyov, Kant’s...

In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries the need to rethink the status of space and time which Kant considered to be a priori forms of sensibility was prompted by the emergence of new approaches to the methodology of scientific cognition. In neo-Kantian interpretation these cognitive forms acquire a special epistemological status, manifesting themselves in theoretical research as “pre-given” foundations of knowledge. It seems necessary to conduct a comparative analysis of two interconnected...

In this essay, I specify types of representational content that can be attributed to Kant’s account of representation. The more specific aim is to examine which of these types of content can be regarded as possible without the application of concepts. In order to answer the question, I proceed as follows. First, I show how intuition (in Kant’s sense) can be seen as providing indexical content independently of empirical concepts. Second, I show in what sense the generation of spatial content can be...

This paper explores the new frontier within Kantian scholarship which suggests that Kant places so much special importance on the value of rational nature that the supreme principle of morality and the concept of human dignity are both grounded on it. Advocates of this reading argue that the notion of autonomy and dignity should now be considered as the central claim of Kant’s ethics, rather than the universalisation of maxims. Kant’s ethics are termed as repugnant for they place a high demand on...

This article attempts to solve two interrelated problems: to analyse the correlation between the body image disturbance and such self-relation characteristics as time competence, autonomy, self-respect, self-acceptance, selfconfidence, social boldness, initiative in social contacts, aggression, and hostility; to consider the opportunity of psychological management by means of eurhythmics. The comparative analysis of the results of eurhythmics application proves that this method is effective in the...

The comparison of the ideas and activities of the CPC and the party that formally ended its activities in Russia under the name of the CPSU is relevant for analyzing the prospects of the socialist, communist way of development. At the same time, in our opinion, it is important to consider the cultural, his­torical, and cultural aspects of such a comparison. The methodology of the re­search is connected in this case precisely to the historical description of the main stages of development, the nature...