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... Schaeffer) assumes that its advocates underestimate nature’s impact on humans and their connection to other living beings. Constructing a dialogue between Kant and Schaeffer helps to solve two problems. First, to determine whether Kant’s ethical and teleological concept is immune to Schaeffer’s critique. Second, to clarify the German philosopher’s contribution to environmental ethics. I come to the conclusion that it is premature to claim that consciousness and free will exist only in the framework ...

The key thesis of natural teleology is that the products of nature should be judged by the goal of their existence or they should be explained as if such a goal existed. The prevailing view in the literature is that there are two main stages in the development of teleology in ...

... sciences and the concepts of philosophy of science in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Bazhanov, V. А., 2020. Nature of Mathematics through the Lens of Cognitive Research, Voprosy Filosofii, 11, pp. 87-96. (In Rus.) Fugate, C. D., 2014. The Teleology of Reason. A Study of the Structure of Kant’s Critical Philosophy. New York & Berlin: De Gryuter. Kalin, M. G., 1972. Kant’s Transcendental Arguments as Gedankenexperimente. Kant-Studien, 63, pp. 289-328. Kant, I., 2004a. Metaphysical Foundations ...

... also differ. For in its main features the transcendental metaphysics of Kant’s nature is substantially different from the mathematical methodology of Lambert’s theory of nature. In addition, Lambert stuck throughout his life to a theonomous natural teleology in the succession of Wolff, which was fundamentally made impossible by the Critique of Pure Reason: because the wise “intention of the creator”, which Lambert’s empirical-rationalistic cosmology could not and did not want to do without,...

... describing a new aesthetic phenomenon. Analysing language through shifts, Jakobson explores it in a structuralist way. In “The Newest Russian Poetry” the scholar summarises the ideas that became fundamental for him in the 1960s-1970s: the ideas of the teleological nature of poetry, a close connection between mental and language structures, and the relevance of the identification of text struc­ture as a relatively stable set of relations for the analysis of sense-making and text generation. Exploring ...

... 2008. Kant’s Critique of Judgment Is an Essay on Philosophy of Science? Mysl’: Zhurnal Peterburgskogo filosofskogo obshchestva [Thought. Journal of the St. Petersburg Philosophical Society], 7(1), pp. 185-211. (In Rus.) Razeev, D. N., 2010. The Teleological Principle of Cognition in the Context of Kant’s Critique of Judgment. Kantian Journal, 1, pp. 7-14. (In Rus.) Schlick, M., 1993. On the Foundation of Knowledge. In: A. F. Gryaznov, ed. 1993. Analiticheskaya filosofiya: Izbrannye teksty ...

This research aims to present a coherent analysis of so-called “doctrinal hermeneutics” by examining notable passages from Religion within the Bounds of Bare Reason and the Critique of the Power of Judgment. It is first shown that doctrinal hermeneutics essentially relies on symbolic hypotyposis, which can be understood as thinking by analogy supplemented with a reference to intuition. Here, both an historical and a contemporary interpretation inform the reconstruction of what Kant understands by...

... Darstellung. Stuttgart: Reclam, pp. 211-215. Corr, C. A., 1983. Introduction. In: C. Wolff, 1983. Gesammelte Werke. Abt. 1. Deutsche Schriften. Volume 2. Vernünfftige Gedanken. Edited by C.A. Corr. Hildesheim: Olms, pp. 1-47. Fugate, C.D., 2014. The Teleology of Reason. A Study of the Structure of Kant’s Critical Philosophy. Berlin: De Gryuter. Gawlick, G., 1986. Christian Wolff und der Deismus. In: W. Schneiders, ed. 1986. Christian Wolff 1679—1754. Interpretationen zu seiner Philosophie und ...

... Nature. Kant-Studien, 105, pp. 491-508. Massimi, M., 2017. What is this Thing Called Scientific Knowledge? — Kant on Imaginary Standpoints and the Regulative Role of Reason. Kant Yearbook, 9, pp. 63-72. McFarland, J. D., 1970. Kant’s Concept of Teleology. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. McLaughlin, P., 2014. Transcendental Presuppositions and Ideas of Reason. Kant-Studien, 105, S. 554-572. McNulty, M. B., 2015. Rehabilitating the Regulative Use of Reason: Kant on Empirical and Chemical ...

... useful to look to Kant, who wrote much on whether, by reproducing, humans do wrong or right morally. Two main arguments are put forward and assessed: one examining whether perfect or imperfect duties condone reproduction, the other whether Kant’s teleological or, in the opposite sense, his eschatological outlooks can salvage reproduction. These two arguments are essential for building the entire argument. I find that, although Kant’s arguments against reproducing are strong, some of his writing ...

Kant’s turn to the subject has changed the epistemological conditions for theology. Four intellectual backgrounds of objections are examined: an Aristotelian and Thomistic teleological order of nature (1); Augustinianism based on original sin in which human agency is completely attributed to God’s grace (2); a Hegelian critique of the deontological conception of an “unconditional ought” which also puts Kant’s postulate ...

Kant’s deduction of the Christian doctrine of justification, respectively the doctrine of grace, leads to the question in what sense philosophy can deal with God’s grace without falsely replacing it with its own arguments. Kant’s answer (a) is that the imputation of evil without attempt to justify it by means of one’s own resources requires thinking of God as the external judge in the internal court of justice, respectively as one’s conscience. This reference to God implies that one makes oneself...

In a crucial paragraph (KrV, A 663-664 / B 691-692) of the first part of the “Appendix to the Transcendental Dialectic”, Kant discusses the specific status of the principles of homogeneity, specification, and continuity. In doing so, he refers to an already proven argument and thus to other passages of the Critique of Pure Reason. In search of this argument the “Transcendental Analytic” but in particular the “first book” of the “Transcendental Dialectic” turn out to be possible reference points....

Through the difference between the first and the second variants of «The Introduction» to «The Critique of Judgement», the author shows the epistemological meaning of teleological principle revealed by Kant in the cognition of nature. 1. Кант И. Первое введение в Критику способности суждения // Собр. соч.: в 6 т. М., 1966. Т. 5. С. 99—159. 2. Кант И....

This article puts forward the idea that the basis of Kant’s philosophy is moral ontology dominated by things in themselves, which provide the basis for the moral world order: God, soul, and freedom. Kant's epistemology, teleology and anthropology are determined by the attempt to prove the possibility of such world order. The ultimate end of this order is a human as a moral being, the thinking, experience, and knowledge of which are consistent with this end. 1. Голосовкер ...

The article broaches the issue of Kant’s claim of the enlightenment of the philosophizing subject by tracing his criticism of philosophical enthusiasm (“Schwärmerei”). For Kant intellectual intuition (“intellektuelle Anschauung”) serves in case of philosophical enthusiasm as a reason for the justification of philosophical knowledge. This determination is a threat for his project of enlightenment, because it entices the philosophizing subject to contradict the maxim of self-thinking. In order to show...

....ru/MEMUARY/ZHZL/kant.txt . 5. Gulyga A. V. 1994, Estetika Kanta [Kant’s aesthetics]. In: Kant I. Kritika sposobnosti suj’denija [The Critique of Judgment], Moscow, p. 9—35. 6. Dobrohotov A. L. 2008, Teleologija Kanta kak uchenie o kul’ture [Kant’s teleology as a culture study]. In: Dobrohotov A. L. Izbranoije [Selected works], Moscow, p. 284—294. 7. Kant I. 1999, Antropologija s pragmaticheskoj tochki zrenija [Antropology from a pragmatic point of view], SPb., 471 p. 8. Kant I. 2001, Kritika ...

... theory lacks a foundation necessary for a contemporary science. It has neither a clear concept of its object — a human being and their diseases, nor a rationally justified method, nor reliable treatment techniques. With the help of Kant’s theory of teleology in nature and based on the system of medi¬cine developed by the Scottish physician John Brown, Erhard attempted to formulate such foundations of a theory of medicine that might serve the purposes of medical practice. The last section of the ...