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The separation of the Baltics from the Soviet Uni on was a difficult process accompanied by both political and economic conflicts. The third party in the negotiation process was represented by Germany and the USA. This article sets out to identify the role of the USA and Germany in the restoration of Baltic independence. Historicism and objectivity principles serve as the methodological framework for the research. The regional approach was applied in order ...

This article explores the semantic and pragmatic features of the word 'mother' when used as a term of address. It examines secondary uses of the term in literary texts from the 1780s to the present, a sample of 4,272 tokens, alongside dictionary definitions. The study revealed ...

In the semantic theory of Gottlob Frege, the content of a linguistic sign is determined by the connection between the meaning and a set of subjective perceptions that form the mean­ing. Our study aims to reveal the influence of individual perceptions of ...

... Krouglov A. N. Das Problem des Friedens bei I. Kant und L. N. Tolstoj // War and Peace: the Role of Sciences and Arts / Eds. S. Nour, O. Remaud. Berlin, 2010. S. 257—264. 17. ICISS (International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty). The Responsibility to Protect. Ottawa, 2001. 18. Knöbl W., Schmidt G. (Hrsgs.). Die Gegenwart des Krieges. Frankfurt, 2000. 19. Liste Ph. Völkerrecht-Sprechen. Die Konstruktion demokratischer Völkerrechtspolitik in den USA und der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Baden, 2011. 20. Mayer P. War der Krieg der NATO gegen Jugoslawien moralisch gerechtfertigt? // Zeitschrift für International Beziehungen. 1999. № 6:2. S. 287—321. 21. Maus I. Verfassung oder Vertrag? Zur ...

The article is dedicated to the problem of racial segregation in the USA. Harry S. Truman was the first American president to raise the question of the necessity to eliminate this shameful tradition. 1. Basic Readings in U .   S . Democracy . Washington, 1994. 2. Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States....

This article examines the pragmatic meaning of the slang lexeme chuvak [dude], primar­ily when used as an address. The study aims to identify the components of this pragmatic meaning that contributed to the resurgence of the lexical unit in the 21st century after a peri­od ...

This article analyses how media texts utilise phraseological units featuring family relationship vocabulary, aiming to identify the relationship between the semantics of kinship terms and the overall phraseological meaning while describing possible semantic shifts in the understanding of these phraseological units by modern Russian native speakers. Empirically, the study draws ...

This article will clarify the use of the term “idiomaticity” in its evaluative meaning in relation to translation. Idiomaticity is considered from the point of view of compliance with the norm of usage as a category that ensures the naturalness of translated discourse. The ...

... category. An attempt is made to classify the notions relating to persons with mental and physical defects in accordance with the conceptual – medical and social – models of disability:. 1. Выготский Л. С. Основы дефектологии.... ... социальной защите инвалидов в РФ». 14. Mitchell D. What really works in special and inclusive education. USA, 2008. 15. Verma G. К., Christopher R. Bagley and Madan Mohan Jha International Per-spectives on Educational Diversity and ...

This article shows that the delimitative class of verbs can be expanded through involving new groups of motivating verbs. This process becomes more active in the conditions where the impact of usage is more pronounced. The author establishes that delimitatives acquire special ...

The article analyses functional-semantic characteristics of the speech acts of positive evaluation in English artistic discourse. The article represents the taxonomy of the speech acts of positive evaluation and it includes the analysis of their illocutionary ...

This article is devoted to the oeuvre of the American author of the beginning of the 19th century Charles Brockden Brown who, being little known to the Russian reader, is considered in the USA the father of gothic novel. Addressing the problem of social and legal dependence in post-revolutionary America, Ch. B. Brown takes part in the formation of the new national ideology. 1. Matthiesen F.   O . The American Renaissance. N. Y., 1968....

This article analyses the usage of substandard elements in literary works. Substandard is regarded as a characteristic of the author's idiolect from the standpoint of their internal culture, ethics and aesthetic expressiveness. It is emphasised that the author's usage of substandard ...

This paper offers the results of the study on the word-building capacities and lexical potential of verbs and nouns in the tales in two parts by A. I. Solzhenitsyn. Special attention is focused on the occasional word construction patterns, which are used by the writer ...

The article deals with the usage and the meanings of the emphatic intonation scales of modern British English which are subdivided into two groups according to the object the speaker means to emphasize in his utterance. We also point out which of these ...

... Planning Inequality: Language Policy in the Community. N. Y., 1991. 9. Weiss B. American Education and the European Immigrant, 1840—1940. Urbana, 1982. 10. Wiley T. G. Language planning, language policy, and the English-Only Movement // Language in the USA: Themes for the Twenty-first Century. N. Y., 2008. Р. 319—338. 11. Wong Fillmore L. W. Language in education // Language in the USA: Themes for the Twenty-first Century. N. Y., 2008. P. 339—361. 12. Americans Overwhelmingly Support Official ...

In February 2007 Russia’s President Vladimir Putin made a speech at the Munich conference on security. In his speech, Vladimir Putin criticized the dominance policy pursued by the USA and its allies and spoke about the need to form a new system of world order based on partnership and good neighbourly relations between countries. Only these relations can ensure security and prosperity for the whole world. Unfortunately, Western ...

This article analyses the factors that strengthened the influence of the Christian right movement in the USA in the 1990s. The author considers the organizational changes and ideological transformation within the movement and its effect on the political process in this period. The article identifies the problems facing the Christian Right movement in its ...

... Шанхайская организация сотрудничества: к новым рубежам развития: матер. круглого стола. М., 2008. С. 198—202. Baranov A.Yu. the Shanghai Cooperation Organization, China, Russia, the USA, Central Asia. 116-124

...?rel=mas [Accessed 5 May 2021]. Benjamin Moser, n. d. Avalable at: https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_ Moser [Accessed 5 May 2021]. Berman, A., 1990. La retraduction comme espace de traduction. Palimpsestes , 13, pp. 1—7. Bourdieu, P., 1993. The Field of Cultural Production. Cambridge: Polity Press. Brum, E., 2021. Bolsonaro has turned Brazil into a global pariah. El País USA , 9 March. Available at: https://english.elpais.com/usa/2021-03-09/bolsonaro-has- turned-brazil-into-a-global-pariah.html [Accessed 5 May 2021]. Buzelin, H., 2005. Unexpected allies: How Latour’s Network Theory could com­ple­ment Bourdieusian ...

This paper considers four problems that are most likely to affect the future development of linguistics: 1) linguistic diversity; 2) the text/system interpretation of language; 3) the role of quantitative methods; 4) the role of diachronic analysis. The author concludes that systemic, static, synchronic, qualitative ...

... dying of art. Reflections on the fate of literary and artistic creation. Chapter 4. The dying of art]. In: Samosoznanie kulturyi i iskusstva XX veka. Zapadnaya Evropa i SShA [Self-awareness of culture and art of the twentieth century. Western Europe and the USA]. Moscow; SPb., pp. 352—378. 2. Goethe J. W. 1969, Poeziya i pravda [Poetry and truth], Moscow, 606 p. 3. Goethe J. W. 1976, Sobranie sochineniy [Collected works], v 10 t., Moscow. 4. Heisenberg W. 1989, Fizika i filosofiya. Chast i tseloe [Physics ...

... defence. This work aims to analyze possible Russia’s responses within military and political spheres. The measures proposed are divided into three subgroups: soft, medium and hard depending on the implementation of the adopted missile defence concept by the USA. This research employs the structure-system method and the method of actualization. The authors outline both positive and negative consequences of such actions for the Russian Federation, the USA, eastern European countries and the neighbouring countries,...

The study examines the description of the artistic color space constructed with lexemes containing the root ryzh- (“reddish-brown” or “ginger”), which differ in their grammatical characteristics, in Russian poetry of the first third of the 20th ...

The article examines the concept of the rhetorical question, which — quite surprisingly — is still not part of the standard and widely recognized inventory of linguistic categories, and the term ‘rhetorical question’ is rarely used in linguistic ...

The discursive approach to the study of politeness has expanded its scope by incorpo­ra­ting the hearer, in addition to the speaker, as well as the context of interaction, which de­ter­mines various aspects of communication, including the emotional/emotive ...

... and one-sidedly, and therefore does not provide objective and verified assessments of the situation. The relevance of the topic is caused by the presence of Russian strategic interests in the Baltic region, the unpredictability and rapid dynamics of the military-political situation here, which requires constant scientific coverage. Ovcharuk A.P. Baltic region, Kaliningrad region, risks and threats to Russian security, NATO, USA 89-102 10.5922/vestnikhum-2024-4-8